vladimir yurevich lhep/jinr, dubnandip.in2p3.fr/tours14/agenda/agenda-by-day/presentations/... ·...

Development and study of picosecond start and trigger

detector for high-energy heavy ion experiments

Vladimir Yurevich

LHEP/JINR, Dubna

NDIP14

V. Yurevich JINR / Dubna

[email protected]

Outline

• MPD and BM@N – new heavy ion projects at JINR

• Modular Cherenkov detectors

• Detector module

• Time calibration

• Beam tests

• Detector response and time resolution

• MC simulation of trigger performance

• Conclusion

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MPD and BM@N – new heavy ion projects at JINR

MPD

BM@N

Aim is study of hot and dense baryonic matter formed in Au + Au collisions

• BM@N project – Fixed target experiment, Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron (2016)

• MPD project – NICA collider experiment, Multi-Purpose Detector (~2019)

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MPD and BM@N – new heavy ion projects at JINR

SP- 41 magnet

ZDC

RPC (TOF)

FFD

DCST

Target

T0

MPD setup BM@N setup

Modular Cherenkov Detectors with Picosecond Time Resolution

FFD

FFD

2.3 < |η | <3.1

Vacuum pipe

L

RIP

BeamTarget

Vacuumpipe

T0 detector

75 cm

FFD 2 arrays2×12 modules2×48 channels

T0 1 array12 modules48 channelsFast Forward Detector

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Modular Cherenkov Detectors

Detector Project Time Operation in L0 triggerresolution magnetic field min.bias central coll.

Fast Forward Detector (FFD) MPD < 50 ps B = 0.5 T Yes YesT0 detector (T0) BM@N < 50 ps B = 0.1 T Yes Yes

The detector concept is based on registration of Cherenkov radiation induced by high-energy photons from π0-decays and relativistic π± .

The aim of developed modular detectors :

• Start signal for TOF detector based on RPCs

• L0 trigger of Au + Au collisions

Requirements:

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Anode pads of MCP-PMT are joined into 2 × 2 cells(4×4 pads/cell)

FEE includes:- 4 channels for pulses from anode pads (cells) - a single channel for pulse from MCPs output

Detector Module

12

34567

8

1 – Pb plate (converter of high-energy photons)2 – quartz radiator bars3 – MCP-PMT XP85012/A1-Q4 – FEE board5 – module housing6 – HV connector7 – SMA outputs of analog signals8 – HDMI cable (LVDS signals + LV for FEE)

MCP-PMT XP85012/A1-Q(PHOTONIS)

25 μm pore8×8 anode pads53×53-mm photocathodeQuartz windowPackage open-area-ratio – 80%Rise time – 0.6 nsEfficiency in UV range – 17-20%Gain ~ 10 at 1500 V

Detector of Cherenkov photons

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5

MCP double, chevron,

Detector Module

A scheme of single channel of FEE

Module main components

Front-end electronics

MCP-PMT gain ~10 (HV ≈ -1500V)FEE amplifier gain ~30Analog output with rise time 1.3 ns and pulse width ~5 nsDiscriminator output – LVDS pulses with width up to 25 ns

5

Two different quartz radiators were used in test measurements 53×53 mm ≈ photocathode size

Dead area ≈ 20%59×59 mm ≈ MCP-PMT size

Dead area ≈ 0%

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XP85012/A1-Q Quartz radiator

FEE boards

Time CalibrationNDIP14


1. ps-laser system

Laser head withoptic system

Reference detectorsbased on MCP-PMT

Two methods of time calibration of detector channels:

2. Reference beam counter system for T0 detector

ps-laser with optic system PiLas, 20 ps, 405 nm Advanced LaserDiode Systems

Quartz fiber bundle fibers WF100/140/300N BIOLITEC MCP-PMT (ref. detectors) PP0365G PHOTONISElectronics (ref. detectors) 9306, 9307 ORTEC

Main components

BC1, BC2 – Cherenkov beam counters

PiLas Control UnitLaser head withOptic system

MCP-PMT

Photodetector MCP-PMT PP0365G (PHOTONIS)MCP double , chevron, 6-μm pore sizeQuartz windowPhotocathode diam. 17.5 mm Rise time 200 psSensitivity in UV range QE ≈ 25–30 %Typical gain 7×10 5

Beam Tests 2013 - 2014

Beam of Nuclotron: 3.5-GeV deuteronsExperimental Area

TOF measurements with two pairs of modules D1–D2 and D3–D4:• analog signals DRS4(V4) digitizers from PSI • LVDS signals VME module TDC32VL from JINR

(32-channel 25 ps multihit time stamping TDC)

Modules prepared for beam test

Two MWPCs were used for particle tracking through detectors located on beam line

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Detector Response and Time Resolution

Pulses of Detector 1 Pulses of Detector 2

Pulses of Detector 3 Pulses of Detector 4

Pulse form measured with DRS4 Evaluation Board V4

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10 events when 3.5-GeV deuteron passes through the quartz bars of the detectors


TOF measurements with pair of the modules and DRS4 E.B.V4

D1–D2 D3–D4

TOF result 33.5 psReadout electronics 14 ps

Single detector resolution 21.5 ps

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TOF measurements with pair of the modules and TDC32VLh_ffd_wid30

Entries 4215Mean 12.34RMS 1.215

LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

20

40

60

80

100

120 h_ffd_wid30Entries 4215Mean 12.34RMS 1.215

FFD Width v-3 h-0h_ffd_wid31


LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

20

40

60

80

100

120h_ffd_wid31




LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90h_ffd_wid32




LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 25

0

5

10

15

20


FFD Width v-3 h-3

h_ffd_wid20Entries 3666Mean 12.55RMS 1.262

LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90h_ffd_wid20




LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180h_ffd_wid21




LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

20

40

60

80




LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

5

10

15

20

25

30

35h_ffd_wid23


FFD Width v-2 h-3


LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

20

40

60

80

100




LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

20

40

60

80

100




LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

20

40

60

80




LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

5

10

15

20

25


FFD Width v-1 h-3


LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

5

10

15

20

25

30




LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

5

10

15

20

25

30

35h_ffd_wid01




LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

5

10

15

20

25

30




LVDS Width, ns0 5 10 15 20 250

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20h_ffd_wid03


FFD Width v-0 h-3

h_ffd_dt30Entries 2640Mean 0.5641RMS 0.06198

/ ndf 2χ 32.32 / 24Constant 11.5± 449.6 Mean 0.001± 0.564 Sigma 0.00093± 0.05638

T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450



T v-3 h-0ΔFFD



T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900 h_ffd_dt31Entries 4651Mean 0.5546RMS 0.05364


T v-3 h-1ΔFFD



T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

100

200

300

400

500

600

700



T v-3 h-2ΔFFD



0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4020406080

100120140160180200220240 h_ffd_dt33



T v-3 h-3ΔFFD

h_ffd_dt20Entries 2489

Mean 0.5539

RMS 0.06673

/ ndf 2χ 36.65 / 26

Constant 10.9± 421.6

Mean 0.0012± 0.5518

Sigma 0.00090± 0.05656

T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400


Mean 0.5539

RMS 0.06673

/ ndf 2χ 36.65 / 26


Mean 0.0012± 0.5518

Sigma 0.00090± 0.05656

T v-2 h-0ΔFFD


/ ndf 2χ 40.79 / 21Constant 18.3± 1057 Mean 0.0007± 0.5453 Sigma 0.00053± 0.04951

T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

200

400

600

800

1000



T v-2 h-1ΔFFD



T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800h_ffd_dt22



T v-2 h-2ΔFFD



T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

50

100

150

200

250

300h_ffd_dt23



T v-2 h-3ΔFFD



T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450h_ffd_dt10



T v-1 h-0ΔFFD



T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900



T v-1 h-1ΔFFD


Mean 0.539

RMS 0.05971

/ ndf 2χ 43.34 / 21


Mean 0.0008± 0.5404

Sigma 0.00068± 0.05633

T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800h_ffd_dt12

Entries 4660

Mean 0.539

RMS 0.05971

/ ndf 2χ 43.34 / 21


Mean 0.0008± 0.5404

Sigma 0.00068± 0.05633

T v-1 h-2ΔFFD



T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

50

100

150

200

250



T v-1 h-3ΔFFD



T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180h_ffd_dt00



T v-0 h-0ΔFFD



T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

50

100

150

200

250

300



T v-0 h-1ΔFFD



T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

50

100

150

200

250



T v-0 h-2ΔFFD



T, nsΔ0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

20

40

60

80



T v-0 h-3ΔFFD

photocathode

Quartz bar29.5×29.5 mm

XP85012/A1-QPulse width distributions

TOF distributions

TOF resolution 54 psReadout electronics 25 ps

Single detector resolution 34 ps

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NNs

NNs, GeVγE

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

N, a

rb. u

n.

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

MC Simulation of Trigger Performance for FFD

impact parameter, fm0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

N p

er e

vent

0

10

20

30

40

50

b, fm0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

effic

ienc

y

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

= 5 GeV, 30peS

= 7 GeV, 30peS

= 9 GeV, 30peS

= 11 GeV, 30peS

Energy spectrum of photons in FFD acceptancefor Au + Au at = 5 GeV.

Photons in acceptance of single FFD array = 9 GeV

Efficiency of triggering the collisions by photon detection in single FFD array

UrQMD + GEANT3

7-mm Pb converter

number of optical photons0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

time

, n

s

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

Entries 36032Mean x 1417Mean y 2.783RMS x 612.6RMS y 0.1889Integral 3.557e+04 0 0 0 0 35571 461 0 0 0

-110

1

10

Entries 36032Mean x 1417Mean y 2.783RMS x 612.6RMS y 0.1889Integral 3.557e+04 0 0 0 0 35571 461 0 0 0

= 5 GeVSby charged, per pad, mbias AuAu

pπ

Plot of number of Cherenkov photons in radiator vstime of arrival of ch. particles at = 5 GeVNNs

NNsNNs

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MC Simulation of Trigger Performance for T0 detector LAQGSM + GEANT4

b, fm0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Num

ber

of d

etec

tor

sign

als

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

b, fm0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

effic

ienc

y

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Au + Au, 2 AGeV

b, fm0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Num

ber

of d

etec

tor

sign

als

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

b, fm0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

effic

ienc

y

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Au + Au, 4 AGeV

photons + ch. pions

Number of signals from T0 detector induced by high-energy photons and ch. pionsand corresponding detector efficiency as a function of impact parameter b for Au + Au collisions at energies 2 and 4 A GeV

• 100% efficiency for collisions with b < 10 fm• Central collisions provide maximum number of detector signals

and this fact can be used for triggering Au + Au central collisions

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ConclusionNDIP14


The developed modular Cherenkov detectors, FFD and T0, provide time resolution

much better than 50 ps required.

In test measurements with LVDS signals we got for the detector array

σ ≈ 34 ps for single pulse or

σ ≈ 8 ps for event with 20 pulses in Au + Au central collision

Even better result is obtained with method of digitizing pulse form.

In final version of the modules we decided to use

10-mm lead converter with photon conversion efficiency of 70%

quartz radiator 53×53 mm which is equal to photocathode area of XP85012

The T0 detector will be produced in 2014 and tested with beam in Feb. 2015.

t

t

vladimir yurevich lhep/jinr, dubnandip.in2p3.fr/tours14/agenda/agenda-by-day/presentations/... ·...

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