vmware infrastructure 3 v3.5 technical overview. 2 vmware confidential vmware infrastructure 3 v3.5...
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2 VMware Confidential
VMware Infrastructure 3 v3.5 – Core benefits
Scale your Virtual
Infrastructure
Simplify Operations
Increase Service Levels
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VMware Infrastructure 3 v3.5 – Core benefits
Benefits VC 2.5 Feature Overview ESX 3.5 Feature Overview
Simplify Operations
VMware Update Manager
Distributed Power Management (experimental)
Guided Consolidation Interface
VMware Converter integration
NPIV support
Increase Service Levels
HA Enhancements
VM Failure Monitoring
Storage VMotion
Scale your virtual infrastructure
VC Scalability Large memory support
Low-cost storage support SATA
VCB over iSCSI
Performance enhancements TSO/Jumbo Frames for networking
Hardware Page Tables support
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VMware Update Manager
Patch management solution from VMware
Compliance-driven execution
Scan datacenter for compliance to baseline
Scan and remediate guest (VM) AND host (ESX)
Support for both embedded and non-embedded ESX versions
Full support for Windows guests; limited support for Red Hat
Manual or scheduled remediation
Application patching (Adobe Acrobat, SQL Server, etc.)
Automates backup prior to patching and rollback if patching fails
Integrated with VirtualCenter
Same familiar user-interface for targeting hosts and guests groups
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Addressing Patch Pain Points
Current Pain VMware Solution
Patching success and coverage is uncertain or poor
Systems need to be backed up before patching
Patch deployment requires either target OS agent or proper authentication criteria
Frequency of patch deployment
Patch needs to be tested at OS and application level
Differing approaches to VM and ESX patching
Unified patching framework
Leverage VC awareness and ability to deal with offline and suspended guests
Automatic backup and rollback capability
All VMs are known to VC and VMware Tools provides a constant agent on guest VM
Reduced downtime can decrease the impact of frequent patch deployment
Automated testing for OS and leverage customer’s current QA tools for application testing
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VMware Update Manager (VUM) Architecture
VC Client with VUM Plugin
VirtualCenter Server
ESX Server
ESX Server
ESX Server management
VMs with/without Guest Agent
VMs with/without Guest Agent
VUM Server
VM and ESX Host patch management
Host patch metadata and updates from www.vmware.com
VM patch metadata and updates from www.shavlik.com
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Compliance-driven Management
Baseline: Fundamental unit of compliance
Fine-grained control
Can be static or dynamic
Host or guest type
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Patch Database Update details
Plugins->Update Manager->Schedule Update Download…
Select the type of updates that should be downloaded
ESX Server
Windows
Linux
Updates are downloaded as a VirtualCenter task
Frequency and date can be specified
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Compliance
What is compliance?
When a VM or host contains all updates in a baseline
How is compliance checked?
By evaluating results of security scan through the security tab for VMs or hosts
Current compliance status is only as fresh as the most recent security scan!
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Understanding Security Scans
What is a security scan?
A process initiated from the VI client to check VM and host compliance
Can scan a host, VM, resource pool, cluster, folder or data center
What does a security scan do?
Compare each object (VM or host) against a specified baseline
Reports back through a single event the objects that do not match the baseline
When are scans performed?
When initiated by the user
At scheduled intervals through “Scheduled Tasks”
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Compliance Status
Available through “Update Manager” tab for VMs and hosts
Three statuses for complianceCompliant: VM contains all updates in baseline
Not compliant: VM lacks one or more updates
Unknown: VM not yet scanned
Note that only VMs that the user has permission to see are displayed!
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Remediation
What is remediation?
The process of bringing a VM or host to compliance with a baseline
How are VMs remediated?
Automatically
Through a VirtualCenter scheduled task
Manually
Using Inventory->Virtual Machine->Remediate…
By right-clicking host, or VM and selecting “Remediate…”
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Remediate Against a Baseline
Baseline remediation ensures that all VMs in a group have had all updates in a baseline applied
Select between applying baselines or specific updates
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Remediate Against Specific Updates
An update remediation allows for application of single updates.
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Specify Remediation Rollbacks
Snapshot creation and deletion can be included as part of the remediation operation
Saves VM state in case a patch causes problems and requires a rollback to the unpatched state
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Schedule the Remediation
Remediation can be scheduled to minimize impact to the user
Dates, times configurable
Specific actions can be performed based on VM state (on, off, suspended)
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Maintenance mode
DRS-enabled Patching
Eliminate down-time for guests when patching ESX hosts
VUM puts host in maintenance mode
DRS moves guest VMs to available host
VUM patches host, returns host to production mode
DRS moves guest VMs back as per rule
VUM+
DRS
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Distributed Power Management (DPM)
Reduce data center power consumption by having DRS consolidate loads during non-peak hours and powering down the inactive hosts
The goal is to minimize total power consumption while still providing enough resource capacity to satisfy total resource demand, plus some user-specifiable amount of reserve capacity
Provides customers with significant cost savings from reduced power consumption
Resource Pool
Business Demand
Power Off
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Distributed Power Management
Experimental Support in VirtualCenter 2.5
Enhancement to DRS
Minimize power consumption
Standby Servers during off-peak hours
Migrate all VMs to fewer hosts
Standby unused servers to save power
VI capacity constraints are met
Automatic power on and migrate VMs back on demand
Wake-on LAN
Monitor VM activity
“Recommend Now” button
On-demand DRS scanning and recommendation
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DPM: Requirements and Configuration
Servers managed by Virtual Center
VMotion compatible cluster
Shared storage
VMkernel network
DRS Configured environment
NIC with Advanced Power Management
Wake-on-LAN functionality enabled on VMKernel network
Used to bring up a server
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Verify Wake on LAN support
How do I know my server has the capability?
Under VC GUI, Select the server name -> Configuration tab -> network adapters, Check status of NIC’s “Wake-on LAN” column
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Guided Consolidation Interface
Simplified first experience
New setup wizard
‘Getting started’ tabs
Integrated tutorial
From first time user to meaningful consolidation
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Stage 1 From zero to first VM
Stage 2To First Consolidation
Stage 3Ongoing Management
Time toValue
Customer Impact: Huge ease of use benefits, low startup and try out costs, realize cost savings and greater power of virtualization management
Guided consolidation process
Discover physical servers for analysis
Collect data on selected physical servers
Suggest appropriate sources and targets
Trigger physical to virtual conversion
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Guided Consolidation : New User Experience
Automatically consolidate existing servers
Discover existing servers in the environment
Physical servers or virtual machines
Can discover and analyze Windows server-family OSes
Analyze for consolidation suitability
Agentless discovery and analysis of usage patterns
Placement recommendations based on utilization metrics
Recommend consolidation plan
Matching discovered systems to candidate ESX Server hosts
Perform P2V and import servers into VMs
Conversion done live, while servers are running
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Guided Consolidation
Recommended for smaller environments
For environments containing approx. 100 servers or less
Helps someone who is new to virtualization, who wants to get going fast
Not optimized for large environments
User Interface not designed for hundreds of discovered servers
Architected for small environments
Assumes only one AD server
Assumes limited number of domains
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Architecture
Guided Consolidation: depends on two other services
VirtualCenter Server
vpxd CPDB
VCDB
VMware Converter
Virtualization Service
(can run on VC Server or on
separate machine)
Data Collector Service
(CapacityPlanner is automatically installed on VC
Server)
“hidden” DB
Not to be managed by end user
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Physical System Discovery
The Data Collector Service is required when initiating the consolidation analysis
If this service is not running, VirtualCenter will ask for user credentials and try to start it
User must have Windows Administrator privilege and read privileges on AD (if AD being used)
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Add to Analysis
Select a Domain or Workgroup for discovery
The list of Domains and Workgroups is concatenated from AD and Lanman results
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Set Authentication
Enter Windows Administrator user and password
Enter here if same for all/most hosts
Next screen lets you specify per-host credentials
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Analyze
Right-click host to set per-host credentials
Statistics collected on each host
Metrics collected once per hour
10-12 metrics total: CPU, Memory, Disk, Network
Columns populated as information obtained
Data put into table in VirtualCenter database
Confidence level
Based on the number of performance samples that VC has collected
As VC collects more performance samples the confidence goes up
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Plan Consolidation
Choose “Plan Consolidation”
List of analyzed systems presented
For each system, drop-down menu of candidate destination ESX Server Hosts
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Destination Server Suitability
Star rating
Based on compatibility with ESX Server host
Each candidate destination host gets a separate star rating
Compatibility is considered for things such as sufficient number of CPUs, ability to run the guest OS etc.
Rating based on the average CPU & Memory usage and disk space of the destination host
The lower the resource usage, the higher the star rating.
The networking check only verifies the number of NICs, not network usage
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VMware Converter Enterprise for VC 2.5
Converter integration with VirtualCenter
Import physical machines, virtual machines and 3rd party images into VirtualCenter
Restore path for VCB images
Export VMs managed by VC to hosted VMware platforms
Export other unmanaged/hosted VMs on network shares
Create, monitor, edit, restart P2V and V2V jobs via VC
Multiple concurrent migrations
Scheduled migrations
CLI for scripting conversions/migrations
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VMware Converter Enterprise for VC 2.5
Client/Server architecture
One-to-one mapping between Converter server and VC (2.5 and later) server.
Leverages extensibility interface for VC client's plug-in discovery and initialization
CLI that connects to Converter server and submits P2V tasks
Installation independent from VirtualCenter
Updates will be released asynchronously from VC/ESX releases
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Remainder of process … you know about it…
Source login
Specify hostname or IP, Administrator user/password/domain
Deploys agent which performs on-the-fly P2V
Destination
VM name & location
Host/cluster
Datastore
Network
Customization
Modify image to run in VM
Schedule: immediate or future
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VMotion vs. Storage VMotion
VMotion - Moves a running VM from one ESX server to another ESX server leveraging shared storage
The storage resource stays in the same storage location
Storage VMotion - Moves the disk resources for a VM from one datastore to another datastore
The VM stays up and running on the same ESX Server
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Storage VMotion
Migrate running VM to new storage
VM stays on same host
VM disks may be individually placed
Storage type independent
Migration does not disturb VM
No downtime
Transparent to guest OS and apps
Minimal performance impact
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Storage VMotion – Use Cases
Storage maintenance and upgrades
ESX Server upgrades that change disk format
More flexible Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) solutions
Improved performance troubleshooting
Storage consolidation/reclamation
LUN reconfiguration
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What Storage VMotion Moves
VM’s “home” directory
Config file (vmx)
Logs
Swap file (vswp)
Snapshots
Other misc files
VM disks (vmdk)
Treat disks separately to support independent placement
VMFS volume
configswap
diskslogs
Virtual Machine
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Storage VMotion: VM Home Relocation
Copy non-virtual disk files to new VM home
Use NFC (NetWork File Copy)
Switchover VM to using new files
Use VMotion
Start up new VM on same host instead of different host
New VM uses config file in new VM home directory (similar to VMotion in ESX 2.x)
Same host VMotion known as “self-VMotion”
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Storage VMotion: Virtual Disk Relocation
Uses disk relocation feature from Upgrade VMotion
Uses snapshot technology to move virtual disks
Snapshot VM disks to create child disks
Copy read-only base disks to new location
Commit disk snapshot into copied base disks
Each virtual disk can be placed independently
Location can be different than VM home or other VM disks
Can also stay in current location
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Storage VMotion In Action
Source Destination
“Self”-VMotion to new VM home
2
Copy disk to destination
4
Consolidate child disk into copied disk
5
Copy VM home to new location
1
Delete original VM home and disks
6
Take disk-only snapshot(creates child disk)
3
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Storage Type Agnostic
Developed to work on all storage types
High-level copier technologies used
VM home copied using NFC copier
VM disks moved with snapshot technology
Copiers not storage type specific
Located “above” filesystem layer
Source and destination can be different storage types
NFSiSCSISAN LocalVMFS
Copiers
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Storage VMotion Requirements
Use of Storage VMotion requires…
Temporary doubling of VM’s cpu/mem resources
Two copies of the VM exist simultaneously on single host
Each VM uses memory and has its own cpu/mem reservation
VMotion interface must be configured properly
Does not require a physical link
Intrahost “network” connection between the two VMs
Must not be using a device that prevents VMotion
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Storage Vmotion in 3.5 limitations
No GUI Interface. CLI only
Can't simultaneously change execution host
No snapshots
Requires double resource reservation consumption
Two copies of the VM need to be run on the same ESX server at one time while the storage migration process is taking place
Can't move disks without moving the VM home directory too
Limitations to be lifted in future releases
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Platform for Any OS, Hardware, Application
Virtualization Platform
Œ
Virtual Infrastructure
Management & Automation
1717
>ESX Server 3.5>ESX Server 3i
Performance Optimizations
Scalability Enhancements
Expanded compatibility
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Storage
Network
Hardware page table assist
Large memory pages
Paravirtualization(VMI)
NPIV Support
TCP Segment Offload
Jumbo Frames
Virtual Machines
ESX Server
CPUMemory
Performance Scale Compatibility
Ubuntu64GB virtual RAM
128 GB of physical RAM
10 GigE
Infiniband
SATA devices
Windows Vista
Virtualization Platform Enhancements
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Paravirtualization
Storage
Network
Virtual Machines
ESX Server
Memory
CPU
Enables Linux to run at higher performance by making it virtualization-aware
Performance benefits seen for demanding applications such as Oracle, Apache
Paravirtualization makes the guest OS virtualization-aware and more performant running on a hypervisor
VMware led industry collaboration effort to create a standard interface that allows standard Linux kernel (2.6.21) to be virtualization aware
Standard Linux distributions to include this kernel in subsequent releases (Ubuntu already uses it)
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Memory Management
Virtual Memory
Process 1
Process 2
Process 1
Process 2
ESX Server translates guest VM memory to physical memory
Host Memory
Guest Physical memory
Uses CPU hardware page tables to reduce memory translation overhead (e.g. in AMD “Barcelona”)
Large memory pages for more efficient memory access
Benefits memory intensive workloads such as databases, Citrix, Terminal ServicesStorage
Network
Virtual Machines
ESX Server
Memory
CPU
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Networking
Benefits network intensive workloads (e.g. backups over LAN, webservers, Citrix, Win Terminal Services, iSCSI) in virtual machines
TCP Segment Offload* reduces CPU overhead by offloading TCP processing to NIC
Jumbo frames* allow reduced TCP/IP processing by enabling larger frame sizes
Supported for ESX Server hosts and select guests
Support for 10 GigE for network intensive workloads**
* Supported for ESX Server hosts and select guests
**10 GigE not supported for the ESX iSCSI software initiator
Storage
Network
Virtual Machines
ESX Server
Memory
CPU
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Storage
Enables performance optimization through more granular traffic monitoring
NPIV allows assignment of virtual HBAs to individual virtual machines
Enables QoS through SAN tools
Storage
Network
Virtual Machines
ESX Server
Memory
CPU
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VMware HA: What's New
More nodes in a cluster
32-node cluster - Double the earlier limit
Intelligent placement
Recover to host with most available capacity
Local swapfile allowed for VMs
Virtual Machine Failover protection
Experimental support
Monitor software failures
Better error handling during configuration
Easy to understand messages
Up to 10 Isolation Addresses allowed
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What else is new in VC 2.5?
Scalability improvements in VC
Supports management of 200 running hosts and 2000 powered-on VMs
Provisioning across datacenters
Batch installations/upgrades of VMTools
ESX NTP & Firewall configuration through VI client
Image customization for 64-bit Guest OS
Windows Server 2003 EnterpriseSP1, Windows Server 2003 EnterpriseR2
RHEL 4.5, RHEL 5.0
SLES 10 SP1/SP2
Solaris 10 Update 2 or Update 3
CDP (Cisco Discovery Protocol) support
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New Guest OS support
Windows Server 2008 (formerly Windows Server codename “Longhorn”)
Windows Vista
Red Hat Linux 5
Ubuntu Linux 7.04 (paravirtualized and fully virtualized)
In addition, support for updates to already-supported guests will be provided.
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Copyright © 2005 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
VMware Consolidated Backup Enhancements
Enhancements
Support of VMs running on iSCSI, NAS or local storage
Run Backup Server within a VM
Use VMware Converter to restore VCB images
New 3rd party software version support
What are the benefits?
Greater flexibility for storage layout and backup architecture
Simplified restore
3BackupM
ou
nt
2
Snap
1
Snap
Snap
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Restore Options
VCB Integration with 3rd party backup products
Some allow single step restore of VMs
VMware Converter to deploy VMs directly from VCB image
VCB image must be on the disk
Use “mountvm” to mount image as disk
With backup of full-VM type
Copy entire disk or individual files
Restore individual files
Restore files on a single VM using redirected restore
Transfer using CIFS
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VCB: Converter as restore tool
Converter called from VC
Install the plug-in first
Converter will restore entire Virtual Machine
No single-file restore
Uses network based mechanism
Network File copy to restore data – No SAN needed
Restore entire VMDK on VMFS of ESX
Concurrency = 15 max sessions
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Other Enhancements with VI 3.5
Virtualization Platform
Œ
VirtualInfrastructure
Virtual Infrastructure Management
Resource Management Availability Mobility Security
•Increased HA isolation addresses•32-node HA
•VMotion with local swap files
•VirtualCenter scales to 200 hosts and 2000 VMs•Multimedia application support for VDI deployments •Automation for VMware Tools batch and scheduled install•Network CDP Support
VirtualCenter
•Experimental IOAT v1 support
•IPv6 support for guests