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TRANSCRIPT
September 2014 Sampling of Odour and
VOC Emissions at Harvest Power’s
Richmond, BC Facility – Revision A
Prepared for:
Harvest Power,
7028 York Road,
Richmond, BC V6W 0B1
Prepared by:
Envirochem Services Inc.
#206-267 Esplanade West,
North Vancouver, BC, V7M 1A5
www.envirochem.com
25 November 2014
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................. 1
2.0 EMISSION SOURCES ...................................................................................... 1
3.0 SAMPLING PROGRAM ................................................................................... 3
3.1 Instrumentation Used ............................................................................................. 3
3.1.1 Flow measurement ..................................................................................... 3
3.1.2 Odour Sampling .......................................................................................... 4
3.1.3 VOC Sampling .............................................................................................. 4
3.2 Sample Collection ................................................................................................... 4
3.2.1 Flow Measurement ..................................................................................... 4
3.2.2 Odour Sampling .......................................................................................... 4
3.2.3 VOC Sampling .............................................................................................. 5
4.0 SAMPLING RESULTS – SEPTEMBER 2013 ....................................................... 5
4.1 Odour Results .......................................................................................................... 5
4.2 VOC Results ........................................................................................................... 10
List of Tables
TABLE 1: LIST OF SOURCES SAMPLED ON SEPTEMBER 24TH AND 25TH, 2014 ................................................ 3
TABLE 2: BIOFILTER ODOUR THRESHOLD VALUES AND REMOVAL EFFICIENCIES FOR SEPTEMBER 2014 ................. 7
TABLE 3: PILE ODOUR THRESHOLD VALUES FOR SEPTEMBER 2014 ............................................................... 8
TABLE 4: HEDONIC TONE, INTENSITY AND CHARACTERISATION (EOC AND ENVIROCHEM) .................................. 9
TABLE 5: BIOFILTER PID VOC RESULTS (CORRECTED FOR DILUTION) AND REMOVAL EFFICIENCIES. .................... 11
TABLE 6: PILE PID VOC RESULTS (CORRECTED FOR DILUTION). ................................................................... 12
TABLE 7: MEASURED BIOFILTER FLOW & AVERAGE VOC COMPARED TO PERMIT GVA 1054 ............................ 13
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List of Figures
FIGURE 1: HARVEST SITE PLAN SHOWING ALL EMISSION SOURCES UNDER PERMIT GVA1054 ............................ 2
List of Appendices
APPENDIX I: BIOFILTER INLET FLOW RATES, PROVIDED BY HARVEST POWER
APPENDIX II: ENVIRONMENTAL ODOUR CONSULTING ODOUR PANEL REPORT
APPENDIX III: SAMPLE COLLECTION PLAN, PERMIT #GVA 1054, QUARTERLY BIOFILTER SAMPLING
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This report summarizes the results of odour samples and volatile organic compound (VOC)
measurements taken at Harvest Power’s (Harvest) Richmond Facility on September 24th and
25th 2014.
The report contains:
A site plan with the permitted and sampled emission sources.
A brief description of the sampling program.
Sampling Results
o Odours were analyzed by Dynamic Olfactometry (odour panel) in accordance
with the European Standard EN 13725: “Air Quality-Determination of Odour
Concentration” by Environmental Odour Consulting Ltd (EOC)
o Hedonic tone and characterization by an odour panel at EOC, as well as
Envirochem Services field personnel (Edward Haythornthwaite, Tim Weaver and
Gail Slavik).
o All flow measurements were taken by Harvest using a hot-wire anemometer.
VOCs were measured in the field using a photoionization detector (PID).
For more details on the Harvest sampling program, please refer to and the sampling plan
entitled: “Sample Collection Plan, Permit #GVA 1054, Quarterly Biofilter Sampling” prepared for
Metro Vancouver by Harvest and Envirochem in April 2014 and Metro Vancouver Permit
GVA1054.
2.0 EMISSION SOURCES
Metro Vancouver Air Permit GVA1054 lists ten emission sources on site. Quarterly odour and
VOC measurements are required by permit at four of these sources (Biofilters), and annually at
four other sources (Static Piles).
The remaining two emission sources (Energy Garden biogas to flare, and CHP exhaust) were not
measured as part of this study. Figure 1 shows all emission sources on site which are covered
by Permit, and Table 1 lists the sources which were sampled on September 24th and 25th 2014.
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
FIGURE 1: HARVEST SITE PLAN SHOWING ALL EMISSION SOURCES UNDER PERMIT GVA1054
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
TABLE 1: LIST OF SOURCES SAMPLED ON SEPTEMBER 24TH AND 25TH, 2014
SOURCE
DETAIL LOCATION
SOURCE ID
(PERMIT GVA1054)
DATE SAMPLED
Energy Garden Biofilter Biofilter Inlet
3
24th September 2014
Biofilter Outlet
Southwest Biofilter Inlet Biofilter Inlet
5 Biofilter Outlet
Northeast Biofilter Biofilter Inlet
6 Biofilter Outlet
Screening Biofilter Biofilter Inlet
8 Biofilter Outlet
Waste Receiving Piles Sampled ambient air, ≤2m
from surface of pile 4
25th September 2014 Ageing Piles
Pile surface, 1 x old, 1 x new, 1 x mid-age.
7
Overs Middlings (Mids) and Fines Piles
Pile surface, 1 x overs, 1 x middlings, 1 x fines
9
Finished Product Piles Pile surface, one from each
of three product piles 10
3.0 SAMPLING PROGRAM
This section summarizes the instrumentation and sample collection methodology used during
the sampling event. For a full description of the instrumentation and sample collection
methodology used during the odour sampling event please refer to “Sample Collection Plan,
Permit #GVA 1054, Quarterly Biofilter Sampling” prepared for Metro Vancouver by Harvest and
Envirochem in April 2014.
3.1 INSTRUMENTATION USED
3.1.1 Flow measurement
TSI 8385 “Velocicalc” hot wire anemometer.
35cm diameter stainless steel collection hood with chimney.
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
3.1.2 Odour Sampling
Scentroid DS5 and SM100 sample diluters, 10L TedlarTM bags, TeflonTM tubing (1/4” OD x
1/8’ ID).
Envirochem Odour Lung.
3.1.3 VOC Sampling
Sample diluters, bags and tubing as described above.
RAE Systems MiniRAE 3000 Photoionization Detector (PID), with 10.6eV lamp.
3.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION
3.2.1 Flow Measurement
Flows were measured at the Biofilter Inlets by Harvest Power using a hot-wire anemometer.
Permit GVA 1054 requires that discharge rates are measured from the piles (EN 04, 07, 09 and
10). In the agreed sampling methodology (December 2013), flow from product piles was to be
measured by hot-wire anemometer, from the chimney of the steel collection hood. Flow could
not be measured from the pile surface by this method.
3.2.2 Odour Sampling
Biofilter outlets were divided into 16 separate equal area sample locations (cells) to allow for a
representative composite sample to be collected, composed of a grab at each of the 16 cells.
Air samples for odour analysis were collected in new, pre-conditioned 10L TedlarTM bags, using
sample diluters (dilution probe) which were set at a factory-calibrated dilution factor, verified
by Envirochem. Surface samples were collected using a static soil gas sampling system
consisting of a circular 35cm diameter stainless steel collection hood fitted with temperature
and sample probe connections and a small vent chimney. When sampling biofilter outlets, this
was moved around the surface of the biofilter, from cell to cell, with a small grab sample
collected at each cell. When sampling surfaces of piles, this was kept in one place for the
duration of sampling.
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
Due to safety concerns at the waste receiving piles (where there is a lot of heavy vehicle
movement), the collection hood was not used, and ambient samples were collected 1.5m - 2m
away from the surface of the pile, to ensure the sampling team were visible to vehicle
operators at all times. This method was also followed in previous studies (December 2013).
Before sampling, each bag was purged three times with the source discharge air, to ensure the
sampling system (diluter, bags and tubing) were all filled with sample, and all non-sample air
was removed. Clean tubing was used at each source to avoid cross contamination.
Once collected, sample bags were placed in dark bags. At the end of each day, hedonic tone
and character was assessed, and VOC was measured from each bag (see 3.2.2). Bags were then
re-sealed, re-packed and shipped by courier overnight to Environmental Odour Consulting
(EOC) in Ontario to be analyzed the following morning by an odour panel.
3.2.3 VOC Sampling
All bags were sampled for VOC using a PID. Readings were allowed to stabilize for approx. 15
seconds before being noted. Constant gentle pressure was applied to the bag while open to
ensure the sample was not diluted with ambient air. The PID was checked before and after
testing using a zero filter and 100ppm isobutylene span gas. The PID passed both quality
checks.
4.0 SAMPLING RESULTS – SEPTEMBER 2013
4.1 ODOUR RESULTS
The results from Environmental Odour Consulting’s odour panel are presented as Table 2 and
Table 3. The highest average odour concentration (approx. 20,000 OU/m3) was detected at the
South West Biofiter Inlet, followed by the Energy Garden Biofilter Inlet (approx. 15,000 OU/m3).
The odour discharge rates were calculated by multiplying the odour panel measured
concentration by the flow rate provided by Harvest Power (see Appendix I). Removal
efficiencies were calculated based on the average inlet and outlet concentrations. Flows could
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
not be measured at any pile surface (EN04, 07, 08 and 10), and so discharge rates were
calculated to be 0.
Hedonic Tone, Intensity and Characterization were assessed from bag samples by EOC. EOC’s
measurement of intensity was qualitative (i.e. not per standard ASTM E544). Panelists were
asked to smell samples without dilution and a scale was used to determine intensity. Hedonic
tone and characterization were also assessed from diluted sample bags prior to shipping by
Envirochem. The results are presented in Table 4. Hedonic tone and odour character were not
assessed on site, to avoid potential hazard from breathing undiluted process air.
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
TABLE 2: BIOFILTER ODOUR THRESHOLD VALUES AND REMOVAL EFFICIENCIES FOR SEPTEMBER 2014
Source Sample Name
Time Sampled
Flow (m3/s)
Odour Concentration (OU/m3) Odour
Discharge Rate (based
on Panel) (OU/s)
Detection Threshold
(Panel)
Detection Threshold
(Scentroid Mask)
3 Energy Garden Biofilter
EG-IN-1 11:25-11:39 6.93
14,180 4,804 98,267
EG-IN-2 11:25-11:39 15,120 4,804 104,782
Average 14,650 4,804 101,525
EG-OUT-1 11:25-11:30 6.93
512 376 3,548
EG-OUT-2 11:35-11:39 1,120 524 7,762
Average 816 450 5,655
SOURCE #3 ODOUR REMOVAL EFFICIENCY 94% 91% 94%
5 Southwest
Biofilter
SW-IN-1 13:15-13:20 5.26
20,980 5,764 110,355
SW-IN-2 13:40-13:45 19,348 5,764 101,770
Average 20,164 5,764 106,063
SW-OUT-1 13:15-13:25 5.26
2,468 1,276 12,982
SW-OUT-2 13:40-13:49 2,880 1,120 15,149
Average 2,674 1,198 14,065
SOURCE #5 ODOUR REMOVAL EFFICIENCY 87% 79% 87%
6 Northeast Biofilter
NE-IN-1 14:23-14:26 9.48
13,000 4,804 123,240
NE-IN-2 14:40-14:46 12,436 5,764 117,893
Average 12,718 5,284 120,567
NE-OUT-1 14:20-14:30 9.48
1,860 704 17,633
NE-OUT-2 14:40-14:45 2,096 876 19,870
Average 1,978 790 18,751
SOURCE #6 ODOUR REMOVAL EFFICIENCY 84% 85% 84%
8 Screening Biofilter
SE-IN-1 09:45-09:50 4.13
4,400 1,800 18,172
SE-IN-2 10:00-10:05 2,280 1,120 9,416
Average 3,340 1,460 13,794
SE-OUT 1 09:45-09:53 4.13
80 24 330
SE-OUT-2 10:00-10:06 140 32 578
Average 110 28 454
SOURCE #8 ODOUR REMOVAL EFFICIENCY 97% 98% 97%
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TABLE 3: PILE ODOUR THRESHOLD VALUES FOR SEPTEMBER 2014
Source Sample Name
Time Sampled
Surface Flux
Odour Concentration (OU/m3) Odour Discharge
Rate* (based
on panel) (OU/s)
Detection Threshold
(Panel)
Detection Threshold (Scentroid
Mask)
4 Waste Receiving
Piles
04-1 09:00-09:03 NM 1,120 524
04-2 09:05-09:08 NM 2,004 876
04-3 09:11-09:14 NM 912 436
Average NM 1,345 612 0
7 Ageing Piles
07-1 11:24-11:27 NM 2,080 240
07-2 11:32-11:35 NM 88 28
07-3 11:41-11:44 NM 15,200 5,764
07-4 12:38-12:41 NM 4,150 1,441
Average NM NM 1,868 0
9 Overs Mids and
Fines Piles
09-1 10:35-10:38 NM 76 32
09-2 10:42-10:45 NM 64 32
09-3 10:51-10:54 NM 1,020 436
Average NM 387 167 0
10 Finished Product
Piles
10-1 09:46-09:49 NM 152 28
10-2 09:52-09:55 NM 84 8
10-3 10:00-10:03 NM 2,196 876
Average NM 811 304 0 NM = Not measurable *Flows could not be detected at any pile surface, and so discharge rates are calculated to be 0 at all piles.
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
TABLE 4: HEDONIC TONE, INTENSITY AND CHARACTERISATION (EOC AND ENVIROCHEM)
Source Sample Name
Environmental Odour Consulting Envirochem - Field Notes
Intensity (From Panel)
Hedonic Tone
(+3 to -3 scale)
Character Hedonic
Tone (+10 to -10 scale)
Descriptors
3 Energy Garden Biofilter
EG-IN-1 4 -3 rotten food/ pungent/ gas
-9 garbage, earthy
EG-IN-2 4 -3 rotten food/
pungent/ sharp -9 garbage, earthy
EG-OUT-1 3 -2 compost/ rotten
food -8 rotten food, mulch
EG-OUT-2 3 -3 sharp/ compost -8 rotten food, mulch
5 Southwest
Biofilter
SW-IN-1 4 -3 rotten food -8 offensive, woodchip
SW-IN-2 4 -3 rotten food -7 offensive, woodchip
SW-OUT-1 3 -3 sharp/ compost -2 earthy
SW-OUT-2 3 -3 sharp/ compost -3 strong plastic
6 Northeast Biofilter
NE-IN-1 4 -3 rotten food/ gas/
pungent -8
offensive, wet mulch
NE-IN-2 4 -3 rotten food/ gas/
pungent -7
offensive, wet mulch
NE-OUT-1 3 -3 moldy/ compost -6 offensive, strong,
earthy
NE-OUT-2 3 -3 sharp/ moldy/
compost -5
offensive, wet woodchip
8 Screening Biofilter
SE-IN-1 4 -3 rotten food/ garbage -2 woodpile
SE-IN-2 3 -3 rotten food -1 woodchip
SE-OUT 1 1 -1 compost -4 garbage, earthy,
plastic
SE-OUT-2 2 -2 compost -4 garbage, earthy
4 Waste Receiving
Piles
04-1 3 -3 garbage/ rotten food -2 sharp
04-2 3 -3 garbage/ rotten food -2 sour, sharp
04-3 3 -2 garbage/ rotten food 2 earthy
7 Ageing Piles
07-1 3 -3 rotten food -2 sweet
07-2 1 0 unidentified -4 sharp, fungal
07-3 4 -3 sharp/ rotten food 0 sweet, sharp
07-4 4 -3 rotten food/ tabacco -2 sweet, earthy
9 Overs Middlings and Fines
Piles
09-1 1 -1 garbage -4 sharp, old
cigarettes, bleach
09-2 1 -1 garbage -4 sharp, musty
09-3 3 -3 sour -4 burnt, old cigarettes
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
Source Sample Name
Environmental Odour Consulting Envirochem - Field Notes
Intensity (From Panel)
Hedonic Tone
(+3 to -3 scale)
Character Hedonic
Tone (+10 to -10 scale)
Descriptors
10 Finished Product
Piles Piles
10-1 2 +1 trees 2 sweet
10-2 1 -1 unidentified 0 earthy, sweet
10-3 3 -3 sharp 2 sweet, wet leaves
As shown in Table 2, the biofilters appeared to be successful at removing odour from the
emissions (84% to 97% efficiency).
As shown in Table 4, the biofilters appeared to be successful in modifying the hedonic tone. The
most commonly used descriptor changed from “rotten food” at the inlets to “compost” at the
outlets.
4.2 VOC RESULTS
The results of field VOC measurements (expressed as methane CH4) and corrected to account
for the dilution factor are summarized in Table 5 and Table 6. Although the PID does not
measure CH4, Permit GVA1054 requires that VOC results be expressed as CH4; thus the PID
readings in parts per million (ppm) were converted to milligrams per cubic metre (mg/m3) as
CH4.
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TABLE 5: BIOFILTER PID VOC RESULTS (CORRECTED FOR DILUTION) AND REMOVAL EFFICIENCIES.
Source Sample Name
Time Sampled
Flow (m3/s)
Non Methane
(NM) VOC
(ppm)
NMVOC (mg/m3, as
isobutylene)
NMVOC (mg/m3, as
CH4, per Permit
GVA 1054)
NMVOC Discharge
Rate (mg/s, as
CH4)
3 Energy Garden Biofilter
EG-IN-1 11:25-11:39 6.93
25.1 58.5 16.7 116
EG-IN-2 11:25-11:39 25 58.3 16.7 115
Average 25.1 58.4 16.7 116
EG-OUT-1 11:25-11:30 6.93
14 32.6 9.3 65
EG-OUT-2 11:35-11:39 12 28.0 8.0 55
Average 13.0 30.3 8.7 60
SOURCE #3 AVG. VOC REMOVAL EFFICIENCY 48% 48% 48% 48%
5 Southwest
Biofilter
SW-IN-1 13:15-13:20 5.26
129.6 302.1 86.4 454
SW-IN-2 13:40-13:45 112 261.1 74.6 393
Average 120.8 281.6 80.5 423
SW-OUT-1 13:15-13:25 5.26
15.6 36.4 10.4 55
SW-OUT-2 13:40-13:49 12.8 29.8 8.5 45
Average 14.2 33.1 9.5 50
SOURCE #5 AVG. VOC REMOVAL EFFICIENCY 88% 88% 88% 88%
6 Northeast Biofilter
NE-IN-1 14:23-14:26 9.48
85 198.2 56.6 537
NE-IN-2 14:40-14:46 103.3 240.8 68.8 653
Average 94.2 219.5 62.7 595
NE-OUT-1 14:20-14:30 9.48
26.4 61.5 17.6 167
NE-OUT-2 14:40-14:45 40.4 94.2 26.9 255
Average 33.4 77.9 22.3 211
SOURCE #6 AVG. VOC REMOVAL EFFICIENCY 65% 65% 65% 65%
8 Screening Biofilter
SE-IN-1 09:45-09:50 4.13
7.2 16.8 4.8 20
SE-IN-2* 10:00-10:05 4 9.3 2.7 11
Average 5.6 13.1 3.7 15
SE-OUT 1 09:45-09:53 4.13
8.4 19.6 5.6 23
SE-OUT-2 10:00-10:06 3.6 8.4 2.4 10
Average 6.0 14.0 4.0 17
SOURCE #8 AVG. VOC REMOVAL EFFICIENCY -7% -7% -7% -7%
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
TABLE 6: PILE PID VOC RESULTS (CORRECTED FOR DILUTION).
Source Sample Name
Time Sampled
Non Methane
(NM) VOC
(ppm)
NMVOC (mg/m3, as
isobutylene)
NMVOC (mg/m3, as
CH4, per Permit
GVA 1054)
4 Waste Receiving
Piles
04-1 09:00-09:03 2 4.7 1.3
04-2 09:05-09:08 4 9.3 2.7
04-3 09:11-09:14 2.4 5.6 1.6
Average 2.8 6.5 1.9
7 Ageing Piles
07-1 11:24-11:27 1.6 3.7 1.1
07-2 11:32-11:35 2 4.7 1.3
07-3 11:41-11:44 6.4 14.9 4.3
07-4 12:38-12:41 1.4 3.3 0.9
Average 2.9 6.6 1.9
9 Overs Mids and
Fines Piles
09-1 10:35-10:38 1.2 2.8 0.8
09-2 10:42-10:45 0.8 1.9 0.5
09-3 10:51-10:54 1.6 3.7 1.1
Average 1.2 2.8 0.8
10 Finished Product
Piles
10-1 09:46-09:49 0.8 1.9 0.5
10-2 09:52-09:55 1.6 3.7 1.1
10-3 10:00-10:03 8.4 19.6 5.6
Average 3.6 8.4 2.4 All mg/m
3 concentrations are corrected to 20°C, 1 atmosphere, and are expressed as 100% methane. The
instrument detection limit was 0.1ppm, which leads to a detection limit of 0.3 mg/m3 as CH4 where the sample was
diluted, and 0.1mg/m3 as CH4 where the sample was undiluted. All results shown were above detection limit.
Removal efficiencies have been calculated as [1-(average outlet concentration/average inlet concentration)]. The removal efficiency calculated at the screening biofilter (Table 5) is suspect. The inlet draws ambient air at the top of the screener, and can be heavily diluted, depending on local conditions. Where inlet concentrations are low, the removal efficiency calculation is more sensitive minor concentration fluctuations.
VOC discharge rates (mg/min) were calculated by multiplying concentration (mg/m3) by the
flow rate (m3/s) measured by Harvest Power (see Appendix I) and comparing the average inlet
concentration to the average outlet concentration.
As shown in Table 5, the biofilters appeared to be successful in removing VOC from the
emissions, with the exception of EN08, the screening biofilter.
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
While it is unclear whether the screening biofilter removed VOC, it appears to have been very
successful at removing odour (97% removal efficiency), which is the biofilter’s primary purpose.
Flow rates and emission concentrations were compared to permit maximums in Table 7. All
biofilter flow rates were below permit maximums.
TABLE 7: MEASURED BIOFILTER FLOW & AVERAGE VOC COMPARED TO PERMIT GVA 1054
Source Flow
(m3/min)
Permit Maximum
Flow (m3/min)
Average VOC as
CH4 (mg/m3)
Permit Maximum
VOC as CH4
(mg/m3)
Measured Emission Rate as
CH4 (mg/min)
Permit Maximum Emission
Rate as CH4 (mg/min)
3 Energy Garden Biofilter
415.8 1,150 8.7 0.53 220 610
5 Southwest Biofilter
315.6 1,200 9.5 7.6 2,399 9,120
6 Northeast Biofilter
568.8 1,200 22.3 7.6 4,323 9,120
8 Screening Biofilter
247.8 552 4.0 28.8 7,137 15,898
TOTAL - - - - 14,078 34,748
VOC concentration at the energy garden biofilter (EN03) was 8.7 mg/m3 – which is above the
permit maximum of 0.53mg/m3. However, the emission rate was 220 mg/min, below the
permit maximum of 610 mg/min (calculated based on maximum flow and concentration
prescribed in the permit). The calculated removal efficiency was 48% (i.e. the biofilter
appeared to be effective at removing VOC).
VOC concentration at the southwest biofilter (EN05) was 9.5 mg/m3 – which is above the
permit maximum of 7.6mg/m3. However, the emission rate was 2,399 mg/ min, below the
permit maximum of 9,120 (calculated based on maximum flow and concentration prescribed in
the permit).The calculated removal efficiency was 88% (i.e. the biofilter appeared to be
effective at removing VOC).
20141125-RE-HP-SeptOdourVOC_revA.docx
VOC concentration at the northeast biofilter (EN06) was 22.3 mg/m3 – which is above the
permit maximum of 7.6mg/m3. However, the emission rate was 4,323 mg/ min, below the
permit maximum of 9,120 (calculated based on maximum flow and concentration prescribed in
the permit).The calculated removal efficiency was 65% (i.e. the biofilter appeared to be
effective at removing VOC).
Measured VOC at the screening biofilter (EN08) was 4 mg/m3 –below the permit maximum of
28.8 mg/m3. The calculated removal efficiency was -7%, which is a suspect result, for reasons
outlined previously.
SEPTEMBER 2014 ODOUR AND VOC SAMPLING, HARVEST POWER Appendix I
APPENDIX I:
BIOFILTER INLET FLOW RATES
HARVEST POWER
SEPTEMBER 2014 ODOUR AND VOC SAMPLING, HARVEST POWER Appendix I
Velocity & Flow of Gas Stream in biofilters, 24 September 2014
EG BIOFILTER NE BIOFILTER
Velocity Measurements (m/s) 3.68 Velocity Measurements (m/s) 9.35
3.5 8.99
3.66 9.21
3.95 9.19
3.98 10.05
3.79 9.19
3.67 8.86
3.84 9.44
3.7 9.45
3.98 9.12
4.04 8.93
3.82 9.06
Mean (m/s) 3.80 Mean (m/s) 9.24
Flow (m3/s) 6.93 Flow (m3/s) 9.48
SW BIOFILTER SCREENER BIOFILTER
Velocity Measurements (m/s) 4.77 Velocity Measurements (m/s) 6.05
5.02 6.65
5.33 7.04
5.47 7.32
5.19 6
5.06 2.63
4.89 4.57
5.6 4.36
5.22 4.24
5.37 8.44
5 9.15
4.61 8.88
Mean (m/s) 5.13 Mean (m/s) 6.28
Flow (m3/s) 5.26 Flow (m3/s) 4.13
SEPTEMBER 2014 ODOUR AND VOC SAMPLING, HARVEST POWER Appendix II
APPENDIX II:
ENVIRONMENTAL ODOUR CONSULTING
ODOUR PANEL REPORT
Report
Odour Evaluation of Twenty Nine Air Samples Report to: Harvest Power Mr. Scott Kerr Manager, R&D and Compliance 7028 York Road Richmond, BC V6W0B1 Tel: (604) 341 4157 E-mail: [email protected]
Prepared by: Environmental Odour Consulting Anna H. Bokowa, M.Sc. Principal Tel: (647) 988 5814 [email protected]
Date of Report: October 6, 2014 9 pages
Table of Contents Page 1. INTRODUCTION……………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………3
2. TEST METHODOLOGY .. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………3 2.1 Odour Evaluation for Odour Detection Threshold Values . ………………………………………………………….3 2.2 Direct Evaluation .. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..4
3. RESULTS.... …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………4 Table 1A Odour Detection Threshold Values (ODTV)-Batch 1………………………………………………….6 Table 1B Odour Detection Threshold Values (ODTV)-Batch 2………………………………………………….7 Table 2A Direct Evaluation Results – Batch 1…………………………………………………………………………8 Table 2B Direct Evaluation Results- Batch 2…………………………………………………………………………..9
1. INTRODUCTION
Harvest Power (Harvest) asked Environmental Odour Consulting (EOC) to evaluate twenty nine (29) air samples collected by Envirochem Services Inc.
All samples were shipped via Air Canada Cargo in two batches. EOC retrieved the samples from the Air Canada Cargo terminal in Mississauga, Ontario for same-day evaluations. The first batch of sixteen (16) samples was delivered on September 25, 2014. The second batch of thirteen (13) samples was delivered on September 26, 2014. All evaluations for odour detection threshold value (ODTV) were performed according to the European standard EN13725: 2003 and Ontario Ministry of the Environment Method ON-6 using dynamic olfactometry with screened panelists. In addition, all samples were evaluated for intensity, hedonic tone and character of the odour. Also, the same samples were evaluated for ODTV using a Scentroid SM100 Field Olfactometer developed by IDES Canada.
2. TEST METHODOLOGY
2.1 Odour Evaluation for Odour Detection Threshold Values
The odour samples were evaluated within thirty hours after collection by the dynamic dilution olfactometer at the EOC laboratory, based on European Standard EN 13725:2003 and Ontario Ministry of the Environment Method ON-6 “Determination of Odour Emission from Stationary Sources.”
The binary choice mode was chosen for odour evaluations.
The panelists’ responses were recorded by computer software and were processed to determine the odour detection threshold value (ODTV) for each sample. The ODTV is a dilution factor and therefore has no units. For convenience however, the ODTV may be expressed in odour units (ou). A screened odour panel was used for all evaluations. They were tested for odour sensitivity and are considered to be within the normal range according to the European Standard EN 13725:2003. Each sample was evaluated once according to the Ontario Ministry of Environment Method ON-6.
In addition, the same sample was evaluated by one panelist for ODTV using a Scentroid SM100 Field Olfactometer with attached port. Different plates were used for this purpose which covered different ranges for ODTV evaluation. Two laboratory blanks were also evaluated the same way as actual samples.
2.2 Direct Evaluation
All samples were also evaluated for the intensity, hedonic tone and character of the odour. For intensity, each panelist was asked to smell a bag directly without any dilution and use an intensity scale to determine the intensity of the detected odour.
The following scale was used.
0 ...........................no odour
1 ...........................slight odour
2 ...........................moderate odour
3 ...........................strong odour
4 ...........................extreme odour
For hedonic tone, each panelist was asked to smell a bag directly without any dilution and use a hedonic tone scale in order to determine if the detected odour is pleasant or unpleasant.
The following scale was used:
-3 ..........................very unpleasant
-2 ..........................unpleasant
-1 ..........................slightly unpleasant
0 ...........................neutral
+1..........................slightly pleasant
+2..........................pleasant
+3..........................very pleasant
An average for all panelist responses was used for calculating the hedonic tone of each sample. The panelists were also asked to use their own words to describe the character of the detected odour. The most common descriptor used by the panelists was used as the overall character descriptor for a sample.
3. RESULTS Table 1A and Table 1B present the results for odour detection threshold values obtained by evaluation of the samples using dynamic olfactometry as well as the ODTV from one panelist when the Scentroid SM100 was used. Table 2A and Table 2B show the results for direct evaluation of each sample. Comment:
It was noticed that some of the samples with very strong odour were placed together with the samples with very low odour, therefore there is a possibility of cross contamination of these samples during the shipment.
Anna H. Bokowa, M.Sc Principal, Environmental Odour Consulting
EOC Sample No Client EOC Dilution Raw ODTV Net ODTV Raw ODTV Net ODTV
Sample Sample ou ou ou ou
Identification Identification EOC Panel EOC Panel Scentroid Scentroid
port port
Sample 1 SE-Out 1 B25091452 4 20 80 6 24
Sample 2 SE-Out 2 B25091453 4 35 140 8 32
Sample 3 EG-Out 1 B25091454 4 128 512 94 376
Sample 4 EG-Out 2 B25091455 4 260 1040 131 524
Sample 5 SW-Out 1 B25091462 4 617 2468 319 1276
Sample 6 SW-Out 2 B25091457 4 720 2880 280 1120
Sample 7 NE-Out 1 B25091458 4 465 1860 176 704
Sample 8 NE-Out 2 B25091459 4 524 2096 219 876
Sample 9 SE-In 1 B25091460 4 1100 4400 450 1800
Sample 10 SE-In 2 B25091461 4 570 2280 280 1120
Sample 11 EG-In 1A B25091462 4 3545 14180 1201 4804
Sample 12 EG-In 2 B25091463 4 3780 15120 1201 4804
Sample 13 SW-In 1 B25091464 4 5245 20980 1,441 5764
Sample 14 SW-In 2 B25091465 4 4837 19348 1441 5764
Sample 15 NE-In 1A B25091466 4 3250 13000 1201 4804
Sample 16 NE-In 2A B25091467 4 3109 12436 1441 5764
Laboratory Blank LB1 B25091402 1 <8 <8 <DL <DL
Table 1 A
Odour Detection Threshold Values- Date of Evaluation: September 25, 2014- Batch 1
EOC Sample No Client EOC Dilution Raw ODTV Net ODTV Raw ODTV Net ODTV
Sample Sample ou ou ou ou
Identification Identification EOC Panel EOC Panel Scentroid port Scentroid
port
Sample 3 04-1 B26091480 4 280 1120 131 524
Sample 4 04-2 B26091481 4 501 2004 219 876
Sample 5 04-3 B26091482 4 228 912 109 436
Sample 6 10-1 B26091484 4 38 152 7 28
Sample 7 10-2 B26091485 4 21 84 2 8
Sample 8 10-3 B26091483 4 549 2196 219 876
Sample 9 07-1 B26091486 4 520 2080 60 240
Sample 10 07-2 B26091487 4 22 88 7 28
Sample 11 07-3 B26091488 4 3800 15200 1441 5764
Sample 12 07-4 B26091489 1 4150 4150 1441 1441
Sample 13 09-1 B26091490 4 19 76 8 32
Sample 14 09-2 B26091491 4 16 64 8 32
Sample 15 09-3 B26091492 4 255 1020 109 436
Laboratory Blank LB 2 B26091477 1 <8 <8 <DL <DL
Table 1 B
Odour Detection Threshold Values- Date of Evaluation: September 26, 2014- Batch 2
EOC Identification Client Sample Intensity* Hedonic
Number Identification Tone* Character
Number
Sample 1 SE-Out 1 1 -1 compostSample 2 SE-Out 2 2 -2 compostSample 3 EG-Out 1 3 -2 compost/rotten foodSample 4 EG-Out 2 3 -3 sharp/compostSample 5 SW-Out 1 3 -3 sharp/compostSample 6 SW-Out 2 3 -3 sharp/compostSample 7 NE-Out 1 3 -3 moldy/compostSample 8 NE-Out 2 3 -3 sharp/moldy/compostSample 9 SE-In 1 4 -3 rotten food/garbage
Sample 10 SE-In 2 3 -3 rotten foodSample 11 EG-In 1A 4 -3 rotten food/pungent/gasSample 12 EG-In 2A 4 -3 rotten food/ pungent/sharpSample 13 SW-In 1A 4 -3 rotten foodSample 14 SW-In 2 4 -3 rotten foodSample 15 NE-In 1A 4 -3 rotten food/gas/pungentSample 16 NE-In 2A 4 -3 rotten food/gas/pungent
* - Average of all Panelists
Hedonic Tone Scale: Intensity Scale:
-3 Very Unpleasant 0 Neutral 0 - No odour
-2 Unpleasant +1 Slightly Pleasant 1 - Slight
-1 Slightly Unpleasant +2 Pleasant 2 - Moderate
+3 Very Pleasant 3 - Strong
4 - Extreme
TABLE 2A
Direct Evaluation Results- Date of Evaluation:September 25, 2014-Batch 1
EOC Identification Client Sample Intensity* Hedonic
Number Identification Tone* Character
Number
Sample 3 04-1 3 -3 garbage/rotten foodSample 4 04-2 3 -3 garbage/rotten foodSample 5 04-3 3 -2 garbage/rotten foodSample 6 10-1 2 +1 treesSample 7 10-2 1 -1 undentifiedSample 8 10-3 3 -3 sharpSample 9 07-1 3 -3 rotten food
Sample 10 07-2 1 0 undentifiedSample 11 07-3 4 -3 sharp/rotten foodSample 12 07-4 4 -3 rotten food/ tabaccoSample 13 09-1 1 -1 garbageSample 14 09-2 1 -1 garbageSample 15 09-3 3 -3 sour
* - Average of all Panelists
Hedonic Tone Scale: Intensity Scale:
-3 Very Unpleasant 0 Neutral 0 - No odour
-2 Unpleasant +1 Slightly Pleasant 1 - Slight
-1 Slightly Unpleasant +2 Pleasant 2 - Moderate
+3 Very Pleasant 3 - Strong
4 - Extreme
TABLE 2B
Direct Evaluation Results- Date of Evaluation:September 26, 2014-Batch 2
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SEPTEMBER 2014 ODOUR AND VOC SAMPLING, HARVEST POWER Appendix III
APPENDIX III:
SAMPLE COLLECTION PLAN
PERMIT #GVA 1054
QUARTERLY BIOFILTER SAMPLING
Sample Collection Plan
Permit #GVA1054
Quarterly Biofilter Sampling
Prepared for:
Metro Vancouver
4330 Kingsway
Burnaby, B.C. V5H 4G8
Prepared by:
Harvest Power
7028 York Road,
Richmond, B.C. V6W 0B1
Envirochem Services Inc.
206 – 267 West Esplanade
North Vancouver, BC V7M 1A5
www.envirochem.com
April 21, 2014
Page i
20140421_ Harvest Power Quarterly Sampling Plan Rev A
TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.0
SAMPLING OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................... 1 2.0
SAMPLING EQUIPMENT ........................................................................................................... 1 3.0
SAMPLING LOCATIONS ............................................................................................................ 2 4.0
SAMPLING METHODS ............................................................................................................... 3 5.0
SAMPLING SET-UP ..................................................................................................................................... 4 5.1
PID ZERO/ SPAN CHECK, COLLECTION OF FIELD ODOUR BLANK ...................................................... 4 5.2
SAMPLE COLLECTION ................................................................................................................................ 5 5.3
MAINTENANCE OF SAMPLE INTEGRITY ............................................................................ 9 6.0
SHIPPING AND CHAIN OF CUSTODY .................................................................................... 9 7.0
LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1: ODOUR DILUTION PROBE WITH NITROGEN CYLINDER ................................................................ 2
FIGURE 2: SITE PLAN SHOWING EMISSION SOURCES IN PERMIT GVA1054 ..................................................... 3
FIGURE 3: DIAGRAM TO SHOW EQUIPMENT SET-UP AT BIOFILTER INLETS .......................................................... 6
FIGURE 4: DIAGRAM TO SHOW EQUIPMENT SET-UP AT BIOFILTER OUTLETS. ...................................................... 7
LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX I: SCENTROID DS5 STACK DILUTING SAMPLER MANUAL
APPENDIX II: CHAIN OF CUSTODY FORM
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20140421_ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A
INTRODUCTION 1.0
This Sample Collection Plan was prepared in part fulfillment of Schedule A of Section 3 of the
Metro Vancouver Air Permit #GVA-1054 (Fraser Richmond Soil & Fibre) issued May 11, 2013.
SAMPLING OBJECTIVES 2.0
The overall sampling objectives are to take representative, reliable, and repeatable samples
that can be submitted for subsequent odour analyses by an odour panel, and that can be used
to assess the emissions from, and removal efficiencies of, four biofilters on site. Odour sampling
and analysis are designed to conform to EN 13725:2003 “Air Quality – Determination of Odour
Thresholds by Dynamic Dilution Olfactometry” and Envirochem Services Inc.’s Odour Sampling
Manual. Total VOC sampling and analysis has been designed by Envirochem Services Inc. to
address the requirements of the permit in an efficient and reliable manner.
Sampling is conducted once per quarter, with testing waived for the first calendar quarter of
the year (January, February and March, inclusive).
SAMPLING EQUIPMENT 3.0
The following equipment is used for collection of odour and VOC samples:
1. Sampling bags - New 10 litre pre-conditioned Tedlar ™ bags. These are normally
provided by the odour panel which is currently Environmental Odour Consulting.
Nalophan bags may be used in the future if Tedlar bags are unavailable.
2. Sample tubing - New ¼ inch diameter Teflon ™ tubing is currently used.
3. Kestrel® 4000 Pocket Weather Tracker™ or similar
4. Records wind speed, temperature, and humidity. Data is also available from nearby
weather stations.
5. Odour dilution probe, Scentroid DS5 Stack dilution probe (manufactured by IDES
Canada Inc., see Figure 1), used to dilute air samples with carbon-filtered clean air to a
pre-determined ratio. Cylinder of Carbon Filtered Scuba Air - Used in conjunction with
the odour dilution probe to dilute the odour samples with clean (carbon filtered) air.
6. Photoionization Detector (PID)
o Allows for measurement of VOC (excluding CH4) in the field.
o Calibrated using isobutylene, and checked with span/ bump gases of known
concentration.
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20140421_ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A
FIGURE 1: ODOUR DILUTION PROBE WITH NITROGEN CYLINDER
SAMPLING LOCATIONS 4.0
Quarterly sampling requires that the inlets and outlets of emission sources 3, 5, 6 and 8 are
sampled (the four biofilters on site, shown in Figure 2), in such a manner that removal rates for
VOC can be calculated, and odour removal can be described. Inlet measurements and samples
will be conducted at the inlet duct, and the surface of the biofilter will be divided into a grid to
enable representative measurements and sampling to be conducted.
In addition to the source locations, it is proposed to collect one field blank of undiluted dilution
air for analysis by the odour panel, Environmental Odour Consulting.
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20140421_ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A
FIGURE 2: SITE PLAN SHOWING EMISSION SOURCES IN PERMIT GVA1054
SAMPLING METHODS 5.0
The odour sample collection methodology used by Envirochem Services Inc. while sampling at
Harvest Power’s Richmond operation is consistent with the procedures specified in EN
13725:2003 “Air Quality – Determination of Odour Thresholds by Dynamic Dilution
Olfactometry”.
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20140421_ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A
Anna Bokowa of Environmental Odour Consulting has been consulted on the sampling plan and
approves the methods described here for attaining the most accurate, reliable odour
measurements.
The method described here is for taking VOC measurements and odour samples with pre-
dilution. It is known from previous sampling experience at the site that there is a risk of
condensation for all sources. EN 13725:2003 states that “Pre-dilution of the stream of odorous
gases shall be applied when there is a risk of condensation of the sample when stored at
ambient conditions”.
Sampling Set-up 5.1
1) Meet with a site representative to discuss the odour sampling plan and safety issues,
and to make sure that all necessary processes are in operation and operating at
representative rates. Ensure that the required operating data will be logged during the
testing by Harvest Power operating staff. If Metro Vancouver employees are present to
witness the testing then there is a short meeting to confirm the test program and
activities.
2) Mark out a grid with 16 cells on the biofilter outlet. This can be done by marking the
halfway point on each wall of the biofilter outlet with flagging tape (to give 4 grid cells),
and then once again marking roughly halfway between the centre-point and each
corner (to give 16 grid cells). Label cells on site notes with a north point as reference.
3) Write down any descriptors and the hedonic tone of the odour emission source.
4) If the sampling location is new, be sure to take a photo of the location. If the location
has been tested before, make note of any changes.
5) Attach a t-connector to the outlet of the DS5, to allow VOC to be measured
simultaneously with odour sample collection.
PID Zero/ Span Check, Collection of Field Odour Blank 5.2
1) A t-connector is attached to the DS5 outlet, and the PID probe is inserted.
2) The DS5 inlet is sealed, and the probe is used to collect a sample of 100% dilution air,
which is labelled “Field Blank” and set aside in a dark bag. PID readings are taken while
the Field blank is collected, and these readings are treated as a zero.
3) The PID is subjected to a span check, using 100% bump gas.
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20140421_ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A
Sample Collection 5.3
1) Biofilters should be sampled one at a time. Inlet and outlet samples should be collected
alternately, using the same dilution probe. Collecting samples alternately rather than
simultaneously also allows the work to be undertaken using a single dilution probe,
which reduces the risk of imprecision that could be found between two different
dilution instruments. Use of a single diluter also reduces sampling costs. The probe
should be purged between each sample, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
All samples should be collected (2 inlet, 2 outlet & VOC) from each biofilter before
moving on to another.
2) To purge the bags and sample line, connect the bag to the DS5 outlet line, downstream
of the T connector. Select the correct dilution factor on the probe (100:1 for stronger
sources, 35:1 for weaker sources). Fill the bags so they are approximately one quarter
full then stop. Ensure that air has gotten into all corners and edges of the sample bag.
3) Disconnect the bag, and squeeze the bag gently to purge sample air from the Tedlar ™
bags. Do this until the bags are empty again.
4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 two more times. This ensures that the bags and sample lines have
been purged and conditioned with the odourous sample air for a total of three times.
5) Connect the DS5 to the source. Where the source is the inlet, this should be connected
using clean TeflonTM tubing, which is held in place in the centre of the inlet duct. Where
the source is the outlet, the DS5 should be connected to a stainless steel chimney
accumulation device. Samples are collected by holding down the button on the DS5 for
a known period of time at a known dilution ratio.
6) At the Inlet, sampling equipment should be set up as shown in Figure 3. The sample
should be collected continuously in one event, noting the start time and end time, and
dilution factor, which should be set to 100:1 (Position 1 when using calibrated COA plate
“H”). PID readings are collected simultaneously using the t- connector, and a minimum
of 16 readings should be taken.
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20140421_ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A
FIGURE 3: DIAGRAM TO SHOW EQUIPMENT SET-UP AT BIOFILTER INLETS
7) The outlet sample should be a composite of 16 timed grab samples, each collected from
a different cell on the biofilter outlet. Each grab should be approximately 15 seconds,
but timings can be adjusted on site as required, to ensure each cell is adequately
sampled. The start time, end time and dilution factor (35:1, or Position 4 when using
calibrated COA plate “H”) should be recorded.
8) To set up the chimney accumulation device, and when moving from cell to cell, care
should be taken to not disturb the surface of the biofilter. The device should be placed
gently down and wrapped in a clean nylon tube to prevent ambient air from infiltrating
under the device and diluting the sample.
9) For the first cell at each biofilter, the sample bag should be disconnected and sealed, the
chimney should be unplugged, and the DS5 should be used to collect a sample which
vents to atmosphere. PID readings should be taken, and the time it takes for these
readings to stabilise should be noted. This is the time it takes for the chimney
accumulation device to fill with the sample air.
10) The plug should then be replaced, and the sample bag should be reconnected. A 15
second grab should be taken, and a minimum of two VOC measurements should be
recorded. Figure 4 shows the equipment set-up for collecting each outlet cell sample.
P.I.D. measurement
from t-connecter
Tedlar sample tubing inserted
into pre-drilled hole in Inlet Duct, and
marked to ensure sample collection
from centre of duct
DS5 Sample diluter Sample bag (removed for step 9)
(Sample flow
shown in blue)
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20140421_ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A
FIGURE 4: DIAGRAM TO SHOW EQUIPMENT SET-UP AT BIOFILTER OUTLETS.
11) The chimney device should then be moved to the next cell, and unplugged for sufficient
time to fill with sample air. The plug is replaced and the next diluted grab sample is
collected, and two more VOC measurements are recorded.
12) Bags should be filled until they are 80-100% full, to enable subsequent scentroid analysis
on site by Harvest Power prior to shipping. Please note that some air should be released
prior to packing and shipping, as the bags can burst in transit (by air) to the odour panel.
Bags should be no more than 75% full if being transported by air.
13) Detach the sample bag(s) from the probe and immediately close the bag with the
provided plastic peg and fitting. A small amount of sample may escape during this
process. Tie on a label to the bag that depicts the sample ID and sample date. Do not
write on the bag, or affix any labels to the surface of the bag.
14) Log sample ID and date on the chain of custody form to ensure and maintain sample
integrity. Examine the bag for any leaks (apply slight pressure and re-check valves for
tightness and proper seal) and if none are found then place the filled labelled inside a
dark bag and container for temporary storage. Try to limit the amount of time the
sample bag is exposed to sunlight as this can lead to degradation of odorous
compounds. Some compounds are also susceptible to degradation from heat so the
dark bag and container should be kept in the shade. Any abnormalities during sampling
should be noted.
15) Pass samples to Harvest Power for scentroid analysis. Prior to shipping to the odour
panel, repeat the sample integrity checks described in steps 12-14.
16) Purge the diluter in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications.
P.I.D. measurement
from t-connecter
Chimney Accumulation Device
with Nylon tube to exclude ambient air
(unplugged when setting up,
plugged when sampling)
DS5 Sample diluter Sample bag (removed for step 9)
(Emissions/ sample flow
shown in blue)
Biofilter Biofilter
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20140421_ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A
17) Repeat set-up and collection steps for any subsequent sample locations. Do not re-use
the Teflon ™ sampling line that was cut for the previous location. In the case of very
strong odours, possible cross-contamination or moisture, all tubing must be replaced.
18) Inlet and outlet samples will not be packaged or shipped together to reduce the risk of
cross-contamination.
Note: if condensation appears in the bag as the sample is being collected, or if the PID gives
error messages due to moisture or readings deemed to be unreliably high or low by the
samplers (based on their previous experience with sampling at the site), or if the results of
repeat analyses vary significantly, then diluted VOC samples will be collected in bags and
sent to a lab for analysis by gas chromatography (EPA method 18).
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20140421_ HARVEST POWER QUARTERLY SAMPLING PLAN REV A
MAINTENANCE OF SAMPLE INTEGRITY 6.0
The methods set out in this procedure are designed to ensure sample integrity. Sample integrity
is ensured by:
1) Use of suitable and clean materials and equipment (such as clean sample line, and clean,
conditioned Tedlar ™ bags),
2) Diluting where necessary to avoid interference from condensation,
3) Shipping immediately following collection, to minimise the risk of odours degrading or
altering over time.
SHIPPING AND CHAIN OF CUSTODY 7.0
1) After all samples have been collected, and are ready to ship, each is placed in a thin garbage
bag, supplied by the odour panel. The double-bagged samples are then placed in a large
plastic shipping container, with strong samples and weak samples packed separately.
2) Using the chain of custody as a reference, all samples are checked to ensure that they are
present. The chain of custody form is copied, and placed in each shipping container along
with the samples. A copy of the chain of custody is retained. An example of a chain of
custody form used by Envirochem is shown in Appendix II. For all samples, analysis is
requested for detection/recognition threshold as well as hedonic tone.
3) The lid of the shipping container is secured with duct tape to prevent it from accidentally
opening during shipping, and address labels are attached.
4) Containers are shipped, either by pick-up or by delivery to courier depot. The shipment is
sent by air, for 9am delivery next day, to ensure samples can be analysed within 30 hours of
collection, as required by the EN 13725:2003 standard.