8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 1/25

2 DELIVERABLE REPORT Doc. Identifier:

D. 2.4methodologies, compatibility & re-usability Date : 15 -10-2011

D E L I V E R A B L E R E P O R T

D 2.4

Document identifier: V-Must.net - D 2.4

Due Date of Delivery to EC End of Month Month 8 – 30 September 2011

ctual Date of Delivery toEC 30!0"!2011

Document date: 30!0"!2011

Deliverable #itle: Methodologies, compatibility & re-usability

$or% pac%a&e: WP 2

'ead (eneficiary: Center for Documentation of Cultural ) *atural +erita&e,C-'#* #.

/ther (eneficiarie irtual$are E# 4ME C5E 6Cyl -lund

uthor :Mohammad *abil ,Cultnat.7Contributors : Ef tathia Chat i Ser&io (arrera MayoSelma 5i vic 9ohn ary&ianni #hano Sideri ;eor&e;iannouli Sorin +ermon Mattia $aller&<rd=

Document tatu : Version 1.2

Document lin%: http:!!>>>?v6mu t?net!media@pub !document

Grant Agreement 270404 FHW Public 1 / 25

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 2/25

2 DELIVERABLE REPORT Doc. Identifier:

D. 2.4methodologies, compatibility & re-usability Date : 15 -10-2011

Changes

Version Date Comment Authors

1. !"/"#/$"11 %ohammad abil

1.' 1(/1"/$"11 %inor ad)ustments *o+ia Pescarin

1.1" 1#/1"/11 & 0 A0 ans ers ere added %ohammad abil1.1$ $2/1"/11 3 integration 3oberto *copigno

1.1! $(/1"/11 3oberto4s modi+ications applied %ohammad abil

1.12 $5/1"/11 *o+ia & % Farou64s modi+ications applied %ohammad abil

1.1( $ /1"/11Ans ers mo7ed +rom Anne8

3-9*09 & 3-90A: ans ers added%ohammad abil

1.15 !"/1"/11 *o+ia & % Farou64s modi+ications applied %ohammad abil

1.1 !1/1"/113e7ised

; < pro)ects added to re+erence section%ohammad abil

1.$" 1/11/11 Added 9%; ans ers=modi+ied conclusion o+ !.$.$

;+sthasia ;chat>i= *o+iaPescarin

1.$! $/11/11 Added re+erence in+ormation Holger Gra+, *orinHermon

opyright notice?opyright @ -%ust.net.

For more in+ormation on -%ust.net, its partners and contributors please see http?// .7-must.net/ 0he in+ormation contained in this document re+lects only the authorBs 7ie s and the ommunity is not liable +or anyuse that may be made o+ the in+ormation contained therein.

Grant Agreement 270404 FHW Public 2 / 25

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 3/25

2 DELIVERABLE REPORT Doc. Identifier:

D. 2.4methodologies, compatibility & re-usability Date : 15 -10-2011

Table of Contents1. Executive summary.............................................................................................................42. Introduction.........................................................................................................................43.1. Methodologies..................................................................................................................6

3.1.1. Question and ans ers related to methodologies......................................................6

3.1.2. !esume o" ans ers .................................................................................................#3.2. $tandards...................................................................................................................... 1%

3.2.1. Question and ans ers related to standards...........................................................113.2.2. !esume o" ans ers ...............................................................................................12

3.3. !e&usa'ility o" digital content.........................................................................................123.3.1. Question and ans ers related to re&usa'ility..........................................................123.3.2. !esume o" ans ers ...............................................................................................1(

3.4. !e&targeting...................................................................................................................1)3.4.1. Question and ans ers related to re&usa'ility..........................................................1)3.4.2. !esume o" ans ers ...............................................................................................1#

4. *onclusion........................................................................................................................1#5. !e"erences...................................................................................................................2%5.1. Euro+ean ,ro-ects that are related to standards re&usa'ility and +reservation.........2%5.2. Main +u'lished +a+ers..............................................................................................2%5.3 re"erence ta'le on standard "ormats...........................................................................21

Grant Agreement 270404 FHW Public 3 / 25

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 4/25

1. Executive summar/his document descri'es the or0 currently in +rogress ithin the irtual Museum/ransnational ,ro-ect &M $/. E/ and s+eci"ically ithin the $econd or0 ,ac0age ,2

dedicated to the esta'lishment o" users re7uirements and criteria analysis in the irtualMuseum domain. /his delivera'le descri'es ho irtual Museums and !esearch Institutionsmem'ers o" the net or0 are currently dealing ith issues related to methodologiescom+ati'ility and re&usa'ility hen develo+ing irtual Museums Ms . /he o'-ective here isnot to directly suggest solutions since this is the sco+e o" other or0 +ac0ages. *onversely themain o'-ective o" this delivera'le is to +rovide a +ractical vie on the consortium mem'er8s+ractices ex+eriences and +re"erences regarding the a'ove&mentioned to+ics and em+hasi9eon im+lemented +ractices. /his document under the a'ove +ers+ectives ill "eed and 'egenerally used as re"erence 'y other consortium mem'ers hen develo+ing the ,lat"orm ,4and the *ommon Im+lementation :rame or0 ,5 .

!. Intro"uction;ne o" the main o'-ectives o" .M $/. E/ is to identi"y +ro'lems +erceived 'y +artners in thedevelo+ment and maintenance stages o" Ms as a "irst ste+ to ards de"ining long termsolutions.:or exam+le the virtual museum o" ancient via :laminia accessi'le in a room o" the !oman

ational Museum Diocletian /hermal <aths in !ome = .vhla'.ita'c.cnr.it>"laminia ? =:;!%)? i

as inaugurated in 2%%) and closed in 2%11. /he reasons o" the closing ere mostly technical.$ome o" them ere hard are maintenance run&time license +ro'lems and di""iculty to re&usedigital assets. /he +lan is no to re&o+en it a"ter a consistent modi"ication o" the interactionsystem and the +orting into another authoring environment ith a relevant e""ort in rescuingand re&ex+orting o" multimedia assets.

@nother exam+le comes "rom * A/ @/ here they develo+ed a system that re7uires # videochannels to run and a"ter "e years it as very hard to u+grade the system 'ecause latest

or0stations did not su++ort this num'er o" channels. In this s+eci"ic case one o" the suggestedsolutions as to use clustering to avail the re7uired num'er o" video channels "rom multi+lecom+uters 'ut un"ortunately the system as not develo+ed to natively su++ort net or0./he +revious exam+les "rom the M community +ractically introduce the 0ind o" +ro'lems thedevelo+ers "ace 'ut in order to consolidate these +ro'lems into a more develo+ed usersre7uirements the Bouse o" Question BoQ mechanism as used to generate 7uestionscoming "rom di""erent actors in the M domain such asC researchers museum curatorstechnology&content develo+ers M users. /hese 7uestions as detailed in Delivera'le 2.2

D2.2 ere grou+ed under ) categories +roviding an extensive vie over hat are the issuesex+ectations immediate research interests o'stacles +erceived in the M domain. /hiss+eci"ic delivera'le is only concerned ith 7uestions classi"ied under the 3 categoriesCmethodologies com+ati'ility re&usa'ility and at this stage it has a s+eci"ic "ocus on digitalassets.In order to start +roviding ans ers to those issues e have than selected 12 7uestions out o"D2.2. *riteria "or selecting those 7uestions ereC

1 Im+ortance to the consortium mem'ers that as easy to conclude "rom the re+etition o"the same 7uestion>re7uirement several times

2 Interconnection among the 3 issues methodology com+ati'ility and re&usa'ility hichis also a logical ex+ectation given the nature o" the 3 categories.

/he selected 7uestions ere sent a"ter a 'it o" "ormatting to the +ro-ect +artners ho had anyex+erience in irtual Museum develo+ment as0ing to share their +ractical ex+erience on hothey are currently dealing ith these issues&challenges. Mem'ersF ans ers ere analy9ed to

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 5/25

"ind similarities or integrated ideas that are used 'y mem'ers o" the consortium to solvecom+ati'ility and re&usa'ility issues in their everyday +ractices.

/hese are the 7uestionsC

1. :or the technical side o" M develo+ing do you use standardsG2. :or the creative side o" M +roducing I design "or exam+le do you use

guidelines>'est +racticesG3. *an you re&use the same digital assets that you have created "or one medium e' "or

exam+le in a di""erent medium mo'ile "or exam+le G4. Is it +ossi'le to reuse 'oth systems and contentG5. hat are the 0ey "actors in re&usa'ility in M a++licationsG6. Is it +ossi'le to +reserve digital content "rom a technological +oint o" vie over a long

+eriod o" timeG(. hat is more im+ortant Ho+en "ormats or Ho+en so"t are G). hat 0ind o" data can 'e re usedG 3D modelsG /exturesG $oundsG...#. Is it +ossi'le to +reserve digital content "rom a technological +oint o" vie over a long

+eriod o" timeG1%. Do e need to achieve a li'rary data'ase o" 3D Models to share H'asic models such

as roman houses alls columns "rie9es and so on that could 'e reused and re&arranged in an unlimited ayG

11. Bo do you create a standard 3d model that can 'e reusedG12. ould you ma0e availa'le your multimedia assets 3d models audio video etc.

through v&must +lat"ormG

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 6/25

#. Current $artici$ants $ractices

/his section contains the +artici+ants8 ans ers. @ns ers ere grou+ed under 4 categoriesCMethodologies $tandards !e&usa'ility !e&targeting. /he ans ers given 'y &M $/+artners8 s+ecialists constitute an overvie on ho mem'ers are currently dealing ithcom+ati'ility and re&usa'ility issues.In the second and third version o" this delivera'le as the BoQ activities continue and asdi""erent outcomes are ex+ected "rom di""erent ,s throughout the +ro-ect e ill 'eaddressing in more details the so"t are and hard are installations issues.

#.1. %et&o"olo'ies#.1.1. (uestion an" ans)ers relate" to met&o"olo'ies

1. *or t&e creative si"e of V% $ro"ucin' +,I "esi'n for exam$le- "o ou use

'ui"elines/best $ractices0irtual are e have our o n designers hich or0 each +ro-ect "ollo ing customer cor+orative

guidelines.

E/: no

IME @ "unctional a++roach i s used i nvolving educators and c reative +eo+le i n the+roduction team. /he creative or0 is targeted on s+eci"ic o'-ectives that are given'y the :oundation to the creative +ersons educational and +edagogical .

*!E:&*yl $ocial media 'est +ractices code o" International *ommunication @ssociation 'est+ractices

lund Jes "or exam+le i;$ Buman Inter"ace guidelines general human "actors +rinci+lesetc

K*A Jes

* ! & I$/I o. :or some s+eci"ic +roductions that had su""icient 'udget e commissioned theL I design to an external +ro"essional colla'orator. :or other more academic&style+roductions e have -ust used inernal "orces and common rules o" thum'.

* ! & I/@<* o e develo+ inter"aces design etc. internally letting the creativity or0 emerging"rom a common 'rainstorming session involving di""erent s0ills "rom art to I*/ . Inthe "irst ste+ e -ust "ocus on ideas and on ho to communicate a conce+t to theusers. /he creativity +art o" the virtual museums is then ada+ted to thehard are>so"t are that ill 'e ado+ted and to the 'udget.

* A/ @/ Jes

*I E*@ o e usually have a technical role so e are not in charge o" I design :orexam+le in movie +roduction e colla'orated ith the director and several artistsres+onsi'le o" character design animation lighting etc.

:!@ B;:E! Jes/he ty+ical user inter"ace design "ollo s hints given 'y Max ertheimer8s Lestalttheory in order to accommodate +erce+tual re7uirements "or I design. :ollo ingusea'ility guidelines according to the E >I$; #241 standard e have 'een "ocusingon 'eing com+liant to +arts 1%% 11% 111 21% covering ergonomics o" human&com+uter interaction as ell as dialogue design. /y+ically e conduct I design in aholistic a++roach using the designers ex+erience Hout&o"&the&'ox as ell as 'eingthe users advocate during +ro-ect reali9ation. /he design +rocess is com+letely

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 7/25

'ased on a user centered a++roach driven 'y +erce+tual and cognitivere7uirements critical +lanning and analysis conce+tional layouting im+lementationand evaluation "or interaction and inter"ace design. e aim to 'e standard com+liant"ollo ing the ideas given in E >I$; #241.

!. o) "o ou re$resent uncertaint )&en $resentin' &erita'e information0

irtual are e almost al ays or0 on the re+resentation o" o'-ective data. hen somein"ormation needs to 'e inter+reted e let or0 to the corres+onding technician

archaeologist anthro+ologist etcN

E/: e ma0e annotations

IME ncertainty is +resent almost in every heritage ! creation. In our case e haveor0ed more ith scienti"ic hy+othesis than ith uncertainty itsel". hen dealing ith

inde+endent elements on 'uildings one o+tion is to omit the un0no n a0roteriascul+tural and +ainted decoration . In other cases hen the structural choices area""ected a second model re+resenting the alternative solution has 'een created.

ncertainty as a hole cannot 'e re+resented. hat one may re+resent is the degreeo" uncertainty o" a given solution or the choice 'et een t o varying solutions. In somecases the semi&trans+arency o" certain com+onents may induce uncertainty. In anycase uncertainty is documented in the metadata o" the a++lications and +resented tothe visitors through the visit +rogram using various techni7ues.

*!E:&*yl 'y assigning a relia'ility index hich is re+resented in code color> 'lur> shado >o+a7ueness

lund in case o" 3D models....there are t o +ossi'le solutions that e tried in the +astC& one method concern the re+resentation o" the uncertain elements ado+ting a visualcode that allo the visitors to understand the di""erent levels o" relia'ility o" the several+arts o" the models.& another method is re+resenting the missing in"ormation reconstructing only thegeometry ithout texture in"ormation. /he result is usually a com+lete model here theuncertainty is not exclude 'ut -ust highlight

K*A It de+ends on the target a++lication and audience. hat ever the derived solution anatlas should 'e included ith the +aradata to ensure that the user can identi"y thehy+othetical +arts o" the visuali9ation. Methods e have im+lemented have 'eencolour coding trans+arency level o" detail 'oth in terms o" geometry and texture linedra ing cross hatching as ell as clear interactive s itching 'et een various states.

* ! & I$/I In the case o" sam+led 3D models uncertainty o"ten is related to sections o "thesur"ace here e have not enough sam+les. In those cases e usually do notreconstruct geometry leaving those regions as unsam+led regions a++earing has

holes in the sur"ace . /his is distur'ing at rendering time distracting void regions 'utallo s to ma0e very evident the lac0 o" data. /his could 'e ex+ressed ith moreneutral and less distur'ing visuali9ation solutions given that e might have ex+licit0no ledge o" the critical regions.

* ! & I/@<* e use di""erent +aradigms in accordance ith the s+eci"ic virtual museum. hat ehave done so "ar isC using trans+arent reconstructed models on to+ o" the currentmonument>o'-ect +roviding the users hile they are interacting ith 'asic in"ormationregarding the level o" relia'ility relia'le +artially relia'le evocative that a++ear on the'ottom +art o" the screen a 3d level that may 'e u+loaded 'y users and that +resentsusing di""erent colours the level o" relia'ility o" each +art o" the 3d models>decorationincluding 3d o'-ects on the scene that the user can select to o'tain in"ormation on thesources used to reconstruct the s+eci"ic model.

* A/ @/ e have not "aced that situation yet. <ut e thin0 that it should 'e included

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 8/25

some here in metadata "or exam+le and then can 'e re+resented in di""erent asy.

*I E*@ e have almost not addressed this issueCIn our very "irst ex+erience ME reconstruction o" medieval 'ologna in !MAhtt+C>> .storiaein"ormatica.it>nume>english>ntitoloOeng.html the scienti"icdirection decided to almost avoid the re+eresentation o" uncertainty 'y 'uilding reallysim+le architectural models -ust raising sim+le untexured alls on the 'aselineresulting "rom ancient cadastral data avoiding any decoration indo s doors .

ME as using time slider and animation to convey in"o a'oud date o" construction >demolition o" indivi"ual 'uildings the +ro+osal to add another control to sho di""erentty+e o" reconstruction as re-ected 'y the scienti"ic direction.

:!@ B;:E! e have im+lemented a cou+le o" stylish rendering techni7ues in hich uncertaindetails might 'e le"t out. Bere e are using a calligra+hic styling "ollo ing the ideas o"ex+ressive rendering as intended 'y I !I@. In those cases e do not intend to renderhigh 7uality and +hoto realistic images rather leave s+ace "or inter+retation .r.t. theuncertainty. It is meant to 'e su++ortive rather s+eculative.

#. Is it $ossible to $reserve "i'ital content from a tec&nolo'ical $oint of vie) over alon' $erio" of time0

irtual are It de+ends on the meaning o" Ha long +eriod o" time. @ny ay e have not had enoughHdigital time to 0no it P 'ut it is su++osed that it is +ossi'le even thought roc0s areharder than digital storing devices in"ormation could 'e re+licated and maintainedcoherent 'et een di""erent locali9ations including those in the outer s+ace.

E/: yes

IME /here are various issues and methods. /he +rocess is to trans"er content and u+gradeit "rom one edition o" .xsi to the ne version almost once every 3 years in order to 'eedita'le ith the later o" the +ro-ection engines.

;ther ise as "ar as the +ro-ection engines o+erate they can +reserve as it is.In general terms it is valid all issues a'out digital content storage hard are evolutionetc

*!E:&*yl de"ine long time longest i can thin0 is a'out 5 years then it 'ecomes extremelyo'solete

lund this is a very im+ortant 7uestion hard drives have a very short li"e com+are ith oldertechnology such as +a+er etc.the use o" internet or the storage o" data into servers guarantee a longer li"e to thedata 'ut is not easy to 7uanti"y.in my ex+erience the "actor the most 0ill the data is a 'ad organi9ation

K*A Jes 'ut only i" there is the ill to do so digital +reservation is a lot more than sim+lystic0ing the data on a dis0 and curating it. Jou might li0e to have a loo0 at

.+ocos.org and I can send you a cha+ter I have ritten "or the volume i" you li0e.

* ! I$/I Jes i" e have the care o" encoding ra digital 3D assets 'asic models usingcommon "ormats and 'eing a'le to convert "rom time to time those models into ne erdata "ormats +reventing the data 'eing encoded ina o'solete "ormat . Much morecom+lex is the case o" com+lex assem'ly that oul d'e de+endant "rom the s+eci"ic"eatures o" scene gra+hs or com+osition systems here conversion could 'e a verytric0y +rocess .

* ! I/@<* Jes 'ut e don8t have guidelines or 'est +ractice so "ar. e 0ee+ the "inal dataseto'tained a"ter all +ost&+rocessing in an internal re+ository server accessi'le on linethrough $:/,. @'out the com+lete set o" data e -ust store them a"ter e close each

+ro-ect on di""erent hard drives and e store them in our li'rary as they are 'oo0s

* A/ @/ Jes it is +ossi'le ta0ing into consideration that the digital assets should 'e regularly

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 9/25

converted to ne er "ormats every ( years and o" course the 'ac0u+ considerations

*I E*@ /he ra data can 'e +reserved almost inde"initely 'y co+ying using o+en "ormat and"re7uent transcoding +revent data o'solescence a++lications can 'e mantained and+orted to ne architecture.

evertheless all these actions re7uire e""ort in increasing order and in ourex+erience no one has reserved 'udget "or such actions.

@lso e have mainly or0ed ith modeled scenes at ur'an > architectural scale./his 0ind o" data is 7uite tighted to a++lication and as rendering system advance it'ecame ra+idly o'solesent

:!@ B;:E! It is not +ossi'le ithout ma-or manual in"erences until no . <ut current e""orts sho+aths "or ne solutions "or a +reservation o" assets. I" it comes to 3D e do thin0standard com+liance is currently the 'est ay to +reserve digital assets. /hough thestandards are al ays "ar "rom 'eing "it "or ongoing re7uirements the o+enness mightallo "or an extension o" it. @s many assets have 'een modeled according to ana++lication s+eci"ic +ur+ose it is also di""icult using standards to ma0e re&use o" those

ithin another a++lication scenario. Bo ever the transcri+ts are easier to +er"orm.,reservation also means the ca+turing o" metadata. @n RMA li0e scheme o" data"ormats might 'e an ideal ay until no to com+lement RMA 'ased o'-ect "iles "or+reservation.

#.1.!. Resume of ans)ers

@ns ers in this cartegory give us an overvie on di""erent methodologies used 'y +artici+antsin 3 im+ortant issuesC

Desi'n best $ractices ,ncertaint re$resentation Content $reservation

:or the creative +art o" design only some o" the +artici+ants 5%S states to use best practices approaches , "unctionality 'eing the o+erative criterion. /he ans ers are verydi""erent sho ing a lac0 in shared 0no ledge a'out this issue. /hese 'est +ractice shouldinvolve the customer needs analysis or cor+orate guidelines a communication ex+ert

educator "or exam+le ta0ing into consideration the "inal use and the "inal users o" the !re+resentation or might use the code o" International *ommunication @ssociation or i;$Buman Inter"ace guidelines.

!e+resentaing uncertainty in Ms is a very im+ortant issue since it ena'les users tounderstand 'etter the nature o" the virtually re+resented reality "or exam+le se+aration o"

"actual data in"erred data and imagination. Moreover it allo s users to overcome the "alseim+ression a virtual re+resentation may transmit i.e.that hat is re+resented is Hthe reality andnot one reality among +ossi'le many others. @dditionally it is a use"ul tool to re+reent thereasonsing +rocess o" researchers easily identi"ying and re+resenting dou'ts and ga+s in0no ledge. $ome mem'ers use annotations to re+resent uncertainty in their Ms others uses+eci"ic colours or trans+arency. Bo ever a general agreement is that i" uncertainty isdocumented using metadata than any visual re+resentation method can 'e a++lied to ma0euncertainty ex+licit in the virtual scene as suggested 'y Aondon *harter=htt+C>> .londoncharter.org> ? and $eville ,rinci+les .

@'out content digital preservation the ma-ority indicated that it is necessary to agree on the

acce+ta'le +eriod "or +reserving a digital asset. @ccording to their ans ers the acce+ta'le+eriod "or re&using digital assets ranges 'et een 3&5 years. @"ter that assets have to 'econverted to ne er "ormats "ollo ing the evolution o" the technological means>so"t are.

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 10/25

#.!. 2tan"ar"sIn this section e have grou+ed the 7uestions and ans ers related to the use and +erce+tion o"standard "ormats. nderstanding the or0"lo and ho data are used is crucial to +ro+erlyaddress re&usa'ility and ex&changa'ility. In the next cha+ter e ill detail more the use o"s+eci"ic "ormats analy9ing +artnersF ans ers.

@ revie o" the availa'le "ormats reveal a good suita'ility o" R3D "or an inclusion o" 3D contentinto "uture virtual museums either as render 'ac0'one "or large scale installations or "or aninclusion o" 3D content into e' re+resentations 'ased on B/MA5. $ince the emergence o"multi+le 3D solid modellers various interest grou+s develo+ed a large num'er o" di""erent "ileand data "ormats to re+resent 3D content. /here is an ever gro ing mar0et "or tools andservices to deal ith those data sets ii iii. /he H;+enness o" those "ormats range "rom +ro+rietyand un+u'lished 'inary "ormats li0e *atia iv +u'lished 'ut not royalty&"ree li0e niversal 3D

3D v 3DRMAvi and $/E, vii to royalty&"ree o+en standards ith a ell de"ined RMA schemadescri+tion li0e R3D xxii and *;AA@D@ viii./he main +ur+ose o" those "ormats is storing and exchanging o" 3D content. /hey are createdto su++ort and "ocus on di""erent tool&chains hich 'ring content and assets "rom diverseauthoring tools to an a++lication. /he "inal a++lication e.g. game or visualisation systemde"ines ho the user interacts ith the data. $ome rich media "ormats e.g. *;AA@D@ and

3D include animation and even +hysics data 'ut no 'ehaviour descri+tion "or the content. /heR3D I$; standard ix a successor o" !MA x is very di""erent in this res+ect. It includes not -ustthe static 3D data 'ut also mechanisms to descri'e ho the user can interact ith the dynamiccontent and there"ore the 'ehaviour o" the 3D orld.M,EL&4 is a suite o" standards that has many +arts here each +art standardises variousentities related to multimedia such as audio video and other content "ormats. <I:$ is theM,EL&4Fs scene descri+tion language designed "or re+resenting delivering and renderinginteractive and streama'le rich&media services including audio video 2D 3D gra+hics ./he<I:$ s+eci"ication has 'een designed to allo "or the e""icient re+resentation o" dynamic and

interactive +resentations com+rising 2D 3D gra+hics images text and audiovisual material./he re+resentation o" such a +resentation includes the descri+tion o" the s+atial and tem+oralorganisation o" the di""erent scene com+onents as ell as user&interaction and animations.*;AA@D@ is a 3D&Tle standard "or content exchange deTned 'y the Khronos grou+ xi. It asdevelo+ed 'y $ony and Intel to im+rove the intero+era'ility o" D@E&tools. /he main goal as toease and streamline the game develo+ment +rocess and existing game creation +i+elines. /hes+eciTcation does not include unli0e the R3D s+eciTcation a runtime or event model hichallo s to deTne interactive elements or the 'ehaviour and content. /here"ore it is a +er"ectintermediate "ormat hich can 'e used in the creation +i+eline together ith a Tnal de+loyment"ormat li0e R3D. /here is even an o"Tcial agreement 'et een the e'3D *onsortium andKhronos grou+ ela'orated 'y @rnaud and ,arisi hich demonstrates this use case. Bo everthere are some tools e.g. LoogleEarth hich utilise *ollada data Tles directly to deTne content"or the runtime&environment.

@s standard "ormat "or the +resentation o" 3D orlds e intend to ma0e use o" R3D. /he R3Ds+eciTcation xii includes various internal and external @,Is and a "ull runtime event and'ehaviour model. It is there"ore much more than a sim+le exchange "ormat. /he a'stracts+eciTcation "or R3D I$;>IE* 1#((5 as Trst a++roved 'y I$; in 2%%4 hereas the RMA andclassic !MA encodings "or R3D I$;>IE* 1#((6 ere a++roved in 2%%5. @ su'set o" R3D isRM/&@ a variant o" RM/ deTned in M,EL&4 ,art 11. It as designed to +rovide a lin0 'et eenR3D and 3D content in M,EL&4 & <I:$ xiii. <I:$ xiv is a 'inary "ormat "or t o& or three&dimensional audiovisual content. It is 'ased on R3D and ,art 11 o" the M,EL&4 standard. <I:$is a M,EL&4 scene descri+tion +rotocol "or com+osing M,EL&4 o'-ects descri'ing interactions

ith M,EL&4 o'-ects and "or animating 2D and 3D M,EL&4 o'-ects. /here"ore there is a 3D

su'set in M,EL&4 'ut this "act is neither ell 0no n nor su++orted at all. one o" the ma-or

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 11/25

M,EL&4 +layers su++orts 3D content at all and there"ore today it is un"ortunately no availa'letechnology "or e'&a++lication develo+ers.

@n o+en "ormat is a digital "ormat hose s+eci"ications are "reely availa'le to the communityare maintained 'y authorities in +articular universities research centers and "oundations andare 'ased on s+eci"ic legislation that +rotects and guarantees the continuity L,A L <$D

@+ache etc. .. according to the general +olicy that any change to the source code ill 'e madeavaila'le to the +u'lic in the same ay in hich it as received. /he o+en "ormats over theyears have allo ed the li"eFs continuity o" many com+uter services online and o""line via acontinuous data&trans"er to u+ to date so"t are solutions and in +articular has made +ossi'lethe exchange 'et een heterogeneous or0 grou+sC a "eature o" +rimary im+ortance concerningthe theme o" a 3D modelFs conservation.

@ +ro+rietary "ormat is directly related to the o ner com+anyFs +olicy is not availa'le 'y anyoneoutside o" it and unless reverse engineeringFs com+lex or0s and as a conse7uence -usta"ter some years ill not 'e +ossi'le to extract in"ormation "rom the "ile container.

hile sending the 7uestionnaire to the +artners e didnFt +rovide s+eci"ic de"inition o" the terms

used as to understand also hat is the general +erce+tion and understanding.

#.!.1. (uestion an" ans)ers relate" to stan"ar"s

3. *or t&e tec&nical si"e of V% "evelo$in' "o ou use stan"ar"s0

irtual are e try to use multi+lat"orm technologies li0e nity3D to ease the s+reading anddi""usion o" contents

E/: Jes

IME /here is an internal +roduction line and :B standards given that concerning virtualreality a++lications :B has develo+ed its o n +ro-ection engine 'ased on ;$Land o+en LA standard.

*!E:&*yl yes & lido and cidoc

lund o

K*A /here are no Hstandards "or the creation o" virtual orlds as a one shot solution tothe develo+ment cycle. /here are a num'er o" internal standards "or +articularcom+onents the modeling environment out+ut audio image etc 'ut it de+ends onthe tool used to create the . /here are ho ever a large num'er o" 'est +racticeand o" course in house conventions hich e use consistently.

* ! & I$/I Jes e use de "acto standards e.g. the .+ly "ormat "or 'asic assets re+resentation &meshes or +oint&'ased models

* ! & I/@<* It de+ends on the +roduction or0"lo . In the LI$>*@D or0 e use standard oro+en "ormats sha+e geoti" and dx" e have currently t o di""erent or0"lo C one is'ased on !iscanU!a+id:orm>Max> ue> nity3D here "ormats used are the+ro+rietaries "or each so"t are the second is 'ased on o+en source or lo coststools L!@$$>MeshAa'>*ityEngine><lender> isual ature $tudio>;+en$ceneLra+h

here data are trans"erred "rom one so"t are to another using o+en or standard"ormats sh+ o'-

* A/ @/ *urrently e don8t. e are +lanning to do so 'ut only i" e ere a'le to reach asolid de"inition "or standards in M.

*I E*@ ME ;ne o" our "irst +ro-ects as im+lemented in !MA one o" the "irst attem+tsto de"ine 3D contents standards. @t the time !MA as lac0ing a sound o+ensource im+lementation "or e' +layers +luginsC e relied on $LI *osmo,layer that

as discontinued.

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 12/25

:or su'se7uent +ro-ects e tried as much as +ossi'le to rely on su++orted andides+read ;+en $ource +roducts trying to 0ee+ data in "ormats that can 'e

im+orted and ex+orted 'y several tools.

:!@ B;:E! /he ILD8s core +lat"orm VInstant!ealityH has 'een develo+ed during a longstandingtradition o" 3D standards. It is no adays 'ased on R3D the I$; standard "or 3D

content 'eing the successor o" !MA hich has 'een the de&"acto standard "or 3Dcontent in the late #%8s. !MA has 'een re+lacing the +ro+rietary scenegra+hre+resentation J hich as internally develo+ed 'y :raunho"er. $everal +ro-ects

industrial or "rom the heritage domain are 'ased on im+lementations "or R3D.

#.!.!. Resume of ans)ers

Lenerally M actors see standards as a method to target multi+lat"orm re&targeting solutionshich is a 0ind o" re&usa'ility 'ut the use o" standards in Ms is not a solved +ro'lem and

standardi9ation is an o+en discussion that "avors "urther research at 'oth Euro+ean andInternational level. $ome o" the mem'ers use standard li'raries or @,I li0e ;$L o+enLA

hile others rely on highly di""use commercial so"t are li0e I/J3D to 'etter su++ort re&usa'ility. /here should 'e also a clrear dinstinction 'et een stadards understood as "ormatsused "or the creation o" content e.g. *ollada versus x3d and standards used "or thedescri+tion o" digital assets namely metadata shemas crucial "or any attem+t o" re&usa'ility o"content harvesting content "rom a common re+ository etc. /here"ore the discussion overstandards ill continue along these t o lines technological standards +d" "iles or txt "ile anddescri+tive standards those that 'est descri'e the content itsel" and ho it as generated./hese il ultimately lead to an onotology o" Ms essential "or re&usa'ility o" content searchinto digital assets and long&term +reservation.

#.#. Re4usabilit of "i'ital content#.#.1. (uestion an" ans)ers relate" to re4usabilit

5. Is it $ossible to reuse bot& s stems an" content0

irtual are Jes 'ut sometimes contents ada+tations are re7uired.

E/: e have only content.

IME /echnically the system can 'e easily installed any here it is re7uired 'asic hard areand installation "or 'asic +ro-ection . I" e ant a more immersive system it is neededadditional hard are such as virtual cinema or other immersive installations 'ut :Bso"t are is trans"era'le/he content can 'e trans"erred ith the so"t are +ro-ecting it . I" it is needed to 'etrans"erred to other engines it has to 'e ada+ted in colla'oration ith the enginedevelo+ers.$cienti"ically the content may 'e re+resented herever 'ut not all o" its constituent+arts may'e reusa'le. /his de+ends on the degree o" detail and accuracy o" the'uildings. I" the degree o" accuracy and verisimilitude o" a given ! reconstruction isvery high then no 'uilding can 'e reused in another context. ;nly some elements o"serial +roduction such as clay ante"ixes and tiles and in some lo accuracyre+resentations the column ca+itals could 'e reused. ;nly hy+othetical items may'ereused in another setting and again re+resenting hy+othetical solutions. :or instance"urniture or vases hich "urnish a house and are not sho n according to real "inds"rom this house they may 'e reused to "urnish another house o" the same +eriod.Even easier is the case "or +lants animals and human "igures. In t o ords the lessindividuated are the items re+resented in ! the more reusa'le can 'e.

*!E:&*yl yes

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 13/25

lund not al ays in most o" the cases contents seems to 'e more easy to reuse

K*A Jes 'ut see a'ove. !euse dose not ha++en automatically it must 'e +lanned "or.

* ! & I$/I !euse o" content is much sim+ler assuming that the creation o" a +roduction ill storein a se+arate and inde+endent manner the glo'al +roduction and the 'asic assets

used e.g. elementary models that encode the single arti"acts used in the video orinteractive system . !euse o" a system is very com+lex unless e are -ust +lanning asecond installation 'ecause ma0ing non naive changes re7uires a dee+ 0no ledgeo" the system architecture and o" the develo+ment system used to +rogramm>design it.

* ! & I/@<* *; /E /C Jes in some cases ith some manual or0 that ould re7uire to go 'ac0to the modeling +lat"orm M@R and ex+ort again data. $;:/ @!EC yes in somecases ;$L4 E< is an o+en source +lug&in 'ased on ;+en$ceneLra+h not in othercases I/J 3D

* A/ @/ Jes. $ystems are harder to 'e reused.

*I E*@ It greatly de+ends on the meaning o" reusa'ilityC system can 'e cloned or +orted e'a++lication have to 'e Hinstalled 'y the user himsel". Aatest general +ur+ose dev+lat"orms li0e nity and to a lesser extent ;$L4 e' try to ease the reuse as thesytem can in +rinci+le +lay the same content 'oth as a standalone ! installation as

ell as a 'ro ser +lugin or a mo'ile a++.evertheless due to +er"ormance considration im+osed 'y the ide s+ectrum o"

resource availa'le 'et een an Bigh end ! system to a mo'iledevice the contentitsel" must either 'een conceived "rom the 'eginning to 'e +orted or a su'stantiale""ort has to 'e s+ent to re&+ur+ouse content across mediaC even i" the system isexactlly the same -ust moving "rom local dis0 to remote htt+ can ma0e somecontentalmost unusa'le

:!@ B;:E! It de+ends. !e&usea'ilty o"ten "ails as sim+le +orta'ility issues have not 'eenade7uately addressed @ thorough so"t are design might 'e o" hel+. In our ex+eriencethe use o" R3D allo ed us to im+lement di""erent +ro"iles su++orting large scaleinstallations as ell as mo'ile devices in hich a su'set o" the R3D standard has 'eenim+lemented. @ "ull re&use o" the assets>or even a++lications is currently not +ossi'le'ut +arts allo ing a "aster transcri+tion +rocess in scala'le a++lications.

6. 7&at are t&e 8e factors in re4usabilit in V% a$$lications0

irtual are Minimi9e com+lexity Maximi9e modularity Identi"y target +lat"orms 'e"ore the'eginning o" some or0.

E/: sing 0no n and e""icient standards.

IME /echnical 0ey "actors "or reuse o" engine and +lat"orm

/he +lat"orm +ro-ection engine can receive any content that com+lies ith there7uirements o" content tools o" modeling .xsi "ormat . I" not native .xsi the modelshave to 'e retextured.

@ny content ith animation has to 'e +roduced 'y 3d $/ DI; M@R animation though*@A 3d/he a++lications are running in any AI R +lat"orm "edora < D de'ian etc

@s already stated in 7uestion 5 the really reusa'le items need to 'e Harchety+al orideali9ed items and not really exact "inds. :or exam+le it8s easier and more use"ul tohave in a 0ind o" digital model li'rary and reuse the Harchety+al *orinthian helmet o"late @rchaic early *lassical +eriod than the real *orinthian helmet o" Miltiadesdating to this +eriod and +reserved in ;lym+ia. /he need "or such li'raries is gro ing

ith the gro ing num'er o" ! +ro-ects 'ut its usa'ility relies u+on the 7uality andaccessi'ility o" metadata "ollo ing the models hen 'y hom according to hich

sources intending to hat etc. . $ometimes an entire virtual landsca+e may +lay therole o" mere scenery in order to develo+ di""erent action scenarios even ith varying

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 14/25

sco+e educational entertaining or artistic .

*!E:&*yl ell&de"ined re+ository and metadata descri'ing the digital assets

lund Modularity documentation

K*A Documentation documentation documentation. @"ter that loosely cou+led codestructures and 'lac0 'ox "unctions ith documentation o" course .

* ! & I$/I Minimi9e com+lexity maximi9e modularity use as much as +ossi'le a num'er o"elementary 'uilding 'loc0s.

* ! & I/@<* $tructure the digital array creating "iles in o+en or standard "ormats and accom+ainingthem ith in"ormation related to data characteristics including accuracy andresolution techni7ues used etc. and also trans+arency in"ormation

* A/ @/ Modularity documentation

*I E*@ !eagrding $ C modular and deco+u+led design se+arate ser Inter"ace "romrendering > com+utation cross&+lat"orm develo+ment use o" o+en source com+onents

!egarding data > modelsC usage o" toolchains allo ing ide variety o" im+ort&ex+ortuse a coherent and meaningu"ul naming schema im+ose si9e constraints to assetsmodel textures C s+lit models > scenes into consistent com+onents reuse assestsli'raries as much as +ossi'le use +rocedural modeling > scri+ting to assem'le

scenes

:!@ B;:E! Modularity scalea'ility and a++ro+riate in"ormation models. Moreover +orta'ilityissues over +lat"orms is ma-or concern ithin the B domain. Bere intero+era'ility isone ma-or issue in so"t are develo+ment cycles.

9. 7&at is more im$ortant :o$en formats; or :o$en soft)are;0

irtual are ;+en "ormats allo to +reserve intelligi'ly data o+en so"t are hel+s ith the or0N Inmy o+inion the im+ortant thing is the D@/@ 'ecause al ays is +ossi'le to ma0e 'etterso"t are 'ut it don8t use to 'e +ossi'le to ac7uire 'etter data.

E/: 'oth

IME /he o+en so"t are is use"ul having the +ossi'ility to use advanced technologies ithno initial cost. Bo ever there are hidden costs 'ecause in a ne version o" the o+enso"t are such as li'raries the virtual orld has to 'e reada+ted in order to use the neversion o" the so"t are. :or exam+le the vegetation e use an o+en so"t are not "ree'ut o+en e have to code . e used and develo+ed trees in the +revious version. I"

e don8t use no the ne version and integrate it in the engine e ill not 'e a'le touse the ne assets./he ;+en "ormat seem to have only advantages such as ;$L "or use 'ut there aresome limitations. <ecause o+en "ormat usually is develo+ed to cover general mar0etneeds and not very s+eci"ic "or small +arts o" the mar0et such as cultural sector. :orexam+le ;ML does not su++ort the +ossi'ility to use a very s+eci"ic ty+e o" animationssu++orting only rigid 'ody animations "or im+ort "rom studio max and not any otherty+e o" animations such as mor+hing used no "or "aces etc . Bence e have to+roduce additional code or other methods to im+ort them

*!E:&*yl o+en "ormats

lund o+en "ormats

K*A ;+en "ormats

* ! & I$/I ,ro'a'ly o+en "ormats

* ! & I/@<* ;+en "ormats "irst o" all secondly ;+en so"t are

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 15/25

* A/ @/ ;+en "ormats

*I E*@ My o+inion is that a "ormat to 'e e""ectively and consistently o+en deserves either adecent o+en source im+lementation o" a reader > +layer > converter or a strongcommercial mono+oly.In the +resence o" a live o+en source im+lementation com+eting vendors are "orcedto 'e com+liant to the set o" "eatures the o+en source code +rovides.

see @utodes0 :<R versus *;AA@D@

:!@ B;:E! ;+en :ormats or ;+en $o"t are de+end on the strategies on ho they are maintainedand "urther driven. $ometimes community 'ased a++roaches to or0 sometimes theydon8t. I" a community is strong enough to "ollo the given +aths it might 'e success"ul.I" so"t are has to create revenue e might end u+ in o+en systems that are not o+enand 'elong to third +arties. /hus *ollada e.g. is a good exam+le on ho it might or0.

<. 7&at 8in" of "ata can be re use"0 #D mo"els0 Textures0 2oun"s0...

irtual are I" the data is good every 0ind o" multimedia data is reusa'le. In the sco+e o" a +ro-ect

It use to 'e more use"ul original ac7uired data than "inal ela'orated results 'ecauseresults o"ten are "ocused on a +articular +ro-ect.

E/: @ll mentioned i" develo+ed in the suita'le standard.

IME @ll o" them under the technical conditions and methodological conditions descri'eda'ove.*oncerning textures there is a technical limitation :B textures dimensions are in+o er o" 2 not "or exam+le 4C3 'ut 2C2 4C4 etc . *onse7uently they have to 'ecom+ati'le ith the need o" the other user or the reverse.

*!E:&*yl any

lund @ll ty+es o" data

K*A Everything can 'e reused or re or0ed i.e. one +lat"orm may not acce+t a +articular"ormat 'ut it can 'e converted

* ! & I$/I @ll ty+es o" 'asic data assuming they are documented metadata and encoded ino+en > standard "ormats

* ! & I/@<* @ll ty+es o" 'asic data assuming they are documented metadata and encoded ino+en > standard "ormats

* A/ @/ @ll. 3d models are harder to 'e re&used.

*I E*@ @ll ty+es o" 'asic data assuming they are documented metadata and encoded ino+en > standard "ormats 3D com+lex scenes are harder to reuse

:!@ B;:E! @ll ty+es o" 'asic data assuming they are documented metadata and encoded ino+en > standard "ormats

=. Do )e nee" to ac&ieve a librar "atabase of #D %o"els to s&are :basic; mo"els suc&as roman &ouses )alls columns frie>es an" so on t&at coul" be reuse" an" re4arran'e" in an unlimite" )a 0

irtual are It ould 'e very use"ul not to have to ma0e our o n li'rary.

E/: yesIME I" that can 'e standardi9ed and the content is technically codi"ied is use"ul. In any case

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 16/25

that +rocess has to 'e com'ined ith the metadata scienti"ic descri+tion andre"erences in order to 'e validated.

*!E:&*yl "or a very generic use only and very 'asic & i" e ant to create something generic andnot directly related to a s+eci"ic +hysical asset. in reality i thin0 that it ould 'e morevalua'le to +reserve +rocedures and rules on ho to create *B digital assets.

lund ot sure a'out this one. May'e i" e could "ind a very general set o" 'asic models. otsure hat that ould 'e though

K*A Jes 'ut only i" the documentation 'oth metadata and +aradata is there. I" I had adollar "or every time I have seen a model o" a roman villa here an ina++ro+riatetexture or architectural "eature has 'een sla++ed on 'ecause it is H+retty rather thanactually understanding the context I ould 'e a richer man today.

* ! & I$/I Jes I thin0 this ould 'e very use"ul assuming good documentation and metadataare lin0ed>attached to the digital assets .

* ! & I/@<* Jes es+ecially hen or0ing ith roman architecture and you need to use a+rocedural a++roach

* A/ @/ Lood idea

*I E*@ <asic reusa'le assets li0e arch com+onents materials etc ould 'e use"ulex+ecially i" in sligtly di""erent variation coherent dimensions material metadatatagging.Main use ould 'e in +rocedural modelin > scri+ting to reduce modelling time "or'uilding context scene

:!@ B;:E! Jes i" ade7uate documentation and "urther develo+ments can 'e maintained.

1?. o) "o ou create a stan"ar" #" mo"els t&at can be reuse"0

irtual are /o reuse a 3D model it should have some semantic tags to classi"y it clearly i.e.+eriodC $.I & and allo di""erent criteria "iltering.

E/: *ould 'e ex+orted in some common "ormat such as ;<P

IME /echnically e create 3d models that are in standard "ormat .xsi hich is commerciallyavaila'le so"t are so that can 'e reused or converted under the technical andmethodological limitations descri'ed a'ove.

*!E:&*yl 'y de"ining +rocedures rules 'est +ractices e.g. +rocedural modeling

lund so "ar I can say that success"ul standards ere 3D model "ormats such as ;<P or,AJ a'le to visuali9e the models in multi+le +lat"orms 0ee+ing unchanged geometrical

and texture in"ormationK*A se either an I$; 3D standard or a de "acto standard. !emem'er that at the end o"

the develo+ment cycle you should 'e +roducing a data dou'le irres+ective o" hatever standard you are using. ,ersonally I +re"er I$;>IE* 14((2 the !MA#( "ormat.

* ! & I$/I Models encoded using di""use data re+resentation "ormats and descri'ed 'y means o"metadata

* ! & I/@<* Models ex+orted in o+en or standard "ormats together ith related in"ormation

* A/ @/ Ex+ort it to common or standard "ormat !MA *;AA@D@N

*I E*@ Models ex+orted in o+en or standard "ormats together ith related in"ormation

:!@ B;:E! Ex+ort o" models in standard "ormats. Metadata is ty+ically maintained in an additional

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 17/25

RMA scheme.

11. 7oul" ou ma8e our multime"ia assets +#" mo"els stu"io vi"eo- available t&rou'&v4must $latform0

irtual are 'y some 0ind o" commercial agreement de+ending on target +ro-ect +ro+osal.

E/: "ully do nloada'le under a s+eci"ic licence i.e. *reative commons etc.

IME Ma0e availa'le 3d assets through &M $/ +lat"orm is a +ossi'ility e are examiningthrough our +artici+ation in other +8s such as , 5. @s "ar as technical andmethodological issues are clari"ied and resolved :B is illing to ma0e availa'le+recise 3d assets through &M $/ +lat"orm. /here are though various issues to 'eresolved li0e hat 0ind o" assets elements o" virtual orlds com+letereconstructions o'-ects can 'e trans"erred technological issues such as resolutionreusa'ility +ossi'ilities and metadata management and scienti"ic validation "orreusa'ility should also 'e standardi9ed as ell as the 0ind o" licence hich e thin0should 'e creative commons "or non commercial uses and commercial "or all other

+ur+oses.*!E:&*yl "ully do nloada'le under a s+eci"ic licence i.e. *reative commons etc.

lund "ully do nloada'le under a s+eci"ic licence i.e. *reative commons etc.

K*A /hat ould 'e an institutional 7uestion I am una'le to ans er. ,ersonally I thin0 that itshould 'e availa'le under creative commons license or similar as a "ully do nloada'ledocumented and most im+ortantly cita'le model.

* ! & I$/I "ully do nloada'le under a s+eci"ic licence i.e. *reative commons etc.

* ! & I/@<* e ould see t o levelsC one related to the scienti"ic use and one to the virtualmuseum community. In the "irst case the access ill 'e o+en in visualisation to any

registered +eo+le "or colla'orative or0 ill 'e great in the second case use"ul incase o" +lanning transmedia or exchange "inal +roducts most o" themodels>media>a++lications may 'e delivered under *reative *ommons licence hilein other cases this ill de+end u+on the institutions involved and their re7uest. emight suggest in most cases a text ith indication o" the +erson>institution to contactand re"erence on the use "or research>scienti"ic commons or commercial use

* A/ @/ I" it is a digiti9ed 3d model then e have another +artner e should consider the$u+reme *ouncil o" @nti7uity. ;ther ise and i" the organi9ation allo s then it ould'eC "ully do nloada'le under a s+eci"ic licence i.e. *reative commons etc.

*I E*@ "ully do n loada'le under a s+eci"ic license i.e. *reative commons etc.

:!@ B;:E! Do nloada'le under a s+eci"ic licence i.e.*reative *ommons

#.#.!. Resume of ans)ers

Most o" the +artici+ants indicated that they can re-use content at di""erent levels. /heyidenti"ied some 0ey "actors to achieve re&usa'ility such asC

minimi9e com+lexitymaximi9e modularityidenti"y target +lat"orms 'e"ore the 'eginning o" +roductionusing standardsuse ell&de"ined re+ository

use metadata.

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 18/25

,artici+ants agree that all t $es of content can be re4use" "or exam+le sounds 3d modelstextures etc. o" course ith some considerations. Data reuse is sim+li"ied i" it is +ossi'le to addmeta"ata to the +ure geometric data or i" e use stan"ar" formats li0e .o'- "or the encoding o"3D models./he im+ortant as+ect to ta0e into account is that t&e more s$ecific t&e content is t&e more it

is &ar" to be re4use" . @s :oundation o" the Bellenic orld statedC H the really reusable items,need to be “archetypal or idealized” items and not really exact find. For instance furniture orvases, which furnish a house and are not shown depicting real finds from this house, they maybe reused to furnish another house of the same period” Mem'ers recommend to esta'lishing a 3D library for re-usable content . /his should includegeneric content and not s+eci"ic "inds.Most o" the +artici+ants agree that 'oth content and system can be re-used. /hey alsoindicated that systems are much harder to 'e re&used and re7uire care"ul +lanning 'e"ore thedevelo+ment +hase.

#.3. Re4tar'etin'#.3.1. (uestion an" ans)ers relate" to re4usabilit

1!. Can ou re use t&e same "i'ital assets t&at ou &ave create" for one me"ium +)ebfor exam$le- in a "ifferent me"ium +mobile for exam$le-0

irtual are It de+ends on the assets com+lexity. $ome +ro-ects are not vie a'le on a mo'ile dueto its data si9e > hard are ca+a'ilities 'ut in the other hand some other +ro-ects aredirectly com+ati'le ith smart&+hones @ndroid I;$ .

E/: yes

IME In +rinci+le yes. /he content can 'e reused 'ecause it is develo+ed having the "ullin"ormation and details. Bo ever that action reac7uires technical ada+tation "or

di""erent medias such us retexturing or video +rocessing sim+li"ication o" geometry*!E:&*yl not automatically & "or each media there should 'e a di""erent asset

lund Jes

K*A Jes 'ut only i" the original 'uild has ta0en into consideration the "act that it should 'ea'le to 'e reused. sually this ill 'e done using the ,entangle Method "or thedevelo+ment cycle.

* ! & I$/I It de+ends on asset com+lexity and 7uality 'ut usually yes since e are usuallyac7uiring high&7uality models that later on can 'e scaled do n to meet the s+eci"icre7uirements o" any distri'ution medium

* ! & I/@<* ot easy 'ut +ossi'le "or +ast +ro-ects ne irtual Museums are no +lanned to 'eas re&usa'le in di""erent media as +ossi'le on site installations develo+ed ith nity3d U on line ! a++lication 'ased on ;+en$ceneLra+h 'oth "rom same dataset . /he+ro'lem is that 3d models +roduced in the modelling so"t are such as Max or <lenderare then im+roved adding several e""ects in the authoring environments adding "orinstance shaders . Bo can e +reserve thatG

* A/ @/ Jes e this +re&condition in mind.

*I E*@ In our ex+erience o" +orting Bigh end ! content to the e' it can 'e done 'ut is notstraight"or ard re7uires a mix o" scri+ting and manual or0C e did not "oundautomatic system a'le to e""ectively do ngrade com+lex scenes i" you 0no one+lease let me 0no ....

:!@ B;:E! Jes. e have im+lemented di""erent +ro"iles ithin the R3D standard allo ing to re&target assets. Ai0ely the resolution has to 'e ada+ted yet e are or0ing on

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 19/25

streaming solutions allo ing to trans"er the same assets on di""erent +lat"orms.

#.3.!. Resume of ans)ers

@s mentioned in the H 2tan"ar"s section o" this document +artici+ants see standards as a ay

to achieve re&targeting. @ll +artici+ants indicated that they can use the same content they develo+ed across di""erent+lat"orms local ,* e' mo'ileN . /o do that content must 'e develo+ed ith the conce+t o"re&targeting in mind. /his ould re7uire to ta0e into account a num'er o" ada+tations to 'econsidered "irst. Pust to introduce a "e exam+lesC re&texturing video +rocessing or the degreeo" geometry sim+li"ication re7uired to have a geometrical com+lexity that could 'e managede""iciently on the di""erent +lat"orms.

3. Conclusion/he BoQ mechanism used to identi"y re7uirements and shortcomings in M domain is a verye""ective ay to ex+lore the missing +arts or at least the +erceived de"iciencies. Bo ever

those 7uestions need to 'e ans ered. @s a "irst ste+ to ans ering those 7uestions e need to0no more a'out current +ractices 'eing im+lemented 'y the di""erent &M $/ +artners. ecom+iled a set o" 7uestions and the ans ers +roduced 'y &M $/ +artners ere veryinteresting it turns to 'e almost all o" the +artici+ants agree on 'asic conce+ts 'ut di""ers inim+lementing those conce+ts. /his is o'viously 'ecause the research in this area is "ragmentedand there are many ga+s that are needed to 'e "illed./he results contained in this delivera'le section 3. *urrent +artici+ants methodologies ill 'e+assed to other mem'ers in the consortium in +articular ,3 in order to re"ine the conclusionand sha+e a or0ing +ro+osal "or Ms to 'e +assed to the technical or0 +ac0ages ,4 and

,5 "or im+lementation. /he ,lat"orm and /he *ommon Im+lementation :rame or0develo+ed in ,4 and ,5 should have ans ers to those 7uestions&re7uirements. /he nextversion o" this delivera'le ill include the "eed'ac0 o" more +artici+ants since a largercommunity is +lanned to 'e included in the next survey.

$ome o" the +ro'lems identi"ied "rom section 3. *urrent +artici+ants methodologies areC• short li"e&cycle "or digital assets systems• lac0 o" a areness at non&technical 'ene"iciaries level on hard are>so"t are

maintenance• multi+le standards and>or lac0 o" common standards• ide variety o" or0"lo s• no agreed +olicies regarding "ormats•

no common +ractice regarding saving digital assets that "acilitate their re&use• conse7uent lac0 o" +u'lic visi'ility on legacy data ith conse7uent du+lication o" e""orts• /here are three main areas here methodologies com+ati'ility and re&usa'ility should

address hich areC digital assets systems and hard are installations.

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 20/25

5. References

5.1. Euro$ean Pro@ects t&at are relate" to stan"ar"s re4usabilit an" $reservation

Pro@ect Ob@ective s

I*/ *all 6 & /he +ro-ects started 'et een Decem'er 2%1% and @+ril 2%11

@,@!$E & @lliance ,ermanent @ccess to the!ecords o" $cience in Euro+e et or0

long&term accessi'ility and usa'ility o" digitalin"ormation and data

+reservation access and re&use o" data

@!*;MEM & @rchive *ommunities Memories content a++raisal selection and +reservation.

E $ !E & Ena'ling 0 o ledge $ustaina'ilitysa'ility and !ecovery "or Economic value

using o""&the&shel" I/ technologies "or +reservationto su++ort di""erent ty+es o" digital resources

$*@,E & $cala'le ,reservation Environments enhance the state o" the art o" digital +reservation

/IM< $ & Digital ,reservation "or /imeless<usiness ,rocesses and $ervices

enlarge the understanding o" digital +reservation

"4Ever & @dvanced or0"lo ,reservation/echnologies "or Enhanced $cience

+roviding the methods and tools re7uired to ensurethe long&term +reservation o" scienti"ic or0"lo s inorder to su++ort the scienti"ic discovery +rocess andthe develo+ment o" ne scienti"ic assets

I*/ *all 3 & /he +ro-ects started 'et een Decem'er 2%%) and :e'ruary 2%%#

3D&*;:;!M & /ools and Ex+ertise "or 3D*ollection :ormation

KEE, Kee+ing Emulation Environments,orta'le

create +orta'le emulators ena'ling access to anduse o" digital o'-ects stored on outdated com+utermedia

,resto,!IME ill address long&term +reservation o" and access todigital audio&visual content 'y integrating mediaarchives ith Euro+ean on&line digital li'raries.

I*/ *all 1 & /he +ro-ects started 'et een ovem'er 2%%( and March 2%%)

Ai @ & Aiving e' @rchives ensure long term inter+reta'ility o" e' content

,@,J! $ & *ultural and Bistorical DigitalAi'raries Dynamically Mined "rom e s @rchives

cross&disci+line digital li'rary engine that allo s "ordra ing content "rom one domain and ma0ing itavaila'le and understanda'le to the users o"another

,!;/@LE & ,reservation ;rgani9ations sing/ools in @gent Environments

so"t are agents "or long&term digital +reservationand access that can 'e integrated in existing andne +reservation systems

$B@M@ & $ustaining Beritage @ccess throughMultivalent @rchiving

develo+ and test a next generation digital+reservation "rame or0

5.!. %ain $ublis&e" $a$ers& regarding using R3D standard in develo+ing irtual and Mixed !ealityC

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 21/25

<ehr Pohannes DWhne ,atric0 !oth MarcusC tili9ing R3D "or ImmersiveEnvironments. InC $+encer $te+hen . Ed. @*M $ILL!@,BC e'3D 2%%4.,roceedings C inth International *on"erence on 3D e' /echnology. e Jor0 C

@*M 2%%4 ++. (1&() 1)2 Pung Jvonne :ran0e /o'ias DWhne ,atric0 <ehr PohannesC Enhancing R3D "or

@dvanced M! @++liances. InC @*M $ILL!@,B u.a.C ,roceedings E<3D 2%%( C12th International *on"erence on 3D e' /echnology. e Jor0 C @*M ,ress2%%( ++. 2(&36

<ehr Pohannes DWhne ,atric0 Pung Jvonne e'el $a'ineC <eyond the e'<ro ser & R3D and Immersive !.InC IEEE *om+uter $ociety u.a.CIEEE irtual!eality 2%%(. ! /utorial and or0sho+ ,roceedingsC IEEE $ym+osium on 3D serInter"aces.,iscata ay P C IEEE $ervice *enter 2%%( 5 +.

:ellner Dieter . <ehr Pohannes <oc0holt lrichC instantreality & @ :rame or0 "orIndustrial @ugmented and irtual !eality @++lications.InC /he 2nd $ino&Lerman

or0sho+ irtual !eality @ugmented !eality in Industry C Invited ,a+er,roceedings. ,artici+ants Edition.$hanghai C $hanghai Piao /ong niversity 2%%#++. ()&)3

iccolucci :. <eacham !. Bermon $. Denard B. :ive Jears @"terC /he Aondon*harter !evisited in @. @rtusi M. Poly L. Aucet D. ,it9alis @. !i'es eds. VA !"#$# !he $$ th %nternational ymposium on Virtual &eality, Archaeology, and 'ultural(eritage, Eurographics Association, ++. 1%1&1%4.

!ergarding trans+arency issuesC iccolucci :. Bermon $. @ :u99y Aogic @++roach to !elia'ility in @rchaeological

irtual !econstruction in iccolucci :. Bermon $. eds. )eyond the Artifact *+igital %nterpretation of the ast roceedings of the 'AA"##- 'onference, rato,%taly . @rchaeolingua <uda+est ++. 26&33.*ugimoto, G., Felicetti, A., ,erlingieri *. Bermon $. *ID;*&*!M $+iderC$tonehenge as an Exam+le o" $em antic Cata 9ntegration, in Arnold, C.,

halmers, *., iccolucci, F. Deds.E Future !echnologies to mpower (eritagerofessionals. roceedings of the /th %nternational ymposium on Virtual &eality,

Archaeology and %ntelligent 'ultural (eritage, )righton "##0. Eurogra+hics @ssociation ++. 4(&54.

Bermon $. !easoning in 3DC a *ritical @++raisal o" the !ole o" 3D Modelling andirtual !econstructions in @rchaeology in <. :rischer and @. Da0ouri&Bild eds.

)eyond %llustration1 "+ and 2+ !echnologies as !ools for +iscovery in Archaeology <.@.!. International $eries 1)%5 @rchaeo+ress ;x"ord ++. 36&45.

Bermon $. i0odem P. ,erlingieri *. Deconstructing the ! & Data /rans+arencyQuanti"ied ncertainty and !elia'ility o" 3D Models. In Ioannides M. @rnold D.

icclucci :. Mania K. Eds. . !he e3+ocumentation of 'ultural (eritage.roceedings of the 0th %nternational ymposium on Virtual &eality, Archaeology and

%ntelligent 'ultural (eritage 45icosia, 'yprus, "##67. Eurogra+hics @ssociation @ire&Aa& ille ++. 123 12#.

Bermon $. Kalis+eris A. <et een the !eal and the irtualC 3D visuali9ation in thearchaeological research & ex+ectations and +ros+ects Virtual Archaeology &eview2 4 C 5#&63.

5.# reference table on stan"ar" formats

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 22/25

2DELIVERABLE REPORT

Doc. Identifier:

D. 2.4

methodologies, compatibility & re-usability

Date : 15 -10-2011

/his ta'le 1 contains some "ile "ormats and data interchange "ormats hich are eithercon"ormant to I$; hich are very idely used throughout the orld ide e' or hich

ere created 'y industry consortiums and>or are o+en to +u'lic use.

ame 2tan"ar" Cate'or Base

$ID:C $ystem&inde+endent data "ormat I$; 14)63 E*M@&2%) "ile system image

*D:$C *D&!;M "ile systen I$; #66% "ile system image

/e0tronix Bex codeMotorola $record code

*A@$$C Pava class "ile /he Pava virtual machines+eci"ication code

MIDIC $tandard MIDI "iles$M: audio

@I:*C @udio interchange "ile"ormat com+ressed Ain0 to s+eci"ication audio I::

@I::C @udio interchange "ile"ormat Ain0 to s+eci"ication audio I::

:A@*C :ree lossless audiocodec Ain0 to s+eci"ication audio

M,3C M,EL audio stream audio

$,EER @udio com+ressioncodec /he $+eex *odec Manual audio

or'is @udio com+ressioncodec

;gg logical 'itstream"raming audio

@ Ain0 to s+eci"ication audio !I::

P LC P,EL et or0 gra+hics Ain0 to s+eci"ication image , L

P,EL2%%%C :ile stream I$; 15444 image

P,EL P:I: image

1 & htt+C>>magicd'.org>std"iles.html

Grant Agreement 270404

FHWPublic

22 / 25

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 23/25

2DELIVERABLE REPORT

Doc. Identifier:

D. 2.4

methodologies, compatibility & re-usability

Date : 15 -10-2011

ERI:C Echangea'le "ile "ormat Ain0 to s+eci"ication image P,EL $,I::

, LC ,orta'le net or0gra+hics I$; 15#4) image ; E

/I::C /agged interchange "ile"ormat I$; 1263# image

*LMC *om+uter gra+hicsmeta"ile I$; )632 image

DR:C Dra ing exchange "ile"ormat Ain0 to s+eci"ication 3d model

!MAC irtual !ealitymodeling language I$; 14((2 3d model $LMA

R3DC Extensi'le 3D I$; 1#((6 3d model RMA

<X2C <9i+2 Ain0 to s+eci"ication archive or directory

LXC L9i+ IE/: !:* 1#52 archive or directory

/@!C /a+e archive Ain0 to s+eci"ication archive or directory ; E

/@!C /a+e archive ,;$IR archive or directory ; E

XI, version 2 Ain0 to s+eci"ication archive or directory ; E

B/MAC By+ertext mar0u+language

I$; 15445 su'set o" B/MA4.%1 3* B/MA 4.%1 text or document $LMA

,D:C ,orta'le document "ormat

I$; 15#3% su'set o" ,D:1.4 & ,D:>R @do'e text or document ,ostscri+t

$LMAC$tandard Lenerali9edMar0u+ Aanguage I$; ))(# text or document ; E

;+enty+e "ont Ain0 to s+eci"ication "ont

@ IC @udio video interleaved Ain0 to s+eci"ication video or animatiom !I::

M; C Quic0time Ain0 to s+eci"ication video or animatiom

M,EL video or animatiom

;LL /rans+ort stream IE/: !:* 3533 video or animatiom

!M:C !ealmedia stream "ile video or animatiom

$ :C $hoc0 ave :lash Ain0 to s+eci"ication video or animatiom

Grant Agreement 270404

FHWPublic

23 / 25

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 24/25

2DELIVERABLE REPORT

Doc. Identifier:

D. 2.4

methodologies, compatibility & re-usability

Date : 15 -10-2011

M LC Multi+le image net or0gra+hics Ain0 to s+eci"ication video or animatiom , L

v*ard Ain0 to s+eci"ication +ersonal in"ormationmanagement

i*alendar IE/: !:* 2445 +ersonal in"ormationmanagement

v*alendar Ain0 to s+eci"ication +ersonal in"ormationmanagement

I::C Interchange "ile "ormat Electronic @rts I:: )5 generic container

!I::C !esource interchange"ile "ormat generic container

RMAC Extensi'le mar0u+language

Extensi'le Mar0u+Aanguage RMA 1.% generic container $LMA

;AEC $tructured com+ound"ile generic container ; E

,orta'le a++licationdescri+tion "ile

,orta'le a++l icationdescri+tion metadata RMA

Extensi'le metadata +lat"ormsidecar "ile RM, $+eci"ication metadata RMA

!e"erenceC

htt+C>> .cas+ar+reserves.eu>index.htmlhtt+C>>magicd'.org>std"iles.html

Grant Agreement 270404

FHWPublic

24 / 25

8/13/2019 VMUST2011

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/vmust2011 25/25

i =:;!%)?. 8a villa di 8ivia1 un percorso di ricerca di archeologia virtuale M. :orte ed. YAFErmaZ di<retschneider I$< )))2654613

ii !ight&Bemis+here Dee+&Ex+lorer htt+C>> .righthemis+here.com>iii ;0ino *om+uter Lra+hics ,olytrans htt+C>> .o0ino.comiv *atia Dassault $ystems .3ds.comv 3D $tandard E*M@&363 niversal 3D :ile :ormat 1st edition to 4th edition Pune 2%%(

htt+C>> .ecma&international.org>+u'lications>standards>Ecma&363.htmvi *atia Dassault $ystems 3DRMA htt+C>> .3ds.com>3dxmlvii $/E, I$; 1%3%3 htt+C>> .tc1)4&sc4.org>viii !. @rnaud M.*. <arnesC H*olladaC $ailing the Lul" o" 3D Digital *ontent *reation ,u'lished 'y

,eters @ K Aimited $e+tem'er 2%%6 I$< &13C #()156))12)()ix R3D I$;>IE* 1#((5C2%%4 . e'3d.orgx !MA #( I$;>IE* 14((2&1C1##( . e'3d.orgxi Khronos Lrou+ htt+C>> .0hronos.org>C Industry consortium creating o+en standards "or authoring

and acceleration o" +arallel com+uting gra+hics and dynamic media.xii R3D $+eci"ications Encodings and Aanguage <indings

htt+C>> . e'3d.org>x3d>s+eci"ications>[x3d& s+ecxiii M,EL&4. <I:$C I$;>IE* P/* 1>$* 2#> L 11 (6%)

xiv <I:$C $tanding "or <inary :ormat "or $cene <I:$ I$;>IE* 144#6&11 *oding o" audio&visualo'-ects ,art 11C $cene descri+tion and @++lication engine