vocabulary review ch 30 – plant reproduction. a reproductive structure that produces male sex...
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Vocabulary Vocabulary ReviewReview
Ch 30 – Plant Ch 30 – Plant ReproductionReproduction
A reproductive structure that
produces male sex cells in flowerless
and seedless plants
Antheridium
A female reproductive structure of small, nonvascular plants
that produces a single egg and in which fertilization and
development take place
Archegonium
The production of only one kind of
spore
Homospory
A cluster of spores or sporangia
Sorus
The smaller of the two types of
spores produced by most plants
that develops into the male
gametophyteMicrospore
The larger of the two types of
spores produced by heterosporous plants; develops
into a female gametophyteMegaspore
The production of two or more kinds of asexual spores
Heterospory
The outer, protective
covering of a body, a body part,
an ovule, or a sporangium
Integument
The small opening in the wall of an ovule through which a pollen tube enters the
ovule
Micropyle
A structure in the ovary of a seed plant that
contains an embryo sac and that develops into a
seed after fertilization; in gymnosperms the ovule is found in the carpel and is structurally simple and
nakedOvule
The structure that contains the male gametophyte of
seed plants
Pollen grain
The transfer of pollen from the male
reproductive structures (the anthers) to the tip of
a female reproductive structure (the pistil) of a flower in angiosperms or
to the ovule in gymnosperms
Pollination
A tubular structure that grows from a
pollen grain, enters the embryo sac, and
allows the male reproductive cells to
move to the ovule
Pollen tube
The enlarged tip of a flower stalk to
which the flower is attached
Receptacle
In a flower, one of the outermost
rings of modified leaves that protect
the flower bud
Sepal
One of the usually brightly colored, leaf-shaped parts that make up one of the rings of a
flower
Petal
The male reproductive
structure of a flower that produces pollen
and consists of an anther at the tip of a
filament
Stamen
In flowering plants, the tip of a
stamen, which contains the pollen sacs where grains
form
Anther
In flowers, the part of a stamen that supports the
anther
Filament
The structure where the ovule is in flowering plants
Carpel
The female reproductive part of
a flower that produces seeds and consists of an ovary,
style, and stigma, made of one or more
fused carpelsPistil
In the female reproductive system of animals, an organ that
produces eggs; in flowering plants, the lower part of a pistil
that produces eggs in ovules
Ovary
In plants, the slender, upper
part of the pistil
Style
The expanded apex of a pistil,
supported by the style; the part of
the pistil that receives the pollen
Stigma
In plants, the female gametophyte that develops from a megaspore; contains the ovum that fuses with a
sperm nucleus during fertilization to form an
embryo and seven other cells, including the polar bodies
that fuse with another sperm nucleus to form endosperm
Embryo sac
One of the two haploid nuclei in the embryo sac of a seed plant
that fuse with a male gamete to form the
triploid cell that develops into the
endospermPolar nucleus
The cell of a pollen grain that gives
rise to the pollen tube
Tube cell
In a pollen grain, the cell that
divides mitotically and forms two
sperm cells
Generative cell
A sugar-containing fluid secreted by flowers to attract
birds or insects for pollination
Nectar
The process by which one of the two sperm nuclei
fuses with the egg nucleus to produce a
diploid zygote and the other fuses with the polar
nuclei to produce a triploid endosperm
Double fertilization
The production of new individuals
Propagation
The protective, outer covering of a
seed
Seed coat
The developing shoot above the
cotyledons in plant embryos; consists of the epicotyl and
young leaves
Plumule
The portion of the stem of a plant embryo that is between the
cotyledons and the first true leaves
Epicotyl
The portion of the stem of a plant embryo that is between the
cotyledons and the embryonic root
Hypocotyl
In plants, the embryonic, or primary, root
Radicle
On a plant seed, a scar that marks where the seed was attached to the ovary wall
Hilum
A state in which seeds, spores, bulbs, and other reproductive organs stop growth
and development and reduce their
metabolism, especially respirationDormancy
An organism that is produced by asexual
reproduction and that is genetically identical to its parent; to make
a genetic duplicate
Clone
A type of asexual reproduction in
which new plants grow from
nonreproductive plant parts
Vegetative Reproduction
A root, stem, or leaf that is cut
from a living plant and that can
produce a new plant
Cutting
The process of causing roots to form on stems or
branches of a plant that are
covered with soil
Layering
A technique in which a portion of
one plant is attached to the root or shoot of
another plant and grows there
Grafting
The technique for growing living
cells in an artificial medium
Tissue culture