visual dictionary
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
BEN CANTRELLBCSI 2300
Visual Dictionary
![Page 2: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Air BarrierA polyolefin sheet material marketed as “home” or “housewrap”. This material is applied to the outside of the wall sheathing to act as an air and weather barrier. It does not allow the passage of air or liquid but permits the passage of water vapor.
![Page 3: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Attic Ventilation
1. 1. Gable Vent—needed to exhaust excess heat and humidity from the attic.
2. 2. Ridge Vent—needed to allow air to circulate in and out of a gabled roof at the ridge helping to prevent the likelihood of condensation within the roof.
3. 3.Soffit Vent—allows air to flow into the attic or the space below the roof sheathing but keeps out insects.
4. 4. Roof Turbine—acts as a fan to pull heat out of the attic.
1.
2.
3.
4.
![Page 4: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Backhoe
A backhoe is a piece of heavy machinery that has a primary purpose of moving earth with its boomed arm and bucket.
Bucket Width= 2 ½ feet
![Page 5: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Batter Boards
-A temporary frame built just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks that lie on the surface planes of the basement that will be build in the excavation. They establish the position, shape, and size of the building on the site.
![Page 6: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Elliptical Arch #1 Tudor Arch #2
Brick Arches
![Page 7: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Arch with Keystone
Centering–a temporary framework for supporting a masonry arch during construction until it is able to stand by itself
Keystone
![Page 8: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Stacked Bond—this way of laying brick is not the best for supporting large loads
Running Bond– this way of laying brick is the most common among homes.
Brick Bonds
![Page 9: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Brick Courses
1. Stretcher Course
2.Rowlock Course
3. Soldier Course
4. Header Course
5. Sailor Course
1.
2.
4.
3.
5.
![Page 10: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Brick size: L= 9 in. W= 4in. H= 2 in.
Brick size: L= 7 ⅝ in. H= 2 ¼ in.
W= 3 ⅝ in.
Brick Sizes
![Page 11: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bulldozer
-a large, powerful tractor having a vertical blade at the front end for moving earth, tree stumps, rocks, and any other earthy material
-Blade width= 7 feet
![Page 12: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Brick Clad StructureStone Clad StructureRandom Rubble Pattern
Cladding
![Page 13: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
EFIS Clad Structure Wood Board Clad Structure
![Page 14: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Cedar Shake Clad Structure
Wood Shingle—thin, tapered slabs of wood sawn from short pieces of tree trunk.
Wood Shake– are slabs of wood that have been split from the wood rather than sawn; thicker with more irregular face textures.
![Page 15: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Code Requirements
Height= 31 ½ in.Width= 32 in.Area= 6 feet 7 in.Sill Height= 18 ½ in.
IBC Requirements: Maximum sill height above the floor of 44 in. Minimum net opening of 5.7 sq feet. Net width of opening is not less than 20 in. and net height not less than 24 in.
This window meets the code requirement because the net opening is greater than 5.7 sq feet.
![Page 16: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Stair
IBC Code Requirements–Tread: Min. 10in.
Riser: Max. 7 ¾ in.
Measured Stair– Tread: 10 in. Riser: 7 in.
This stair meets the code requirements because the
tread and riser dimensions fall within the allowed range of
width and height.
![Page 17: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Concrete Joints
Control Joint– an intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure
![Page 18: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Isolations Joint
Isolation Joint– a concrete joint that isolates the slab from a wall, column, or drainpipe. They relieve flexural stresses.
This isolation joint is isolating a steel column
from the slab.
![Page 19: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
CMU—Concrete Masonry Unit
CMU– a block of hardened concrete with or without hollow cores, designed to be laid in the same manner as a brick or stone; a concrete block.
1 CMU=3 Brick Courses
-serve primarily for foundations, retaining walls and fireplaces-a single standard CMU (8×8×16) occupies the same volume as 12 modular brick-other common sizes are (4×8×16), (6×8×16), and (10×8×16).
CMU blocks of different sizes.
![Page 20: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Split Block Ribbed Block
Decorative CMU
![Page 21: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Doors
Top Rail
Lock Rail
Bottom Rail
Stile
Panel
![Page 22: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Exterior Flush Door
Sidelight– a tall, narrow window along-side a door
Transom– a small window directly above a door
![Page 23: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Electrical Components
Underground transformer box– steps down the high voltage from under-ground lines supplied by utility companies to provide the 110/220 volt power used in a house.
![Page 24: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Service Head– the assembly by which electricity is conducted from outdoor lines to the meter base
Meter– held by the meter base, measures the power usage of the residence
![Page 25: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Service Panel—the assembly by which electricity is conducted from outdoor lines to the meter base inside of a building.
![Page 26: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Duplex receptacle—a place where an appliance can be connected to an electric circuit.
![Page 27: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Framing Elements
Sill Plate
Floor Joist
![Page 28: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Sole Plate
Subflooring
![Page 29: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Stud
Top Plate
![Page 30: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Ceiling Joist
Unfinished Stringer
![Page 31: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Rafter
Roofing Deck
![Page 32: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Sheathing
![Page 33: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Front End Loader
Front End Loader– a loader having a shovel or bucket at the end of an articulated arm located at the front of a piece of machinery that is used to load dirt and other materials into equipment such as a dump truck.
This equipment differs from other because it is able to haul and load larger amounts of materials than other machinery.
![Page 34: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Gypsum Board
An interior facing panel consisting of a gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces; also called drywall or plasterboard
![Page 35: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Heat Pumps
Advantages– ability to both heat and cool a building rapidly
Disadvantages– it is difficult to zone because the furnace supplies air to the air ducts at a single temperature
HVAC
![Page 36: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Compressor
The compressor/condensers are heat exchangers that compress the refrigerate into a hot gas and then condenses them to a liquid
![Page 37: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Air Handling UnitIts purpose is the
heating and/or cooling mechanism of the heat pump system. It conditions and circulates the warm or cool air to different parts of the building.
![Page 38: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Insulation
The purpose of insulation is to keep a building cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter by limiting the heat transfer through the walls and ceiling. Insulation keeps occupants comfortable and lowers heating and cooling costs.
1.
2.
3.
1. Batt/Blanket Insulation2. Loose fill Insulation3. Foamed Insulation
![Page 39: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Lintel
-A beam that carries the
load of a wall across a
window or door opening.
Concrete Lintel
This door is located on the front of this house.
![Page 40: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Type N mortarJoint 1– Tooled concave joint. ⅜th in. joint used for a brick clad structure.
Mortar
![Page 41: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Joint 2– Troweled flush joint ⅜th in. thick used on a brick clad structure.
Mortar Type N
![Page 42: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
OSB—Oriented Strand Board
A non-veneered building panel product composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded together under pressure.
![Page 43: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Water closets use a 3 in. drain pipe.
Lavatory uses 1 ½ in. pipe for drainage.
Plumbing
![Page 44: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
VTR– Plumbing Roof Vent This pipe allows gas that builds up in pipes to be safely released from a drainage system and allows air flow into the system.
This kitchen sink is an under mount sink in a granite countertop.
![Page 45: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Plywood--A structural wood panel product composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure.
1. Log storage
2. Debarking and bucking (cutting limbs off)
3. Heating the logs to improve cutting action of the veneer lathe.
4. Peeling the logs into veneers.
5. Drying veneers.
6. Gluing veneers together
7. Pressing veneers in a hot press to consolidate the panels for handling and to cure the glue.
8.Cutting, trimming, and sanding. Then shipping.
Veneer– a thin layer, sheet, or facing
![Page 46: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Radiant Barrier
A reflective foil placed adjacent to an airspace in roof or wall assemblies as a deterrent to the passage of infrared energy.
![Page 47: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Rebar-size #4= ½ in. diameter
The deformations rolled into the surface of rebar help it bond tightly to the concrete.
![Page 48: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Steep Roof Drainage
Gutter– metal piping cut in half that collect rain runoff on the edges of steep roof systems.
Downspout– metal piping connected to the gutters that direct the water to a desired area.
Splash block– a small precast block of concrete or plastic used to divert water at the bottom on a downspout
![Page 49: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Underlayment
A material, usually felt, that is nailed to the roof. Shingles are then nailed on top of the underlayment. This material prevents water from seeping into the attic space.
![Page 50: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Shingle– a thin piece of wood, slate, metal, or asphalt, usually oblong, laid in overlapping rows to cover the roofs and walls of buildings.
![Page 51: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Typical metal roof materials are aluminized or galvanized steel.Cedar Shake roof.
![Page 52: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Steep Roof Shapes
Gable Roof
![Page 53: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Mansard Roof
![Page 54: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Hip Roof
![Page 55: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Gambrel Roof
![Page 56: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Steep Roof Terms
Ridge– the level intersection of two roof planes in a gable roof.
Valley– a trough formed by the intersection of two roof slopes.
Eave– the horizontal edge at the low side of a sloping roof.
Rake– the sloping edge of a steep roof.
![Page 57: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Soffit– the underside of an architectural feature like a roof system
![Page 58: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Facia—the exposed vertical face of an eave.
A bulding without a facia does not have an exposed vertical face of an eave. An example of this is the exposed roof joist.
![Page 59: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Random Rubble Pattern Coursed Rubble Pattern
Stone
![Page 60: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Random Ashlar Pattern Coursed Ashlar Pattern
![Page 61: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Vapor Retarder
--a layer of material intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through a building assembly and/or insulation.
It is placed on the warm in winter side.
![Page 62: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
This liquid applied waterproofing is applied on top of concrete before brick is laid to prevent any moisture from seeping through.
Waterproofing
![Page 63: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Weep Hole
A weep hole is a gap or tube that is placed in the joints between bricks that allow any water that has seeped through to be drained properly.
![Page 64: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Welded Wire Fabric
![Page 65: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Casement Window
This window is a casement window because it is located in a breakfast room and can be opened to a large area to let fresh air into the living space.
Windows
![Page 66: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Single Hung Window
This window is located in a study and can be used as an egress window.
![Page 67: Visual dictionary](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022103014/54808954b4af9f746d8b4623/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Sliding Window
This window is located just above a kitchen counter top and connects the kitchen from a pool patio. With its ease of opening, food and drinks can be passed from indoor to out.