Wake-up
1. Which macromolecule functions in short term energy and structure?
1. Explain the difference between Benedict’s and Biuret’s.
Enzymes
Christopherson
Chemical Reaction
Occurs when bonds are broken or formed to create a new substance
Reactants Products
Metabolism
Sum of all chemical reactions in living things
Cell regulate chemical reactions through the use
of proteins called ENZYMES
Characteristics of Enzymes #1
Enzymes are BIOLOGICAL CATALYSTS
WHAT??????
What is a Catalyst?
Catalysts speed up chemical reactions
Ex: What do you do to help sugar dissolve faster in tea?
Example of Enzymes as Catalysts
Enzymes and Reactions
Characteristics of Enzymes #2
Enzymes are site specific
One enzyme = One job
How Enzymes Work*
What does this have to do with ME????? Who cares about enzymes?
Lactose is a Disaccharide (2 sugars)
found in milk
Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose
What does lactose get broken down into by lactase?
Fill in the following terms into the enzyme diagram below:
LactaseGlucoseLactose
Galactose
What’s happening in us?
What is Lactose Intolerance?Lactase is not
present to break down the lactose.
The sugar just builds up
inside.
What’s happening in us?
Effects of Lactose Intolerance*
Bloating, Pain/Cramps in Belly, Noise in Belly, Gas, Diarrhea
Lactose Intolerance Worldwide
Lactose Intolerance in Ethnic Groups
What to do if you are Lactose Intolerant?
Wake-up
1. Identify A, B, C, D, and E using the following terms: product, enzyme, substrate, enzyme-substrate complex
1. Explain a Biological Catalyst.
Environmental Effects on Enzymes
1. Temperature* • High
Temperatures can denature enzymes
• Denature means lose shape (active site).
Environmental Effects on Enzymes
1. Temperature • Low
Temperatures cause enzymes to move slowly
• Decreasing
enzyme activity
Environmental Effects on Enzymes
1. pH • Dramatic
changes in the pH of a solution can denature an enzyme
• Decreasing
enzyme activity
DigestionNerves
Digestion Papaya’s
Liver Lab: Formula
H2O2 H2O + O2Hydrogen peroxide Water Oxygen
Catalase: Liver
Label the following in diagram
What will happen when Hydrogen Peroxide is added to
Liver?