Warm UpPlease match each of the approaches of psychology to their

corresponding key terms (write all out)

1. Behavioral a. Unconscious mind

2. Biological b. Culture, Gender, Socioeconomic

Status

3. Psychoanalytic c. Self-directed

4. Cognitive d. Genetics

5. Sociocultural e. Information processing

6. Humanistic f. Conditioning

Research

How psychologists collect information

Before the researching begins…

• 1- Develop a specific question about a

hypothesis

• 2-Look for evidence

• 3- Select a sample from population to be studied

POPULATION

Sample(relatively small group)

Page 37

• What is a requirement of a sample?

• What type of sample would a

psychologist not want?

• How can you avoid that type of

sample? (2 ways)

Population you are studying- How far can an average 40

year old man run?

Representative- Sample includes a wide variety of 40

year old men

Nonrepresentative- Sample includes a variety of 40 year

old men, 95% who are marathon runners

METHODS• Naturalistic Observation- simply

observes the object in their natural

setting (they individual or animal are

unaware)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=r3np1TeltSU

METHODS

• Case Study- intensive study on one

or more individuals

• These can NOT be generalized!!!

METHODS

• Surveys- many individuals asked a

set of questions

METHODS

• Longitudinal Study- Same group of individuals

studied at set intervals of a long range of time.

• Focus on change in characteristics

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nM-yKeJg-So

METHODS

• Cross-Sectional Studies- data is

collected from groups of different

ages then compared

• What might this type of study help

psychologists figure out?

Correlation

• Relationship between two sets of data

• Can be positive OR negative, or show

no correlation

• Correlation does NOT equal causation

EXPERIMENTS• May be used because the

psychologist can control the situation

• Variable-factor which is capable of

change

• INDEPENDENT VS.

DEPENDENTThe experimenter can change or alter

Experimental group is exposed to this variable

Changes in relation to the independent variable (if there is an affect)

We are becoming psychologists!

Problems and Solutions

• Please open your textbook to page 42.

• Define self-fulfilling prophecy and tell

(in your own words) how it can

produce inaccurate results.

• How can this be avoided? (List and

define the two ways)

Milgram Experiment

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W

147ybOdgpE