Visualization of Massive Volumetric Data Sets

Bradley WalletRobert WentlandJawad Mokhtar

brad@chroma-corp.comhttp://www.chromaenergy.com/

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Acknowledgements

• Chroma for allowing me to come• Chroma Energy for allowing me to speak• PGS for allowing me to show their data

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Outline

• Background (Goals and Data)• Why Visualize?• Hardware• Software

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Goals

• Find economic hydrocarbon reservoirs– Reduce the number of dry holes– Locate leads that would otherwise be missed

• Extract information necessary to exploit reservoirs

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Data

• Large 3-D volumetric data set• Pre-stack data (Amplitude vs. Offset)• Reflection Coefficient data• Acoustic Impedance data• Derived (feature) data• 4-D Seismic data

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Data

• Data cubes consists of 100 million to 500+ million observations– Typically part of larger data set– Desire to work in 32 bits per voxel

• Typically four or more derived data cubes– Some really should be 32 bits per voxel– Often need three or more in memory at a time

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Data

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Data

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Data

More

1 Sec

5 Km

Gulf of Mexico3D Seismic

WaitDone

Channel Sequence of

Interest

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Data

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Access the pattern level of the ChromaCubeTM pattern database.

MoreDone

Data

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Why Visualize

• Technical feasibility– “Oil is found in the minds of men”

• Conservative culture• Economics

– Shallow onshore well costs $100k– Deep onshore well costs $1m– On shelf well costs $10m– Deep water well costs $100m

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Hardware

• Long term storage– Generally available in sufficient quantity– Slow but typically acceptable

• Intersite transfer of data• Main memory

– Limited to 2GB in 32 bit systems– Limited to 8GB in practice– Contiguous memory issues

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Hardware

• Graphics cards– Not designed for volumetric applications– View must be calculated in software

• Volumetric cards– Limited in the past to 256MB– Limited to greyscale– New ones hold up to 8GB– Support RGBA

• Exotic (transputer) solutions– Expensive hardware– Expensive software

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Software

• Custom software– Cpat

• Batch operations• Calculates derived data

– ChromaVision• Visualization• Interactive colormap adjustments• Extraction, annotation, editing, etc.

• Commercial off the shelf (COTS) software– Data preprocessing– Standard operations

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Software

Workflow

Current Workflow

Data Acquisition

Data Processing

Migrated Image

Visualization Interpretation

Reservoir Simulation

DrillingWell Plan

Pattern Enabled Workflow

PatternEnabled

VisualizationInterpretation

Seismic Data

Pattern Database

Stacked Angle Stacks

CMP (for AVO)Multi-component

4D (time varying stacks)

PatternAnalysis

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Software

• Color maps– RGBA– HSVA– Alpha channel– Interactive exploration– Grand tour