Chap 2 Political Revolutions

Vocab Words

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1) The Enlightenment-Intellectual Movement that stressed reason and questioned the traditional role of government

2) Absolute Monarchy-Ruler who has complete authority over the government and lives of its citizens and rule through the theory of divine right

3)Louis XVI-Absolute monarch of France whose failed attempts at reform led to the French Revolution

4) Marie Antoinette- Queen of France whose lavish lifestyle and spending became the basis for the French Revolution

5) Old Regime-the traditional political and social structure of France before the French Revolution

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6)First Estate- Social Class consisting of Roman Catholic Clergy Members

7)Second Estate- Social Class consisting of the French Nobility

8)Third Estate-Social Class consisting of the Middle Class that embraced the Enlightenment ideals and demanded change which led to the French Revolution

9)National Assembly- Legislature made up of delegates from the Third Estate that demanded the end of absolute monarchy

10)Bastille- A prison located in Paris, France that was attacked by French revolutionaries in order to gain weapons

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11) Maximilien Robespierre- Radical revolutionary and became leader of the French government after the French Revolution

12) Committee of Public Safety- Chief mission was to protect Robespierre’s power by any means necessary

13) Reign of Terror- Chaotic time of Robespierre’s rule in which hundreds of people that challenged his rule were arrested and executed

14)Napoleon Bonaparte- French General that began a dictatorship and eventually wanted to control all of Europe

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15) Napoleonic Code: Comprehensive law code started by Napoleon that promoted order and authority over individual rights

16) Congress of Vienna- Restored order to Europe after the defeat

of Napoleon

17) Toussaint L’Ouverture- Former slave that led an independence movement in Haiti against French colonial rule

18) Simon Bolivar/Jose de San Martin- Latin American revolutionaries that led independence movements throughout South America

19) Porfirio Diaz- Unjust Dictator of Mexico

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20) Pancho Villa/Emiliano Zapata- Mexican revolutionaries that eventually led to end of Diaz’s

reign over Mexico