vocabulary instruction and learning
DESCRIPTION
Approaches to vocabulary instruction and learningTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
VocabularyBy Husain Abdolhay
April 2009
Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (2004) 24, 146B161. Printed in the USA.Copyright 8 2004 Cambridge University Press 0267-1905/04 $12.00 DOI: 10.1017/S0267190504000078
![Page 2: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
CONTENTS Approaches to vocabulary instruction and learning
Vocabulary selection and coverage The vocabulary of speech
Specific purpose vocabulary Learner dictionaries
Vocabulary in the classroom Computer application
Assessing vocabulary knowledge
![Page 3: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Approaches to vocabulary instruction & learning
Incidental (implicit):
Learning vocabulary via another learning activity
Intentional (explicit) :
Focusing on words and consciously trying to
learn them
![Page 4: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Incidental learning Written input:
Swanborn & de Glopper(2002):
readers’ purpose and level of reading ability Pulido(2003):
reader ability, topic familiarity and passive sight vocabulary
Spoken input :
Vidal(2003)
![Page 5: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Longer-term retention of words
Hulstijn(2001)
Quality and frequency of the information
processing activities (i.e., elaboration on aspects of a word’s form and meaning, plus rehearsal)
![Page 6: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Incidental and Intentional as Complementary
)Hulstijn, 2001(rehearsal of words, rote learning, and training in automatic word recognition as one component of vocabulary learning, particularly for beginning and intermediate-level learners
Any gains from incidental learning will be modest for them, when compared with what can be achieved with more “intentional” or direct forms of vocabulary study
![Page 7: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
task-induced involvement
The learners’ need to achieve
A need to search for information on the meaning or form of the word
Evaluation of how the information obtained applied to the particular use of the word in question
) Hulstijn & Laufer, 2001 (
![Page 8: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Relationship between Task Variables & Retention
Do vocabulary learning activities which require pushed output help students retain more new words
than input-based tasks?
)Hulstijn & Laufer, 2001(
![Page 9: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
High-frequency Words
West’s General Service List (1953)
Pedagogical value of the General Service List:
semantic basis of its selection and presentation
word families
Word frequency lists derived from the British National Corpus (BNC)
![Page 10: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Vocabulary of Speech
Cambridge and Nottingham Corpus of Discourse in English (CANCODE)
Adolphs and Schmitt(2003):
3000-word vocabulary a more realistic goal for the lexical demands of everyday conversation
![Page 11: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
What percentage of knowledge of words of a text is needed to fully understand a written or spoken
text?
80% for an adequate understanding
95% must be known to infer meaning
98% to read independently
Bonk (2000)
Hu and Nation (2000)
95 % as a minimum threshold for incidental learning to take place
![Page 12: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Specific Purpose Vocabulary
Coxhead’s Academic Word List:
Subtechnical terms
Ward’s corpus of discipline-specific texts:
Technical terms
word frequency and the meanings and uses of particular lexical items in the field of study
![Page 13: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Learner Dictionaries
Access manually
Consult electronically
Tribble’s (2003) comparison of the CD-ROM versions of the five leading advanced learners’ dictionaries
![Page 14: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Research on learners’ preferences and their actual use of the dictionaries:
Nesi (2000)
Research on performing dictionary-free tasks :
Nesi (2000)
![Page 15: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Effect of dictionary features on task performance
Nesi (2000)
Neither the particular defining style used by a dictionary nor the inclusion of examples in a dictionary entry had a measurable effect on learners’ ability to produce acceptable sentences incorporating the target word
![Page 16: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Research on Learner’s variables and Dictionary use:
1.Nationality:
) English as a foreign language(
) English as a second language(
2.Linguistic distance
![Page 17: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Strategic use of dictionary
Nesi and Haill (2002):
Definite limits on the ability of learners to make full use of the information about words in dictionary if they consult it independently, without the guidance of a teacher
![Page 18: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Vocabulary in the Classroom
Teacher talk and vocabulary growth:
Lightbown, Meara, and Halter (1998)
Teaching methods and vocabulary acquisition:
Tang and Nesi (2003)
![Page 19: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Computer Applications
Groot (2000)CAVOCA (Computer Assisted Vocabulary Acquisition)
Access to electronic dictionary or to hyperlinks providing glosses and other useful information about particular words
![Page 20: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
How best to present the glosses
Marking glossed words (underlining or color font)
De Ridder (2002)
Multimedia glossing:
pictorial and written annotations of words
Visual glossing still pictures and video clips with sound(
![Page 21: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Effect of multimedia glossing on retention:
)Plass, Chun, Mayer, & Leutner, 1998(
Research on Visual glossing:
Al-Seghayer (2001)
Chun and Plass (1996)
![Page 22: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
relationship between L2 & L1 equivalences and retention of the words
Laufer and Hill (2000)
Text Ladder by Ghadirian (2002)
![Page 23: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Assessing Vocabulary Knowledge
Vocabulary size (breadth):
How many words the learner knows
Depth of vocabulary knowledge:
How well different word knowledge components are known
![Page 24: Vocabulary instruction and learning](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061214/549e68c0b379596d4b8b458e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Assessing Vocabulary Size
Nation’s Vocabulary Levels Test
Assessing depth of Vocabulary Knowledge
Read’s word associates test