vocabulary to go with lab “motion in review” force inertia velocity friction newton’s first...
TRANSCRIPT
VOCABULARY to go with Lab “MOTION IN REVIEW”
FORCEINERTIA
VELOCITYFRICTION
Newton’s first Law of Motion
INERTIA
Definition: An object’s tendency to either remain at rest or in uniform motion at the same speed in a straight line
Example: Your body keeps moving forward even though the bus is stopping.(DISCOVERED BY Galileo Galilei)
VELOCITY
Definition: Speed in a particular direction.
Example: Biking 25 miles (speed) in an hour South(direction)
Newton’s First law of Motion
Definition: An object can remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by an unbalanced external force
Example: A ball stays in the same place until someone kicks it. A ball may keep moving until the grass slows it down.
FrictionDefinition: a force that slows an object from moving.
Example: rubber on the bottom of sneakers, brakes on a bike/car
Types of friction: fluid(water), air(parachutes/athlete’s uniform), mass(sliding vs. static)
GRAVITY
Definition: A force pulling objects toward the center of the Earth
Example: a falling baseball or leaves falling
GRAVITY SUPPORT FORCE
Definition: An equal force that opposes gravity’s downward pull
Example: sitting chair example
NEWTON
Definition: Unit of force in the metric system(N)
Example: One newton(N) = .225LBS or One pound = 4.45 Newton(N)
POUNDDefinition: The United States’s customary unit of force(lb)
Example: One newton(N) = .225LBS or One pound = 4.45 Newton(N)
WEIGHTDEFINITION: The strength of the force of gravity pulling down toward the earth’s surface
Example: the weight of a bowling ball is more forceful than a basketball.
ACCELERATIONDefinition: Rate of change in the speed and direction(velocity) of an object. Note: This can mean speeding up, slowing down(deceleration), or changing direction.
Example: A car increases speed to pass another car.
MASSDefinition: Measures the amount of matter in an object
Example: Compare a softball to a foam ball, how are they different? A softball has more material compacted in one space than the foam ball. Therefore, it has more mass.
NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTIONDefinition: A greater unbalanced external force causes greater acceleration of an object; Therefore, a greater unbalanced external force is needed to accelerate(speed up/slow down) an object of greater mass.
Force = Mass X Acceleration
Example: It takes more power to stop/move a heavier object than a lighter object
AIR RESISTANCEDefinition: A force exerted by air against an object moving through it and acts in the opposite direction of the object’s motion,”drag”
Example: parachute, clothing on an athlete, etc.
FREE FALLDefinition: Floating objects float because of their speed in relation to the Earth-
Example: The air craft travels as fast as it is falling downwards, causing the objects/astronauts to float.
speed forward(8km/sec) or (5mi/sec): falling speed (5m/sec) or (16ft/sec)
PARABOLA
Definition: A path that curves or makes an arc caused by gravity’s downward force
Example: Connection: As a basketball player shoots from the free throw line, what path does the ball travel to get into the hoop?
SPEEDDefinition: Speed- Measures how far an object travels in a period of time
Formula: In order to calculate speed, you need distance and divide by time.
TIMEDefinition:Time elapsed from start to stop
measured: seconds, minutes,hourstime = distance /rate