Warm-up 9/30/11Warm-up 9/30/11

Teach the Teacher: What is Teach the Teacher: What is something going on in the news? something going on in the news?

Review: What is homeostasis? Review: What is homeostasis? Learning Target: What is one part Learning Target: What is one part

of the cell that helps it maintain of the cell that helps it maintain homeostasis? Cells have what homeostasis? Cells have what kind of things in it? kind of things in it?

Teach the Students Teach the Students Power PointPower Point Cell organells- Cell organells-

cell organs cell organs 1-2 slides 1-2 slides Font 32 Font 32 2 box layout 2 box layout

Name of organelle,Name of organelle, what it does what it does

(function), (function), what type of cell it what type of cell it

is,is, interesting fact, interesting fact, Picture Picture Site sources Site sources (pg. 199) (pg. 199)

Cell Organelles (like Cell Organelles (like organs)organs) Cell wallCell wall Centrioles Centrioles Chloroplast Chloroplast Cilia Cilia Cytoskeleton Cytoskeleton Endoplasmic Endoplasmic

reticulum reticulum Flagella Flagella Golgi apparatus Golgi apparatus

Lysosome Lysosome Mitochondrion Mitochondrion Nucleus Nucleus Plasma Plasma

membrane membrane Ribosome Ribosome Vacuole Vacuole

Warm-up 10/4/11Warm-up 10/4/11

Teach the Teacher: What is the Teach the Teacher: What is the best part about the weekend? best part about the weekend?

Review: List as many flash card Review: List as many flash card words as possible….. words as possible…..

Learning Target: What is one part Learning Target: What is one part of the cell that helps it maintain of the cell that helps it maintain homeostasis? Cells have what homeostasis? Cells have what kind of things in it? kind of things in it?

The Homeostasis The Homeostasis Regulator….Plasma Regulator….Plasma Membrane! Membrane!

Review Review

Cell theory: all living things come from Cell theory: all living things come from pre-existing cells pre-existing cells

Homeostasis: maintaining balance in Homeostasis: maintaining balance in an organisms internal environment an organisms internal environment

HOMEOSTASIS IS ESSENTIAL HOMEOSTASIS IS ESSENTIAL TO SURVIVAL!!!!!!TO SURVIVAL!!!!!!

Plasma MembranePlasma Membrane Made of 2 Made of 2

groups of groups of organic organic molecules: molecules: phospholipids phospholipids and proteins and proteins

PhospholipidsPhospholipids: : molecules molecules shaped like a shaped like a head with 2 head with 2 tailstails

Plasma Membrane Plasma Membrane PolarityPolarity

Heads are the Heads are the phosphorous phosphorous groupgroup which which are polar are polar (attract H(attract H22O)O)

Tails are long Tails are long lipidlipid chains chains that are non-that are non-polar (push polar (push HH22O away)O away)

PM: like a sandwich PM: like a sandwich

Polarity of the Polarity of the phospholipids phospholipids causes them to causes them to form a 2 layer form a 2 layer “sandwich”“sandwich”

Prevents most Prevents most materials from materials from passing in/out passing in/out of cellof cell

The other stuffThe other stuff ProteinsProteins are are

embedded in the embedded in the bilayerbilayer

3 types: 3 types: Marker Marker proteinsproteins (curley- (curley-q) identify the q) identify the cell as to typecell as to type

ReceptorReceptor proteins proteins gather info about gather info about the cell’s the cell’s surroundingssurroundings

ChannelChannel proteins proteins act as the act as the “gatekeeper” of “gatekeeper” of the cell allowing the cell allowing larger molecules larger molecules in/out of the cellin/out of the cell

Passive & Active Transport: Passive & Active Transport: Moving Materials across the Moving Materials across the Plasma MembranePlasma Membrane

First a chemistry First a chemistry review:review:

SoluteSolute is the is the substance that substance that dissolves in another dissolves in another substancesubstance

SolventSolvent is the more is the more plentiful substance plentiful substance that dissolves the that dissolves the solutesolute

Mixture of solute and Mixture of solute and solvent= solvent= solutionsolution

Passive Passive TransportTransport

Does NOT involve the use Does NOT involve the use of Energy to bring things of Energy to bring things in/out of cellin/out of cell

Molecules seek Molecules seek homeostasis between the homeostasis between the inside/outside of cell using inside/outside of cell using the concentration the concentration gradientgradient

The Power Behind The Power Behind Passive Transport Passive Transport DiffusionDiffusion: when : when substancessubstances move move

from an area of higher from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration to an area of lower conc.conc.

Example: OExample: O22 in your blood stream in your blood stream OsmosisOsmosis: diffusion of : diffusion of HH22O O

moleculesmolecules in the direction of higher in the direction of higher solute conconcentration (if solute is solute conconcentration (if solute is high then Hhigh then H22O is low)O is low)

Social-Scientific Issue Social-Scientific Issue

An issue that relates to science An issue that relates to science that is affected by: that is affected by: – PoliticsPolitics– Economics Economics – Morality Morality – Human Health Human Health

P M and 3 solutionsP M and 3 solutions Hypertonic solutionHypertonic solution:: solute solute

concentration Out of the cell is higher concentration Out of the cell is higher than in the cell (more Hthan in the cell (more H22O molecules O molecules inin the cell)the cell)

HH22O molecules rush out of the cell to O molecules rush out of the cell to area of lower Harea of lower H22O conc.O conc.

Causes cell to shrivelCauses cell to shrivel

Hypotonic solutionHypotonic solution: solute : solute concentration out of the cell is lower concentration out of the cell is lower than in the cell (more Hthan in the cell (more H22O out of cell)O out of cell)

HH22O molecules rush into the cellO molecules rush into the cell Cell swells and can explode!Cell swells and can explode!

Isotonic solutionIsotonic solution: solute conc. is the : solute conc. is the same inside of the cell as outside of the same inside of the cell as outside of the cellcell

Equal amounts leave/enter the cell to Equal amounts leave/enter the cell to create homeostasiscreate homeostasis

Cell stays the same sizeCell stays the same size This is what they give you in an IV to This is what they give you in an IV to

rehydrate yourehydrate you

One more thing about One more thing about diffusion……….diffusion………. Facilitated diffusionFacilitated diffusion is when the plasma is when the plasma

membrane is selectively permeable—it membrane is selectively permeable—it is choosy about what it lets into the cellis choosy about what it lets into the cell

Channel protein does the choosingChannel protein does the choosing ““Regular” diffusion and osmosis do not Regular” diffusion and osmosis do not

involve the channel proteinsinvolve the channel proteins Still does not use EStill does not use E

Active TransportActive Transport

Cell uses E to actively bring Cell uses E to actively bring substances into the cell substances into the cell againstagainst the the concentration gradientconcentration gradient

Doesn’t matter if there is Doesn’t matter if there is MOREMORE of of that substance in the cell—if the cell that substance in the cell—if the cell wants more it uses E to get more!wants more it uses E to get more!

Plants use Plants use proton pumpsproton pumps to pump H to pump H atoms that are missing their electrons atoms that are missing their electrons (hence the name (hence the name ) through the internal ) through the internal membranes of mitochondria and membranes of mitochondria and chloroplasts for E production (Krebs cycle)chloroplasts for E production (Krebs cycle)

Animals use Animals use sodium-potassium pumpssodium-potassium pumps to to pump pump NaNa out of the cell and out of the cell and KK into the cell into the cell

NaNa bonds with a glucose molecule while it is bonds with a glucose molecule while it is outside and then is pumped back into the celloutside and then is pumped back into the cell

Glucose is released inside the cell and then Glucose is released inside the cell and then NaNa leaves on another trip through the pumpsleaves on another trip through the pumps

Nerve cells use the differences in Nerve cells use the differences in NaNa and and KK conc. Caused by these pumps to send signals conc. Caused by these pumps to send signals across the synapses thru-out the bodyacross the synapses thru-out the body

When food particles are too When food particles are too big to be brought thru the big to be brought thru the channel proteins, the cell will channel proteins, the cell will engulf the particleengulf the particle

This is called This is called endocytosis Pinocytosis is when a liquid is when a liquid

w/ dissolved molecules are w/ dissolved molecules are brought inbrought in

Exocytosis is how wastes are is how wastes are discharged from the cell in discharged from the cell in vacuoles; can also secrete vacuoles; can also secrete chemical products chemical products (hormones)(hormones)

Phagocytosis is when is when another cell or part of a cell is another cell or part of a cell is brought in; WBC “eat” brought in; WBC “eat” invading bacteria, or invading bacteria, or amoebas devour their prey in amoebas devour their prey in this mannerthis manner

Warm-up 10/12/11Warm-up 10/12/11

Teach the Teacher: What would Teach the Teacher: What would be the best way to motivate be the best way to motivate students in school?students in school?

Review: What are the Review: What are the macromolecules that make up macromolecules that make up cells (there are 4)cells (there are 4)

Learning Target: Eukaryotic cells Learning Target: Eukaryotic cells have what kind of things in it? have what kind of things in it?

Flash Card Flash Card

Osmosis Osmosis DiffusionDiffusion Phospholipid Phospholipid

bylayer bylayer Plasma Plasma

cell/membrane cell/membrane

Trash Basketball Trash Basketball

Which one is a Which one is a phospholipids? (makes phospholipids? (makes up the plasma up the plasma membrane)membrane)

Because the Because the phospholipids tails are phospholipids tails are hydrophobic the hydrophobic the plasma membrane plasma membrane looks like a looks like a

This does not require This does not require energy…energy…

This is the brain of the This is the brain of the cellcell

Diffusion is when a Diffusion is when a substance goes from a substance goes from a ____ to a _____ ____ to a _____ concentration concentration

What would be the What would be the solvent? solvent?

This organelle makes This organelle makes proteins proteins

Warm-up 10/13/11Warm-up 10/13/11

Teach the Teacher: If you could give a Teach the Teacher: If you could give a million dollars to a charity, what million dollars to a charity, what charity would you give it to? charity would you give it to?

Review: Name as many different parts Review: Name as many different parts of the inside of a cell as possibleof the inside of a cell as possible

Learning Targets: How osmosis and Learning Targets: How osmosis and diffusion worked in the egg lab, diffusion worked in the egg lab, different cells in the body, plant vs. different cells in the body, plant vs. animal cells animal cells

Flash card Flash card

On the front: On the front:

Ribosome Ribosome

On the Back: On the Back:

Circles of Circles of protein protein synthesis synthesis

Flash card Flash card

On the front: On the front:

Mitochondria Mitochondria

On the Back:On the Back:

Creates energy Creates energy for the cell for the cell (folded (folded membrane) membrane)