Voice and Data Operations in the North Atlantic

Prepared by

Loftur Jónasson & Jennie Jónasson

Iceland Radio

Seminar on the Implementation of Data Link and Satcom Communications

Bangkok, Thailand, 17-19 November 2003

Iceland Telecom

World ViewIceland & Thailand

ICELAND

THAILAND

The Reykjavík Control Area

Some of our neighbouring areas

Central ADS Server

ACC Reykjavik

The Desired End-State

The North Atlantic System Planning Group’s (NAT SPG’s) policy maintains that Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) compliant Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN) data link technologies remain the desired end-state but greater flexbility has been agreed to for the use of other non-SARPs compliant technologies, in particular FANS-1/A.

FANS FIRS

AFTN

ARINC

Network

CADS Server

Annapolis, Maryland

Geographic Filer

Internetworking

Other ACC

Met

Other ACC

Met

ART/ADCC ARINC SITA

New York ACC

Met

Santa Maria ACC

Canada Met

Gander ACC

Shanwick ACC

Reykjavík ACC

Canada Met

Met

Met

Met

Picture by ARINC of their CADS System

Shanwick/Gander CPDLC System

CPDLC Host / FANSRouter

ARINC/ SITA

NETWORKS

(ARINC, Annapolis)

CPDLC Uplinks / AFNCPDLC

Requests /AFN

VHF

SATCOM

CPDLCMessages

X.25 NETWORKS

CAPSIN(NATS)

APN(ARINC)

HF Aeradio

CPDLCMessages

HF

MessagesTo / FromHF Voice

ScOACC,

(PRESTWICK)

CPDLCFront End

DispatchOperator

ATC / FDPS GAATS (NAV CANADA)

X.25 X.25

Automatic Dependent Surveillance (ADS)

• Prior to the implementation of ADS – all flights, FANS equipped or not, had to make position reports at approximately every 10 degrees

• This took up a great deal of frequency time

FANS & North Atlantic Stations

Iceland ADS

Shanwick ADS & CPDLC

Gander ADS & CPDLC

New York ADS & CPDLC in some areas

Santa Maria ADS

SENDING...

<NEXT

Uplink Message

CLIMB TO AND MAINTAIN FL300

Downlink Message

WILCO

CSR CLR DCT FPL MAP MSG EXE

Cockpit Display With CPDLC Information

CPDLC Phase 1, 2 & 3

• Phase 1– Flight crews use data link to request speed

and level changes and receive a response via voice

• Phase 2– Flights receive VHF domestic frequency

assignments via CPDLC

• Phase 3– Flights receive clearances and response to

clearance requests via CPDLC

Uplink & Downlink

ATC Controller

Air/Ground Data Network

ATC Controller

Air /Ground Data Network

Uplink

Downlink

HFDL(HF Data Link)

The HFDL issue is becoming more prominent as airlines are showing more and more interest in Polar flights and HFDL is the sole data link media that can provide continuous coverage over the Arctic region, therefore FANS operations there will have to rely on this media.

FMC WPR

• FMC Waypoint Position Reports (WPR’s) are currently being looked at in the North Atlantic.

• Alternative for non-FANS equipped aircraft.

Human Factors & Transition Issues

• Transition to data link is not initially a time-saver

• Once pilots and operators get used to the system and procedures it does become a time-saver

Oceanic Clearances and Data Link

• Canada and The United Kingdom have indicated that they plan to implement “voiceless” Oceanic Clearance Deliveries by the end of 2004

ATN in the North Atlantic

• Consideration of using ATN equipped B-737-300 aircraft in CPDLC trials