vocabulary review level e regular 10 english. directions zafter viewing a slide with a vocabulary...
TRANSCRIPT
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Vocabulary Review
Level E
Regular 10 English
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DirectionsAfter viewing a slide
with a vocabulary word in context, decide on the meaning of the word. Then check your answer and review synonyms and antonyms in the next slide.
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Suggestions
Although the slides are timed to advance automatically, you may left click on the mouse to move to the next slide at any time. Right click to return to the previous slide.
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Unit 1
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
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adulterate
adulterate the Snapple with milk
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adulterate
(v.) to corrupt, make worse by the addition of something of lesser value
synonyms: to contaminate, pollute, sully
antonyms: to purify, purge, expurgate
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gape
gape in wonder at the sight
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gape
(v.) to stare with open mouth; to open the mouth wide; to open wide
synonyms: to gawk, ogle
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deploy
deploy troops for battle
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deploy
(v.) to position or arrange; to utilize; to form up
synonyms: to arrange, station, organize
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augment
augment your income by working a second job
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augment
(v.) to make larger, increasesynonyms: to enlarge, supplement,
amplifyantonyms: to decrease, diminish
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ambidextrous
marveled at Michael Jordan’s ambidextrous abilities
disappointed by the President’s ambidextrous responses to questions
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ambidextrous
(adj.) able to use both hands equally well; very skillful; deceitful, hypocritical
antonyms: clumsy, all thumbs, maladroit
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bereft
bereft of friends in his old age
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bereft
(part., adj.) deprived of; made unhappy through a loss
synonyms: deprived; saddened by loss, bereaved
antonyms: replete, well provided with
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dour
a dour and sullen rock star
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dour
(adj.) stern, unyielding; gloomy, ill-humored
synonyms: harsh, bleak, forbidding, saturnine
antonyms: cheery, inviting, genial
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fortitude
showing great fortitude following the flooding from hurricane Floyd
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fortitude
(n.) courage in facing difficultiessynonyms: resolve, steadfastness,
mettleantonyms: fearfulness, timidity,
faintheartedness
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gibe
gibed at him for his musical tastes
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gibe
(v.) to utter taunting words (n.) an expression of scorn
synonyms: to ridicule, mock, deride, jeer
antonyms: a compliment, praise
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guise
wearing the the guise of Holden Caulfield on Halloween
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guise
(n.) an external appearance, cover, mask
synonyms: a costume, semblance; a pretense
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insidious
an insidious plot to steal money from the elderly
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insidious
(adj.) intended to deceive or entrap; sly, treacherous
synonyms: cunning, underhanded, perfidious
antonyms: frank, ingenuous, aboveboard
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intimation
gave no intimation of her fondness for hot cars
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intimation
(n.) a hint, indirect suggestion
synonyms: a clue, indication, inkling
antonyms: a direct or blunt communication
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opulent
Bill Gates’ opulent living quarters
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opulent
(adj.) wealthy, luxurious, ample, grandiose
synonyms: rich, lavish; plentiful, abundant
antonyms: poverty-stricken, wretched, destitute
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pliable
three spools of pliable copper wire
pliable friends who can’t think for themselves
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pliable
(adj.) easily bent, flexible; easily influenced
synonyms: supple, adaptable, resilient
antonyms: rigid, inflexible, recalcitrant
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reiterate
teachers who reiterate important points the day before a test
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reiterate
(v.) to say again, repeat
synonyms: to rehash
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stolid
a stolid person who never cracks under pressure
a stolid student
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stolid
(adj.) not easily moved, mentally or emotionally; dull, unresponsive
synonyms: impassive, phlegmatic, unresponsive
antonyms: emotional, oversensitive; high-strung
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tentative
a tentative plan to travel to Toledo
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tentative
(adj.) experimental in nature; uncertain, hesitant
synonyms: provisional, inconclusiveantonyms: definite, conclusive,
confirmed
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unkempt
was not hired for the job because of his unkempt appearance
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unkempt
(adj.) not combed; untidy; not properly maintained; unpolished, rude
synonyms: sloppy, disheveled; disordered; rough
antonyms: well-groomed, tidy, neat, natty
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verbatim
accused of plagiarism because he repeated verbatim
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verbatim
(adj., adv.) word for word; exactly as written or spoken
antonym: paraphrased
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warily
warily approach the entrance to the bear’s cave
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warily
(adv.) cautiously, with great caresynonyms: carefully, prudently,
gingerlyantonyms: recklessly, heedlessly,
incautiously
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Unit 2
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
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adroit
adroit at dribbling the basketball
adroit at doing math complex problems in her head
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adroit
(adj.) skillful, expert in the use of the hands or mind
synonyms: clever, deft, dexterous, slick
antonyms: clumsy, inept all thumbs
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amicable
an amicable settlement of the argument
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amicable
(adj.) peaceable, friendlysynonyms: congenial, neighborly,
friendlyantonyms: hostile, antagonistic
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averse
averse to hurting the feelings of others
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averse
(adj.) having a deep-seated distaste; opposed, unwilling
synonyms: disinclined, opposed, loath
antonyms: favorably disposed, eager, keen
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belligerent
a belligerent answer to an amicable question
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belligerent
(adj.) given to fighting, warlike; combative, aggressive; (n.) one at war, one engaged in war
synonyms: assertive, truculent, pugnacious
antonyms: conciliatory, placid, peaceful
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benevolent
a benevolent feeling toward all races and creeds
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benevolent
(adj.) kindly, charitablesynonyms: kindly, benign, well-
meaningantonyms: malicious, spiteful,
malevolent
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cursory
a cursory look at the science notes immediately before the test
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cursory
(adj.) hasty, not thoroughsynonyms: quick, superficial,
perfunctoryantonyms: thorough, painstaking,
careful
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duplicity
investigated the military officer suspected of duplicity
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duplicity
(n.) treachery, deceitfulness
synonyms: fraud, double-dealing, chicanery
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extol
extol her heroic acts during the crisis
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extol
(v.) to praise extravagantlysynonyms: to glorify, applaud,
acclaim, hailantonyms: to criticize, belittle,
disparage
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feasible
develop a feasible plan of action
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feasible
(adj.) possible, able to be donesynonyms: workable, practicable,
viableantonyms: unworkable, impractical
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grimace
a grimace of pain
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grimace
(n.) a wry face, facial distortion; (v.) to make a wry face
synonyms: a pained expression, facial contortion
antonyms: to smile, beam, grin
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holocaust
a victim of the holocaust
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holocaust
(n.) a large-scale destruction, especially be fire; a vast slaughter; a burnt offering
synonyms: a conflagration; devastation; annihilation
antonyms: a deluge, inundation
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impervious
a plastic raincoat impervious to moisture
a stolid person impervious to the gibes of belligerent fools
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impervious
(adj.) not affected or hurt by; admitting of no passage or entrance
synonyms: impenetrable, resistant, proof against
antonyms: porous, permeable, vulnerable
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impetus
low grades which gave new impetus to the students to study
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impetus
(n.) a moving force, impulse, stimulus
synonyms: an incentive, stimulus, spur
antonyms: a curb, hindrance, impediment, constraint
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jeopardy
mistakes that put the entire operation in jeopardy
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jeopardy
(n.) danger
synonyms: risk, hazard, peril
antonyms: safety, security
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meticulous
the meticulous detective
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meticulous
(adj.) extremely careful; particular about details
synonyms: careful, fastidious, painstaking, fussy
antonyms: careless, negligent, sloppy
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nostalgia
his nostalgia for childhood innocence
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nostalgia
(n.) a longing for something past; homesickness
synonym: homesickness
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quintessence
the quintessence of fortitude
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quintessence
(n.) the purest essence or form of something; the most typical example
synonyms: a paragon, exemplar
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retrogress
has retrogressed into the clothing styles of the 1950’s
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retrogress
(v.) to move backward; to return to an earlier condition
synonyms: to revert, to degenerate, decline
antonyms: to advance, evolve, progress
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scrutinize
scrutinize the notes to guarantee a good grade on the exam
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scrutinize
(v.) to examine closely
synonyms: to inspect, examine, pore over
antonyms: to skim, scan, glance at
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tepid
a cup of tepid tea
a tepid reaction to the 50 page reading assignment
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tepid
(adj.) lukewarm; unenthusiastic, marked by an absence of interest
synonyms: lukewarm; insipid; half-hearted, wishy-washy
antonyms: heated, excited, enthusiastic
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Unit 3
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
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adversary
a worthy adversary on the court
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adversary
(n.) an enemy, opponentsynonyms: an antagonist, rival, foeantonyms: a friend, ally, supporter,
confederate
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alienate
bad habits that alienate friends
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alienate
(v.) to turn away; to make indifferent or hostile; to transfer, convey
synonyms: to separate, drive apart, estrange
antonyms: to befriend, attract, captivate; to reconcile
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artifice
deceived by his artifice
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artifice
(n.) a skillful or ingenious device; clever trick; clever skill; trickery
synonyms: a ruse, stratagem, contrivance
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coerce
coerce into obedience by a threat of punishment
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coerce
(v.) to compel, forcesynonyms: to pressure, bully,
intimidate, constrainantonyms: persuade; cajole
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craven
criticized by his opponent for his craven policies
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craven
(adj.) cowardly; (n.) a cowardsynonyms: fearful, faint hearted,
pusillanimousantonyms: brave, courageous,
valiant
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culinary
a fine example of fine culinary art
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culinary
(adj.) of or related to cooking or to the kitchen
synonyms: related to cooking
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delete
shorten the report by deleting two paragraphs
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delete
(v.) to erase, wipe out, cut out synonyms: to remove, cancel,
expungeantonyms: to insert, add, retain,
include
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demise
tolling bells that indicated the demise of the king
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demise
(n.) a death, especially of a person in a lofty position
synonyms: a death, decease, passing away
antonyms: a birth, beginning, commencement
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exhilarate
exhilarated by the good news
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exhilarate
(v.) to enliven, cheer, give spirit or liveliness to
synonyms: to stimulate, excite, gladden
antonyms: discourage, dispirit, dishearten, inhibit
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fallow
farmland left fallow for the winter
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fallow
(adj.) plowed but not seeded; inactive(n.) land left unseeded; (v.) to plow but
not seedsynonyms: unproductive, inert, dormantantonyms: productive, fertile, prolific
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harass
harass the teacher with repeated talking
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harass
(v.) to disturb, worry; to trouble by repeated attacks
synonyms: to annoy, pester, bedevil, beleaguer, worry
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inclement
unaccustomed to the inclement Montana winters
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inclement
(adj.) stormy, harsh; severe in attitude or action
synonyms: blustery, tempestuous, implacable
antonyms: mild, gentle, balmy, tranquil
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muse
muse on the meaning of life
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muse
(v.) to think about in a dreamy waysynonyms: to meditate, contemplate,
daydream
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negligible
a negligible loss that we need not worry about
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negligible
(adj.) so unimportant that it can be disregarded
synonyms: trivial, inconsequential, insignificant
antonyms: significant, crucial, momentous
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perpetuate
perpetuate the customs of our ancestors
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perpetuate
(v.) to make permanent or long lasting
synonyms: to continue, preserve, prolong indefinitely
antonyms: to discontinue, abolish, abandon
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precedent
set a precedent for others to follow
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precedent
(n.) an example that may serve as a basis for imitation or later action
synonyms: a guide, tradition, modelantonyms: that which follows or
comes afterward
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punitive
led a punitive expedition against the rebels
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punitive
(adj.) inflicting or aiming at punishment
synonyms: penalizing, retaliatory
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redress
seek redress through the courts
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redress
(v.) to set right, remedy; (n.) relief from wrong or injury
synonyms: to rectify, correct, mitigate
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sojourn
a week’s sojourn in Paris
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sojourn
(n.) a temporary stay; (v.) to stay for a time
synonyms: a visit, stopover, brief stay
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urbane
an urbane Bond - James Bond
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urbane
(adj.) refined in manner or style, suave
synonyms: suave, elegantantonyms: crude, uncouth, boorish
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Unit 4
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
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affiliated
affiliated with a well-known law firm
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affiliated
(adj., part.) associated, connectedsynonyms: attached, related, joined
toantonyms: unconnected, dissociated
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ascertain
ascertain what the cost will be
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ascertain
(v.) to find outsynonyms: to discover, determine,
establish, find out
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attainment
a man of high literary attainment
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attainment
(n.) an accomplishment; the act of achieving
synonyms: an achievement, fulfillment
antonyms: a failure, defeat; frustration
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bequeath
has bequeathed a fortune to his widow
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bequeath
(v.) to give or pass on an inheritancesynonyms: to hand down, transmit,
bestow
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cogent
a cogent plea for prison reform
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cogent
(adj.) forceful, convincing; relevant, to the point
synonyms: persuasive,compelling antonyms: unconvincing, weak,
ineffective; irrelevant
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converge
as the delegates converge on the hall
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converge
(v.) to move toward one point, approach nearer together
synonyms: to meet, unite, intersect, merge
antonyms: to diverge, separate, go separate ways
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disperse
order the police to disperse the crowd
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disperse
(v.) to scatter, spread far and widesynonyms: to break up, scatter,
dispel antonyms: to collect, congregate,
assemble, muster
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esteem
someone we all hold in high esteem
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esteem
(v.) to regard highly;(n.) a highly favorable opinion or
judgmentsynonyms: to respect, admire, honor,
revereantonyms: disdain, scorn, contempt
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expunge
ordered the offending remarks expunged from the court record
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expunge
(v.) to erase, obliterate, destroysynonyms: to delete, efface,
annihilateantonyms: to insert; to mark,
imprint, impress
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finite
a finite number of possibilities
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finite
(adj.) having limits; lasting for a limited time
synonyms: limited, bounded, measurable
antonyms: unlimited, immeasurable, everlasting
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invulnerable
an invulnerable fortress
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invulnerable
(adj.) not able to be wounded or hurt; shielded against attack
synonyms: impregnable, impervious, immune
antonyms: exposed, unprotected, defenseless
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malevolent
told a malevolent lie
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malevolent
(adj.) spiteful, showing ill willsynonyms: malicious, wicked,
sinister, malignantantonyms: kind, benevolent,
compassionate
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nonchalant
walked down the street with a nonchalant air
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nonchalant
(adj.) cool and confident, unconcerned
synonyms: composed, unruffled, indifferent, blase
antonyms: perturbed, agitated, disconcerted, abashed
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omniscient
a professor who seemed to be omniscient
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omniscient
(adj.) knowing everything; having unlimited awareness or understanding
synonyms: wise, all-knowingantonyms: ignorant, unknowing
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panacea
panacea for all our problems
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panacea
(n.) a remedy for all ills, cure-all; an answer to all problems
synonyms: a universal cure; an easy solution
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scrupulous
describe with scrupulous accuracy
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scrupulous
(adj.) exact, careful, attending thoroughly to details; having high moral standards, principled
synonyms: painstaking, meticulous, conscientious
antonyms: careless, negligent, remiss, dishonest
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skulk
a burglar skulked in an ally
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skulk
(v.) to move about stealthily; to lie in hiding
synonyms: to lurk, slink, prowl
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supercilious
took a supercilious attitude toward the servants
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supercilious
(adj.) proud and contemptuous; showing scorn because of a feeling of superiority
synonyms: snobbish, patronizing, overbearing
antonyms: humble, meek, deferential, servile
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uncanny
an uncanny skill at playing bridge
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uncanny
(adj.) strange, mysterious, weird, beyond explanation
synonyms: eerie, inexplicable, spooky
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venial
a venial offense
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venial
(adj.) easily excused; pardonablesynonyms: excusable, forgivableantonyms: unpardonable,
unforgivable, inexcusable
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Unit 5
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
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altruistic
an altruistic program to help the poor
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altruistic
(adj.) unselfish, concerned with the welfare of others
synonyms: selfless, rising above personal interests
antonyms: selfish, self-centered
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assent
forced to assent to their demands
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assent
(v.) to express agreement; (n.) agreementsynonyms: to concur, agree, consent,
accedeantonyms: to disagree, differ, dissent
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benefactor
became my benefactor in time of need
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benefactor
(n.) one who does good to otherssynonyms: one who helps others; a
patron, humanitarianantonyms: a misanthrope; a
malefactor
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chivalrous
praised for this chivalrous act
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chivalrous
(adj.) marked by honor, courtesy, and courage; knightly
synonyms: gallant, civil; valiantantonyms: crude, uncouth, churlish,
loutish
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clemency
show clemency to first offenders
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clemency
(n.) mercy, humanness; mildness, moderateness
synonyms: leniency, forbearance, gentleness
antonyms: harshness, severity, cruelty, inflexibility
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dearth
a dearth of able assistants
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dearth
(n.) a lack, scarcity, inadequate supply; a famine
synonyms: an insufficiency, want, paucity
antonyms: a surplus, oversupply, glut, abundance
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diffident
amused by the diffident suitor
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diffident
(adj.) shy, lacking self-confidence; modest, reserved
synonyms: timid, bashful; unassertive, withdrawn
antonyms: bold, brash, audacious; self-centered, jaunty
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discrepancy
a discrepancy between their stories
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discrepancy
(n.) a difference; a lack of agreementsynonyms: a disagreement,
divergence, inconsistencyantonyms: convergence; agreement,
consistency
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embark
embark on the long ocean trip
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embark
(v.) to go aboard; to make a start; to invest
synonyms: to commence, launch, begin; to board
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facile
a facile writer
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facile
(adj.) easily done or attained; superficial; ready, fluent; easily shown but not sincerely felt
synonyms: easy, effortless; assured, poised; specious
antonyms: labored, awkward, halting
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indomitable
admire her indomitable courage
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indomitable
(adj.) unconquerable, refusing to yield
synonyms: unbeatable, invincible, unyielding
antonyms: yielding, surrendering, submissive
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infallible
his infallible judgement
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infallible
(adj.) free from error; absolutely dependable
synonyms: unerring, certainantonyms: open to error, imperfect
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plod
plod wearily through the snow
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plod
(v.) to walk heavily or slowly; to work slowly
synonyms: to lumber, trudgeantonyms: to scamper, skip, prance
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pungent
the pungent odor of onion soup
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pungent
(adj.) causing a sharp sensation; stinging, biting
synonyms: sharp, spicy, piquant; caustic; racy
antonyms: bland, unappetizing, colorless, insipid
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remiss
remiss in doing daily chores
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remiss
(adj.) neglectful in performance of one’s duty, careless
synonyms: negligent, lax, slackantonyms: scrupulous, dutiful,
punctilious
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repose
a much-needed period of repose
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repose
(v.) to rest; lie; place;(n.) relaxation; peace of mind, calmnesssynonyms: sleep; tranquility; a respiteantonyms: exertion; wakefulness;
tumult, bustle, ado
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temerity
have the temerity to answer back
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temerity
(n.) rashness, boldnesssynonyms: recklessness,
foolhardiness; effronteryantonyms: timidity, fearfulness,
diffidence, humility
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truculent
shocked by his truculent disposition
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truculent
(adj.) fierce and cruel; aggressive; deadly, destructive; scathingly harsh
synonyms: brutal, savage, belligerent, vitriolic
antonyms: gentle, mild; meek, unthreatening
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unfeigned
the unfeigned emotions of a child
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unfeigned
(adj.) sincere, real, without pretensesynonyms: genuine, heartfeltantonyms: insincere, simulated,
phony
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virulent
a virulent racist
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virulent
(adj.) extremely poisonous; full of malice, spiteful
synonyms: venomous; noxious, baneful; hateful
antonyms: innocuous, harmless; benign
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Unit 6
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
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accede
accede to your teacher’s reasonable request for silence
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accede
(v.) to yield to; to assume an office or dignity
synonyms: to consent, concur, comply
antonyms: to withhold consent, demur, balk at
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brandish
brandish his cane threateningly
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brandish
(v.) to wave or flourish in a menacing fashion
synonyms: to swing, shake
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comprise
a book comprised entirely of essays
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comprise
(v.) to include or contain; to be made up of
synonyms: to compose, constitute, encompass
antonym: to exclude
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deft
sew with deft fingers
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deft
(adj.) skillful, nimblesynonyms: dexterous, adroit,
proficientantonyms: clumsy, awkward,
bungling, inept
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destitute
aid to destitute families
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destitute
(adj.) deprived of the necessities of life; lacking in
synonyms: wanting, devoid, impoverished
antonyms: rich, wealthy; luxurious, bountiful; full, replete
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explicit
greatly in need of explicit directions
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explicit
(adj.) definite, clearly statedsynonyms: distinct, forthright,
unambiguousantonyms: vague, ambiguous;
implied, implicit
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extirpate
extirpate all forms of racism
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extirpate
(v.) to tear up by the roots; to destroy totally
synonyms: to uproot, eradicate, wipe out
antonyms: to implant, sow; to foster, nourish
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inopportune
arrive at an inopportune time for me
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inopportune
(adj.) coming at a bad time; not appropriate
synonyms: ill-timed, inconvenient, inappropriate
antonyms: timely, convenient, felicitous
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ironic
an ironic twist of fate
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ironic
(adj.) suggesting a difference between what might be expected and what actually happens; sarcastic
synonyms: incongruous, satiric; wry, tongue-in-cheek
antonyms: straightforward
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musty
a musty smell in the locker room
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musty
(adj.) stale, moldy; out-of-datesynonyms: stale, hackneyed,
antiquatedantonyms: fresh, sweet-smelling; up-
to-date, brand new
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officious
annoyed by the officious usher
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officious
(adj.) meddling; excessively forward in offering services or assuming authority
synonym: prying, impertinentantonym: reserved, diffident, timid;
aloof
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ominous
an ominous funnel cloud heading toward the apartment
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ominous
(adj.) unfavorable, threatening, of bad omen
synonyms: unpropitious, inauspicious, portentous
antonyms: auspicious, propitious, promising
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pinnacle
reach the pinnacle of Mt. Washington
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pinnacle
(n.) a high peak or pointsynonyms: an apex, acme, summit,
apogeeantonyms: a low point, nadir, perigee
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premeditated
guilty of premeditated murder
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premeditated
(adj., part.) considered beforehand, deliberately planned
synonyms: preplanned, rehearsed, calculated
antonyms: unplanned, spontaneous, impromptu
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rampant
rampant rumors about a snow day
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rampant
(adj.) growing without check, running wild
synonyms: widespread, unrestrained, extravagant
antonyms: controlled, restrained, held in check
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solace
find solace in sailing on the bay
solace the grieving girl
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solace
(n.) comfort, relief; (v.) to comfort, console
synonyms: to soothe, reassureantonyms: to vex, aggravate, upset
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stately
impressed by the stately ceremony
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stately
(adj.) dignified, majesticsynonyms: grand, magnificent,
imposingantonyms: lowly, humble; servile,
abject
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supple
the sapling’s supple branches
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supple
(adj.) bending easily,; bending with agility; readily adaptable; servile
synonyms: flexible, limber, pliableantonyms: stiff, rigid; unbending,
hidebound
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suppress
use force to suppress the protesters in Seattle
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suppress
(v.) to stop by force, put downsynonyms: to subdue, crush, stifle,
squelch, quashantonyms: to provoke, spur, arouse,
incite, instigate
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venal
a venal mayor who accepted bribes
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venal
(adj.) open to or marked by bribery or corruption
synonyms: bribable, corruptible; mercenary
antonyms: honest, scrupulous, incorruptible
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Unit 7
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
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abhor
abhor all forms of violence
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abhor
(v.) to regard with horror or loathing; to hate deeply
synonyms: to detest, despise, abominate
antonyms: to admire, cherish, respect; to relish
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amend
amend the club’s rules
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amend
(v.) to change in a formal way; to change for the better
synonyms: to modify; to improve, correct
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buffet
buffet by high winds
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buffet
(v.) to slap or cuff; to strike repeatedly; to drive or force with blows; force one’s way with difficulty; (n.) a slap, blow
synonyms: to batter, sock, thump, pummel
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chaos
the chaos brought on by revolution
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chaos
(n.) great confusion, disordersynonyms: anarchy, turmoil,
pandemoniumantonyms: order, regularity,
tranquillity, peace and quiet
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commodious
a commodious pantry
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commodious
(adj.) roomy, spacioussynonyms: comfortable, ample,
capacious, roomyantonyms: cramped, claustrophobic;
insufficient
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corrosive
angered by his corrosive humor
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corrosive
(adj.) eating away gradually, acidlike; bitterly sarcastic
synonyms: caustic, mordant, acidulous; spiteful
antonyms: bland, mild, benign, amiable
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discern
try to discern the truth
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discern
(v.) to see clearly, recognizesynonyms: to perceive, detect,
distinguishantonyms: to overlook, be blind to
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extant
the oldest extant specimens of primitive art
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extant
(adj.) still existing; not exterminated, destroyed, or lost
synonyms: surviving, existing, in existence
antonyms: extinct, defunct, vanished
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implicate
implicate everyone present in the plot
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implicate
(v.) to involve in; to connect with or be related to
synonyms: to incriminate; entangleantonyms: to absolve, exculpate, let
off the hook
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inter
inter those slain in battle
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inter
(v.) to bury; to consign to oblivionsynonyms: to bury, commit to the
earthantonyms: to unearth, exhume
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martinet
a stern martinet hated by his troops
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martinet
(n.) a strict disciplinarian; a stickler for the rules
synonyms: a taskmaster, slave driver
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obviate
took steps to obviate the difficulties
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obviate
(v.) to anticipate and prevent; to remove, dispose of
synonyms: to preclude, forestall, ward off
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renegade
scorned by all as a renegade
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renegade
(n.) one who leave a group; a deserted, outlaw; (adj.) traitorous; unconventional, unorthodox
synonyms: a turncoat, defector, hereticantonyms: a loyalist, patriot,
unswerving adherent
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reprehensible
reprehensible acts
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reprehensible
(adj.) deserving blame or punishment
synonyms: objectionable, blameworthy, culpable; odious
antonyms: blameless, commendable. meritorious
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somber
painted in dark, somber colors
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somber
(adj.) dark, gloomy; depressed or melancholy in spirit
synonyms: melancholy, mournful, dismal, gloomy
antonyms: bright, sunny; lighthearted, cheerful, jaunty
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squalid
forced to live in a squalid tenement
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squalid
(adj.) filthy, wretched, debasedsynonyms: dingy, sordid, foul, vile;
abjectantonyms: neat and clean, spruce;
exalted, lofty
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turbulent
a turbulent mob of angry protesters
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turbulent
(adj.) disorderly, riotous, violent; stormy
synonyms: tumultuous, unruly, agitated
antonyms: calm, placid, tranquil, still
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vociferous
vociferous appeals for aid
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vociferous
(adj.) loud and noisy; compelling attention
synonyms: clamorous, uproarious, blustering
antonyms: quiet; soft-spoken; muted, subdued
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voluminous
bored by those voluminous reports
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voluminous
(adj.) of great size; numerous; writing or speaking at great length
synonyms: bulky, massive; copious, plentiful
antonyms: scant, meager; brief, succinct
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waive
waive their right to the property
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waive
(v.) to do without, give up voluntarily; to put off temporarily, defer
synonyms: to decline, relinquish, forgoantonyms: to claim, accept; to insist on
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Unit 8
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
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animosity
the growing animosity among the factions
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animosity
(n.) strong dislike; bitter hostility
synonyms: enmity, rancor, antipathyantonyms: affection, fondness,
rapport, amity
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apathy
greeted my idea with total apathy.
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apathy
(n.) lack of feeling, emotion, or interest
synonyms: indifference, disinterest, detachment
antonyms: enthusiasm, fervor, ardor; concern
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apprehensive
tried to calm the apprehensive parents.
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apprehensive
(adj.) fearful or anxious, especially about the future
synonyms: worried, nervous, fretful, jittery
antonyms: assured, confident, unworried, certain
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commend
commend her for her excellent grades.
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commend
(v.) to praise, express approval; to present as worthy of attention; to commit of the care of.
Synonyms: to praise, pat on the back; to entrust
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compatible
statements not compatible with the facts
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compatible
(adj.) able to get along or work well together; capable of use with some other model or system
synonyms: harmonious, in agreement, like-minded
antonyms: mismatched, incongruous, antagonistic
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condolence
a condolence call
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condolence
(n.) an expression of sympathy
synonyms: commiseration, solace, sympathy
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consecrate
consecrate the new church
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consecrate
(v.) to make sacred, hallow; to set apart for a special purpose
synonyms: to devote, dedicate; to sanctify
antonyms: to desecrate, defile, profane, dishonor
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decrepit
unwilling to ride an old decrepit car
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decrepit
(adj.) old and feeble; worn out, ruined
synonyms: infirm, broken-down, rickety, dilapidated
antonyms: vigorous, robust, sturdy, hale and hearty
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deride
deride our accomplishments
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ingenuous
take advantage of the ingenuous youth
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ingenuous
(adj.) innocent, simple, frank, sincere
synonyms: naïve, artless, guileless, candid
antonyms: artful, crafty, worldly, sophisticated
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multifarious
a busy schedule of multifarious activities
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multifarious
(adj.). having a great variety; numerous and diverse
synonyms: varied, manifold, heterogeneous
antonyms: homogeneous, uniform, unvaried
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obsolete
get rid of the obsolete machinery
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obsolete
get rid of the obsolete machinery
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obsolete
(adj.) out of date, no longer in usesynonyms: outmoded, antiquated,
passe, “old hat”antonyms: current, up-to-date,
brand-new
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omnivorous
an omnivorous animal
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omnivorous
(adj.) eating every kind of food; eagerly taking in everything, having a wide variety of tastes
synonyms: all devouring, voracious
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parsimonious
his parsimonious employer
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parsimonious
(adj.) stingy, miserly; meager, poor, small
synonyms: frugal, niggardly, penny-pinching, “cheap”
antonyms: generous, open-handed
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quandary
help us out with this quandary
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quandary
(n.) a state of perplexity or doubt
synonyms: confusion, a dilemma, predicament
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recalcitrant
threaten to punish the recalcitrant children
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recalcitrant
(adj.) stubbornly disobedient, resisting authority
synonyms: unruly, obstinate, contrary, ornery
antonyms: obedient, docile, cooperative, compliant
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reprisal
fear what they will do in reprisal
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reprisal
(n.) an injury done in return for an injury
synonyms: retaliation, revenge, retribution
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revel
revel in the attention
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revel
(v.) to take great pleasure in; (n.) a wild celebration
synonyms: to relish, savor, bask in; to carouse
antonyms: to abhor, loathe
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stultify
stultify by the oppressive heat
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stultify
(v.) to make ineffective or useless, cripple; to have a dulling effect on
synonyms: to smother, stifle; to neutralize, negate
antonyms: to arouse, excite, inspire, stimulate
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suave
a suave man-about-town
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suave
(adj.) smoothly agreeable or polite; pleasing to the senses
synonyms: sophisticated, urbane, polished
antonyms: unpolished, crude, clumsy, oafish, loutish
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Unit 9
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
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allocate
allocate funds for the project
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allocate
(v.) to set apart or designate for a special purpose; to distribute
synonyms: to assign, allot, apportion
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ardent
(adj.) very enthusiastic, impassionedsynonyms: intense, zealous, fervent,
avidantonyms: indifferent, stolid,
phlegmatic, apathetic
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assiduous
an assiduous student
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assiduous
(adj). persistent, attentive, diligentsynonyms: industrious, unremitting,
sedulousantonyms: lazy, lackadaisical,
shiftless
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brash
a brash young hothead
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brash
(adj.) prone to act in a hasty manner; impudent
synonyms: rash, impetuous; brazen, impertinent
antonyms: prudent, wary, cautious, circumspect
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capricious
confused by his capricious behavior
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capricious
(adj.) subject to whims or passing fancies
synonyms: impulsive, fickle, unpredictable, mercurial
antonyms: constant, steady, steadfast, unwavering
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chastise
(v.) to inflict physical punishment as a means of correction; to scold severely
synonyms: to discipline, censure, call on the carpet
antonyms: to commend, pat on the back; to reward
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copious
take copious notes
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copious
(adj). abundant, plentiful; wordy, verbose
synonyms: ample, profuse, bountifulantonyms: inadequate, meager,
scanty; concise
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deviate
(v.) to stray aside; (n.) one who departs from a norm; (adj.) unconventional
synonyms: to diverge, veer, swerveantonyms: to conform to, abide by;
orthodox
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emaciated
the starving man’s emaciated body
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emaciated
(adj., part.) made unnaturally thinsynonyms: gaunt, withered,
shriveled, all skin and bonesantonyms: plump, fat, obese,
corpulent
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exult
exult in their unexpected victory
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exult
(v.) to rejoice greatlysynonyms: to revel, glory inantonyms: to mope, sulk; to regret,
rue, lament
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gnarled
the gnarled limbs of the oak tree
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gnarled
(adj.) knotted, twisted, lumpysynonyms: misshapen, contortedantonyms: smooth, unblemished,
straight
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indemnity
demand some indemnity for his losses
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indemnity
(n.) a payment for damage or loss
synonyms: compensation, restitution, reparation
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inkling
gave no inkling of how she really felt
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inkling
(n.) a hint; a vague notion
synonyms: a clue, intimation, suggestion
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limpid
the limpid waters of a mountain lake
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limpid
(adj.) clear, transparent; readily understood
synonyms: lucid, intelligible; transparent, clear
antonyms: clouded, murky, opaque
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omnipotent
do not want an omnipotent ruler
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omnipotent
(adj.) almighty, having unlimited power or authority
synonyms: all-powerfulantonyms: powerless, impotent,
feeble, weak
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palatable
find the cafeteria food most palatable
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palatable
(adj.) agreeable to the taste or one’s sensibilities; suitable for consumption
synonyms: edible; appetizing, attractive
antonyms: inedible; distasteful, disagreeable
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poignant
a poignant death scene
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poignant
(adj.) deeply affecting, touching; keen or sharp in taste or smell
synonyms: heartrending, bittersweet, melancholy
antonyms: unaffecting, bland, vapid, insipid; funny
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rancor
feel no rancor at his defeat
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rancor
felt no rancor at his defeat
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rancor
(n.) bittersweet resentment or ill-willsynonyms: animosity, enmity,
bitternessantonyms: goodwill, harmony,
rapport, amity
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sophomoric
vexed by their sophomoric comments
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sophomoric
(adj.) immature but overconfident; conceited
synonyms: pretentious; superficial, fatuous
antonyms: mature; judicious, sage; knowledgeable
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spontaneous
the spontaneous reaction of a child
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spontaneous
(adj.) arising naturally; not planned or engineered in advance
synonyms: unpremeditated, unplanned, impromptu
antonyms: planned, contrived, premeditated, rehearsed
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Unit 10
Vocabulary Workshop
Level E
Regular 10 English
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acquiesce
acquiesce to her parents’ request
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acquiesce
(v.) to accept without protest; to agree or submit
synonyms: comply with, accede, consent, yield
antonyms: resist, protest
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allure
allured by dreams of stardom
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allure
(v.) to entice, tempt,; to be attractive to (n.) a strong attraction; the power to attract, charm
synonyms: (v.) beguile, tantalize; (n.) temptation, enticement
antonyms: (v.) repel, turn off (n.) repellant
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askew
his face askew when he sneezed
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askew
(adj., adv.) twisted to one side, crooked; disapprovingly
synonyms: awry, lopsided, cockeyed
antonyms: straight, symmetrical
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blithe
blithe boys who won the lottery
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blithe
(adj.) cheerful, lighthearted; casual, unconcerned
synonyms: carefree, nonchalant, indifferent
antonyms: glum, morose, despondent, depressed
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contentious
the contentious countries
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contentious
(adj.) quarrelsome, inclined to argue
synonyms: argumentative, disputatious, combative
antonyms: agreeable, amiable, affable, pacific
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covet
covet the dress she was wearing
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covet
(v.) to desire something belonging to another
synonyms: crave, yearn for, hunger for
antonyms: disdain, scorn, despise
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crestfallen
crestfallen after losing the game
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crestfallen
(adj.) discouraged, dejected, downcast
synonyms: despondent, disconsolate
antonyms: elated, cheerful, self-satisfied, cocky
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disheveled
his disheveled hair
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disheveled
(adj.) rumpled, mussed; hanging in disorder
synonyms: untidy, disarranged, tousled, unkempt
antonyms: tidy, neat, orderly, well-groomed
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exponent
an exponent of constant reading
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exponent (n.) none who advocates, speaks for,
explains, or interprets; (math) the power to which a number, symbol, or expression is to be raised
synonyms: defender, champion, interpreter
antonyms: critic, adversary, faultfinder, detractor
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garrulous
the garrulous girls
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garrulous
(adj.) given to much talking, tediously chatty
synonyms: talkative, loquacious, long-winded
antonyms: reticent, mum, taciturn, laconic, reserved
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insuperable
the insuperable Super Bowl winners
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insuperable
(adj.) incapable of being overcome
synonyms: invincible, insurmountable
antonyms: surmountable, conquerable
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lamentable
the lamentable conditions after Katrina
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lamentable
(adj.) to be regretted or pitied
synonyms: deplorable, regrettable, distressing
antonyms: praiseworthy, commendable, laudable
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misnomer
“Danger” is no misnomer
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misnomer
(n.) an unsuitable or misleading name
synonyms: misnaming, malapropism
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profess
professes to be a baseball fan
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profess
(v.) to affirm openly; to state belief in; to claim, pretend
synonyms: assert, declare, proclaim, purport
antonyms: disclaim, disavow, repudiate
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respite
respite from school during vacation
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respite
(n.) a brief period of relief or rest
synonyms: interval, intermission, lull, breather
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retribution
(n.) a repayment; a deserved punishment
synonyms: recompense, requital, just desserts
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sinuous
the sinuous road along the Delaware River
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sinuous
(adj.) winding, having many curves; lithe and flexible
synonyms: twisting, convoluted, serpentine, supple
antonyms: direct, straight, unbending, stiff, rigid
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sonorous
the sonorous snoring of the man
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sonorous
(adj.) full, deep, or rich in sound; impressive in style
synonyms: resonant, resounding, grandiloquent
antonyms: tinny, reedy, harsh, grating
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vanguard
Apple computers, the vanguard of technology
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vanguard
(n.) the foremost part of an army; the leading position in any field
synonyms: forefront, cutting edge, trailblazers
antonyms: rear guard, stragglers, laggards
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wastrel
a wastrel at Bloomingdales
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wastrel
(n.) a wasteful person, spendthrift; a good-for-nothing
synonyms: loafer, idler, squanderer, profligate
antonyms: skinflint, tightwad, miser
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Chapter 11
Vocabulary Workshop
Level E –
Regular 10 English
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allude
allude to the fight in the hall
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allude
(v.) to refer to casually or indirectly
synonyms: suggest, insinuate, hint at, intimate
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clairvoyant
visited the clairvoyant sports announcer
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clairvoyant (adj.) supernaturally perceptive (n.) one who possesses extrasensory powers, seer synonyms: (adj.) insightful, discerning,
uncanny; (n.) visionary antonyms: (adj.) blind, unseeing, myopic, dense, imperceptive
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conclusive
conclusive evidence about the murder
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conclusive
(adj.) serving to settle an issue; final
synonyms: decisive, indisputable, convincing, definitive
antonyms: unsettled, provisional, indefinite
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disreputable
the disreputable street corner
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disreputable
(adj.) not respectable, not esteemed
synonyms: disgraceful, discreditable, shady
antonyms: honest, aboveboard, respectable, creditable
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endemic
the palm trees endemic to Florida
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endemic
(adj.) native or confined to a particular region or people; characteristic of or prevalent in a field
synonyms: indigenous, restricted to
antonyms: alien, foreign, extraneous
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exemplary
the exemplary I-Search paper which received an “A”
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exemplary
(adj.) worthy of imitation, commendable; serving as a model
synonyms: praiseworthy, meritorious, sterling, illustrative
antonyms: infamous, notorious, scandalous, disreputable
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fathom
tried to fathom the math problem
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fathom
(v.) to understand, get to the bottom; to determine the depth of; (n.) a measure of depth in water
synonyms: (v.) grasp, comprehend, figure out, plumb
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guile
the liar’s guile
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guile
(n.) treacherous cunning, deceit synonyms: trickery, duplicity,
chicanery
antonyms: candor, artlessness, naïveté, plain dealing
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integrity
the integrity of the boy who never cheated
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integrity
(n.) honesty, high moral standards; an unimpaired condition, completeness, soundness
synonyms: rectitude, probity
antonyms: dishonesty, corruption, turpitude
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itinerary
the itinerary for the class trip to Florida
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itinerary
(n.) a route of travel; a record of travel; a guidebook
synonyms: schedule, program
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misconstrue
misconstrue the car dealer’s offer
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misconstrue
(v.) to interpret wrongly, mistake the meaning of
synonyms: misjudge, misinterpret
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obnoxious
the obnoxious smell of rotting fish
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obnoxious
(adj.) highly offensive; arousing strong dislike
synonyms: disagreeable, repugnant, hateful, odious
antonyms: agreeable, pleasing, engaging, personable
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placate
placate the fussy baby
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placate
(v.) to appease, soothe, pacify
synonyms: satisfy, mollify, allay, conciliate
antonyms: vex, irk, provoke, exasperate, annoy
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placid
the placid lake
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placid
(adj.) calm, peaceful
synonyms: undisturbed, tranquil, quiet, serene
antonyms: stormy, agitated, turbulent, tempestuous
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plagiarism
failed the paper because of plagiarism
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plagiarism
(n.) passing off or using as one’s own the writing (or other materials) of another person
synonyms: piracy, theft
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potent
the potent antibiotic
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potent
(adj.) powerful; highly effective
synonyms: mighty, forcible, formidable
antonyms: weak, inept, feckless, powerless, ineffective
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pretext
the pretext that she was absent due to illness
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pretext
(n.) a false reason, deceptive excuse
synonyms: pretense, cover story, rationale, evasion
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protrude
the tooth that protrudes
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protrude
(v.) to stick out, thrust forth
synonyms: project, jut out, bulge
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stark
the stark desert
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stark
(adj.) harsh, unrelieved, desolate; (adv) utterly
synonyms: (adj.) sheer, downright, grim, bleak; (adv.) absolutely
antonyms: (adj.) bright, cheerful, embellished, ornate
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superficial
the superficial wound on his hand
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superficial
(adj.) on or near the surface; concerned with or understanding only what is on the surface, shallow
synonyms: skin-deep, insubstantial, cursory, slapdash
antonyms: deep, profound, thorough, exhaustive
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Unit 12
Vocabulary Workshop Level E – Regular 10 English
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abjure
Prospero abjures his powers over nature
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abjure
(v.) to renounce, repudiate under oath, to avoid, shun
synonyms: forswear, retract, recant, abstain from
antonyms : affirm, avow, aver, profess
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acrid
the acrid stench of the fire
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acrid
(adj.) harsh in taste or odor; sharp in manner or temper
synonyms: irritating, stinging, bitter, caustic
antonyms: gentle, soothing, mild
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august
august visages of four of America’s great presidents
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august
(adj.) majestic, inspiring admiration and respect
synonyms: stately, dignified, exalted, venerable
antonyms: humble, base, mean, lowly, abject
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callous
accused the mayor of callous indifference
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callous
(adj.) emotionally hardened, unfeeling
synonyms: insensitive, unsympathetic, thick-skinned
antonyms: sensitive, compassionate, tenderhearted
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clandestine
clandestine search by the FBI
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clandestine
(adj.) secret, concealed, underhanded
synonyms: covert, furtive, surreptitious, stealthy
antonyms: open, overt, undisguised, aboveboard
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compunction
no compunction about his cheating
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compunction
(n.) remorse, regret
synonyms: scruple, qualm, misgiving, contrition
antonyms: shamelessness, insouciance, nonchalance
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conflagration
squirting water on the conflagration
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conflagration
(n.) a large, destructive fire
synonyms: holocaust, wildfire
antonyms: deluge, flood
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elated
elated women on South Street
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elated
(adj. part.) in high spirits, jubilant, extremely pleased
synonyms: overjoyed, ecstatic, tickled pink
antonyms: depressed, crestfallen, despondent, blue
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indelible
indelible ink stain on the board
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indelible
(adj.) not able to be erased or removed; memorable
synonyms: lasting, permanent, unforgettable
antonyms: erasable, impermanent, ephemeral
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indulgent
indulgent father bought the spoiled boy a Corvette
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indulgent
(adj.) yielding to the wishes or demands of others
synonyms: lenient, permissive, tolerant, liberal
antonyms: strict, severe, inflexible, hard-nosed
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inveterate
an inveterate liar
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inveterate
(adj.) firmly established
synonyms: persisting, chronic, dyed-in-the-wool
antonyms: sporadic, intermittent, occasional
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irrelevant
irrelevant sentences in the essay
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irrelevant
(adj.) not to the point, not applicable or pertinent
synonyms: inapplicable, immaterial, beside the point
antonyms: pertinent, material, apropos, germane
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nocturnal
nocturnal animals including raccoons
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nocturnal
(adj.) of or occurring in the night; under cover of darkness
synonyms: nighttime
antonyms: daytime, diurnal
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platitude
the teacher’s platitudes
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platitude
(n.) a commonplace, stale, or trite remark
synonyms: cliché, truism, bromide
antonyms: epigram, quip, witticism, bon mot
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quell
quell the riot
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quell
(v.) to subdue, put down forcibly
synonyms: suppress, pacify, squelch, quash, crush
antonyms: incite, provoke, arouse, foment, stir up
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quiescent
the quiescent, sleeping child
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quiescent
(adj.) inactive, at rest
synonyms: still, inert, motionless, dormant, tranquil
antonyms: active, thriving, lively, bustling, volatile
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ruminate
ruminate on that for awhile
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ruminate
(v.) to meditate, think about at length
synonyms: ponder, reflect, mull over, muse
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tacit
a tacit understanding with each other
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tacit
(adj.) unspoken, silent; implied, inferred
synonyms: unexpressed, unvoiced, understood, implicit
antonyms: explicit, express, specific
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tangible
tangible progress toward a settlement
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tangible
(adj.) capable of being touched; real, concrete
synonyms: perceptible, actual, evident, palpable
antonyms: immaterial, imperceptible, insubstantial
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trenchant
the trenchant satires of Jonathan Swift
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trenchant
(adj.) incisive, keen; forceful, effective; cutting, caustic; distinct, clear-cut
synonyms: penetrating, cutting, telling, acute
antonyms: dull, bland, vapid, imperceptive
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Unit 13
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
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antipathy
has an antipathy for spinach
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antipathy
(n.) a strong dislike, hostile feelingsynonyms: hostility, enmity,
aversion, bad bloodantonyms: attraction, appeal, allure,
sympathy
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applicable
not applicable to this case
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applicable
(adj.) capable of being applied; relevant, suitable
synonyms: appropriate, relevant, fit, apt, apposite
antonyms: inappropriate, unsuitable, irrelevant
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asset
the company’s asset
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asset
(n.) something of value; a resource; an advantage
synonyms: a property, possession, holding, endowment
antonyms: a drawback, handicap, liability
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beset
beset with many fears
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beset
(v.) to attack from all sides; to surround, hem in (part.) harassed, troubled
synonyms: to assail, harass, badger, pester, torment
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compassion
felt compassion for the poor
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compassion
(n.) sympathy for another’s suffering; pity
synonyms: concern, pity, commiseration, empathy
antonyms: indifference, callousness, heartlessness
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decorum
disturb the decorum of the meeting
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decorum
(noun) proper behavior, good taste; orderliness
synonyms: seemliness, good form, propriety
antonyms: impropriety, bad form, bad taste
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duress
confessed under duress
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duress
(n.) compulsion by threat; forcible confinement
synonyms: compulsion, intimidation, coercion
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exuberant
unable to control their exuberant spirits
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exuberant
(adj.) high spirited, enthusiastic, unrestrained, excessive, abundant
synonyms: lively, ebullient, irrepressible; lavish
antonyms: depressed, despondent, sulky
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facsimile
obtain a facsimile of the Constitution
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facsimile
(n.) an exact copysynonyms: a replica, duplicate,
reproduction, cloneantonyms: a variation, modification,
permutation
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imbibe
imbibe knowledge from many sources
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imbibe
(v.) to drink; to take in, absorbsynonyms: to swallow, gulp, quaff;
to assimilate, digestantonyms: to eject, emit, expel,
discharge
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implacable
fighting against an implacable enemy
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implacable
(adj.) not to be satisfied or pacified; unyielding
synonyms: relentless, inexorable, unappeasable
antonyms: lenient, indulgent, permissive; flexible
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an infinitesimal amount of dust
infinitesimal
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infinitesimal
(adj.) so small as to be almost immeasurable; minute
synonyms: tiny, microscopic, minuscule; unnoticeable
antonyms: vast, immense, huge, infinite
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innocuous
makes innocuous remarks
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innocuous
(adj.) harmless, inoffensive; insignificant
synonyms: feeble, impotent; unobjectionable; insipid
antonyms: harmful, dangerous, pernicious, toxic, virulent
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militate
since the present situation militates against the success of the undertaking
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militate
(v.) to have effect or force on or against someone or something
synonyms: to counter, oppose, work against
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patent
make a patent error
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patent
(n.) exclusive rights over an invention; copyright (v.) to arrange or obtain such rights (adj.) plain, open to view; copyrighted
synonyms: evident, plainantonyms: hidden, clandestine
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prowess
won fame for his military prowess
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prowess
(n.) distinguished bravery; superior skill or ability
synonyms: valor, courage, heroism, mastery, proficiency
antonyms: cowardice, incompetence, ineptitude
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sedate
conduct herself in a sedate manner
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sedate
(adj.) quiet, settled, sober (v.) to administer a tranquilizer
synonyms: unruffled, composed, cool and collected
antonyms: loud, brash, flashy, flamboyant; flighty, giddy
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stentorian
the speaker’s stentorian delivery
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stentorian
(adj.) extremely loudsynonyms: thundering, booming,
deafening, earsplittingantonyms: hushed, inaudible,
whispered, mute
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stipulate
stipulate the terms of employment
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stipulate
(v.) to arrange specifically; to require as a condition of agreement
synonyms: to specify, require, contract, provide for
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ultimatum
present an ultimatum to the enemy
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ultimatum
(n.) a final proposal or statement of conditions
synonym: final termsantonyms: persuasion, coaxing,
sweet talk, cajolery
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Chapter 14
Vocabulary Workshop
Level E
Regular 10 English
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alacrity
firemen responded with alacrity
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alacrity
(n.) a cheerful readiness; brisk and eager action
synonyms: promptness, willingness, dispatch, celerity
antonyms: reluctance, unwillingness, hesitancy
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alleviate
an aspirin to alleviate the pain
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alleviate
(v.) to relieve, make more bearable
synonyms: lessen, lighten, allay, mitigate, assuage
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antithesis
the antithesis of our government
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antithesis
(n.) the direct opposite, a sharp contrast
synonyms: contrary, antipode
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appall
the assassination appalled the nation
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appall
(v.) to fill with dismay or horror
synonyms: shock, stun, stupefy, horrify
antonyms: please, cheer, gladden, elate, exhilarate
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bellicose
the bellicose dictator
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bellicose
(adj.) warlike in manner or temperament; quarrelsome
synonyms: aggressive, combative, belligerent
antonyms: amicable, peaceable, conciliatory, pacific
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disparage
disparage their efforts
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disparage
(v.) to belittle, speak slightingly of; to undervalue
synonyms: degrade, decry, run down, underrate
antonyms: praise, extol, laud, plug
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dissonant
the sound of dissonant voices
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dissonant
(adj.) not in harmony; disagreeing, at odds
synonyms: grating, strident, unmelodious, irreconcilable
antonyms: harmonious, agreeing, euphonious
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droll
a droll sense of humor
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droll
(adj.) amusingly odd
synonyms: comical, humorous, whimsical, zany
antonyms: humorless, solemn, dour
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edict
banished forever by a royal edict
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edict
(n.) an order issued by someone in authority
synonyms: command, decree, proclamation
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elucidate
a text hard to elucidate
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elucidate
(v.) to clarify, explain
synonyms: interpret, expound, explicate
antonyms: obscure, becloud, muddy, obfuscate
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laud
laud the fine performance
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laud
(v.) to praise
synonyms: hail, extol, glorify, exalt
antonyms: criticize, censure, belittle, disparage
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loll
loll in a hammock under the trees
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loll
(v.) to act in a lazy manner; to lounge; to recline, droop
synonyms: loaf, loiter, sag, dangle
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loquacious
(adj.) talkative; wordy, fond of talking
synonyms: gossipy, voluble, garrulous, long-winded
antonyms: petty, selfish, unforgiving, spiteful
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magnanimous
a magnanimous donation to charity
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magnanimous
(adj.) generous in forgiving; above small meanness
synonyms: unselfish, charitable, noble, bighearted
antonyms: petty, selfish, unforgiving, spiteful
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mandatory
the mandatory assignment due
tomorrow
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mandatory
(adj.) required, obligatory
synonyms: compulsory, requisite, imperative
antonyms: optional, voluntary, discretionary
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nondescript
the nondescript, drab dress
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nondescript
(adj.) ordinary, not outstanding; not easily classified
synonyms: plain, unremarkable, unimpressive
antonyms: distinctive, remarkable, vivid, prepossessing
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phlegmatic
as phlegmatic as a sloth
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phlegmatic
(adj.) slow-moving, sluggish, unemotional
synonyms: lethargic, indolent, torpid, stolid, impassive
antonyms: emotional, sensitive, thin-skinned, excitable
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rescind
rescinded the previous law
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rescind
(v.) to repeal, cancel
synonyms: withdraw, revoke, retract, annul, abrogate
antonyms: affirm, endorse, uphold, ratify
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vivacious
the vivacious cheerleader
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vivacious
(adj.) lively, sprightly, full of energy
synonyms: spirited, animated, ebullient
antonyms: dull, spiritless, listless, indolent, languid
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whet
whet your curiosity
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whet
(v.) to sharpen, put an edge on; to make keen or eager
synonyms: hone, excite, stimulate
antonyms: dull, blunt, deaden, stifle, dampen
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Unit 15
Vocabulary Workshop
Level E
Regular 10 English
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abrasive
abrasive cleansers that leave scratches
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abrasive
(adj.) causing irritation, harsh; grinding or wearing down; (n.) substance used to smooth or polish
synonyms (adj.) chafing, grating, rasping, erosive
antonyms (adj.) smooth, polished, satiny, oily unctuous
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acclimate
acclimate to the new school
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acclimate
(v.) to adapt to a new climate, environment, or situation
synonyms: accustom, learn the
ropes
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chagrin
felt chagrin after missing the basket
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chagrin
(n.) irritation or humiliation caused by disappointment or frustration ((v.) to cause such a feeling
synonyms: (n.) vexation, mortification; (v,) abash, mortify
antonyms: (n.) jubilation, exultation, triumph; (v.) exult, delight
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complacent
complacent about his grades
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complacent
(adj.) self-satisfied; overly content
synonyms: smug, pleased with oneself
antonyms: discontented, chagrined
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concur
concurred with the manager’s decision
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concur
(v.) to express agreement, approve
synonyms: agree, assent, ratify, approve
antonyms: disagree, differ, part company
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defamation
sued for defamation
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defamation
(n.) slander or libel
synonyms: vilification, calumny, mudslinging
antonyms: salute, tribute, testimonial, praise
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explicate
explicate the themes of the novel
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explicate
(v.) to make plain or clear, explain; to interpret
synonyms: clarify, elucidate, untangle, spell out
antonyms: confuse, bewilder, obscure, obfuscate
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fracas
a fracas during the hockey game
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fracas
(n.) a noisy quarrel or brawl
synonyms: row, altercation, rhubarb, brouhaha
antonyms: agreement, accord, unanimity, harmony
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grotesque
grotesque pictures on the walls of the house
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grotesque
(adj.) unnatural, distorted; bizarre
synonyms: fantastic, outlandish, ugly, deformed
antonyms: appealing, attractive, comely
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pandemonium
pandemonium on Fridays on South Street
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pandemonium
(n.) a wild uproar, din, or commotion
synonyms: chaos, tumult, bedlam, three-ring circus
antonyms: order, calm, tranquility, peace, repose
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raucous
heard the loud raucous in the hallway
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raucous
(adj.) disagreeably harsh-sounding, disorderly
synonyms: boisterous, clamorous, strident
antonyms: placid, tranquil, peaceful, serene, pastoral
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receptive
receptive to new ideas
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receptive
(adj.) open and responsive to new ideas or suggestions
synonyms: open-minded, tolerant, amenable
antonyms: narrow-minded, intolerant, hidebound
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renounce
renounce his previous beliefs
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renounce
(v.) to give up or resign something
synonyms: repudiate, disown, abdicate, abjure
antonyms: retain, secure, affirm, assent, aver
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repress
(v.) to hold back; to put down or check by force
synonyms: subdue, curb, stifle, constrain, bottle up
antonyms: liberate, set loose, provoke, excite
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reticent
(adj.) not inclined to speak; reserved, reluctant
synonyms: taciturn, closemouthed, tight-lipped
antonyms: talkative, garrulous, voluble, long-winded
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savory
a savory meal in the school cafeteria
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savory
(adj.) tasty, appetizing; pungent or salty, not sweet; inoffensive, respectable
synonyms: delectable, flavorful, aromatic, piquant
antonyms: distasteful, unpalatable, malodorous, bland
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somnolent
the somnolent students in the morning
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somnolent
(adj.) sleepy, drowsy, inducing sleep
synonyms: groggy, soporific
antonyms: alert, lively, wide-awake, stimulating
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vehement
vehement about despising racism
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vehement
(adj.) intense, forceful, powerful
synonyms: emphatic, fierce, vigorous, impassioned
antonyms: uncommunicative, reticent, taciturn, terse
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voluble
voluble students who interrupted their peers
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voluble
(adj.) characterized by a steady flow of words; glib, fluent
synonyms: loquacious, garrulous, long-winded, prolix
antonyms: reluctant, unwilling, averse, tepid
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zealous
zealous about doing vocabulary assignments
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zealous
(adj.) eager, earnest, devoted
synonyms: ardent, fervent, devout, dogged, gung ho
antonyms: reluctant, unwilling, averse, tepid