VOCATIONAL TRANING

AT

BHARAT WAGON & ENGINEERING

CO. LTD.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

PROJECT ON:- RAILWAY WORKSHOP IN BHARAT

WAGON

BY

ANAND MOHAN

ROLL NO.:-16901612116

ACADEMY OF TECHNOLOGY

HOOGLY:-712121

STATEMENT OF THE CANDIDATE

Anand Mohan

B.Tech 6th Semester

Dept. of Electrical Engineering

Roll No.-16901612116

Academy of Technology

I hereby state the Training Report entitled Bharat Wagon &

Engineering Company Limited, Muzaffarpur has prepared by me to

fullfill the requirements Training Report during period 15.06.2015

to 05.07.2015.

(Anand Mohan)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am highly grateful to the Wagon Eng. Co. Ltd., Muzaffarpur for

their kind co-operation and the favour they imparted to grant me a

vocational training seal and there after helping throughout the same. I

would like to express my gratefulness to Mr. Ranjit Sinha, General

Manager whose kind co-operation helped me in completing my

training. I am deeply indebted to Mr. A. Kumar, Chief Manager

(Works), Mr. K.K. Choudhary, Dy. Manager (Inspection & Planning).

My sincere thanks go to Mr. J.N. Parasad, Mr. S.N.Singh, Mr.

A.K.Singh, Mr. B.Singh, Mr. B.K. Shrivastava, Mr. V.K. Shrivastava,

Mr. C.S. Singh & Mr. A.K. Barun. I am also acknowledging my deep

sense of gratitude to the management and employees of Bharat

Wagon & Engg. Co. Ltd. Muzaffarpur unit for their kind co-

operation.

ABOUT COMPANY

The Bharat Wagon and Engg. Co. Ltd. Muzaffarpur Unit is engaged

in manufacture of goods wagon for Indian railways. It also

manufactures and supplies Sugar Machineries, Agricultural

implements and other mechanical and structural Jobs. This company

was started by an English man Mr. Arthur Butler around 1870, when

industrial revolution was taking place. In the starting period the

company did not have more then 120 worker. During this period the

business expanded greatly and the number of employees increased

tremendously. The company had 600 employees during the war

period. Up to April 1946 the company was managed by M/S Balwar

Lawrie & Company Limited, which transferred the managing agency

to M/S Jubilee Agents limited on 1st May 1946. After Independence,

British Management sold the same to Indians and since 1948 the

management was in the hands of Indian businessmen. The production

of company was closed during the period 1967 to 1972 due to some

reasons. After the investigation of the management the company was

taken over by the government of India with effect from 15th Dec.

1973 and ultimately it was nationalized on 8th Dec. 1978. The

company was renamed as Bharat Wagon & Engg. Company Limited,

Muzaffarpur. Presently more than 800 employees are contributed their

services to this unit of BWEL. Total area of factory – 196200

ft2Covered area of factory – 164691 ft2 THERE ARE TEN SHOPS

NAMELY:- (1) Press & smithy shop. (2) Electrical maintenance shop

(3) Cutting and welding shop. (4) Template shop. (5) Drilling shop.

(6) Structural shop. (7) Machine shop. (8) Foundry shop. (9) Wagon

Assembly shop. (10) Finishing shop

CONTENTS

Indroduction

Induction motor

Rotating Magnetic Field

AC motor performance

Nema specification

Nema Design Motor

About Shop

Press and Smith Shop

Hydraulic Shop

Cutting and welding Shop

Drilling Shop

Machine Shop

Horizontal Boring Shop

Foundry Shop

Wagon Assembly Shop

Template Shop

Finishing Shop

Conclusion

Bibliography

INDRODUCTION

Bharat Wagon and Engineering Limited ((BWEL) is a Public Sector

Undertaking (PSU) of the Government of India and is a subsidiary

of Bharat Bari Udyog Nigam (BBUNL). Established in 1978, BWEL

is the largest rail wagon manufacturer in India. The administrative

control of M/s Bharat Wagon & Engg Co Ltd (BWEL), Patna, a

central PSE and subsidiary of Bharat Bhari Udyog Nigam Ltd

(BBUNL) is transferred from the Department of Heavy Industry,

Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises to the Ministry of

Railways w.e.f 13 August 2008 (AN). The company maintains three

manufacturing plants in Bihar and is headquartered in Patna. One

such plant is the Bharat Wagon Workshop Plant in Muzaffarpur. In

fiscal 2006, the company incurred aggregated revenues of₹154.4

million (US$2.3 million).

It produces about 30 to 35 goods train wagon and average per month

ELECTRIC POWER IN BHARAT WAGON AND ENGG. CO.

LTD. (MUZAFFARPUR) There are mainly two electric power source

in the company. 1. Generator 2. Government electric supply 1.

GENERATOR:- In the company there are is two 60 k.v.a 3phase

alternator in which 1st is use to supply the power in company when

the government electric supply is cut off or trip down. In heavy load

condition both generators are added in parallel for supply the power.

Generator supply . comes through the under ground cable to the

changer board .it is connected to the change over switch (specification

is 660V, 500A, iron clate type).it is properly fitted beside the bus bar.

Any motor-load system can be described by the equation- The load

torque TL can be further divided as- (A) FRICTION TORQUE: -

Friction is present at the motor shaft and also in various parts of the

load. The friction torque is equivalent value of various friction torques

referred to the motor shaft. (B) WINDAGE TORQUE: -The opposing

torque generated by wind when the motor run is called Windage

torque. (C) TORQUE REQUIRED TO DO USEFUL WORK: - The

nature of this torque depends on the type of load. It may or may not

be a function of speed, it may or may not be time invariant. The

friction torque itself can be resolved into three components – friction

at zero speed i.e., static friction Tc. The other component is Tv i.e.,

viscous friction. And Tc is called Coulomb friction. The third

component is Ts that accounts for the additional torque present at

stand-still. Since Ts is present only at stand-still, it is not considered

for dynamic analysis. Load torques are of two types- Active and

Passive. Active torques have the potential to drive the motor under

equilibrium conditions. They retain their sign even when the direction

of the drive rotation is changed. Torque due to gravity is an example

of this type of torque. Load torques which oppose motion and change

their sign on reversal are Passive. An example of this is the torque due

to friction. Thus the N-T characteristics of an Induction motor are

modified due to the type of load.

Split-Phase Motors The split phase motor achieves its starting

capability by having two separate windings wound in the stator. The

two windings are separated from each other. One winding is used

only for starting and it is wound with a smaller wire size having

higher electrical resistance than the main windings. From the rotor's

point of view, this time delay coupled with the physical location of

the starting winding produces a field that appears to rotate. The

apparent rotation causes the motor to start. A centrifugal switch is

used to disconnect the starting winding when the motor reaches

approximately 75% of rated speed. The motor then continues to run

on the basis of normal induction motor principles.

INDUCTION MOTOR

POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT: -- because of more inductive

load from the motors it is necessary to connect the capacitors bank in

the circuit. There are 4-capacitor bank used when all the motors are in

running state.otherwise one or two or as per requirement capacitor

bank is used. BUS BAR: --from the bus bare electric is distributed in

different workshops. On the bus bar there are individual switch for all

the shops. For different shops we use different capacity of switch fuse

unit. MOTORS USED IN THE COMPANY 1. INDUCTION

MOTOR-:

1. INTRODUCTION: The Induction motor is a three phase AC

motor and is the most widely used machine. Its characteristic features

are-

Simple and rugged construction

Low cost and minimum maintenance

High reliability and sufficiently high efficien

Needs no extra starting motor and need not be synchronized

ROTATING MAGNETIC FIELD:-

An Induction motor operates on the principle of induction .The

rotor receives power due to Induction from stator rather than direct

conduction of electrical power. It is important to understand the

principle of rotating magnetic field in order to understand the

operation of an Induction motor. When a three phase voltage is

applied to the stator winding, a rotating magnetic field of constant

magnitude is produced. This rotating field is produced by the

contributions of space-displaced phase windings carrying

appropriate time displaced currents. These currents which are time

displaced by 120 electrical degrees are shown beside- We will now

consider a stator structure depicted along with three phase windings.

For convenience, each phase is represented by a single coil (though

the winding is distributed in practice).The coil a-a’ represents the

entire phase winding for phase a. Similarly b-b’ and c-c’ represent

the coils for phases b and c. Each phase winding produces flux

along its own flux axis and these axes are separated by 120

electrical degrees. Thus we see that at all time instants, the

magnitude of resultant vector is constant though the vector rotates at

a speed of Ns=120*(f/P) rpm. i.e., w s = 2*p * Ns rad/sec. For three

phase supply, this constant magnitude is 1.5 times the maximum

value. The speed w s (rad/sec) is called Synchronous Speed. The

rotating field induces an emf. In the rotor-circuit .Current flows

through the short-circuited rotor windings to produce a flux. The

rotor tries to catch up with the stator field but in an Induction this is

not possible (since this can be done only by using another starting

motor). If say w m (rad/sec) is the rotor speed, then the difference

between stator and rotor flux speeds is (w s - wm) (rad/sec). The slip

is now defined as when the rotor is stationary; the frequency of rotor

current is same as the supply frequency. But when the rotor starts

revolving, the rotor current frequency becomes dependent on the

relative speed. Let f’ be the rotor current frequency at any slip say s.

AC MOTOR PERFORMANCE The behavior of electric motors is often displayed on a curve such as

the one on the right. The vertical axis is the rotational speed as a

percentage of the synchronous speed. The horizontal axis is the

torque output as a percentage of the full-load or rated torque. The

torque at the bottom of the curve (zero speed) is the starting torque.

This is the toque available to get a load moving, and is often an

important design consideration. The "knee" of the curve is the

breakdown torque and is the maximum torque developed by the

motor during acceleration. The slope of the curve near the full-load

operating point is the speed regulation. A flat curve (low slope)

indicates good speed regulation: that is, the speed of the motor does

not change significantly with load. A motor with poor speed

regulation (high slope) will change speeds as the load varies. This

produces a "soft" acceleration, which may be desirable in certain

applications where it reduces inertial loads, such as in cranes, hoists

and elevators

NEMA SPECIFICATIONS

The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)

standardized four basic design categories of Induction motors to

match the torque-speed requirements of the most common types of

mechanical loads. These basic design categories are Design A,

Design B, Design C and Design D. The Design B motor serves as

the basis for comparison of motor performance with other designs.

It has the broadest field of application and is used to drive

centrifugal pumps, fans, blowers and machine tools. It has a

relatively high efficiency, even at light loads, and a relatively high

power factor at full load. The Design A motor has essentially the

same characteristics as the Design B, except for somewhat higher

break-down torque. Since its starting current is higher, however, its

field of application is limited. The Design C motor has a higher

locked-rotor torque, but a lower break-down torque than the Design

B. The higher starting torque makes it suitable for driving plunger

pumps, vibrating screens and compressors without unloading

devices. The starting current and slip at rated torque are essentially

the same as that for the Design B. The Design D motor has a very

high locked-rotor torque and a high slip. Its principal field of

application is in high-inertia loads such as fly-wheel equipped

punch presses, elevators and hoists. The Design D rotor has

relatively high-resistance, low-reactance rotor bars close to the

surface. Design B and Design A have low-resistance with high

reactance at the deeper bars.

NEMA Design Motors

The National Electrical Manufacturers Association has assigned a

simple letter designation to four of the most common three-phase

AC electric motors. These vary in starting torque and speed

regulation. They are all of squirrel-cage construction, and are

available in many sizes. The figure at the right shows the

performance curve for each type. Note that this figure has torque on

the vertical axis and speed on the horizontal. NEMA Design A

Design A has normal starting torque (typically 150-170% of rated)

and relatively high starting current. Breakdown torque is the highest

of all NEMA types. It can handle heavy overloads for a short-

duration. Slip ≤5%. A typical application is powering of injection-

molding machines. NEMA Design B Design B is the most common

type of ac induction motor sold. It has normal starting torque,

similar to Design A, but offers low starting current. Locked rotor

torque is good enough to start many loads encountered in industrial

applications. Slip ≤5%. Motor efficiency and full load power factor

are comparatively high, contributing to the popularity of the design.

Typical applications include pumps, fans, and machine tools.

NEMA Design C Design C has high starting torque (greater than

previous two designs, say 200%), useful for driving heavy

breakaway loads. These motors are intended for operation near full

speed with-out great overloads. Starting current is low. Slip ≤5%.

NEMA Design D Design D has high starting torque (highest of all

the NEMA motor types). Starting current and full-load speed are

low. High slip values (5-13%) make this motor suitable for

applications with changing loads and attendant sharp changes in

motor speed, such as in machinery with flywheel energy storage.

PRESS AND SMITHY SHOP

This shop is working the guidance of Mr. A.K.Barun. In this press

and smithy shop there are seven small open hearth furnaces. These

furnaces are connected with blower is driven by induction motor.

The outlet of the blower is connected to the bottom portion of the

furnace where coal burns on the bed. In this shop more than 50

components are manufactured these are, Head stock pressing,

Anchor plate pressing, Anchor support plate pressing ,Foot step

,Pull rod, Head stock ,Hand wheel Bolster,e.t.c LIST OF

MACHINE IN PRESS AND SMITHY SHOP. NAME CAPICITY

NO. SPECIFICATION CAPICITY OF OF MOTOR MOTOR

(1) Hydraulic press (400T) 1 I.M 20HP (2) Hydraulic press (250T) 2

I.MS 16HP (3) Press machine (600T) 1 I.M 25HP (4) Power

Hammer (400kg) 1 I.M (5) Power Hammer (250kg) 1 I.M (6) Power

Hammer (100kg) 1 I.M (7) Power Hammer (80kg) 1 I.M (8) Coal

Fired Forge (9) Oil Fired Furnace (10) Blower 2 I.M

HYDRAULIC PRESS

The hydraulic press is used to manufacture anchor plate. For this the

plate is heated in the oil furnace. The heated plate is kept

horizontally on the machine table and the ram is allowed to press the

plate, due to downward movement the U shaped anchor plate is

manufactured. The specification of this machine is as follows:-

Nominal pressure -------------------------- 250 tons. Working pressure

-------------------------- 200 atm. Speed ------------------------------------

---- 0.020 m/sec. Motor capacity------------------------------50hp

PNEUMATIC HAMMER On this machine the part which is to be

manufactured is kept on the die after heating on the furnace and the

ram is allowed to strike the component on the die . Due to the strike

of ram the component takes the shape that of the die. This is driven

by 3phase induction motor.

CUTTING AND WELDING SHOP

This shop works under the supervision of Mr.A.K Singh.This is one

of the shops in which the basic work is performed . As the name

indicates this shop is mainly involved in cutting the plates of

different thicknesses in the desired shape & size and in the profile

cutting In this shop there is one shearing machine and two cropping

shearing machine for the cutting purpose. On the shearing machine

the plate to be cut should be flat & the thickness should not be more

than 8 mm. For cutting the flat plate is kept on the bed of the

machine & is moved manually. The plate to be cut is kept on the

bed with the help of crane . The machine consists of a cutting blade

& no . of pressing bolts . As the plate is moved inside the machine

the pressing bolts press the plate and keep it rigidly fixed the

downward movement of the cutting blade cuts the plate . On the

cropping shearing machine number of works are performed. This

machine can cut flat plate of small sizes, angle plates, square hollow

rod & circular hollow rod. Also this machine can be used as

punching machine. The another machine is chipping machine . This

machine is use to produce an inclined shape at the end of plate

which is necessary in the end to end welding . This machine has a

gun through which high pressure air comes This machine holds a

chisel. The high-pressure air pushes the chisel, which causes to cut

the plate. These are three probile cutting machines in this shop. The

machines consist of a vertical column and two horizontal arms. The

one arm consists of the templete and the another arm consists of the

welding torch and the small driving motor. This machine can cut the

plate of thickness of 35 to 40 mm, Through the welding torch

acetylene and oxygen gas is supplied. This machine requires extra

amount of oxygen gas. So two oxygen pipes are connected to the

torch. To cut the plate in the desired shape. The same shape

template is fitted to the upper arm and the magnetic roller of the

second i.e. lower arm is touched to the template. The driving motor

drives the torch. . The torch moves through the profile of the

template and the plate cut in the desired shape. One another plate

cutting machine is kangaroo machine. This is the biggest cutting

machine . This machine consists of two welding torch . The torch

can more in all the three coordinate axis i.e. x, y and z plane. This is

fully electronic controlled machine. This machine consists of an

electronic senson and a horizontal plate. The drawing of the

required shape is kept on the horizontal plate and the senson moves

through the black lines of the drawing . This machine can be moved

manually. The amount of acetylene and oxygen gas can be

controlled with the knobs. In the welding section mainly bolster and

cross bars are manufactured.

DRILLING SHOP

In this shop there are different types of drilling machines. In this

shop drilling is done by two method, i e. by marking and by jig. The

following are the drill size & which are used for drilling in this shop

is 5mm, 6mm, 11mm, 13.5mm, 17.5mm, 21.5mm and 23.5mm.

These are the drill size which are used here for drilling marking

takes a lot of time and it requires more skilled person for marking.

So drilling of component by marking is used for a few, component

where it is difficult to set a jig. For mass production of components

jig is used for drilling . The thickness of the jig plate, which is in

practice, is 12mm. To manufacture jig a hole greater dia. is done in

the jig plate and bush of required drill size is fitted in the hole . The

material of the jig bush is class IV and IS:1875 . In this drilling shop

there is one universal radial machine , two semi universal radial

drilling machine and a few ordinary radial drilling machine . There

is one gang drilling machine and one sensitive drilling machine .

The universal drilling machine is one of the important drilling

machine . The drilling machine can produce a hole in any direction

at any angle . The universal drilling machine consists of a vertical

column and a horizontal arm. The horizontal arm can move in any

direction i.e. horizontally, vertically, and at any inclination. The

drilling can be done by automatic feed mechanism and by manual

operation. The semi universal radial drilling machine is some as

universal radial drilling machine except this drilling machine cannot

produce a hole in inclined direction. This machine consists of two

electrical motors, one is used for the operation of drilling and the

another is used for the vertical movement of horizontal arm is the

feed. In these machine water is used as a coolant the chip which

comes out from the operation is continuous chips. The another

drilling machine is sensitive drilling machine. On the machine small

sized hole is drilling. Usually a drill of 5mm and 6mm is used. The

machine has a very long bed and a gang of three drilling machine.

This machine is used to produce a hole in the very long channel. For

operation the channel is kept on bed and the jig is fitted to the

channel and with the help jig bush the hole is produced at desired

position.

MACHINE SHOP

The shop works under the supervision of Mr. S. N. Singh. This is

the biggest shop of this organization. In this shop there are various

types of machines. Such as lathe, Drilling m/c, shaper, slotter

milling m/c grinder, boring m/c, planer etc. There are seven heavy

duty lathe machine, 11 lathe machine, 2 capstan lathe, 2 shaper

machine, one double shaper machine, 2 milling machine one

vertical and one radial drilling machine , 3 slotter m/c and two

boring machine .

HEAVY DUTY LATHE The heavy duty lathes have 4 jaw chuck

and can hold a job of 1 m. dia. The chuck can rotate up to a maxm

speed of 315 rpm. The motor, which is required to rotate the chuck

has the following specification. This is 3 phase induction motor and

require 415 volts . The type is delta connection. The horsepower of

the motor is 50 H.P. & the output shaft of this motor can rotate

speed of 1460 rpm. The tail stock of the lathe consists of a separate

electric motor to move it self on the lathe bed.

HORIZONTAL BORING MACHINE

This machine is used for the boring purpose of big components.

This machine is driven by electric motor & with the help of gear

mechanism the main shaft is rotated. The sail, which is to be

machined, is kept on the bed. Before it, a ring is inserted over the

sail to rigidly damp it. The main shaft consists of two heads, which

has groove in which cutting tool is fitted & fightened with the bolts.

The cutting head starts cutting from opposite sides. Both the cutting

tools rotate in opposite direction.

SHAPER MACHINE This machine which is used here is known

as Double shaper machine . As the name itself the machine has two

ram & one long table. Both ram is fixed on table & as per the

requirement one or both machine is used. This machine is used to

produce good surface on rough work piece. Also it can be used to

cut a key way & for many other operations too .

FOUNDRY SHOP

MR. S. K. Shrivastwa supervises the work of this shop. This is also

very important shop of this plant. In this shop casting is done. The

various parts of the wagon are manufactured in this shop. The

casting is divided into three groups Low, Medium & High casting .

The low & medium castings are again divided into sub-group Green

and Dry and loam casting or sweep moulding. For moulding clay is

mixed with sand to improve binding strength. Normaly Bentonite &

cow dung improves the porous nature of sand. Normally 3 % clay is

mixed with sand. For casting first mould is prepared with help of

moulding box. As per the requirement core is used in moulding. For

preparing core reinforcement is used which supports the core. The

core is bitted rigidly to perment the displacement of core due to the

pressure of the molten metal. Green casting is used for mass

production. For Dry casting, the core and the prepared mould is

heated from inside the coal oven to reduce the moisture & to

improve the strength & reduces the shrinkage allowances .

WAGON ASSEMBLY SHOP

In this shop the various components which are manufactured in the

different shops are assembled and the wagon is completed and then

set to the finishing shop . First of the assembly of wagon, the centre

sill is kept on the fixture .

CENTRE SILL This is manufactured in the sub-assembly shop. To

manufacture two Z channels are welded after welding the

supporting plate is welded to require position and then it is sent for

marking. After marking, drilling is done and coupler cashing is

fitted at both the ends and riveting is done by the air gun. Lastly it is

checked whether it is true size or not. If not the length is reduced by

gas cutting. The length of the center sill should be 9784mm and the

width should be 2960 mm. The centre seal is placed on the fixture

and cross bar and bolster is welded to it . After welding these two

seal bars are attached and is welded . Now this is known "Under

frame ". Now riveting is done. The head stock is also welded to the

centre sill at both the ends. The gusset plate and the cross bar

bottom plate is welded to bolster and cross bar respectively . The

strenger is welded to the under frame throughout the length.

TEMPLATE SHOP

Before describing the template it is worth while to elaborate the

word '' template''. This is a pattern or gauge a time in mass scale .

This saves a lot of time , as no marking is necessary when using

template. Basically templates are of two types (1) Marking template.

(2) Checking template. The main objective of this shop is making

templates of all the consigned wagon components where a certain

profile cutting is necessary. The manufacturing of template is done

with the help of the design and drawing provided by R.D.S.O.

Lucknow . Also the required allowances for different tools are taken

into consideration during marking the templates . This vary maching

to machine. The templates here are usually made of mild steel. They

are of small Thicknesses. Working in this shop needs greatest

accuracy because shape all the components made with the help of

template depend upon the shape of the template . Thus a minor fault

can create a great fault in the production. WAGON FLOW CHART.

FINISHING SHOP

After assembling the wagon is sent to the finishing shop. In this

shop the wagon is brought to the shot blaster chamber. In this

chamber small iron particle is allowed to strike on the wagon to

remove the extra welding deposit and the rust formed on it . The

high pressure air helps the iron particle to come out from the gun

and to strike rapidly . In this chamber the working condition are

very hazardous . So The worker wears oxygen mask before doing

work inside the chamber . After this the wagon is painted and the

specifications are written on the wagon and then dispatched to

Indian Railway . SUPPLIERS OF MAIN WAGON COMPONET

COMPONENT SUPPLIERS (1) WHEEL W.A.P. BANGLORE (2)

BOGIE BESCO KOLKATA (3) HIGH TENSION COUPLER

H.D.C. KOLKATA (4) AIR BRAKE EQUIPMENT 1.ESCORT

Ltd. FARIDABAD 2. STONE INDIA Ltd. DELHI 3. BHARAT

BRAKES & VALVE Ltd. KOLKATA (5) STEEL 1. BOKARO

STEEL PLANT (6) BEARING 2. TISCO. INDIA THMKEN

INDIA JAMSHEDPUR

CONCLUSION

A vocational training had been concluded in a very efficient way. We

have acquired through knowledge about making of wagon. Bharat

wagon & Engineering co. Limited ,being one of the oldest Railway

Workshop in the eastern India, had been acting as a pioneer in making

wagon.

Bharat wagon & Engineering co. Limited (A GOVT. OF INDIA

UNDERTAKING) which governs the making the wagon for

industrial and commercial requirement and attenuate the economic as

well as social well being on human-kind.

We have carried out this training under well experienced and highly

qualified engineers of Bharat wagon & Engineering co. Limited of

various departments viz Mechanical and Electrical Engineers. This

works of BWECL is very noticeable and very energetic. Although

this is an old railway workshop, the machine and entire instruments

are functioning very well due to proper maintenance and skill in

handling them. I was able to acquire practical knowledge of the

industry and about some theorectical engineering studies.

The project Report has covered the Mechanical overview and

electrical overview, various cycles and processes of making the

wagon and details of controls and instrumentation required in Bharat

wagon & Engineering Co. Limited.

BIBILOGRAPHY

"Bharat wagon & Engineering Co. Limited" Wikipedia The free

encyclopedia. https://en.m.wikipedia.org.wiki.bharat wagon &

engineering Co. Ltd.

"Bharat Wagon & Engineering Co.

Limited"http://troubleshoot4free.com/fyp/

WWW.divest.nic.in.advbwel :=railway workshop

"Indian Railway" www.indiangov.nic.in