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Vortex Oil Study

Tender Summary

Issue Date: 19th October 2016

Client Document ID: Public Tender No’s 1-4

Fjords Reference Number: E14788-PD-001 Rev 00

Fjords Processing Ltd

Flotta, Stromness, Orkney, KW16 3NP, United Kingdom

Tel: (+44) 1856 702000 | www.fjordsprocessing.com

Registered in United Kingdom, registration no. 2816402 Confidential © 2016 Fjords Processing

Client

Vortex Oil Engineering S.A., Poland

Client Contact

Sergey Jakimov

Co-founder

E: [email protected]

T: +371 26354885

Contractor


Address: Flotta, Stromness, Orkney, KW16 3NP, UK.

for further information contact

Andrew Cromarty, Projects Engineer

E: [email protected]

T: +44 (0)1856 702007

The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary and is the property of Fjords Processing

Ltd and the document should be maintained in the strictest of confidence. Other than for the purposes of review or

evaluation, the contents must not be disclosed to any third party without the express and written approval of Fjords

Processing Ltd.

Rev Date Description Author Checked Approved

00 19/10/16 Vortex Oil Tender Summary AC MS EK

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Doc. No E14788-PD-001 Rev 00

Confidential © 2016 Fjords Processing October 2016

01

E14788 – Vortex Oil Study

Tender Summary

Contents

1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 2

2.0 Background and Capabilities ..................................................................................................................................... 3

2.1 Benefits from Utilising Fjords ..................................................................................................................................... 4

2.2 Previous Experience ................................................................................................................................................... 4

2.2.1 Fjords EOR Experience Summary ........................................................................................................................... 4

2.2.1.1 BP Schiehallion EOR Polymer Testing (2010) .................................................................................................... 4

2.2.1.2 EOR JIP (2011-2013) ........................................................................................................................................... 5

2.2.1.3 Statoil Peregrino PWT EOR Testing (2014) ......................................................................................................... 6

2.2.1.4 Cairn India ASP Pilot Fluids Characterisation Study (2014) .............................................................................. 6

2.2.1.5 BP Quad 204 EOR Hydrocyclone & CFU Testing (2016) .................................................................................... 6

2.2.1.6 EOR JIP Phase 3 – ASP Testing (2017) ............................................................................................................... 6

2.2.2 Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) ........................................................................................................................ 6

3.0 Vortex Oil Tender Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 8

3.1 Tender No. 1 ............................................................................................................................................................... 8

3.2 Tender No. 2 ............................................................................................................................................................. 10

3.3 Tender No. 3 ............................................................................................................................................................. 10

3.4 Tender No. 4 ............................................................................................................................................................. 11

4.0 Resources ................................................................................................................................................................. 14

5.0 HSEQ Management Systems ................................................................................................................................... 15

5.1 HSE ............................................................................................................................................................................ 15

5.2 QA / QC...................................................................................................................................................................... 16

6.0 Commercial & Schedule ........................................................................................................................................... 16

Appendix A – Public Tender Offer forms ........................................................................................................................... 17

Appendix B – Fjords Test Facility Services ....................................................................................................................... 30

Table 1 – Summary of Public Tender Documents ............................................................................................................. 2

Table 2 – Fjords Tender No. 1 Summary ............................................................................................................................ 8

Table 3 – Fjords Tender No. 2 Summary .......................................................................................................................... 10



Figure 1 – Fjords Processing Company Overview .............................................................................................................. 2

Figure 2 – Fjords Test Facility Overview ............................................................................................................................. 3

Figure 3 - Analytical images generated onsite ................................................................................................................... 4

Figure 4 - Fjords CFD Evaluation Examples ........................................................................................................................ 7

Figure 5 – Fjords Tender No. 1: Proposed Vortex Device EOR Trials Test Loop PFD ....................................................... 9

Figure 6 – Fjords Tender No. 4: Proposed Separation Trials Test Loop PFD ................................................................. 13

Doc. No E14788-PD-001 Rev 00


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1.0 Introduction

Fjords Processing Ltd. (Fjords) has been invited to participate in a public tender process for Vortex Oil Engineering

S.A. (Vortex Oil) in relation to carrying out research and development activities. There are four different tender

documents and the subject of each tender has been included below for reference:

Tender Tender Subject Summary

T1 Research on the efficiency of vortex effect in fine mixing of injection water with polymers. Possibility of

combination between two IOR methods - Vortex and polymer addition.

T2

Formulation of initial and boundary conditions for mathematical modelling of vortex impact on

injection water properties using flow modelling software;

To build mathematical models of vortex phenomenon and its impact on injection water with the use of

computational fluid dynamics;

To model water injection flows in particular designs of vortex devices;

To develop computational tools for design of various geometric parameters of components of vortex

devices;

To develop user interface, design algorithms and software package for computer aided design of

vortex devices.

T3

To simulate the behavioural pattern of the Vortex-modified fluid in the layer/formation, as compared

to the non-treated injection water;

Analysis of influence of changes in temperature, pressure as well as of dampening along the water

injection well on the properties of injection water processed with the use of vortex phenomenon;

Estimation of the average contamination rate of injection water;

Explanation of injection water behaviour in the oil formation.

T4 Research on the effect of vortex treatment on separability of water from oil after the extraction of fluid.

Table 1 – Summary of Public Tender Documents

At the date of tender submission, information provided by Vortex Oil is relatively high level; therefore, limited

commercial or schedule details can be included at this stage. However, this document aims to demonstrate that

Fjords have the necessary experience and capabilities, in order to undertake this study for Vortex Oil and would

welcome the opportunity to discuss this project in more detail in due course.

Due to the recent company changes, the following is a quick overview for clarity. Opus Maxim Ltd (OPUS) was

acquired by Aker Solutions ASA in late 2013 and some restructuring followed, with a split into two separate

companies; Aker Solutions ASA and the new oil services investment company, Akastor ASA. In September 2015,

Opus was officially rebranded as Fjords Processing Ltd, within Akastor ASA, as the historical overview further

illustrates in Figure 1. The changes have all been positive, with the added benefit of support within the wider Fjords

Processing network and an expanded technology portfolio and consultancy offering now available to our clients.

Figure 1 – Fjords Processing Company Overview

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2.0 Background and Capabilities

The test facility at Fjords, which was originally opened in 1988, was set up to support the development and testing

of full scale offshore water treatment and monitoring equipment. A wide range of industry projects has been

conducted since the facility was opened, covering almost every type of effluent treatment and monitoring

technology in use, either offshore or onshore. Work has been carried out for individual operators, equipment

vendors, NGO’s, research funders as well as consortiums of companies on a Joint Industry Project (JIP) basis.

Fjords provide a comprehensive resource for clients wishing to evaluate and validate a process technology. Our test

facilities enable us to demonstrate the effectiveness of the equipment under controlled conditions. Our clients want

confirmation of their investment decisions and the ability to assess technologies prior to purchase is extremely

valuable. Our technology validation services provide an objective means for testing individual pieces of equipment

and complete processes. Technology developers make use of our independent and confidential service for

performance testing of their products before introducing them to the market. Our test facilities have also been used

for product certification and aiding market promotion via independent trials.

Fjords provide highly adaptable processes that can be tailored to the requirements of each individual project and

the needs of the client. Fjords can vary all conditions throughout the testing to ensure that the technology is fully

evaluated, even when the aims of the project have changed during the test programme.

Fjords Chemistry Services have an international reach and employ the latest analytical instrumentation and

methods, so that you get the most accurate and reliable results. Fjords personnel are trained to the highest

standards and have an in-depth knowledge of their fields, including practical experience in offshore environments

to both international and local regulations and standards.

Fjords offer a wide range of services that can be tailored to meet your particular requirements, from a

comprehensive laboratory study to a one-of test, either at our facility on Flotta or your facility worldwide. Fjords

experienced chemists offer a range of oilfield chemistry services and consultancy. Our capabilities cover a wide

range of services from oil-in-water concentration to detailed Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) polymer analysis.

Fjords can provide analysis to support pilot scale testing or conduct detailed laboratory scale studies

A more detailed specification on our test facilities and laboratory facilities can be found in Appendix B.

Figure 2 – Fjords Test Facility Overview

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2.1 Benefits from Utilising Fjords

Fjords contribute specialist knowledge and understanding, gained over many years’ experience, to provide a

comprehensive testing service. Having this prior understanding, we can ensure clients optimise their budgets for

maximum return. A summary of the benefits of utilising Fjords test facility are as follows:

Actual or near field fluid conditions provide high confidence levels in technology testing.

Safe, trouble free discharge of effluent from the testing, allowing once through flow, maintaining consistent

feed operating parameters.

Provides enhanced security of investment, with the opportunity to verify performance and operating

envelopes before commitment to purchase.

A cost effective way of gaining comparative data on available technologies prior to selection.

On site heavy and medium crude oil ensures valid operating conditions and simplifies logistics and

safety/environmental aspects.

Confidentiality and security in results demanded by the Oil and Gas industry.

Expertise of the Fjords team provides added value, a versatile service to clients requiring performance

validation, product research or product development.

Extensive support facilities including analytical laboratories and equipment, fabrication workshop and

mechanical handling, providing a comprehensive resource.

Combined resources are fundamental to the Fjords approach, enabling us to offer a truly holistic solution.

Figure 3 - Analytical images generated onsite

2.2 Previous Experience

Fjords are ideally placed to undertake this study for Vortex Oil as we have completed numerous other similar types

of projects in recent years, as the following selection of recent projects demonstrates. We have focussed on our

recent Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) projects, as there are important crossovers with the requirements of the Vortex

Oil tenders and they also highlight the unique capabilities of the Fjords test facility.

2.2.1 Fjords EOR Experience Summary

A summary of the experience Fjords has built up in the field of EOR to date is provided below. This gives a brief

overview of all current and completed projects, along with any future planned or proposed projects. It

demonstrates the value major oil companies have and continue to place upon Fjords, with the success of previous

projects leading to new projects and more complex testing requirements. Fjords is now regarded as one of the

leading EOR R&D test facilities, with extensive testing carried out on bulk separation and PWT (Produced Water

Treatment) technologies, such as the Fjords CFU, Hydrocyclone, Mare’s Tail coalescer and other 3rd party vendors.

The EOR test loop has unique capabilities to create representative produced fluids for separation evaluation.

2.2.1.1 BP Schiehallion EOR Polymer Testing (2010)

Fjords conducted a series of tests for BP to investigate the suitability of their Schiehallion field for EOR and polymer

flooding in particular. BP understood the benefit of polymer flooding; however, the effect of back produced polymer

returning to the topside FPSO was unknown and the main objective of the testing was to simulate representative

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bulk fluids (with Schiehallion crude oil) in order to understand and evaluate the effect of polymer (SNF’s FLOPAAM

3630S) on separation.

An initial design stage utilised Fjords scaling methodologies to design the bulk separator and representative test

loop, to simulate produced polymer fluids. The test matrix was then developed in collaboration with BP to

investigate a range of fluid conditions and test parameters.

2.2.1.2 EOR JIP (2011-2013)

The EOR Joint Industry Project (JIP) was set up to investigate the effect of EOR on the separation efficiency of

produced fluids technologies and initially focused on HPAM (FLOPAAM 3630S) polymer flooding. The JIP

commenced in 2011 and originally consisted of 5 partners, which expanded to a total of 7 partners, as illustrated:

Phase 1 of the EOR JIP was completed in September 2013 and investigated the effect of HPAM (FLOPAAM 3630S)

polymer flooding, on produced fluids and separation technologies, with a medium crude (API 36) used throughout

the various test stages. The JIP structure was designed to be progressive in nature, whereby each part was used to

feed into the next, as outlined below:

Part A: Desk Study: Literature Review;

Theoretical Process & Technology Review;

Scaling & Testing Methodology.

Part B: Lab Trials: Preliminary Lab Trials;

Baseline Lab Trials;

Repeat Baseline & Demulsifier Lab Trials.

Part C: Field Scale Trials:

Bulk Separation Trials;

PWT 1 Hydrocyclone Trials;

PWT 2 Fjords CFU Trials;

PWT 3 CoalesSense Trials.

The JIP began with a desk study literature review to provide a comprehensive understanding of current EOR

technologies/methodologies and to build upon completed work rather than repeating work unnecessarily. The desk

study also consisted of a theoretical process review, a technology / concept review and finally the scaling and

testing methodology section. The main outcome was the identification of separation technologies suitable for

testing and the design of a test loop in order to simulate representative test fluids to meet the different fluid

conditions and test parameters required for investigation within the test programme.

Prior to the field-scale trials, detailed laboratory trials were carried out to provide analytical and baseline

information on the separability of the fluids at all of the proposed test conditions. The results of laboratory trials

were then used to help establish the test conditions for the field scale trials.

The field scale trials involved a comprehensive investigation into the effect of polymer on bulk separation and

various PWT technologies. Extensive installation and commissioning phases ensured representative test fluids

were created in order to evaluate separation performance. Each test phase was carried out in conjunction with the

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JIP partners and following the initial baseline test matrix, the effect of varying different parameters, such as:

temperature, shear / polymer degradation, use of production chemicals and varying residence times were

investigated. Following the ground breaking work completed during Phase 1, all of the JIP partners were in full

agreement to extend the JIP.

Phase 2 of the EOR JIP has also been completed; the primary objective of which was to extend the testing

programmes from Phase 1 to investigate the impact of heavier crude oil (API 19) on polymer produced fluids

separation. The laboratory trials were extended to include the heavier crude and to optimise some of the analysis

methods, following the Phase 1 findings. The Phase 2 bulk separation and PWT trials expanded the extensive

knowledge already gathered with the Fjords CFU and hydrocyclone technologies and back produced polymer fluids.

2.2.1.3 Statoil Peregrino PWT EOR Testing (2014)

As an extension to the EOR JIP, Statoil instructed Fjords to carry out additional PWT testing with their Peregrino

crude in order to evaluate the suitability of their current PWT treatment process for polymer produced fluids.

Laboratory trials and PWT trials (Fjords hydrocyclone & CFU) were similar to the EOR JIP; however, the scope was

extended to include chemical degradation of polymer and potential mitigation options. Statoil’s commitment to

further testing verified the high quality of the EOR JIP and the value placed on Fjords’ EOR experience.

2.2.1.4 Cairn India ASP Pilot Fluids Characterisation Study (2014)

Cairn India became aware of the EOR JIP and contacted Fjords to carry out a Fluids Characterisation study on site,

to coincide with their pilot ASP flooding and back production. The study utilised some of the specialist analytical

techniques developed during the EOR JIP and applied them to live fluids in the field, with the evaluation of the

results forming the basis for recommendations for further study and process upgrade options.

2.2.1.5 BP Quad 204 EOR Hydrocyclone & CFU Testing (2016)

Following the EOR Joint Industry Project (EOR JIP) and the previous BP Schiehallion EOR Bulk Separation Trials in

2010, BP requested additional EOR testing with Schiehallion crude oil stored at the Fjords Processing (Fjords) Test

Facility.

The focus of this work was produced water treatment with Hydrocyclone testing and additional CFU testing as the

next stage of the Quad 204 EOR project, which is a joint venture between BP, Shell and OMV. The objective of the

trials was to measure the impact of polymer on hydrocyclone and CFU performance at varying operational

parameters and feed conditions.

2.2.1.6 EOR JIP Phase 3 – ASP Testing (2017)

Phase 3 is yet to be confirmed but all of the existing JIP partners have indicated a desire to extend the JIP into

Phase 3, with ASP testing being the likely direction. This is testament to the success of the EOR JIP and highlights

the continued involvement of Fjords Processing, at the forefront of EOR R&D.

2.2.2 Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

CFD has become an integral part of the engineering design and analysis environment of many companies because

of its ability to predict the performance of new designs or processes before they are ever manufactured or

implemented. Fjords prides itself in being able to leverage the full capabilities of the software available to be able

to solve even the most complex flow problems on behalf of our clients. We have extensive experience in modelling

multiphase flow behaviours for the oil and gas industry which we apply in conjunction with our other capabilities to

provide our clients with a customer experience that they appreciate and respect.

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Fjords have evaluated all types of technologies and vessels utilising CFD, with some of the more relevant images of

Hydrocyclone deoiling technologies illustrated below, which show some complex vortex evaluations.

Figure 4 - Fjords CFD Evaluation Examples

The CFD code utilised by Fjords is Star-CCM+, which applies the robust meshing algorithms built into this software

to generate structured grids around inherently complicated geometries. This permits modelling with ease in a time

efficient manner. The Star-CCM+ software predicts what will happen, quantitatively, when fluids flow through a

defined space and the range of physical models that can be considered as part of an analysis is

extensive. Multiphase flows, compressible flows, fluid structure interactions, combustion, convective and radiative

heat transfer and aero/hydro-acoustics can all be simulated from within this single operating environment. This

makes Star-CCM+ a very powerful modelling tool when it is placed in the right hands.

The geometry is created using 3D CAD modelling software and is then imported into Star-CCM+ for mesh

generation, problem set up, problem solving and post processing. Quality processes are adhered to ensure

accurate simulation activities and where possible we always prefer validate CFD results against physical test or field

data or at the very least theoretical assessment.

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3.0 Vortex Oil Tender Summary

Fjords confirm that they have the relevant capabilities and experience to undertake all four Public Tenders and

Fjords will largely conduct the work in-house, in the UK. The key personnel will have been involved with many of the

previous similar projects (see Section 4.0 for more information on Key Personnel). In addition, Fjords Processing is

a global company, having offices in fifteen countries on five continents. Some office regions have specialised

knowledge areas and Fjords UK would utilise this wide knowledge base to fill any potential gaps for this study.

Fjords also collaborate with various external suppliers where necessary, such as SNF Floerger, who we have an

excellent working relationship with, having collaborated closely with them on many previous EOR projects.

Each Public Tender will now be discussed in more detail within the following sub-sections and the signed Public

Tender offer forms can be found within Appendix A.

3.1 Tender No. 1

Fjords Tender No. 1 has been summarised in Table 2 and the phased approach builds upon the recent successful

EOR projects. The proposed test loop PFD is shown in Figure 5 and builds upon our previous EOR test loops, with

some improvements made in terms of controlling each phase and operation of the test loop in general.

Fjords Tender No. 1 Summary Value

(EUR)

Phase 1 – Project Planning, including:

General project management, procurement and planning.

Confirm test matrix with Vortex Oil and clarify the most important variables to investigate initially,

e.g. flowrate, temperature, pressure, oil concentration, polymer concentration & salinity.

Confirm test loop design with respect to the test loop requirements.

Health & Safety assessment and work pack creation, prior to installation etc.

Phase 2 – Installation, including:

Test loop installation, as per the confirmed design and HSE requirements.

Phase 3 – Commissioning, including:

General test loop commissioning;

Water phase / polymer injection commissioning;

Crude oil dosing commissioning and verification (including Oil in Water (OIW) calibration);

Vortex Oil device operation and commissioning.

Phase 4 – Testing, including:

Base case testing, as per the confirmed test matrix (TBC).

Sensitivity Cases, as per expected field conditions (TBC) and potentially including:

Varied flowrate (low, medium, high);

Varied temperature (low, medium, high);

Pressure (low, medium, high);

OIW concentration (low, medium, high);

Polymer concentration (low, medium, high);

Salinity (seawater and reduced salinity).

Phase 5 – Decommissioning, including:

Test loop decommissioning and waste disposal.

Phase 6 – Reporting, including:

Data collation and final report.

195,000

Table 2 – Fjords Tender No. 1 Summary

Doc. No E14788-PD-001 Rev 00


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SP 2

P2

SP 1

Buffer TankCrude Oil

InjectionOIW Analyser

Water Phase

(TBC)

Booster Pump

( ~ 6m³ /hr @ 50-60 BAR)

F

Flow Meter

Vortex Device Bypass

VORTEX

DEVICE

Control

Valve

To Drain

P1

(TBC)

Polymer

Mother

Solution

Treated

Seawater

(ambient)

Polymer Powder

Booster Pump

Polymer

Shear Valve

Control

Valve

Figure 5 – Fjords Tender No. 1: Proposed Vortex Device EOR Trials Test Loop PFD

Doc. No E14788-PD-001 Rev 00


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The test matrix will be developed in conjunction with Vortex Oil, as the priority for each test parameter and also the

range of variation required is not yet known in sufficient detail to create a detailed test matrix. Therefore, as a point

of reference, this tender has been priced based upon an assumption that 5 days commissioning and 20 days

testing will be required. Once the final scope of the test matrix is confirmed, the duration of the test programme

can be more accurately assessed and the pricing will be amended accordingly.

3.2 Tender No. 2


CFD projects. Further discussion will be required with Vortex Oil to formalise a more detailed scope of work prior to

commencing the project.


(EUR)

Phase 1 - Development of the baseline CFD model based on existing known design parameters, including:

Creation of CFD geometry including generation of the computational mesh.

Application of appropriate numerical algorithms to account for the hydro-acoustic phenomena

produced by the device due to the highly anisotropic rotating flow field.

Setting of the boundary conditions for a baseline design flow case.

Solving for the baseline case.

Analysis of the results of the baseline case and validation against physical testing data in order to

confirm the suitability of the numerical approach adopted.

Phase 2 - Determination of Key Design Parameters, including:

Modification of the baseline design geometry to determine the sensitivity of the design to key

geometrical parameters.

Modelling of various designs at different injection water flow rates.

Initial generation of mathematical models to predict device performance based upon key design

parameters of the device.

Phase 3 - Development of Design Documentation, including:

Development of an Excel based sizing tool incorporating design algorithms established from the

CFD analysis (validated by physical modelling).

Detailed reporting of the complete CFD analysis work undertaken.

A design manual explaining how the vortex device is designed and incorporating a user manual for

the sizing tool.

175,000


3.3 Tender No. 3

Fjords Tender No. 3 has been summarised in Table 4 and the phased approach builds upon recent successful flow

assurance projects. Further discussion will be required with Vortex Oil to formalise a more detailed scope of work

prior to commencing the project.

Doc. No E14788-PD-001 Rev 00


11


(EUR)

Phase 1 - Development of baseline flow assurance model based on existing design parameters, including:

Building of the model based on a sample re-injection system.

Analysis of the system for non-treated injection water and assessment of the average

contamination rate of the injection water.

Prediction of the injection water behaviour for this non-treated case in the oil formation.

Phase 2 - Determine the effect of treated injection water on the layer/formation, including:

Implementation of appropriate algorithms into the baseline model to account for the hydro-

acoustic phenomena provided by the vortex device.

Determination of the sensitivity of different parameters to the properties of the injection water

with respect to temperature, pressure and dampening along the injection well.

Estimation of the influence of the vortex device on the contamination rate of the injection water,

compared against the baseline model with non-treated injection water.

Prediction of the injection water behaviour in the oil formation taking into account the influence of

the vortex device.

Phase 3 - Detailed reporting of the findings of the study, including:

The scope of the study applied.

The numerical approach applied to account for the hydro-acoustic phenomena.

The results of the investigations.

Conclusions of the study with respect to the performance of the vortex device.

Recommendations for further study.

195,000


3.4 Tender No. 4


EOR projects. The proposed test loop PFD is shown in Figure 6Figure 5 and builds upon our previous EOR test

loops, with some improvements made in terms of controlling each phase and operation of the test loop in general.

The test matrix will be developed in conjunction with Vortex Oil, as the priority for each test parameter and also the

range of variation required is not yet known in sufficient detail to create a detailed test matrix. Therefore, as a point

of reference, this tender has been priced based upon an assumption that 5 days commissioning and 20 days

testing will be required. Once the final scope of the test matrix is confirmed, the duration of the test programme

can be more accurately assessed and the pricing will be amended accordingly.

Doc. No E14788-PD-001 Rev 00


12


(EUR)

Phase 1 – Project Planning, including:

General project management, procurement and planning.

Confirm test matrix with Vortex Oil and clarify the most important variables to investigate

initially, e.g. flowrate, temperature, pressure, water cut, polymer concentration and salinity.

Confirm test loop design with respect to the test loop requirements.

Health & Safety assessment and work pack creation, prior to installation etc.

Phase 2 – Installation, including:

Test loop installation, as per the confirmed design and HSE requirements.

Phase 3 – Commissioning, including:

General test loop commissioning;

Bulk oil phase / water phase / polymer injection commissioning (TBC);

Bulk separator operation and commissioning;

Vortex Oil device operation and commissioning.

Phase 4 – Testing, including:

Base case testing, as per the confirmed test matrix (TBC).

Sensitivity Cases, as per expected field conditions (TBC) and potentially including:

Varied flowrate (low, medium, high);

Varied temperature (low, medium, high);

Pressure (low, medium, high)

Varied water cut (low, medium, high);

Polymer concentration (low, medium, high);

Salinity (seawater and reduced salinity).

Phase 5 – Decommissioning, including:

Test loop decommissioning and waste disposal.

Phase 6 – Reporting, including:

Data collation and final report.

195,000


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Crude Oil

Buffer Tank

Heat Exchanger

TBC⁰CCrude Oil Pump

1 - 10m³/hr

P1

Nitrogen

Supply

SP 2

T1

T2

P2

SP 1

Test Separator

Vent to external

(T-2)

SP 5(T-1)

(T-3)(T-4)(T-5)(T-6)(T-7)(T-8)

Bulk Oil

Feed

Vane type

inlet device

Liquid Level Measurement

SP 3SP 4

WIO Analyser

WIO AnalyserOIW Analyser

Control

Valve

Produced Water

Skimmer Tank

Vortex

Breakers

Control

Valve

Water Phase

(TBC)

Booster Pump

( ~ 6m³ /hr @ 50-60 BAR)

F

Flow Meter

Vortex Device Bypass

VORTEX

DEVICE

Control

Valves

Turbine

Flow Meter

Shear Valve

(up to 20 bar dP)

Oil Phase Recycle(to buffer tank)

Figure 6 – Fjords Tender No. 4: Proposed Separation Trials Test Loop PFD

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4.0 Resources

All aspects of the work will be carried out by highly experienced and specialised personnel who have been involved

in similar previous projects. The individual discipline leads are summarised in the following table, with additional

profiles of key personnel available on request:

Name Position Responsibility

Glen McLellan VP Field Optimisation Services Company General Manager.

Mark Seator Field Services & Testing Manager Management of the Projects team.

Colin Dow Lead Process Engineer Management of the Process team.

Chris Henderson Senior Chemist Management of the Chemistry team.

John Kingsbury Construction & Design Manager Management of the Design team.

Tim Newton Lead Flow Analyst Supervisor of CFD activities

Andrew Cromarty Projects Engineer Project Management

Brian Groat Operations Engineer Management of the Operations team.

MARK SEATOR – FIELD SERVICES & TESTING MANAGER

Mark has extensive experience in the project management and undertaking of process equipment evaluation, site

services and consultancy work for a diverse range of multi-national clients within the oil and gas, process and water

treatment industries. Main responsibilities include management and control of all technical, time and financial

aspects of the projects including reporting. Marks areas of expertise include the assessment and optimisation of

separation technology performance and the modelling of 3 phase separation systems using Physical Modelling at

the Fjords test facility on Flotta.

COLIN DOW – LEAD PROCESS ENGINEER

Colin is a Chartered Chemical engineer with over 18 years’ experience of working in the process industries in the

UK, working for 5 years at Rohm and Haas and 7 years at GSK before joining Fjords. During his career Colin has

held various roles in process design and operations for a diverse range of production, separation and

water/effluent treatment processes.

At Fjords, Colin is responsible for reviewing, optimising and designing complete separation systems, including bulk

separation, produced water treatment and gas handling processes. He is heavily involved in technology

development and has been responsible for the process support for all of the recent EOR projects.

CHRIS HENDERSON – SENIOR CHEMIST

Chris has 20 years of experience as an oilfield chemist, working in both the reservoir and production sides of the oil

and gas industry. At Fjords Chris has worked on projects that have involved characterisation of produced fluids at

different stages of the production/treatment process to assess and optimise production efficiency and

environmental performance. Chris is responsible for the chemistry input into a wide range of projects for Fjords,

ranging from onshore laboratory studies to offshore fluids characterisation, emulsion separability and process

optimisation studies through to BAT/BEP assessments, whole effluent toxicity studies and technology development

in Fjords large scale test facility. Chris has been involved in all of Fjords EOR projects to date.

JOHN KINGSBURY – DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION MANAGER

John has had over 30 years of Mechanical Design experience including a number of years at BP’s Sunbury

Research Centre for 4 years. John is responsible for the design team within Fjords, producing engineered solutions



15

for separation packages, from conceptual design, fabrication and subcontractor management through to offshore

installation and commissioning. John has a wealth of hands on experience of the design and optimisation of

separation packages that will be invaluable to a project of this kind.

TIM NEWTON – LEAD FLOW ANALYST

Tim has experience in the application of CFD to the analysis of various multi-phase process equipment such as

separators, degassers, scrubbers, CFU’s and other produced water handling equipment. He has utilised CFD

extensively in both academia and in the working environment. Prior to joining Fjords, Tim worked for Zeta Dynamics

as a CFD engineer undertaking analyses of separation systems for oil and gas clients in the energy sector. Upon

joining Fjords, Tim set up and now coordinates the company's in house CFD capability in conjunction with the other

business operations, being the main focal point for all of the CFD activities undertaken by the company whether on

client based projects or in house R&D. Tim is an advanced user of both Fluent and Star-CCM+, the two leading CFD

codes within the industry. Tim also supports the process engineering team and is the Quality Management

Representative for Fjords London.

ANDREW CROMARTY –PROJECTS ENGINEER

Andrew has extensive experience in EOR project management and undertaking process equipment evaluation, site

services and consultancy work for a diverse range of clients within the oil and gas, process and water treatment

industries. Main responsibilities include preparing and costing projects, also report and control of technical, time

and financial aspects of the projects. Andrew is also extensively involved with carrying out project work in the

specialist test facilities at Fjords Processing base and at client’s offshore and onshore installations. Andrew has

project managed the majority of Fjords EOR projects to date.

BRIAN GROAT – OPERATIONS ENGINEER

Brian has over 35 years’ experience in the marine/industrial maintenance and latterly in inspection, commissioning

and upgrade engineering of process equipment, site services and consultancy work for a diverse range of clients

within the oil and gas, process and water treatment industries. Main responsibilities include supervision of the

Flotta site operations and maintenance teams including all service facilities such as the plant base train and

ecotoxicology hatchery equipment. Brian has developed a lead role in assembly work for offshore separator and

degasser vessel upgrades. As part of this reporting and control of technical, time and financial aspects of the

projects must be adhered to. Onsite work extends to responsibilities in R&D including technology and service

development which primarily lies within the company’s CFU scaled test units, Visual Dynamic Modelling and the

Mare’s Tail coalescer technology. Depending on onsite client testing, a wide range of test conditions must be

designed and installed which satisfy client specifications, facility infrastructure limitations and HSE requirements.

5.0 HSEQ Management Systems

5.1 HSE

It is the intention of Fjords to create and maintain a healthy, safe and secure working environment for all staff,

wherever they work, and for visitors to the company’s premises. Fjords shall also endeavour to minimise any

impact on the environment which may arise through the company’s activities.

To achieve these objectives Fjords complies with current UK HSE legislation and operates a Safety Management

System (SMS). The SMS covers System overview manual, policies/statements, risk assessment, manual handling,

hand/arm vibration, personal protective equipment (PPE), working at height, lone working, COSHH (control of

substances hazardous to health), display screen equipment, auditing, accidents/incidents, emergency response,

permit to work, health surveillance, lifting operations and equipment, control of noise, expectant mothers, fire

detection systems, first aid and inductions/training.



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As part of risk assessment procedures, Fjords have a number of controls in place for test work such as this project

whereby potential for oil spills/pollution are minimised or removed where possible including spill kits and response

procedures. Specific details can be conveyed upon request. In addition, with the Fjords facility being located on an

oil terminal, Fjords are subject to tight environmental regulations and inspections imposed by the duty holder of the

terminal, who aims to surpass governmental environmental legislation standards.

In the event of more stringent standards being required by any client for whom we carry out services, then these will

be adhered to for all operations related to that project. All employees will be provided with the necessary

information, training, supervision and equipment required in order to perform their work safely, with due regard to

the safety of any other people who may be affected by our activities and for the protection of the environment.

Fjords will encourage all staff to be aware of HSE issues and will provide facilities for their concerns to be fully and

openly expressed. Fjords will aim to continually improve its HSE performance by the management and review

arrangements set out in the HSE manual.

The Directors and managers of Fjords give their full support to these principles and their implementation. Further

details on HSE records such as incident history can be issued to Clearview if requested.

5.2 QA / QC

Fjords quality management system has been registered by National Quality Assurance Ltd under the provisions of

BS EN ISO 9001:2008 and will be applied to this project in the event of an order. The current Quality System has

been appraised by offshore operating oil companies and found to meet their requirements. Fjords also operate a

separate Quality Management System, namely Good Laboratory Practice (GLP), in their Flotta laboratories. This

scheme is administered by the Department of Health in the UK.

The project will follow the ISO 9001:2008 requirements and specifically through the Fjords Quality Management

System (QMS) which is made up of a number of standard operating procedures (SOPs) and standard forms (SFs)

where applicable to the project activities. The QMS also enforces both internal and external auditing activities to

check the required high standards are being maintained through all aspects of Fjords activities. Samples of these

systems can be forwarded upon request. The auditing and general performance assessments carried out at Fjords

feed directly into an annual performance review to allow managers to address areas of weakness and improve

effectiveness.

Suppliers to Fjords are assessed on their ability to meet quality requirements and are obliged to operate a QA

system in accordance with the international standard and a dedicated quality plan that reflects key activities and

contractual obligations. Copies of our QA and GLP certificates and our company Quality Manual Index can be

provided on request.

6.0 Commercial & Schedule

Each tender has been priced based upon the maximum workload that we can envisage, which will allow a thorough

and detailed study to be carried out for each tender. As already discussed, the test matrix (for tender 1 and 4 in

particular) will need to be developed in conjunction with Vortex Oil and the current price f has been estimated,

based upon 5 days commissioning and 20 days testing. Once the final scope of the test matrix is confirmed, the

duration of the test programme can be more accurately assessed and the pricing would be amended accordingly.

Following project award and the creation of a detail work plan, the project schedule will be confirmed, due to the

number of clarifications required at this stage.

Payment terms can be discussed in due course, but projects of this size and nature will require staged payments,

with payment times on 30 days from invoice.



17

Appendix A – Public Tender Offer forms

Public Tender No. 1 - Offer Form






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Appendix B – Fjords Test Facility Services

© 2014 Fjords Processing www.fjordsprocessing.com

Testing Services by Fjords Processing

The assurance of performance

© 2014 Fjords Processing

Fjords Processing Test Facility

We provide unique, a versatile once through

testing service, to enable you to develop,

optimise and quantify produced water and

separation technologies at field conditions.

The test facility at Flotta in the UK was

opened in 1988 to support the

development and testing of full scale

offshore process equipment. Since

opening, the company has

established as an internationally

recognised facility specialising in

effluent treatment and water

handling, with 3-phase separation and

electrostatics capabilities having been

added in 2016.

Our facility is very unique, having the

capabilities to operate on a

continuous once through basis

ensuring that the feed conditions are

constant and not effected by

recirculated test fluids. Our state of

the art facilities are combined with

experienced process engineers and

chemists onsite to evaluate the

technology at every step in the

process.


Capabilities Technology Optimisation We provide highly adaptable processes that can be tailored to the requirements of each

individual project and clients needs. We can vary all conditions throughout the testing to

ensure that the technology is fully evaluated, even when the aims of the project have changed

during the test programme. Most of the major oil companies and main process technology

developers have used our test services at some point for the development of technology,

either individually or collectively under Joint Industry Projects (JIPs).

Technology Validation We provide a comprehensive resource for clients wishing to evaluate and validate a process

technology. Our test facilities enable us to demonstrate the effectiveness of the equipment

under controlled conditions. Our clients want confirmation of their investment decisions and

the ability to assess technologies prior to purchase is extremely valuable. Our technology

validation services provide an objective means for testing individual pieces of equipment and

complete processes. Technology developers make use of our independent and confidential

service for performance testing of their products before introducing them to the market. Our

test facilities have also been used for product certification and aiding market promotion via

independent trials.

Oilfield Chemistry Services Our experienced chemists offer a range of oilfield chemistry services and consultancy. Our

capabilities cover a wide range of services from oil-in-water concentration to detailed

Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) polymer analysis. We can provide analysis to support pilot scale

testing or conduct detailed laboratory scale studies.


Benefits of utilising our Test Facility The unique facility on Flotta provides a controllable test

bed that simulates offshore fluids in an onshore safe

environment and on a unique once basis.


www.fjordsprocessing.com

• Actual or near field fluid conditions provide high

confidence levels in technology testing.

• Safe, trouble free discharge of effluent from the

testing, allowing once through flow, maintaining

consistent feed operating parameters.

• Provides enhanced security of investment, with the

opportunity to verify performance and operating

envelopes before commitment to purchase.

• A cost effective way of gaining comparative data on

available technologies prior to selection.

• On site heavy and medium crude oil ensures valid

operating conditions and simplifies logistics and

safety/environmental aspects.

• Confidentiality and security in results demanded by

the Oil and Gas industry.

• Expertise of the Fjords team provides added

value, a versatile service to clients requiring

performance validation, product research or

product development.

• Extensive support facilities including analytical

laboratories and equipment, fabrication workshop

and mechanical handling, providing a

comprehensive resource.

• Combined resources are fundamental to the

Fjords approach that enables us to offer clients a

truly holistic solution.

The benefits of our facility are summarised as follows:

We contribute specialist knowledge and

understanding, gained over many years

experience, to provide a comprehensive

testing service. Having this prior

understanding, we can ensure clients

optimise their budgets for maximum

return.


Specification A central indoor test hall of 640m2 with additional

outdoor test area, offices and laboratories.

The following summarises the standard capabilities:



• Seawater to 20,000 BWPD as either raw seawater, filtered to

specification, and/or deaerated on a continuous throughput basis.

• Oily water simulation to 10,000 BWPD

• Freshwater to 5,000 BWPD

• Bulk oil to 4,000 BOPD

• Once through or closed loop processing

• Numerous thermal fluid heater systems up to 90°C

• Remote operation & control automation

• Pressure, flow & temperature control & monitoring

• Controllable solids mixing vessels and injection packages

• Controllable oil & chemical dosing packages

• Controllable oil droplet size, including sub 4 µm at over 2000mg/l

oil concentration

• Polymer & alkali surfactant polymer mixing vessels and injection

packages

• Inert gas (nitrogen) & compressed air supplies

• Electrical power in single and three phase

• Disposal of used liquids & chemicals

• Outdoor test and bunded storage area.

• Onsite fabrication, workshops & stores, with 5m high access

• On site laboratory and office support of over 450 m2


Technology Optimisation & Evaluation Oil & Gas technologies have changed over the years along with the industry itself. With

companies having to work harder for there money so are the technologies. Where 20

years ago we would have been testing deoiling hydrocyclones and horizontal IGF’s we are

now seeing a new generation of technologies that have to be more compact, more robust,

subsea compatible and suitable for enhanced oil recovery fluids. To cater for this, we have

not only invested in our test facilities and laboratories but in our engineers and chemists

to ensure we can deliver a world-class service program to our client’s in the most realistic

oilfield conditions in the most economical manner.

Some of the technologies we have tested at our facility on Flotta include:



• De-oiling and pre-separation hydrocyclones

• Membrane, media and self cleaning filters

systems

• Horizontal and vertical IGF technologies

• Compact separation vessels

• Online and offline oil in water monitoring

technologies

• Laboratory oil in water analysers

• Oil droplet size measuring technologies

• Coalescing technologies

• Separator internals, including numerous inlet

devices, baffling, plate packs etc.

• Motion vessel internals

• Slug catchers

• De-aerators

• Solids cyclones

• Other sand removal systems, both internal to

vessels and external

• Back-produced EOR and ASP fluid handling

technologies

• Reduced shear / coalescing valves

• Electrostatic coalescing technologies

• Various polishing stage technologies

• Subsea separation vessels

• Numerous novel technologies that have never

progressed into the market


Physical Modelling In addition to the digital environment of Computational Fluids Dynamics (CFD), which we

also offer, our flow loops at Flotta enables Physical Modelling of a wide range of process

challenges, under various fluid conditions allowing determination of the best process

solutions. One area that we are commonly asked to investigated is in the performance of

separator vessels.



The theoretical design for a separator vessel does not in itself produce an optimum

separator performance due to the potential for non-ideal flow patterns and dynamic

behaviour within the separator. Therefore, to develop a suitable overall separator design

the techniques of Physical Modelling, often combined CFD, are utilised to convert a

theoretical design into one which has a hydraulic efficiency as close to the ideal as

possible.


Oilfield Chemistry Services

Oil Analysis:

Emulsion Studies:

• Fluids Separability;

• Influence of Temperature;

• Effect of Chemicals.

Oil Characterisation:

• Water-in-Oil (WIO) Content;

• Water-in-Oil (WIO) Droplet Size;

• Density & Viscosity;

• Bulk Fluids Solids Content;

• Wax Appearance Temperature

(WAT);

• Pour Point;

• Saturates, Aromatics, Resins &

Asphaltenes (SARA).

Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)

Polymer & Alkali Surfactant Polymer

(ASP) Testing:

• Interfacial Tension;

• Surfactant Partitioning;

• Polymer Solution Rheology;

• Molecular Weight Determination;

• Polymer Concentration Analysis.

MEG Separability Testing

• Effect of MEG on Oil-Water

Separation;

• Purpose Built Test Column;

• Multiple Sample Points to assess

Oil/Water Quality.

Produced Water Analysis

Oil-in-Water (OIW) Analysis:

• IR & UV Fluorescence

Spectroscopy.

Water Chemistry Analysis e.g.,:

• Alkalinity;

• Total & Dissolved Iron;

• Dissolved Oxygen.

Ion Analysis:

• Anions & Cations.

Dissolved hydrocarbon analysis:

• BTEX;

• Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH);

• Organic (Fatty) Acids.

Oil Droplet Size & Solids Particle Size

Analysis:

• ViPA (Online);

• Malvern Insitec Particle Sizer

(Online);

• Malvern Mastersizer 3000E

(Offline).

Total Suspended Solids Content (TSS);

• Online & Batch Solids Sampling.

Solids Characterisation:

• SEM/EDS;

• XRD;

• FTIR.

Microbiological Analysis (e.g., Sulphate

Reducing Bacteria).

Whole Effluent Assessment / Toxicity

Analysis.

Our experienced chemists offer a range of oilfield chemistry services and

consultancy support, both offshore and in our own laboratories on Flotta.


Oilfield Chemistry Services A well executed laboratory study can be a cost effective tool to

progress from the theoretical to the practical solution. Do you have a

potential solution for a process, or an idea for a technology and want to

evaluate what may or may not happen? Then let our chemistry service

be your resource to bridge the knowledge gaps and verify your idea.

Why use us?

Our Chemistry Services have an international reach

and employ the latest analytical instrumentation and

methods, so that you get the most accurate and

reliable results. Our expert staff are trained to the

highest standards and have an in-depth knowledge

of their fields, including practical experience in

offshore environments to both international and local

regulations and standards.

We offer a wide range of services that can be tailored

to meet your particular requirements, from a

comprehensive laboratory study to a one-of test,

either at our facility on Flotta or your facility

worldwide. Our services team will be able to advise

what is best for you.

Our quality management system is ISO 9001/2008

certified.

Enhanced Oil Recovery Study

Our services team recently undertook a Joint Industry

Project with BP, Shell, Statoil, Total, Wintershall,

Conoco Phillips & Enquest to look at the effects of

back produced polymer on bulk separation and then

produced water (PW) technologies. An upfront

detailed lab study ensured that the forthcoming bulk

and PW technology trials were conducted at

representative conditions to that found in the field.

Since starting in the EOR field in 2010 our

knowledge and understanding of the polymers and

the effects on oil and water have grown

exponentially.

In recent years we have invested in our laboratories infrastructure, state of the

art equipment and also our people.


Training Based on our vast experience with technologies and processes that covers almost all

process areas in the Oil & Gas industry we are ideally placed to pass on this knowledge in

a format that suits your needs. Our worldwide training programs ensure that your

operations meet the highest performance and safety standards.



Our most reputed training courses include:

• Hydrate Inhibition Technology (HIT™)/MEG unit

• Triethylene Glycol Regenerative Gas Dehydration Systems (TEG)

• Sulphate removal and seawater treatment

• Gravity separation with options of internals design, fabrication & hands-on installation

• Electrostatic coalescing & Desalter

• Fired Heaters

• Produced water and sand & solid treatment

• Heavy oil

• On-site production, process, operations, maintenance & troubleshooting

Our customized training programs include:

• Real field data analyses and optimization of equipment delivered by Fjords Processing or others

• Conceptual design workshops tailored to a particular green or brownfield application

• Case study with full visualization utilizing live laboratory & CFD simulations

• Programs to incorporate key equipment suppliers or specialist guest speakers

• Collaboration with universities and technology centres to expand and enhance our offerings

To maximize the depth of specialist-to-specialist exchange, we adapt our programs to

meet the specific needs of our customers.

All our programs include a balanced presentation of all technologies available, including

the latest developments and trends in the market. Environmental regulations and safety

hazards are also addressed.


Contact our Testing Services in Orkney, or

one of our worldwide hubs.

Fjords Processing locations worldwide

Contacts for Services

For enquiries please contact

[email protected]

Visit us also on



The assurance of performance

United Kingdom

Frimley / London Orkney


Visiting and postal address:

Suite 5, Building 4.3, Frimley 4 Business Park

Frimley, Surrey GU16 7SG, United Kingdom

Phone: +44 (0)1276 697050

[email protected]



Flotta, Stromness, Orkney, KW16 3NP, United Kingdom

Phone: (+44) 1856 702000

Fax: (+44) 1856 701473

[email protected]

Aberdeen



214 Union Street, Aberdeen,

AB10 1TL, United Kingdom

Phone: +44 (0)1224 796529

[email protected]