warm-up fill in the blanks in blood’s path through the heart: from the body 1. vena cava...

Warm-UpWarm-Up Fill in the blanks in Fill in the blanks in

blood’s path through blood’s path through

the heart:the heart:

from the body from the body

1. 1. vena cavavena cava

2.____ 2.____

3.____ 3.____

4.____ 4.____

to the lungs to the lungs

5. 5. pulmonary veinpulmonary vein

6.____ 6.____

7.____ 7.____

8.____ 8.____

back to the bodyback to the bodyHeart Diagram

http://www.wellesley.edu/Biology/Courses/111/AdultHeart.gif

Respiratory SystemRespiratory System

Functions of the Respiratory Functions of the Respiratory SystemSystem

1.1. Supply Supply oxygenoxygen to the blood to the blood

2.2. Remove Remove carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide from the blood from the blood

What is the function of the What is the function of the respiratory system?respiratory system?

a)a) To provide oxygen & carbon To provide oxygen & carbon dioxide to the body cells.dioxide to the body cells.

b)b) To provide carbon dioxide to To provide carbon dioxide to body cells & remove oxygen. body cells & remove oxygen.

c)c) To provide oxygen to body To provide oxygen to body cells & remove carbon cells & remove carbon dioxide.dioxide.

d)d) To remove oxygen & carbon To remove oxygen & carbon dioxide from the body cells.dioxide from the body cells.

Organs of the Respiratory SystemOrgans of the Respiratory System

1.1. Nose & MouthNose & Mouth (air enters through the nostrils & mouth)(air enters through the nostrils & mouth)

a)a) Nasal cavityNasal cavity = air = air

is cleaned, warmed, is cleaned, warmed,

and moistenedand moistened


2.2. ThroatThroat

a)a) PharynxPharynx = =

passageway for passageway for

both both foodfood and and airair


2.2. ThroatThroat

a)a) PharynxPharynx = passageway for = passageway for

both food and airboth food and air

b)b) Epiglottis Epiglottis = flap = flap

that closes over the that closes over the

larynx larynx when when

swallowingswallowing to keep to keep

food & water outfood & water out


2.2. ThroatThroat

a)a) PharynxPharynx = passageway for = passageway for both food and airboth food and air

b)b) Epiglottis Epiglottis = flap that closes = flap that closes over the larynx when over the larynx when swallowing to keep food & swallowing to keep food & water outwater out

c)c) LarynxLarynx = = airair only; only; vocal chordsvocal chords are are attached hereattached here


2.2. ThroatThroat

a)a) PharynxPharynx = passageway for = passageway for both food and airboth food and air

a)a) Epiglottis Epiglottis = flap that closes = flap that closes over the larynx when over the larynx when swallowing to keep food & swallowing to keep food & water outwater out

a)a) LarynxLarynx = air only; vocal = air only; vocal chords are attached herechords are attached here

a)a) TracheaTrachea (windpipe)= (windpipe)= c-shaped rings of c-shaped rings of cartilagecartilage keep it keep it openopen all the time all the time

Which of these does the nasal cavity Which of these does the nasal cavity NOT do to inhaled air?NOT do to inhaled air?

Cle

an

War

m

Mois

ten

Conde

nse

0% 0%0%0%

a)a) CleanClean

b)b) WarmWarm

c)c) MoistenMoisten

d)d) CondenseCondense

10

What is the flap called that prevents What is the flap called that prevents food from entering the larynx?food from entering the larynx?

Phar

ynx

Epig

lotti

s

Lar

ynx

Tra

chea

25% 25%25%25%a)a) PharynxPharynx

b)b) EpiglottisEpiglottis

c)c) LarynxLarynx

d)d) Trachea Trachea

10

What is the first structure that only What is the first structure that only air can pass through (not food)?air can pass through (not food)?

Mout

h

Phar

ynx

Lar

ynx

Tra

chea

25% 25%25%25%

10

a)a) MouthMouth

b)b) PharynxPharynx

c)c) LarynxLarynx

d)d) Trachea Trachea


3.3. Lungs Lungs

(where oxygen & (where oxygen &

carbon dioxide carbon dioxide

are are exchangedexchanged))


3.3. Lungs Lungs (where oxygen & (where oxygen &

carbon dioxide are exchanged)carbon dioxide are exchanged)

a)a) BronchiBronchi = 2 small = 2 small

branches at end branches at end

of of tracheatrachea; carry ; carry

airair into lungs into lungs



carbon dioxide are exchanged)carbon dioxide are exchanged)

a)a) Bronchi Bronchi = 2 small = 2 small

branches at end of branches at end of

trachea; carry air into trachea; carry air into

lungslungs

b)b) BronchiolesBronchioles = =

smaller branchessmaller branches

off of off of bronchibronchi



carbon dioxide are carbon dioxide are exchanged)exchanged)

a)a) BronchiBronchi = 2 small = 2 small branches at end of branches at end of trachea; carry air into trachea; carry air into lungslungs

a)a) BronchiolesBronchioles = smaller = smaller branches off of bronchibranches off of bronchi

a)a) AlveoliAlveoli = tiny, = tiny, grape-like sacs at grape-like sacs at the the endend of bronchioles; surrounded by of bronchioles; surrounded by capillariescapillaries


4.4. DiaphragmDiaphragm((musclemuscle below the below the

lungs that helps move lungs that helps move

airair in and out of the in and out of the

body)body)

What is this structure called?What is this structure called?

bro

nchi

bro

nchio

le

alv

eoli

dia

phra

gm

20% 20% 20%20%20%

10

a)a) bronchibronchi

b)b) bronchiolebronchiole

c)c) alveoli alveoli

d)d) diaphragmdiaphragm

What causes you to exhale?What causes you to exhale?

Your l

ungs

contra

ct ..

Your d

iaphra

gm m

ov..

Your r

ibs

sque

eze

the.

..

Your d

iaphra

gm m

ov..

25% 25%25%25%

10

a)a) Your lungs contract to Your lungs contract to squeeze the air out.squeeze the air out.

b)b) Your diaphragm moves Your diaphragm moves up, pushing air out of the up, pushing air out of the lungs.lungs.

c)c) Your ribs squeeze the air Your ribs squeeze the air out of your lungs.out of your lungs.

d)d) Your diaphragm moves Your diaphragm moves down, letting air escape down, letting air escape from your lungs.from your lungs.

Gas Exchange in the LungsGas Exchange in the Lungs

Takes place between Takes place between alveolialveoli and and capillariescapillaries


Takes place between Takes place between alveolialveoli and and capillariescapillaries INHALE

oxygen enter body

into alveoli

into capillaries

into blood

to body cells


Takes place between Takes place between alveolialveoli and and capillariescapillaries EXHALE

leaves body

into alveoli

into capillaries

into blood

CO2 from body cells

Where does the exchange of oxygen Where does the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occur?and carbon dioxide occur?

The

heart

The

alve

oli

The

pharyn

x

The

body ce

lls

25% 25%25%25%

10

a)a) The heartThe heart

b)b) The alveoliThe alveoli

c)c) The pharynxThe pharynx

d)d) The body cellsThe body cells

What carries the blood back to the What carries the blood back to the heart after it picks up oxygen from heart after it picks up oxygen from

the alveoli?the alveoli?

Lungs

Aorta

Pulm

onar

y ar

te...

Pulm

onar

y ve

in

25% 25%25%25%

10

a)a) LungsLungs

b)b) AortaAorta

c)c) Pulmonary arteryPulmonary artery

d)d) Pulmonary veinPulmonary vein

Excretory Excretory SystemSystem

Functions of Excretory SystemFunctions of Excretory System

1.1. Rids blood of Rids blood of

wasteswastes ( (ureaurea))


1.1. Rids blood of Rids blood of

wastes (urea)wastes (urea)

2.2. Controls blood Controls blood

volume by removing volume by removing

extra extra waterwater

produced by produced by cellscells


1.1. Rids blood of Rids blood of wastes (urea)wastes (urea)

2.2. Controls blood Controls blood volume by removing volume by removing extra water extra water produced by cellsproduced by cells

3.3. BalancesBalances salts salts and and waterwater so cells can function properly so cells can function properly

Which is not a function of the Which is not a function of the excretory system?excretory system?

Rem

oves

waste

s...

Rem

oves

exce

ss...

Rem

oves

carb

on...

Rem

oves

exce

ss...

25% 25%25%25%

10

a)a) Removes wastes Removes wastes from the bloodfrom the blood

b)b) Removes excess Removes excess water from the bloodwater from the blood

c)c) Removes carbon Removes carbon dioxide from the dioxide from the bloodblood

d)d) Removes excess Removes excess salt from the bloodsalt from the blood

Organs of the Excretory SystemOrgans of the Excretory System

1.1. Renal ArteryRenal Artery = carries = carries blood blood intointo the kidneys the kidneys

2.2. Renal VeinRenal Vein = carries = carries blood blood out ofout of the the kidneyskidneys

3.3. KidneysKidneys = filter = filter bloodblood that has collected that has collected wasteswastes from cells from cells


1.1. Renal ArteryRenal Artery = carries = carries

blood into the kidneysblood into the kidneys

2.2. Renal VeinRenal Vein = carries = carries

blood out of the kidneysblood out of the kidneys

3.3. KidneysKidneys = filter blood = filter blood

that has collected that has collected

wastes from cellswastes from cellsa)a) NephronsNephrons = filters inside the kidneys = filters inside the kidneys

b)b) Produce Produce urineurine (sterile waste fluid, (sterile waste fluid, 96%96% water) water)

What does the renal vein carry?What does the renal vein carry?

Blo

od conta

ini..

.

Blo

od conta

ini..

.

Cle

an b

lood in

...

Cle

an b

lood b

a...

25% 25%25%25%

10

a)a) Blood containing Blood containing waste into the kidneyswaste into the kidneys

b)b) Blood containing Blood containing waste back to the waste back to the bodybody

c)c) Clean blood into the Clean blood into the kidneyskidneys

d)d) Clean blood back to Clean blood back to the bodythe body

What is urine mostly made of?What is urine mostly made of?

Wat

er

Ure

a S

alt

Blo

od

25% 25%25%25%

10

a)a) WaterWater

b)b) UreaUrea

c)c) SaltSalt

d)d) BloodBlood


4.4. UretersUreters = tubes that = tubes that

lead from each lead from each kidneykidney

to to bladderbladder


4.4. UretersUreters = tubes that = tubes that

lead from each kidney lead from each kidney

to bladderto bladder

5.5. Urinary bladderUrinary bladder = =

muscular organ that muscular organ that

holds holds urineurine


4.4. UretersUreters = tubes that = tubes that lead from each kidney lead from each kidney to bladderto bladder

5.5. Urinary bladderUrinary bladder = = muscular organ that muscular organ that holds urineholds urine

6.6. UrethraUrethra = tube that = tube that carries urine from the carries urine from the bladder bladder out of the out of the bodybody

What is this structure?What is this structure?

Ure

ter

Urin

e

Bla

dder

Ure

thra

25% 25%25%25%

10

a)a) UreterUreter

b)b) UrineUrine

c)c) BladderBladder

d)d) UrethraUrethra

Where is urine stored until the body Where is urine stored until the body is ready to eliminate it?is ready to eliminate it?

Kid

neys

Ure

ters

Bla

dder

Ure

thra

25% 25%25%25%

10

a)a) KidneysKidneys

b)b) UretersUreters

c)c) BladderBladder

d)d) Urethra Urethra

Other Excretory OrgansOther Excretory Organs

1.1. SkinSkin = releases = releases

perspirationperspiration (water (water

& salts) to & salts) to cool offcool off

bodybody

Other Excretory OrgansOther Excretory Organs

1.1. SkinSkin = releases perspiration (water & = releases perspiration (water & salts) to cool off bodysalts) to cool off body

2.2. LungsLungs = release = release carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide from the from the bodybody

Which statement is true about Which statement is true about excreted substances?excreted substances?

Wat

er c

an o

nly...

Exc

ess

salt

ca...

Blo

od car

ries

...

Car

bon dio

xide.

..

0% 0%0%0%

a)a) Water can only be Water can only be removed by the kidneys.removed by the kidneys.

b)b) Excess salt can be Excess salt can be removed by the kidneys removed by the kidneys & skin.& skin.

c)c) Blood carries all waste Blood carries all waste products to the lungs to products to the lungs to be removed from the be removed from the body.body.

d)d) Carbon dioxide can be Carbon dioxide can be excreted by the skin.excreted by the skin. 10

Which system does not include an Which system does not include an excretory organ?excretory organ?

Exc

reto

ry s

yst..

.

Inte

gumen

tary

...

Car

diova

scul

ar...

Res

pirato

ry s

y...

25% 25%25%25%

10

a)a) Excretory systemExcretory system

b)b) Integumentary Integumentary systemsystem

c)c) Cardiovascular Cardiovascular systemsystem

d)d) Respiratory Respiratory systemsystem

warm-up fill in the blanks in blood’s path through the heart: from the body 1. vena cava...

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