visualizing sustainable landscapes - iucn
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
| INTroDUCTIoN
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
UNDErSTANDING AND NEGoTIATING
CoNSErVATIoN AND DEVELoPmENT
TrADE-oS USING VISUAL TEChNIqUES
Agni Klintuni Bediatn
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
| INTroDUCTIoN
Te designatin gegapical entities in tis bk, and te pesentatin te ateial, d ntiply te expessin any pinin watseve n te pat IUCN and Jaes Ck Univesity
cncening te legal status any cunty, teity, aea, its autities, cncening tedeliitatin its nties bundaies.
Te views expessed in tis publicatin d nt necessaily eect tse IUCN and JaesCk Univesity.
Tis publicatin as been ade pssible in pat by unding te DGIS (ministy eignAais, Diectate-Geneal Intenatinal Cpeatin, Te Netelands), Aizna StateUnivesity and macAtu undatin.
Publised by: IUCN, Gland, Switzeland in cllabatin wit Jaes Ck Univesity, Cains,Austalia.
Cpyigt: 0 Intenatinal Unin Cnsevatin Natue and Natual resuces
repductin tis publicatin educatinal te nn-cecialpupses is autized witut pi witten peissin te cpyigtlde pvided te suce is ully acknwledged.
repductin tis publicatin esale te cecial pupses ispibited witut pi witten peissin te cpyigt lde.
Citatin: Bediatn, Agni Klintuni. (0). Visualizing Sustainable Landscapes:Undestanding and Negtiating Cnsevatin and Develpent Tade-s UsingVisual Techniques. Gland, Switzeland: IUCN. (56 pp).
ISBN: 978--87--9
Cve dawing: Whose vision by Agni Klintuni Bediatn
Ptgapsand dawings: Agni Klintuni Bediatn
Layut by: Pue Ink Ceative Studi, Jakata - Indnesia
Pduced by: Agni Klintuni Bediatn (IUCN est Cnsevatin Pgae and JaesCk Univesity)
Pinted by: Keta Pinting, Jakata - Indnesia
Available : IUCN (Intenatinal Unin Cnsevatin Natue)Publicatins Sevicesrue mauveney 896 GlandSwitzelandTel + 999 0000ax + 999 [email protected]/publicatins
The text this bk is pinted n ecycled pape 50 ga.
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Acknwledgements
Tank yu t IUCN (Intenatinal Unin Cnsevatin Natue), DGIS
(ministy eign Aais, Diectate-Geneal Intenatinal Cpeatin,
Te Netelands), Aizna State Univesity, macAtu undatin, IUCN
sta and ebes, lcal NGos and Jaes Ck Univesity.
Special tanks t clleagues w paticipated in te aking te anual:
Je Saye (IUCN and Jaes Ck Univesity), Stepen Kellee (IUCN -
LLS anage), Gill Seped, rbet ise, Edund Baw (IUCN - LLS
adviss), Tas mcSane (Aizna State Univesity), and Indnesian
clleagues w attended te wksp in Bali at wic uc tis
anual was dated: hewasn Sedjit (LIPI), Nining Liswanti (CIor),
Kis Tebu (Cnsevatin Intenatinal), Iansya Lubis, Lia Syafti, Isu
Widjaya, and Dewant (WW Indnesia), Listya Kusuawadani
(Indnesian ministy esty), Wawan and Ananta Kisna (Kayan
mentaang Natinal Pak, Indnesian ministy esty), Cis mab
(Lentz Natinal Pak, Indnesian ministy esty), Ek haty
and Ay Biw (Tpenbs Indnesia), Paulus Belapang (mmA),
Awin mh (Yayasan Pute), rubby Ei (Yayasan Kalienda ), Elisabet
Venica (YBAW), Yunus Yute (Sadana Institute), Andi Saagi
(PErDU/mNUKWAr), K.G. Daa Puta (Univesity Udayana, Bali),
I Gede maste and te Wngaya Gede Adat Leades, clleagues
Caen: Diniue Endaana and Cantal Wandja (IUCN Caen
ofce), mianda mika (roSE) and any e clleagues useul
inputs and saing tei expeience in te feld.
my tanks als t te ebes te cunities in Aica, Asia
and Latin Aeica w cllabated wit us in develping and testing
tese tecniues.
For my father Bapak Boedhihartono,
who inspired my interest in people and art
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TABLE oF CoNTENTS
Capte
Intductin
Paticipaty metds 0
Wat is Visualizatin
Visualizatin Step by Step 6
5Aniated Dawings andSat-mapping
6Getting te Sty rigt
7Using Data & Inatin Cunicatin & mniting
8Tips 5
9acilitatin Kit 5
0Ceck List 5
Useul Website and readings 5
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Baliem Valley,Papua, Indnesia
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
| INTroDUCTIoN
muc te wk tat inspied tis anual was cnducted as pat te IUCN
Livelids and Landscapes Stategy LLS. LLS sugt t ipve te livelids
te p wilst cnseving te envinental values te landscapes wee tey
live. LLS cussed n anaging landscapes pductin and envinental values.
A vaiety visual tecniues wee used in any te 7 landscapes wee LLS
wked and tis anual descibes se te lessns leaned visualizatin
execises in tse landscapes.
Why visualizatin?
Landscapes scale pgaes cnnt te ull cplexity te inteactins between
cnsevatin and develpent. Tey deal wit peples livelids, bidivesity, cliate
cange, te divesity cultue and languages, and te cnstant tansatins in
peples ways lie. one as t deal wit dieent etnic gups, dieent levels
educatin and liteacy and dieent inteest gups. It is essential t engage civilsciety, te pivate sect and gvenent agencies, as well as students, eseaces
and develpent pactitines lcal and intenatinal ganizatins.
Te value visualizatin is t get a pictue te way vaius individuals and gups
undestand te landscape and w tey wuld like it t evlve in te utue. Te
visualizatin activity itsel allws dieent peple t sae tei views and begin
negtiatins abut dieent and seties cnicting bjectives.
Visualizatin techniques can be used t:
. cus n te value esuces and nt n liits bundaies. Visual tecniues
eveal peples appeciatins te envinent and natual esuces in ways
tat ten get velked in te paticipaty pcesses.
. Epwe lcal stakeldes especially aginalized gups and unde-
pivileged peple. Visual tecniues elp t get te invlved and enable te
t cunicate tei knwledge and wises.
VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
INTroDUCTIoNLivelihds and Landscape
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. Epwe and engage dieent sects sciety instance wen and en,
te yung and te ld, etnic and linguistic inities etc.
. cus n istical tends and exple utue scenais tus elping t build an
undestanding te pcesses cange and nt siply t ecd situatins at
a pint in tie.
5. Enic cputeized tecniues t ake aniated pducts wic can te
basis discussin and negtiatin, pvide a peanent ecd decisins
and nit cange.
6. Cunicate scenais and desied utces t extenal audiences.
7. Build tust angst stakeldes in a ultiunctinal cntext.
8. Peventing expets aiving wit eady-ade slutins.
9. Undestand elatins between lage & sall scales (lcal, natinal
intenatinal inteests).
0. reslve cnicts.
Visualizatin r practitiners
Te need a anual nVisualization Techniquesase wk wit acilitats
dieent institutins (NGos, Univesity eseaces, gvenent agencies, and
sall lcal cunity assciatins) w all swed an inteest in using visual
etds. Tey saw ptential applicatins in planning and in siply undestanding
te cplexity te situatins and cnditins te places wee tey wk live.
Dieent visualizatin tecniues ae aleady widely used and seveal tese ae
discussed in tis anual instance se sustainable develpent pactitines
ave used ic pictues wee stakeldes illustate tei cncens n a lage
dawing tei envinent, tes use ptgapy and vide t cunicate
issues and t tack canges in landscapes.
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
| INTroDUCTIoN
Visualizatin Techniques ave been used wit nadic pastalists in Aica,
indigenus and est dwelling peples in te Cng Basin, Indnesia and Cental
Aeica, cattle ances in Sut Aeica and wit untain dwelles in te Atlas
anges in mcc. Tese tecniues ae used t cpae visins stakeldes and
t negtiate tade-s tug cpaing tese visins.
Te ai in pducing tis anual is t stengten te cunity pactitines w
ae using an innvative ange visual tecniues in dealing wit cnsevatin and
develpent situatins.
What is actually the prblem?
Develpent pgaes ae cing t te st islated places n eat and tis
ten teatens natue. T ake cnsevatin pgaes wk it is iptant t
undestand te eality n te gund peple w want t ave bette livelids
and see ecnic pgess in tei landscapes. Te issue is t ensue tat tis
develpent is sustainable and euitable. It is iptant t undestand te scial
and cultual cntexts te vaius stakeldes wen cnsideing any extenal
inteventin, and t be guided and ined by te lcal needs and cntexts.
Cnsevatin and develpent expets invest aj esuces is seeking win-win
slutins t cnicting esuce-use deands in develping cunties. Tese attepts
t integate cnsevatin and develpent pesent at least u ntable pbles:
outsides ave geat difculty in ully undestanding te cplexity te
landscapes and te ull ange values all te stakeldes.
Tee ae nueus acts wse decisins ipact n te landscape and
inuence its evlutin. Any attept t cange a landscape euies undestanding
and inuencing tese ultiple-acts.
In eality win-win utces ae te exceptin ate tan te ule and
tee ae alst always se w lse and se w gain. Te degee
.
.
.
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lss t se stakeldes as t be negtiated against te degee gain
t te stakeldes.
Tee ae dieent envinental and sci-cultual values angst
stakeldes in tese cplex landscapes and cplex issues gvenance
and pwe elatinsips.
Why wrk at a landscape scale?
Tese tecniues ave been used at dieent spatial scales wit dieent acts in
dieent cunties aund te wld. Te scale depends upn te pbles tat aebeing addessed and anges te village, distict, state, cunty, tans-bunday
egin etc. Te wd landscape applied at any tese scales is used t cnvey te
idea tat all te uses land and all te uses tat land ae being lked at in an
integated way.
Visual tecniues ave been used t pvide a aewk addessing cnicts
tade-s aund industial plantatins, natue eseves and natinal paks, cunity
ests, lgging cncessins, siply te aea wic a cunity daws itslivelid esuces instance te aea wee a cunity gates fewd
nn-tibe est pducts, etc.
Te pint landscape appaces and te lage scale cnsevatin and develpent
activities is tat te landscape ebaces te ull range scial, envirnmental
and ecnmic values. Tade-s ccu at dieent scales wic akes te all te
e difcult t anage and undestand.
.
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
| INTroDUCTIoN
In csing a scale t wk in a landscape, it is iptant t eebe:
Te scale at wic tade-s can be addessed
Te envinent tat peple undestand and can cnceptualize
Te scale at wic scenais ae useul
Te aea wee ne seeks t acieve cange
Te aea wee peple deive tei livelids
IUCN and te intenatinal ganizatins ten use landscape and ecsyste
appaces t deal wit cplex, lage scale pbles and t ecncile te dieent
views ultiple stakeldes.
Tee is n standad defnitin a landscape appac. In tis anual a landscape
is defned as a geographical area with its physical and biological eatures together
with the institutions and people who infuence the area and their cultural and spiritual
values. Te landscape appac is a pcess in wic all cncened acts attept t
lean and adapt tgete t acieve utces tat ae bette natue and peple.
Te IUCN use te landscape appac is siila t te ecsyste appac wic isdefned by te Cnventin n Bidivesity as a strategy or the integrated management
o land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in
an equitable way.Applicatin te ecsyste appac will elp t eac a balance te tee bjectives te Cnventin n Bilgical Divesity. It ecgnizes tat
uans, wit tei cultual divesity, ae an integal cpnent ecsystes.
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9 | LANDSCAPES AND LIVELIhooDS | LANDSCAPES AND LIVELIhooDS
Mussapula,Central Arican Republic
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
| PArTICIPATorY mEThoDS
VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
PArTICIPATorY mEThoDSPaticipaty tecniues ae widely used by cnsevatin and develpent pactitines
t attept t build tei undestanding cplex cnsevatin and develpent
tade-s and t attept t gain suppt lcal stakeldes extenal pject
inteventins. Visual techniques ave been used in tese paticipaty tecniues
ntably in Paticipaty rual Appaisal (PrA). Tese tecniues ave been used
any yeas t ap existing igts, tenue, wnesip and use natual esuces.
In se landscapes wee LLS as wked, visualizatin techniquesave been used
as a vey siple way t cunicate visins and peceptins pssible utue
landscapes by using iages (dawings, pts, aniatin etc) and als as planning
and niting tls. Te basic ai as been t elp peple t fnd a balance
between Cnsevatin and Develpent.
Visualizatin is als used t cpleent te tls suc as systes delling
instance wit STELLA stwae, te Pvety Tlkit, Capital Assets Indicats, CriSTAL
(Cunity-based risk Sceening Tl Adaptatin and Livelids), Paticipaty
rual Appaisal, etc. Tese tls ae all descibed in a special issue Ab Vitae
publised by IUCN in 008 and available te est Cnsevatin Pgae at
te IUCN website: www.iucn.rg
Visualizatin tecniues can be used t inluence te pcesses tat ae takingplace, as tey elp in undestanding dieent visins and pssible landscapescenais. Visualizatin elps place all paticipants at te sae level indiscussins, plicy dialgues and in te ulatin utue scenais landuse/land tenue aangeents. Visualizatin can als be used anageentplanning, instance in planning ptected aeas, esuces access igts,
develpent pgaes, niting etc. Te pcess visualizatin is alsa way t cnstuct a ind-ap wat is appening in a landscape and undestanding te cnnectins between te envinent and livelids.
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Visual techniques are central t participatry appraches.
Letting aginal and inity gups paticipate n an eual
ting
Discussing wse visin? Wse ealities cunt?
Expling utue ptins
Enabling discussins t take place n tei tes and nt putting
tei inatin int u aewk
Aviding tecnical jagn and tecniues tat lcal peple cannt
undestand
Getting a balance between te pwe expets and tat lcal
stakeldes
mving We plan - yu paticipate t Yu plan - we
acilitate
opening up debate n te ull divesity ptins and inteests
making tade-s explicit
Building undestanding and negtiating angst dieent
stakeldes
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
| INTroDUCTIoN
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Visualizatin: A visual language t use expling landscape scenais and landscape
sties.
Iages ae used t cunicate cncepts and peceptins.
Visual epesentatins and illustatins such as dawing, painting, phtgaphy
the at wk ae used t cunicate the ichness the values a
landscape.
Visualizatin is any tecniue ceating iages, dawings, aniatins t
cunicate a essage idea. Visualizatin is als used t pesent inatin,
scenais peceptins. It as been te basis all aps, scientifc dawings,
illustatins and data plts ve a tusand yeas. Tday tecnlgies allw
peple t use diensinal epesentatin t exple utue scenais and se use
GIS (Gegapic Inatin Systes). Tee ae nueus scientifc publicatins n
dieent visualizatin appaces and any ecent nes cus n using cpute
gapic suppt.
Diagas, aps and paintings/dawings ae all exaples te use visual
language. Visual iagey as been an eective way t cunicate bt abstact and
cncete ideas since te dawn an. Exaples isty include cave paintings,
Egyptian ieglyps, Geek geety and Lenad Da Vincis evlutinay etds
tecnical dawing engineeing and scientifc pupses.
Visualizatin tday as eve-expanding applicatins in science, educatin,engineeing, inteactive ultiedia, edicine, develpent, cnsevatin, etc.
In u use Visualizatinwe ae tying t undestand peples peceptin tei
landscape and tei utue wises and we use siple tecniues suc as dawing
sketces.
VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
WhAT IS VISUALIZATIoN
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Te idea is t ceate visual iages t cunicate an idea a visin t tes.
Just as peple can 'vebalize' tei tinking, tey can als 'visualize' it. Te
iages ae ceated in a gup situatin s tat dieent peple wit dieent
backgunds, etnicity, gende ccupatin, can all wk tgete t study te
cplexity a pble.
Scenari Analysis
Scenai explatin is used t undestand pssible utue tends and elps ake
stategic decisins based n analysis te likely cnseuences dieent cuses actin. Te pcess scenai analysis invlves:
Identiying ces diving cange
Identiying pedeteining acts
Identiying citical uncetainties
Develping scenais and tajecties a sustainable utue
Assessing te iplicatins dieent scenais
Tying t develp a saed visin wat a gup wuld like t ave in te
utue. Tying t fnd cn gund between cnicting inteest gups.
Tying t bette undestand dieent peceptins dieent gups
peple (age, gende, etnic gups, NGos, gvenent, cunities, etc)
Lcality apping is useul in undestanding land tenue and land
degadatin pbles.
Visual tls ae used t elp tse witut vice t cntibute in ulti-
stakelde negtiatins.
Te st iptant step in visualizatin is t allw dieent stakeldes t
wk sepaately and ten ce tgete wit te stakeldes t cpae tei
peeed scenais te utue landscape. Te key tee is negtiating by
cmparing scenaris.
VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
| WhAT IS VISUALIZATIoN
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Tacana landscape,Guatemala
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
| VISUALIZATIoN STEP BY STEP
VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
VISUALIZATIoN STEP BY STEPT stat te visualizatin, it is iptant t undestand tat dieent gups
peple ave dieent visins and gals in ulti-stakelde discussins. Te
acilitat ust be well pepaed and be eady t adapt t dieent cnditins and
situatins in te feld.
1. Prepare white papers r ipcharts and clured pens. Take at least
clus pens: black, blue, ed and geen.
2. Divide the participants int small grups. Each stakehlder grup
has t wrk separately. Depending n te issues yu igt divide peple
by gende, age, etnic gups, ccupatin, etc. In te situatins yu igt
sepaate ut gvenent icials, NGos, lcal cunities, te pivate
sect etc.
3. Encurage peple t talk abut their landscape and suggest drawing
the present cnditin the landscape.Tell peple t iagine tat tey ae
bids ying ve te landscape.
4. Ask pertinent questins(iptant eleents in tei lie and tei envinent,
daily lie activities, any big dives cange in te egin? any callenges?
Wat ae te iptant bidivesity values in te egin? etc.)
5. Sit back and watch cntinue t engage in cnversatin. Ate te fstdawing is fnised, ask the same peple t draw uture landscapes aybe
te st desiable: te best case and te least desiable: te wst case.
6. Discuss and ask questins
7. Put scales and date
8. Indicate nrth-suth n the drawing / map
9. Dnt rget t put legends & names participants
10. Add GPS reerences when pssible
11. Phtgraph the drawing r archiving and ther use in the uture Tips: on the legend, it helps t put the degree imprtance each
element in the drawing. exaple by putting: + imprtant, ++ mre
imprtant, +++ very imprtant. Tis will allw statistical analysis t bette
undestand te elative value eatues te landscape.
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EXAMPLE oF EXERCICES:PRESENT and FUTURE scenaris
Lcal peple wee asked t daw te pesent situatin and tei expectatin te
utue scenai a ual landscape in te Cental Aican republic.
Present landscape in Mssapula Future scenari r Mssapula
Te dawings abve wee ade by a gup BaAka pygies in te Cental Aican
republic in te village mssapula, inside te Sanga Ti-Natinal landscape. Te
fst dawing explains te iptant eleents in tei livelids. Te ad and ive
ae a cental pat tei lie. Te uses and uts ae spead alng te ad. Tees and
pducts tat tey gate in te ests ae pat tei daily lie. Te utue dawing
sws tat tey wuld like t see e wildlie and e est pducts tat teyculd cllect subsistence. A scl is iptant tei cilden t ave a bette
livelid. We can see seveal cilden and new scls and ancy new buildings.
Tansptatin is als an iptant eleent tat links te t te den wld. Tis
dawing sws tat te BaAka pygies wuld like t ave a gd educatin tei
cilden and access t te den wld. Se lcal NGos in te Sanga Ti-Natinal
landscape nw wk tgete wit te pygy gups t elp te t acieve te
scenais tat tey pesented in tei dawings.
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
| VISUALIZATIoN STEP BY STEP
Tese tw dawings sw best case and wst case scenais te Kibia Natinal
Pak and its suunding aea in Buundi, clse t te bde wit rwanda. Te
fcials believe tat i a estatin pgae uns well and i cntu edges ae
built in te ills and peple pactice gd anageent, ten te Kibia Natinal
Pak wuld be vey geen and te cunities living aund te pak wuld beneft
diectly te Pak. In te wst scenai wee bad anageent wit bad
gvenance pevails, te Natinal Pak wuld sue a lt esin, est fes, alt peple wuld die stavatin as tei cps wuld ail. ote dawings wee
ade by lcal NGo gups and lcal cunities suunding villages. Te
discussins between tese stakeldes based n te dawings wee ten used t
plan activities suppted by IUCN in te egin Kayanza.
BEST case scenarioandWoRST case scenariDawings ade by a gup gvenent fcials in Buundi abut te utue Kibia
Natinal Pak and its suunding aea.
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TIPS d nt rget
reebe w yu audience ae
Listen, lean and bseve
Let dieent gups wk in paallel (en-wen; ld-yung; dieent villages;
dieent etnic gups; gvenent fcials-pivate sect etc.)
Let peple expess teselves eely
Advise peple w t ceate icns dieent eleent in te landscape
Advise n te use dieent clus eac icn (blue wate, ed
ad, geen tees, etc.)
Pvide advice n scale
Pvide a inial base ap wen needed as a aewk
Discussins ae ten e valuable tan te dawings teselves
Dieent gups suld develp dieent dawings
Cpae landscape visins and scenais
Acive and digitise te aps
Mistakes t avid:
Dnt g t uickly:
Dnt be t igid
Dnt ake assuptins
Be awae cultual dieences
Dnt bing pe-cked slutins Dnt ty t dinate
Dnt be t tecnical
Undestand tat peple ave te piities eals, cilden, cps,
anials etc.
make sue tat extvets dnt dinate te intvets
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
5 | ANImATED DrAWINGS AND SmArT-mAPPING
Cendrawasih Bay,West Papua, Indnesia
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Ate te visualizatin execise is fnised, it is iptant eac stakelde gup t
pesent tei visin t tes and tis next step beces a vey iptant stage in te
discussin and negtiatin utue landscape scenais.
Animated Drawings
Te dawings can be used diectly aniatins can be develped t sw te dieent
scenais tat ae pssible in te egin. T develp aniatins, it is necessay tscan ptgap te dawings te pesent situatin, uplad te int a cpute
using dawing ptgapic stwae suc as Adbe Ptsp. retuc t clean
te iage in te cpute using apppiate cpute stwae, cpy and paste
dieent eleents in te dawing t enable te iage t be canged uickly t sw
dieent scenais te sae landscape. It is useul t ceate seveal altenative
dawings t sw dieent utue scenais.
Present landscape
VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
ANImATED DrAWINGS AND SmArT-mAPPING5
Animated Drawings t Shw Dierent Scenaris
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Future scenari 1
Future scenari 3
Future scenari 2
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Hw t d the animated drawing
. Take a dawing
. Scan and etuc t clean te dawing using Adbe Ptsp
. Select an icn ten cpy and paste in te initial dawings
Cpy and
Paste te as any ties as desied
. Ceate an altenative utue scenai
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5 | ANImATED DrAWINGS AND SmArT-mAPPING
5. T ave seveal utue scenais, epeat step wit ante icn, and ceate
dieent utue landscapes by cutting and pasting a ange icns. Allw
dieent stakeldes t ppse te nube and lcatin te icns.
Cpy and paste
And ceate a dieent ptential scenai:
6. Put te dieent dawings in pwepint, and te seies dawings bece a
seies aniated utue scenais. Tis can be used t stiulate a discussin
and initiate a negtiatin pcess angst stakeldes.
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5
Smart-mapping
Sat-apping is a etd tat was develped expling scenais using dawings
ceated in te cpute. Te idea is t ceate a libay sybls and icns using
dieent dawing and painting stwae (Adbe Illustat, Ptsp, Cal Daw,
Paint etc.). Tis etd can be used t ceate a vaiety landscape scenais in a
sligtly e spisticated way. Gvenent fcials, pivate sect epesentatives
and te stakeldes ten pay e attentin t tese attactive iages ate
tan t and-ade dawings wic tey cnside t be cildis. Sat-apping
can be used as a tl t exple landscape scenais wit plicy akes and t elpundestand te iptant dives cange in a landscape. A bigge audience can
attend te planning pcess and te dieent scenais te landscape can be
pjected nt a sceen. Divese stakeldes can cntibute tei views n desiable
and undesiable scenais.
Sat-apping is an iptant tl negtiatin and discussin but is als a
valuable cunicatin tl.
Things t remember when ding the smart-mapping:
a. Cmmunicating scenaris with Smart Mapping dieent utue
scenais can be pjected a cpute and peple can be encuaged t
discuss tei eits
b. Use icns a wide ange eleents te landscape can be dawn
as icns and cut and pasted nt te scenai in espnse t suggestins
te audience
c. Negtiating peple can negtiate te distibutin, nube and type icnand tus te cpsitin te utue landscape
d. Cmprmise i peple d nt agee ten te acilitat can encuage te
t eac a cpise
e. Visual recrd decisins te scenais can be ptgaped, acived
and used at utue eetings stakeldes t eind te tei ealie
discussins and decisins
. Basis r mnitring te sat aps can be used t tack canges in te
landscape, bt te wse te bette, peple can discuss te pgessbeing ade te lack tee.
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
5 | ANImATED DrAWINGS AND SmArT-mAPPING
The imprtance symbls r icns
making sybls wit te stakeldes is an iptant step t ake peple eel
wnesip te paticipaty pcess. In se cases sybls can be dawn
in advance, but e ten its gd t decide wit te cunities te
stakeldes wat will be used as sybls icns. Tis is especially iptant i
te dawings ae t be used as a basis utue evaluatin niting.
Hw t d the smart-mapping?
. Take se dawings a landscape ade by dieent gups peple (pesent and
utue landscapes by ens and wens gups). Take te and-dawn iages,
scan te and uplad te int a cpute. Save te in a secue acive.
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. make a list all te eleents in te dawings
huse, hut, hspital, church, rad, river, car, bike, man, child, dg,
bird, fsh, chicken, elephant, prcupine, rest, ruit trees, medicinal
plants, banana tree, cassava, hibiscus, NTFP, mushrm, cking
tls, stve, mrtar, etc.
. make an icn eac eleent in te dawings. Use dawing stwae (Adbe
Ptsp, Adbe Illustat, Paint, Cal Daw etc). Use te tutials te
stwae t lean w t ceate an icn.
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
5 | ANImATED DrAWINGS AND SmArT-mAPPING
. Ceate a vesin te dawing in te cpute using te icns tat ave been pepaed
bee. Cpy and paste te icns nt te dawing. Tis is wat is called sat-apping.
5. Cpy and paste te icns t ake altenative utue landscapes.
A drawing in Eastern Sudan and the smart-mapping versin the same drawing
Present Future 1
Future 3Future 2
Seveal dawings can be used llwing ne ate te te t sw te canges
and t exple dieent scenais.
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An example SMART-MAPPING with Men and Wmen explringpresent and desired uture scenaris
Present landscape
Wmens visin the uture
Mens visin the uture
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
5 | ANImATED DrAWINGS AND SmArT-mAPPING
Tis exaple sat-apping sws te dieent visins tat wen and en ave
te sae landscape. Te wen wuld like t ave a ad tat wuld link tei angtees t akets as tey usually dy te anges and als ake ang ja. Tese
angs cntibute t te wens ince. Tey wuld als like t see a scl gils
and wen centes leaning w t ake andicats and t sell te. Te ens
gup wuld like t ave electicity supplies. Tey wuld als like t see e tees in
tei plantatins and a spts cente. Ate tis execise, te cunities eaced a
cpise n an actin plan t ealize a desie utue. Te plan was ipleented by
te villages wit se elp te lcal gvenent and intenatinal ganizatins.
6. make seveal utue scenais and encuage peple t discuss te ptins. Ten
negtiate wit te dieent stakeldes t deteine tei peeed scenai.
Peple can uickly lean t cut and paste te icns and ake tei wn sat
aps tis will ten tivate te t eally eel wnesip te pcess.
ANIMATED SMARTMAPPING To NEGoTIATE LANDSCAPE SCENARIoS IN GHANA
Present landscape Future scenari 1: cla prductin
Future scenari 3: mixed agricultureFuture scenari 2: Hitech technlgy caca
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Hw t make an icn?
T ake an icn, tee ae dieent stwae ptins, exaple: ptsp,
illustat, paint, cal daw etc.
. open a blank page
. Click n paintbus pencil t begin dawing te icn
. Cse te clu by clicking n clu palette
. Begin t daw
5. T fll in a clu in te utline aleady ade, click n paint bucket ten
click inside te dawing
6. I yu need t cpy te icn, cse te necessay icn wit a lass
a selectin suae and click n cpy (ctl C)
7. Ten paste (ctl V) te icn anywee yu want it. Yu can duplicate te icn
as any ties as yu want
8. T ve te icns, select te using te lass selectin suae,
and ten use te cus t dag te
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
6 | GETTING ThE STorY rIGhT
Pestenga,Burkina Fas
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
GETTING ThE STorY rIGhT6
Wen ding visualizatin execises in a landscape, it is iptant t undestand all
te issues and tends in te egin. Visualizatin usually accpanies te activities.
Tee ae dieent ways getting stated in a landscape and leaning its peple.
hee ae se te siplest and best ways getting cnnected wen aiving in a
new lcatin.
a. Data eview ead as uc as pssible abut te place and te peple bee
ging t te feld (bks, eviews, junal aticles, epts, aps, etc).
b. Appeciative Inuiy eet lcal peple and listen and sw appeciatin
tei ideas and knwledge.
c. histical tends get peple t utline wat as appened in te past and w
te pesent situatin as ce abut.
d. ric pictues encuage peple t pepae siple dawings tat allw te t
epesent all tei knwledge values and pints inteest in te landscape.
e. Dtcacy let peple use sticky dts t vte dieent issues, slutins,
scenais etc.
. Wst case and best case scenais peple can daw tei wst case best
case scenai tey can wite dwn n cads tei geatest eas and pes.
g. Teats and pptunities - Getting peple t list tei ideas n te stengts,
weaknesses, pptunities and teats in a landscape ten pens up debate n
iptant issues.
Appreciative Inquiry
Appreciative inquiry values te lcal envinent andecgnizes the best in
peple the wld aund us; afing past and pesent stengths, successes, and
ptentials; t peceive thse things that give lie (health, vitality, excellence) t living
systes. Discveing and being pen t ptentials and pssibilities...
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
6 | GETTING ThE STorY rIGhT
The main things t cnsider when using appreciative inquiry are:a. Listen, lean, and sae be patient and bseveb. Give psitive eedbackc. Scieties can lean scial leaning ces scial inteactins and
expeiencesd. reebe tat tey always knw mre tan us
Histrical Trends- Undestanding canges tat appened in te past usingtielines and tend analysis.
Ty t undestand te isty and backgund t a situatin a landscape.
Exple w cange as ccued in te past, wy tings ae te way tey ae
and wy dieent gups individuals ld tei views. Lay ut a lng seet
pape and ask peple t list iptant tings tat ave appened and tat ave
inuenced tei lives and landscapes.
Wat events peple eebe in tei lives, suc as: dugts, est fes,
tsunais, vlcanic euptins, plitical cange, alaia dengue utbeaks,
cuency devaluatins, innvatins, etc.
Wen dates ae nt eebeed, fnd dates tat ae knwn by utsides (suc
as wen a bidge was built, wen tee was a big fe, a vlcanic euptin)
and get peple t elate tei al isty t tse events. Tis will give an
appxiate tie line.
Develp te tends in agicultue, esty, inastuctue, ealt and educatin,
undestand te pattens tat ave ccued bee, ten use tis t lead int a
discussin utue scenais.
Year Events1963 Euptin vlcan
Aival issinayScl stated in te village
1980 est feVey dy seasn (el Ni)
1998 Plitical cangeCuency devaluatin
2000 mining cpany aived in te eginLcal cunities get jbs at te lgging cpany
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
6 | GETTING ThE STorY rIGhT
Rich Pictures
Rich Pictures pvide a way leaning abut cplex unclea pbles by dawing
detailed and ic epesentatins te. ric pictues usually cnsist sybls,
sketces scibbles and dawings. Tey can include as uc pictial inatin as
necessay. Te eal value tis tecniue is te way it encuages peple t tink
deeply abut te pble and undestand it well enug t expess it pictially
Mind-maps ae diagas used t epesent wds, ideas, tasks, te ites
linked t and aanged aund a cental key wd idea. mind aps ae used tgeneate, visualize, stuctue, and classiy ideas, and as an aid t studying and
ganizing inatin, slving pbles, aking decisins, etc. Tee ae seveal
stwae packages available t suppt te pepaatin ind aps (Nva mind,
mind manage, etc.).
Key actin:
make pictial epesentatins wat is cnsideed t be iptant t a paticula situatinCics can be a gd way cunicating essagesTy t see inteactins and cnnectins between dieent stakeldesTy t get a bad saed undestanding a situatinUse tansect aps ask peple t daw wat tey see n a walk tug te landscape
Drawings deliver messages easily and pwerully
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Dtmcracy
Dtcacy can be used t let peple vte an idea, piity activity, peeed
scenai t sw te elative iptance eleents in tei livelids
landscapes. Clued dt stickes can be pucased in statinay sps and can be
given t peple attending eetings and used t vte. Paticipants get a fxed nube
sticky dts and siply stick te nt tei peeed cice. Dieent clus can
be used t distinguis between gups acts (en and wen, yung and ld, lcal
peple and utsides, etc).
Example using dt stickers
In tis exaple, geen stickes wee given t lcal cunities and yellw stickes t
utsides wking in te egin. Eac pesn gt 5 stickes, and tey ad t ank ites
signifcance in te landscape listed n a wite bad. Eac pesn culd put
t 5 stickes n tei peeed cice.
Best case & wrst case scenaris
Best case and wst case scenais ae used t ake peple ealize w iptant
it is t tink abut pssible ipacts i tings g wng in tei landscape. Seties
peple dnt ealize tat tee ae tade-s wen tey ake decisins. In additin te
best case ne pesn culd be te wst case ante. Tese scenai execises
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
6 | GETTING ThE STorY rIGhT
can be vey useul in getting peple t tink abut te lng te cnseuences tei
actins. once te scenais ave been dawn tey ten stiulate a ic discussin
wat st utue is best.
In te dawings ee se peple see a bidge as a psitive evlutin tat
links bt sides te lake; ante gup tinks tat it wuld ave a negative
ipact n te natual envinent. In te best case scenai, a acty is seenas gd eplyent wile ante gup sees it as a teat as it wuld
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attact igants t te egin, wic wuld lead t ve-ppulatin and cause
degadatin te envinent.
SWoT (Strengths, Weaknesses, opprtunities, and Threats)
Stengts, weaknesses, pptunities and teats can be listed n cads and
pinned nt a bad i eac paticipant des tis sepaately ten tey can all be
invited t ce up and explain t te tes wat tei pes and cncens ae.
Dtcacy can als be used ee t ank te dieent stengts, weaknesses,
pptunities teats.
Te tw dawings belw sw w peple see te pesent situatin and a pssible
utue in te Viunga Natinal Pak and its suundings in te Decatic republic
Cng. Tis activity was used t assess stengts, weaknesses, pptunities
and teats inteventins aund te natinal pak. Te pcess elped in
building cnsensus angst lcal NGos and intenatinal dn agencies t bette
undestand pssible activities t be caied ut t ipve peples livelids and
ptect te envinent duing ties civil cnict.
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
7 | USING DATA & INformATIoN for CommUNICATIoN & moNITorING
Um Zibil Frest,Hawata landscape, Eastern Sudan
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USING DATA & INformATIoN forCommUNICATIoN & moNITorING 7
Using te data and inatin is te tickiest pat. Lts peple take ptgaps,
pduce dawings, cnduct useld suveys etc but wen te peple need te
inatin at a late date it ten pves vey difcult t fnd it. I yu ae ging t
invest a lt peples tie and ney in ding suveys, cllecting data etc, it is
essential t ave a gd plan w tat inatin will be sted s tat it eains
available in te utue.
mst data can be inscibed n a CD rom and cpies let wit key lcal ganizatins
tis ay be te best way sting inatin. Publising te esults studies
in establised junals als ensues tat it will be available in te utue and als
akes sue tat it is cecked by pee eviewes w will veiy tat te data as
been cllected ppely.
Ante way encuaging public use visualizatin execises is t put data
dawings nline n te website a cncened lcal ganizatin use a blg.
Publising in ppula agazines and excanges wit ailing gups ae als a geat
way leaning and saing expeiences tes.
Participatry Mnitring using drawings, rich pictures, smartmaps, phtgraphy, etc.
Tee ae a lt dieent etds t ecd and cunicate te divesity values
in peples landscapes and livelids. Keeping a visual baseline niting cange
can be a vey useul appac te iages can ten be used in successive eetingst discuss w te canges tat wee pedicted ae actually appening n te gund.
Te iages can be ceated in any ways nt just by dawing any develpent
pactitines use ptgapy and vides wking wit lcal cunities.
I dawings ae ppely acived it is pssible t ce back t te sae landscape
ate seveal yeas and evaluate w te situatin as canged; t see i it is canging
psitively, and te peple ave bette livelids i te cange is nt ging in te
igt diectin. In te latte case te dives cange can be discussed and peple
elped t undestand te easn tat te landscape is deteiating.
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
7 | USING DATA & INformATIoN for CommUNICATIoN & moNITorING
Step by step apprach t mnitring changes with lcal cmmunities:
. Pint te dawings in at A bigge.
. Lainate te
. G t te village wee te dawings wee ade
. Take clued pens
5. Ask peple t ak te canges n te lainated dawings
6. Take pts eac tie and d te execise wit dieent gups peple
7. Tis will pvide a gd basis niting and evaluatin, and enable epeat
visits evey yea t cntinue tacking canges
8. Ate a ew yeas, tee will be a seies dawings swing w te situatin
as canged
Mnitring changes using images
Dawings ade by dieent stakeldes can be used paticipaty niting
canges. Tis can be epeated using te suppts suc as ptgapy, aps, vide,
sat-apping etc. Te idea using baseline data in utue yeas is t be able t
cpae eality wit planned canges. Visual suppts will epasize te canges.
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Te exaple n te pevius page ces Libeia. Te plan is t etun evey yea
wit a lainated vesin an initial dawing in A a lage at. Cunities
will be asked wat canges tey see in te landscape and will be enabled t keep
tack any canges tat ccu. I tee ae te new ideas cange, te cunity
culd add te wit clued pens n te lainated dawings. Ten te new vesin
can be ptgaped t add t te acives.
Te fst dawing is ade by te cunity t epesent te pesent. By using te
sae lainated dawing in te llwing yea, te cunity will be able t sw
w a bae aea ad been planted wit tees. Tis secnd dawing sws te canges
in te landscape wit planted tees and new using.
Se te exaples paticipaty niting llw:
Present landscape
Desired utures shwn by wmens and mens grups
Hawata landscape, Eastern Sudan
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7 | USING DATA & INformATIoN for CommUNICATIoN & moNITorING
Te exaples sat-apping Easten Sudan n te pevius page wee used
t explain te dieent peeences en and wen te utue. In a ew yeas
tie, it wuld be useul t ce back t te sae egin villages t see wete
te desied utue as eally ateialised. Ate a ew yeas it suld be inteesting t
ce back and sw te dawing te scenai t te cunities and ask te t
eect upn te canges tat ave ccued. A new dawing culd be ade t cpae
te cuent situatin, te desied utue and te actual cange tat appened.
Capital assets ramewrk
Wen niting using dawings, iptant eleents in livelids and in te
landscapes ae identifed and can be given sces t 5 eac yea. Te easiest
way is t egup dieent eleents int seveal categies, exaple: natual
assets, uan assets, scial assets, ecnic assets, gvenance assets, etc. Tese
eleents will cange ne place t ante and a lt will depend n te exact
bjective evaluatin niting.
In te exaple n te next page, te eleents identifed by te cunities ae
guped in te capital assets aewk (uan capital, scial capital, natual capital,
built capital, fnancial capital etc). Te etd is useul in easuing, niting and
cunicating te natue te canges in a landscape ve tie. WW as used
an appac called LoAm (Landscape outce Assessent metdlgy) (Aldic,
007). LoAm uses te Capital Assets/Sustainable rual Livelids aewk
Caney (998) and la & la (008). Tis is based aund 5 assets natual,
uan, pysical ( built), scial, and fnancial ( ecnic). Tese assets ae
identifed tug a paticipaty pcess wic allws te identifcatin a sall
epesentative set lcally apppiate indicats guped unde eac te 5
assets. Tis scing syste can ten be kept as a baseline niting canges
ve te yeas. Te ada diaga n te next page sws 5 dieent villages alng
te malinau ive in East Kaliantan and te dieent eleents tat wee iptant
in te landscape and te links t peples livelids.
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5
Tese values wee linked t te dawings tat ad been ade peviusly wit te
cunities and wee anked accding t wete tey wee: + iptant, ++ e
iptant, +++ vey iptant etc.
Indicatins what peple already have and hw happy theyare with their present situatin
Te easiest way t nit wat as canged in peples livelids is t ake a list valuable tings and iptant eleents in tei lives. Te capital assets aewk
can ten be used visual niting wit te paticipatin lcal cunities.
hee ae se exaples:
Use clued dt stickes clued pens t distinguis gups (NGos,
cunities, gvenent agencies, pivate cpanies etc) and use pckets
te t place tei vtes. Yu can use siple clt seets wit pckets n te
int wic te peple can put tei vtes tis allws peple t expess tei
pinin witut being subject t pessue te peple pesent it allws cnfdentiality.
PUNANs assessment capital assets in 4 villages & 1 Kenyah village in MALINAU DISTRICT
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7 | USING DATA & INformATIoN for CommUNICATIoN & moNITorING
Use dawings t evaluate bidivesity and livelids.
Vte by putting yu tken int te apppiate pcket.
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Cunt te nube bas wen eac ebe te cunity as ade a list
dieent tings value t te. As exaple: A = aily Alpa, B = aily
Bav, C = aily Calie etc.
Develp a thery change r the landscape
A Tey cange is used t undestand dives cange in a landscape s actins
can be identifed t iniize negative canges and acieve psitive canges.
Ty t undestand te cntibuting causes easns a paticula pble
issue, t identiy eects ipacts a paticula cange.
Ty t illustate and analyze te cnseuences (psitive and negative) paticulaissues actins using dawings and diagas
Ty t undestand te extenal acts tat culd inuence ipact psitively
negatively n acieving te desied scenai.
Tis tey cange is ten used t elp design te actins tat ae needed t
aive at te desied utue cnditin scenai.
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
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It is iptant t undestand te iptance seasns te yea and tei inuence
n peples activities and n wee and w tey wk.
Mnth Activities Inrmatin
June Planting seedlings rainy seasn
octbe havesting sgu, illet and ibiscus
I there is Water
Nvebe Wking te gaden and planting tetees
mac havesting te gaden
Apil & may Sewing and aking cltes using cttn
I all ging well Selling in Be aket. Ince willincease
ute inatin n tey cange, yu culd lk n te website:
Act knwledge and te Aspen Institute Tey cange:
ttp://www.teycange.g/
d undatin mapping Cange Using a Tey Cange t Guide, Planning
and Evaluatin:
www.gantcat.g/index.c?useactin=Page.viewPage&pageID=808
Actin Planning
Te undestanding tat is geneated by all tese visual tecniues can be used
t elp peple t develp tei wn actin plan t bing abut cange. Te visual
iages can elp t identiy pbles, specifc tasks, esuces, activities, tietables
and espnsibilities euied t acieve a paticula gal bjective. Se exaples
llw n next page.
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Prblems Slutins Activities Resurces Wh & When
Inundatinin gaden
oganizedainage
make dain Villagebudget
All en Sept.
Needfewd
Need tees Plant teesclse tuses
Lggingcpany
All cunity oct.
N buye NTP
Needdistibutinsyste
Ceate acpeative
Cunityebes
All cunity oct.
opprtunities we have in urlandscape
1.
2. etc.
Prblems we ace in ur landscape
1.
2. etc.
What are sme the slutins we have (r might have)
.
.
. etc.
Wh are sme the main stakehlders in ur landscape
a).
b).
c). etc.
Exaples actin plan:
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5
Tips r interviews:
Lk ideas tat ake peple inteested in jining te wking gup
Be nice t peple and sile
Dnt lk stessed - elax
Dnt be t igid and dnt tick bxes fll in s
Talk slwly
Get as uc inatin as pssible wile talking wit peple in an
inal anne
Use te 5W and h uestins: wat, wy, w, wee, wen and w
Dnt give te te answe t yu uestins
Dnt ake assuptins
Bing se sall gits t stat cnnecting wit peple (dink tea
cee wit te, ave a biscuit, candies kids, etc)
Explain clealy wy yu ae tee
Listen t tei cncens and dnt ce wit slutins
Accept and ebace es and sae expeiences
Dnt dinate te pcess
D nt inteupt inteee (give tie peple t tink and discuss)
Ty t btain pinins all gups paticipants
Be sensitive t cultual dieences
Knw te speed t advance dnt us
reebe tat peple ave te piities cilden, agicultual
cps t take cae , tey ave wk t d, etc.
meet peple wen it suits te
VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
9 | USING DATE AND INformATIoN
Wen acilitating eeting wksp, yu suld always bing wit yu sebasic ateials.
lip cats / lage size papes
Clued Pens
Clued Cads
Clued sticky Dts
Wite Blue tak
Tape / sticky tape
Pst-it
Beae and spae bulb
Adapt
Pwe cables
Scisss
Caea / vide caea
Sting
Tape
GPS
Sall gits kids and paticipants te wkspThings that are useul r any participatry exercise and especially rlandscape scenaris visualizatin exercises:
Clued pens Papes /ipcats Clued papes/cads
Adesive tape Wite blue tack Clued dt stickes
Pst-it Scisss Puspins
VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
fACILITATIoN KIT9
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ChECK LIST
Use te euipent ceck list
Aive at least us ealy
Ice beake use analytical gae and und table intductins: g aund tetable and get eac succeeding pesn t intduce by nae all te pecedingpesns s yu stat wit I a Intu, tis is y iend Je etc.
Set agenda guidance but eain exible pst te agenda n a ip cat
Establis a pcess gup t eet peidically t pvide eedback t teacilitat n pgess
have sta suppt lgistics, fnance, tickets etc
Allcate tasks give peple a le let te cai and ept
Be clea n veall bjectives but exible n w t get t te
miniize tie in lage plenay discussins divide int gups
Allw table discussins 5 inutes t pen up issues
Keep beak-ut gups sall and cange te cpsitin eac tie
Altenate between gups siila stakeldes and gups wit divesestakeldes
Use SWoT (Stengts, Weaknesses, opptunities, and Teats) t getdiscussins stated exaple: ed cads teats and geen pptunities
Cluste cads and use dtcacy
Use tese execises t get peple ving aund
Use istical tends execises
Use Ggle Eat peeably nline
Keep and ptgap all ip cats etc
Use afative actin t ensue ull paticipatin inity gups, wen,cilden etc
make sue tat eveyne is invlved and engaged encuage te sy nes
Welce disageeent and divesity views
At eac beak cee, tea, lunc etc ecap and tell te wat willappen next
oganize scial events bnding and un walks, excusins, cultualactivities, and lcal eals.
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Useul website r participatry methds:
ttp://www.plantes.g/index.tl a seies tecniues paticipaty
leaning and actin IIED
ttp://www.iad.g/evaluatin/guide/index.t niting and evaluatin
guidelines IAD
ttp://www.iucn.g/abut/wk/pgaes/est/p_esuces/p_
esuces_publicatins/p_esuces_specials/?5/abvitae-special-issue-
Leaning--Landscapes aticles n leaning landscapes IUCN
ttp://www.p.in/p/nde/ pvety-ests linkages tlkit
Proor
ttp://www.ppgis.net/pgis.t paticipaty GIS netwk and paticipaty
apping PPGIS
ttp://www.iapad.g Integated Appaces t Paticipaty Develpent
ttp://insigtsae.g/ paticipaty vide Insigt Sae
ttp://www.iisd.g/cistaltl/ cunity-based tl n cliate cange
adaptatin and isk eductin IISD
ttp://data.wldbank.g/ data n te wld at glance Wld Bank
ttp://www.a.g/dcep/WE/we09.t rapid rual Appaisal(Ao)
ttp://www.eldis.g/anuals/paticipatin.t dieent anuals and tlkits
pactitines
Inrmatin available n the internet:
Inatin n Appeciative Inuiy can be und n UrL: ttp://appeciativeinuiy.
case.edu/int/defnitin.c
Insigts int paticipaty vide: A andbk te feld (Nick and Cis Lunc,
Insigt), nline UrL : ttp://insigtsae.g/esuces/pv-andbk
Paticipaty mapping and Cunicatin : A guide t develping a paticipaty
cunicatin stategy t suppt paticipaty apping (IAD), nline UrL:
ttp://www.iad.g/pub/ap/p_iii.pd
managing Ipact in rual Develpent : A Guide Pject m&E (IAD),nline
UrL: www.iad.g/evaluatin/guide/index.t
VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
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Paticipaty rual Cunicatin Appaisal: A andbk (Ao), nline UrL:
ttp://www.a.g/dcep/008/y579e/y579e00.t Abvitae special n Leaning Landscapes, nline UrL : ttp://csdata.iucn.
g/dwnlads/a_avspecial_leaning__landscapes.pd
Cunity based adaptatin t Cliate Cange, UrL: ttp://pubs.iied.g/pds/
57IIED.pd
Decentalisatin and cunity-based planning, UrL: ttp://pubs.iied.g/pds/
9IIED.pd
Epweed paticipatin - sties and eectins, UrL: ttp://pubs.iied.g/pds/
56IIED.pd mapping cange: pactice, tecnlgies and cunicatin, nline UrL:
ttp://pubs.iied.g/pds/507IIED.pd
Paper and bks:
Aldic, m., Saye, J. 007. In Pactice: Landscape outces Assessent
metdlgy LoAm. WW Intenatinal, Gland, Switzeland.
Bell, S., mse, S. 00. ric Pictues: a means t Exple te Sustainable mind?
In Sustainable DevelpentDoI: I0.I00/sd.97.
Caney, D. 998. Sustainable ual livelihds: what cntibutin can we ake?
Depatent Intenatinal Develpent, Lndn.
Cabe, rbet. 99. Te igins and pactice paticipaty ual appaisal.
Wld Develpent.
Cabes, rbet. 997. Whse eality cunts? Putting the fst last, Pactical
Actin Publishing, UK.
Cabes, rbet. 00. Paticipaty wkshps. A sucebk sets
ideas and activities. Eatscan, UK. Cabes, rbet. 005. Ideas Develpent. Eatscan, Lndn, UK.
Cabes, rbet. 008. revlutins in Develpent Inquiy. Eatscan, UK.
Cpeide, D.L. & Witney, D. 999. Appeciative Inuiy: A psitive evlutin
in cange. In P. hlan & T. Devane (Eds.). Te Cange handbk, Beett-
Kele Publises, Inc.
Cpeide, D.L. et. al. (Eds). 00. Lessns te ield: Applying Appeciative
Inuiy, Tin Bk Publising.
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VISUALIZING SUSTAINABLE LANDSCAPES
| USEfUL WEBSITE AND rEADINGS
Cpeide, D. L. et al. 00. Appeciative Inuiy handbk: Te ist in a Seies
AI Wkbks Leades Cange, Lakese Cunicatins.
Cpeide, David L, et. al. 000. Appeciative Inuiy: retinking huan
oganizatin Twad a Psitive Tey Cange, Stipes Publising.
la, C. B., la, J. L. 008. rual Cunities: Legacy and Cange. Westview
Pess (d editin).
Jacksn, W., Ingles, A. 998. Paticipaty tecniues cunity esty: A
feld manual. Wld Cnsevatin Unin, Gland.
mcSane, T.o., Paul D. hisc, Tan Ci Tung, Alexande N. Sngwa, Ann
Kinzig, Bun mnteei, David mutekanga, hang Van Tang, Juan Luis
Daet, manuel Pulga-Vidal, meedit Welc-Devine, J. Pete Bsius, Pete
Cpplill, Seila oCnn. 00. had cices: making tade-s between
bidivesity cnsevatin and uan well-being. In Bil. Cnsev., di:0.06/
j.bicn.00.0.08.
Saye, J.A. and B. Capbell, 005. Te Science Sustainable Develpent:
Lcal livelids and te glbal envinent. Cabidge Univesity Pess.
Seil, D., rajinda K. Pui, Ia Basuki, miia van heist, meilinda Wan, Nining Liswanti
rukiyati, musta Agung Sadjn, Isayadi Sasedin, Kade Sidiyasa, Cisandini,Edi Peana, Eddy mangp Angi, anz Gatzweile, Bk Jnsn, Akad
Wijaya. 00. Expling bilgical divesity, envinent and lcal peples
pespectives in est landscape etds a ultidisciplinay landscape
assessent (mLA), CIor, Bg. online UrL: ttp://www.ci.cgia.g/la/
dwnlad/publicatin/expling_bi.pd
Slett, B. I. 009. We Dew Wat We Iagined Paticipaty mapping,
Peance, and te Ats Landscape making. Cuent AnthplgyVlue
50, Nube . Seped, G. et al. 008. Proor Pvety-est Linkages Tlkit. ield
manual: Tl , Tieline and Tends, Tanzania exaple.
Wd, Denis. 00. rethinking the pwe aps. Guild Pess, NY.
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