Warm Up

Draw a figure to represent a good leader. Around the figure, list five characteristics that you believe make a good leader. Draw a line from each characteristic to the part of the figure that symbolizes that characteristic. For example, if a good leader should be

persuasive, write the word Persuasive beside the figure. Then draw a line from the word to the figure’s mouth.

Warm Up

Should Mrs. Law be referred to as “Mrs. Law the Great” from now on? Why or why not?

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

Objective

I will be able to evaluate who Alexander the Great was and was he a great leader in the Peloponnesian War.

The purpose of this is to analyze Alexander’s chances for success in his plan to unit his empire.

This means that I will be able to learn about Alexander the Great conquest of vast lands and his efforts to unite the people of this huge empire

Key Vocabulary

Peloponnesian War- conflict between Athens and Sparta that lasted for 25 years.

Macedonia- ancient Kingdom north of Greece Phillip II- King of Macedonia, father of Alexander the

Great Alexander the Great- the ruler of a vast empire from

Macedonia to India Empire- a large territory in which several groups of

people are ruled by a single leader or government Darius III- Persian King Phalanx- a group of soldiers who are all armed with

spears up to fifteen feet in length. These soldiers will point their spears forward and march in unison

Read 30.1 and answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper:

Who was Alexander the Great?Where was he from?Where is Macedonia?What did Alexander do?

Alexander the Great and his Empire

As you watch this video, please answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper:1. What is the significance of the Egyptians declaring Alexander

to be Pharaoh?2. What lesson did the Greeks learn about the Persian Empire

when they captured Persepolis?3. Why did Alexander want to spread Greek culture throughout

the former Persian Empire? How did he do this?

Alexander the Great Video

Answers:1. What is the significance of the Egyptians declaring

Alexander to be Pharaoh?• The Egyptians believed that the Pharaoh was descended from the gods, so

their crowning Alexander Pharaoh meant they considered him to be divine.

2. What lesson did the Greeks learn about the Persian Empire when they captured Persepolis?• The Greeks learned that Persepolis was not a barbaric city, but a city of a

more advanced civilization than their own.

3. Why did Alexander want to spread Greek culture throughout the former Persian Empire? How did he do this?

Alexander the Great Video

How Alexander Spread Greek Ideas

Read Section 30.6 On page , write two ways Alexander spread Greek Ideas in

order to unite the different peoples of his empire. Do you think all people living in America should learn to speak

English? Why or why not? Why do you think Alexander insisted that government officials and

soldiers speak only Greek? Do you think that was a good idea or a bad idea? Why?

If you went to another country, what things from the United States might you see? When people see things from the United States in their countries, do you think it makes them respect Americans more or less? Why?

How do you think non-Greeks felt about Greeks when they saw Greek buildings, art, theater, literature, and government in the cities Alexander started? Do you think it made them respect the Greeks more or less? Why?

How Alexander Used Religion Read Section 30.7 On page , list two ways Alexander used religion to

convince people in his empire to accept him as their leader. Do you think it is important for your leader to follow

the same religion as you do? Why or why not? Why do you think Alexander treated all religions as

equal? Do you think this was a good idea or a bad idea? Why?

If people believed that Alexander was a god, how might they feel about things he did?

If people did not think Alexander was a god, how might they feel about the fact that he said he was a god?

How Alexander Adapted the Ways of Conquered Cultures

Read Section 30.8 On page , write four foreign ideas or customs that

Alexander adopted. When people live in another country, d o you think they should

dress like the people in that country, or wear the same clothes they usually wear? Why?

Why do you think Alexander worm Persian clothes? Do you think this was a good idea or a bad idea?

Suppose a child has a mother from one country and a father from another country. How might that affect the languages the child speaks, the foods he or she eats, and the holidays he or she celebrates?

Why do you think Alexander encourages marriages between Macedonians and Persians? Do you think this was a good idea or a bad idea? Why?

Read 30.9What happened when Alexander died?What happened to the cities he established?

The Empire Crumbles

Was Alexander truly great, or did he simply inherit his father's legacy?

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Artist often made medallions to commemorate important events. You are to draw on page four medallions that illustrate Alexander’s plan to conquer and unify his empire. Make sure to color your illustrations Then write a brief explanation of what each

medallion shows

Things Inherited by Alexander1. Greek economy was strong, and the treasury was full of money.2. Greek culture was flourishing, and the people were well educated.3. The Persian Empire was growing weaker day by day.4. Philip II had created the Phalanx, which at this time was unbeatable.

Things Accomplished by Alexander1. Marched for 11 years and covered over 22,000 miles.2. Earned the loyalty of his army.3. Brought Greek culture to a 22 million square mile area.4. Set up a common system of currency in his empire.5. Built the city of Alexandria in Egypt.6. Incorporated the Persian and Greek cultures.7. Brought scientists from all over his empire to Greece to educate his people.

Additional Notes

Alexander’s Empire: A. The Macedonians were a people who lived in the mountains of northern Greece. B. They were a war-like people, much like the people of Sparta. C. The king of the Macedonians was Philip II.

1. Philip admired the Greek culture and set out to unify all of the now weak Greek city-states by force.

2. Philip conquered all of the major city-states of Greece except for Sparta. He then announced that he had plans to invade the Persian Empire, at this time the largest in the world.

3. His most brilliant military accomplishment was the Phalanx. 4. Just before Philip was ready to attack the Persians, he was murdered.

D. Philip II was succeeded by his son Alexander, who later became known as Alexander the Great. 1. Very well educated, he had been taught by Aristotle. 2. Eventually conquered the Persian Empire and Egypt. 3. Built the city of Alexandria. 4. Died at age 33 of a fever, malaria. 5. Without his leadership, his empire soon fell apart. 6. Considered by many as the greatest general/warrior of all time.

(a). Developed siege weapons such as the catapult. (b). One of Alexander’s greatest achievements was to spread Greek culture throughout his empire and

to also bring knowledge from the empire back to Greece.