VOLCANO

VOLCANISM: ► Is a volcanic action or activity wherein the eruption of magma onto the surface and the volcanic gases through a break in the surface called a vent. Wherein magma from the mantle rises through its crust and form volcanic rock on the surface.

TYPES of VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS:

● Hawaiian Eruption=) fluid basaltic lava is thrown into the air in jets from a vent on the flank of a volcano.

Strombolian Eruption:

● Distinct bursts of fluid lava from the mouth of a magma-filled summit conduit.

Vulcanian Eruption:

● Is a short, violent, relatively small explosion of viscous magma.

Plinian Eruption:

● The largest and most violent of all types of volcanic eruption

Lava Domes:

● Form when viscous, rubbly lava is squeezed out of a vent without exploding.

Surtseyan Eruption:

● Are a kind of hydromagmatic eruption, where magma or lava interacts explosively with water.

MAGMA:

► Is a hot liquid rock below the surface of the Earth

Distribution of Volcanoes:►There are more than 1500 active volcanoes on the Earth. We currently know of 80 or more which are under the oceans. Volcanoes are not scattered randomly on the Earth’s surface. They occur in belts in some areas and are absent from others. Earth’s major volcanoes. World map showing plate boundaries (blue lines ), the distribution of recent earthquakes (yellow dots) and active volcanoes (red triangles ). Courtesy of NASA.

3 Types of Boundaries:

►Divergent Plate boundaries:

●Are initiated when a single plate is split in to two and diverge from one another. Divergent plate boundaries.

►Convergent Plate Boundaries:

●Plates move toward each other and less-dense plate will override the denser plate. By the character of the plates involved, this is divided into 3 types.

l. Ocean-Continent convergence.ll. Ocean-Ocean convergence.lll. Continent-Continent convergence.

Oceanic plate bends beneath the continental plate and sinks along what is known as a subduction zone , a zone where oceanic plate descends into the mantle. The magma is less dense than the overlying solid rock. Therefore, the magma created along the subduction zone works it’s way upward and erupts as volcanoes.

If both plates are oceanic the denser plate will subduct beneath the less-dense plate. The resulting mountain belt is called a volcanic island arc

Mountain building occurs as the continental crust is folded and faulted Earthquakes occur as two continents collide NO volcanic activity Continent-Continent Convergent Plate Boundary

ACTIVE AND INACTIVE VOLCANOESACTIVE VOLCANO

An active volcano is a volcano that has had at least one eruption during the past 10,000 years. An active volcano might be erupting ordormant. An erupting volcano is an active volcano that is having an eruption... A dormant volcano is an active volcano that is not erupting, but supposed to erupt again.

Mount Mayon – AlbayTaal Volcano – BatangasMount Kanlaon – Negros OrientalMount Bulusan – SorsogonMount Makaturing – Lanao del Sur Musuan Volcano – BukidnonDidicas Volcano – CagayanHibok-Hibok – CamiguinSmith Volcano – Cagayan Mount Banahaw – Quezon

INACTIVE VOLCANO

An inactive volcano is one that could erupt but has not erupted for more than 10,000 years. Inactive volcanoes are also called dormant or sleeping volcanoes.

Atimbia - LagunaBagacay - Camarines NorteBalikabok - ZambalesBangcay - Nueva EcijaBatuan - SorsogonCaraycaray - BiliranBalatubat -BatanesMalasimbo - Mindoro OrientalKirikite - LeyteMantabuan - Tawi-Tawi