visual dictionary

Visual DictionaryVisual DictionaryBSCI 2300BSCI 2300

T/TH 11:00T/TH 11:00

DefinitionDefinition: A polyolefin sheet : A polyolefin sheet material used as an air barrier.material used as an air barrier.

This material is used for keeping This material is used for keeping water and air from breaching it.water and air from breaching it.

This material is permeable to This material is permeable to water vapor though.water vapor though.

Air Barrier PaperAir Barrier Paper

Attic VentilationAttic Ventilation

Soffit Vent Ridge Vent

Ridge Vent

Soffit vent

Why Their NeededWhy Their Needed

Soffit VentSoffit Vent: They are used to create : They are used to create intake ventilation.intake ventilation.

Ridge VentRidge Vent: This long continuous : This long continuous vent is used for venting, usually vent is used for venting, usually located at the top of the structure.located at the top of the structure.

Ridge Vent

Roof Turbine

Attic Ventilation

Why Their NeededWhy Their Needed

Roof TurbineRoof Turbine: Is a passive vent used : Is a passive vent used to exhaust moist hot air from your to exhaust moist hot air from your attic or structure. attic or structure.

Gable Vent:Gable Vent: Help create a cross draft Help create a cross draft in a wind condition.in a wind condition.

..

BackhoeBackhoe

Backhoe end

Definition: Definition:

A backhoe, also called a rear actor or back actor, is a piece of excavating equipment or digger consisting of a digging bucket on the end of a two-part articulated arm. They are typically mounted on the back of a tractor or front loader. ...

Width of the bucket 22-1/2’’ Width of the bucket 22-1/2’’

Backhoe end

DefinitionDefinition: A temporary frame built : A temporary frame built just outside the corner of an just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks that lie on excavation to carry marks that lie on the surface planes of the basement the surface planes of the basement that will be built in excavation.that will be built in excavation.

Used to establish foundations and Used to establish foundations and jogs in foundations, such as offsets jogs in foundations, such as offsets and courts.and courts.

Batter Boards

Batter BoardsBatter BoardsOut side corner of Batter Boards

Nails to run your string to establish your outside

corners

Brick Arch #1 Brick Arch #1

Roman Arch

#1

Brick Arch #2Brick Arch #2Segmental Arch

Arch With Keystone #3Arch With Keystone #3Arch Key Stone

CenteringCentering Centering: Temporary formwork for Centering: Temporary formwork for

an arch, dome, or vault.an arch, dome, or vault.

Centering

Centering

Brick Bond #1Brick Bond #1

Running Bond- The courses are all Running Bond- The courses are all stretchers with offset mortar joints.stretchers with offset mortar joints.

Brick Bond #2Brick Bond #2

Flemish Bond- The courses are laid Flemish Bond- The courses are laid stretcher header stretcher.stretcher header stretcher.

RowlocksRowlocks

HeadersHeaders

Headers

SoldiersSoldiers

SailorsSailors

Sailors

Stretcher Rowlocks (Shiners)Stretcher Rowlocks (Shiners)

Shiners

Brick Size #1Brick Size #1

Modular BrickModular Brick Width 3-1/2”Width 3-1/2” Length 7-1/2”Length 7-1/2” Height 2-1/4”Height 2-1/4”

Brick Size #2Brick Size #2

Standard BrickStandard Brick Width 3 ½”Width 3 ½” Length 8”Length 8” Height 2 ¼”Height 2 ¼”

BulldozerBulldozer

A heavy, driver-operated machine for A heavy, driver-operated machine for clearing and grading land, usually clearing and grading land, usually having continuous treads and a having continuous treads and a broad hydraulic blade in front. broad hydraulic blade in front.

BulldozerBulldozer

Bulldozer

CladdingCladding Brick Clad StructureBrick Clad Structure Brick Clad Structure

CladdingCladding EFIS Clad StructureEFIS Clad Structure

EFIS

CladdingCladding Stone Clad StructureStone Clad Structure

Stone Clad

Structure

CladdingCladding Wood Board StructureWood Board Structure

Board and Batten Cladding

CladdingCladding Wood Shingle or Shake StructureWood Shingle or Shake Structure

Wood Shake

Is what this

Cladding Cladding

Wood Shake-A shingle split from a Wood Shake-A shingle split from a block of wood of water resistant block of wood of water resistant material nailed in an overlapping material nailed in an overlapping fashion.fashion.

Wood Shingle-A small sawn wood Wood Shingle-A small sawn wood unit of water resistant material unit of water resistant material nailed in an overlapping fashion.nailed in an overlapping fashion.

Code RequirementsCode RequirementsEgress Window From Bedroom

Code RequirementsCode Requirements

Actual measurementsActual measurements Width 34”Width 34” Height 30-1/2’’Height 30-1/2’’ Area 34’’x30-1/2’’ is 7.20 sq.ft. Area 34’’x30-1/2’’ is 7.20 sq.ft. Sill Height 21-3/4’’ AFFSill Height 21-3/4’’ AFF


IBC Requirements for this double IBC Requirements for this double hung window are hung window are

Width 34-1/4’’Width 34-1/4’’ Height 24’’Height 24’’ Area 5.7 sq. ft.Area 5.7 sq. ft. Sill Max 44” AFFSill Max 44” AFF


This window meets the egress This window meets the egress requirements because it is with in requirements because it is with in the parameters of the required code the parameters of the required code to allow for emergency escape and to allow for emergency escape and rescue.rescue.


Riser

Tread


Measured- Tread was 10-1/4”Measured- Tread was 10-1/4”

Riser was 7”Riser was 7” Allowed By IBC code- Tread 10-11” Allowed By IBC code- Tread 10-11”

minimum. Riser 7-3/4” maximum.minimum. Riser 7-3/4” maximum. These stairs do fall with in the These stairs do fall with in the

parameters of the measurement parameters of the measurement required for stair safety. So it does required for stair safety. So it does meet the IBC code requirements.meet the IBC code requirements.

Concrete JointsConcrete Joints Control Joint Control Joint

Control Joint Control Joint with a crack near it.

Concrete JointsConcrete Joints

Control JointControl Joint - An intentional, linear - An intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or discontinuity in a structure or component, designed to form a plane component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure.cracking elsewhere in the structure.

Concrete JointsConcrete Joints Isolation Joint Isolation Joint

This isolation Joint is separating the column footing from the slab

Concrete Joints Concrete Joints

Isolation JointIsolation Joint- completely isolates - completely isolates the slab from something else. That the slab from something else. That something else can be a wall or a something else can be a wall or a column or a drain pipe. column or a drain pipe.

This isolation joint is isolating the This isolation joint is isolating the column footing from the slab.column footing from the slab.

Concrete Masonry UnitsConcrete Masonry Units

CMU

Three Brick courses high = 1 CMU high


CMU- A block of hardened concrete, CMU- A block of hardened concrete, with or without hallow cores, with or without hallow cores, designed to be laid in the same designed to be laid in the same manner as a brick or stone; a manner as a brick or stone; a concrete block.concrete block.

Volume wise their much more Volume wise their much more economical.economical.

Common size is 8 X 8 X 16 Common size is 8 X 8 X 16


8” Wide CMU12” Wide CMU

Decorative CMUDecorative CMU Split BlockSplit Block

Split Block

Decorative CMUDecorative CMU Ribbed BlockRibbed Block Ribbed CMU

DoorsDoors Exterior Flush DoorExterior Flush Door

Doors: Exterior Panel Doors: Exterior Panel

Stile

Top Rail

Raised Panel

Lock Rail

Bottom Rail

Doors: TransomDoors: Transom

Transom

Doors: TransomDoors: Transom

Transom Definition: A small window Transom Definition: A small window directly above a door.directly above a door.

Doors: SideLightsDoors: SideLights

Side Light Side Light

Door: SidelightsDoor: Sidelights

Sidelight Definition: A tall narrow Sidelight Definition: A tall narrow window along side door.window along side door.

Electrical ComponentsElectrical ComponentsElectric Lines

Transformer

Power Pole

Electrical ComponentsElectrical Components

Power pole: Local Lines carry high Power pole: Local Lines carry high direct voltage of several thousand direct voltage of several thousand volts to the transformer which then volts to the transformer which then converts it to 110/120 volt converts it to 110/120 volt alternating current. alternating current.


Service Head


Service head: A weather head is a Service head: A weather head is a weatherproof electrical service point weatherproof electrical service point for your overhead electrical service for your overhead electrical service feed. The weather head connects to feed. The weather head connects to the top of the electrical service pipe the top of the electrical service pipe and has a cap over the connection and has a cap over the connection frame. Since it sits atop the pipe, has frame. Since it sits atop the pipe, has a cap on top of it, and makes the a cap on top of it, and makes the connection weatherproof, it is called connection weatherproof, it is called a weather head. a weather head.


Meter


Meter: This is the device that Meter: This is the device that measures the power your electrical measures the power your electrical system uses throughout the month. system uses throughout the month. Measured in watts and is the step Measured in watts and is the step after the weather head.after the weather head.


Service Panel


Service panel:Service panel:The electrical service panel provides 100, 200, or more amps of power to a home. Power comes into the house from a "service drop," connects to the lugs within the service panel, and is split into separate circuits throughout the house.

Duplex ReceptacleDuplex Receptacle

Duplex Receptacle

Duplex ReceptacleDuplex Receptacle Duplex Receptacles are female electrical Duplex Receptacles are female electrical

connectors that have slots or holes which connectors that have slots or holes which accept and deliver current to the prongs of accept and deliver current to the prongs of inserted plugs. To reduce the risk of injury inserted plugs. To reduce the risk of injury or death by or death by electric shockelectric shock, some plug and , some plug and socket systems incorporate various safety socket systems incorporate various safety features. Sockets are designed to accept features. Sockets are designed to accept only matching plugs and reject all others. only matching plugs and reject all others.

Framing ElementsFraming Elements Anchor Bolt #1Anchor Bolt #1 Anchor Bolt

Framing ElementsFraming Elements Sill Plate #2Sill Plate #2

Sill Plate

Framing ElementsFraming Elements Floor Joist #3Floor Joist #3

Floor Joist

Framing ElementsFraming Elements Sub Flooring #4Sub Flooring #4

Sub flooring

Framing ElementsFraming Elements Sole Plate #5Sole Plate #5

Sole Plate

Sole Plate

Framing ElementsFraming Elements Stud #6Stud #6

Stud

Stud

Framing ElementsFraming Elements Top Plate #7Top Plate #7

Top Plate

Framing ElementsFraming Elements Ceiling Joist #8Ceiling Joist #8

Ceiling Joist

Framing ElementsFraming Elements Rafters #9Rafters #9

Rafters

Framing ElementsFraming Elements Roof Decking #10Roof Decking #10

Roof Decking

Framing ElementsFraming Elements Sheathing #11Sheathing #11

Sheathing

Framing Elements Framing Elements Stringer #12Stringer #12

Stringer

Front End LoaderFront End Loader

Front End Loader

Front End LoaderFront End Loader

Front End Loader: Used to scoop and Front End Loader: Used to scoop and carry earth, rock or any material that carry earth, rock or any material that can scooped. It is different from a can scooped. It is different from a bulldozer because it carries dirt bulldozer because it carries dirt instead of just pushing it.instead of just pushing it.

Gypsum BoardGypsum Board

Gypsum Board

Heat PumpHeat Pump

Heat Pump: One advantage of a heat Heat Pump: One advantage of a heat pump is that it can increase heating pump is that it can increase heating efficiency by a factor of about 3.efficiency by a factor of about 3.

Heat Pump: One disadvantage of a Heat Pump: One disadvantage of a heat pump is that it can be noisy so heat pump is that it can be noisy so you must keep it away from Bedroom you must keep it away from Bedroom windows.windows.

Heat pumpHeat pump Compressor/CondenserCompressor/Condenser

Compressor

Condenser

Heat PumpHeat Pump

Compressor/Condenser: The Compressor/Condenser: The compressor compresses gas into a compressor compresses gas into a liquid while the condenser condenses liquid while the condenser condenses liquid into a gas- or vise verse. liquid into a gas- or vise verse.

Heat PumpHeat Pump Air Handling UnitAir Handling Unit

Air Handling Unit

Air Handling Unit Air Handling Unit

Air Handling Unit: Is a device used to Air Handling Unit: Is a device used to condition and circulate air as part of condition and circulate air as part of a heating, ventilating, and air-a heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system.conditioning (HVAC) system.

InsulationInsulation

Insulations purpose is to reduce Insulations purpose is to reduce unwanted heat loss or gain and can unwanted heat loss or gain and can decrease the energy demands of decrease the energy demands of heating and cooling systemsheating and cooling systems. .

InsulationInsulation Batt Insulation #1Batt Insulation #1 Batt Insulation

InsulationInsulation Loose Fill #2Loose Fill #2 Loose Fill Insulation

InsulationInsulation Foamed Insulation #3 Foamed Insulation #3

Foamed Insulation

InsulationInsulation Rigid Board Insulation #4Rigid Board Insulation #4

LintelLintel

Lintel

LintelLintel

Lintel: A beam that carries the Load Lintel: A beam that carries the Load of a wall across a window or door of a wall across a window or door opening. opening.

Mortar Mortar Mortar Joint #1Mortar Joint #1

MortarMortar

Tooled joint.Tooled joint. 3/8” thick mortar joint3/8” thick mortar joint This mortar joint is used on a single This mortar joint is used on a single

dwelling residential home.dwelling residential home. My guess is type N because it is the My guess is type N because it is the

general use mortar. general use mortar.

MortarMortar Mortar Joint #2Mortar Joint #2

MortarMortar

TroweledTroweled 3/8” thick mortar joint3/8” thick mortar joint This mortar joint is used on a single This mortar joint is used on a single

dwelling residential home.dwelling residential home. My guess is type N because it is the My guess is type N because it is the

general use mortar. general use mortar.

Oriented Strand BoardOriented Strand Board

OSB- Is made of long, strand like OSB- Is made of long, strand like wood particles compressed and wood particles compressed and glued into three to five layers they glued into three to five layers they are nonveneered panels and is one are nonveneered panels and is one of three nonveneered panels. of three nonveneered panels.

Oriented Strand boardOriented Strand board

8’ Sheet of OSB

4’

PlumbingPlumbing LavatoryLavatory

PlumbingPlumbing A 1-1/2” Pipe is to drain this lavatory.A 1-1/2” Pipe is to drain this lavatory.

Plumbing: Water ClosetPlumbing: Water Closet

PlumbingPlumbing

Usually a 3” pipe is used to drain Usually a 3” pipe is used to drain waist from this water closet.waist from this water closet.

3” Pipe for Water Closet

Plumbing: Manufactured TubPlumbing: Manufactured Tub

Plumbing: Roof VentPlumbing: Roof VentPlumbing Roof Vent

Plumbing: VTRPlumbing: VTR

The vents sticking up in the air are The vents sticking up in the air are for the lavatories and water closets for the lavatories and water closets (toilets) to vent exhaust gas through (toilets) to vent exhaust gas through the roof. the roof.

Plumbing: Kitchen SinkPlumbing: Kitchen Sink Undermount SinkUndermount Sink

PlywoodPlywood

Plywood: A wood panel composed of Plywood: A wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under veneer bonded together under pressure.pressure.

Veneer: A thin layer, sheet, or facing.Veneer: A thin layer, sheet, or facing.

PlywoodPlywood

Plywood

Radiant Barrier Radiant Barrier

Rafters

Rafters

Radiant Barrier

Radiant BarrierRadiant Barrier

A radiant barrier is a layer of metallic A radiant barrier is a layer of metallic foil, reflective paint, or other foil, reflective paint, or other reflective material that blocks reflective material that blocks radiated heat, assisting in the energy radiated heat, assisting in the energy performance of a building.performance of a building.

Radiant Barrier is placed on the back Radiant Barrier is placed on the back of the rafters and sheathing and of the rafters and sheathing and blocks radiation to allow for energy blocks radiation to allow for energy efficiency. efficiency.

Rebar Rebar

Rebar ¾”

Dowel

RebarRebar

Bar size in diameter: .750in or ¾”Bar size in diameter: .750in or ¾” Bar #: #6Bar #: #6 The purpose of the deformations or The purpose of the deformations or

surface ribs is to create friction for surface ribs is to create friction for better bonding to concrete. better bonding to concrete.

Steep Roof DrainageSteep Roof Drainage GutterGutter

Gutter

Steep Roof DrainageSteep Roof Drainage

A channel that collects rainwater and A channel that collects rainwater and snowmelt at the eave of a roof.snowmelt at the eave of a roof.

Steep Roof DrainageSteep Roof Drainage Down SpoutDown Spout

Down Spout


Downspout: A vertical pipe for Downspout: A vertical pipe for conducting water from a roof to a conducting water from a roof to a lower level.lower level.

The downspout carries water from The downspout carries water from the gutter or roof to a lower level or the gutter or roof to a lower level or ground.ground.

Steep Roof Drainage Steep Roof Drainage SplashblockSplashblock

Splash Block


Splashblock: A small precast block of Splashblock: A small precast block of concrete or plastic used to divert concrete or plastic used to divert water at the bottom of a downspout.water at the bottom of a downspout.

Steep Roof MaterialsSteep Roof Materials UnderlaymentUnderlayment

Underlayment

Steep Roof Materials Steep Roof Materials

Underlayment: A layer of waterproof Underlayment: A layer of waterproof material such as building felt material such as building felt between roof sheathing and roofing.between roof sheathing and roofing.

It is layer of back up to prevent water It is layer of back up to prevent water from entering the structure.from entering the structure.

Steep Roof MaterialsSteep Roof Materials Clay Tile RoofClay Tile Roof

Clay Tile Roof

Steep Roof MaterialsSteep Roof Materials

Shingle: A small unit of water-Shingle: A small unit of water-resistant material nailed in an resistant material nailed in an overlapping fashion with many other overlapping fashion with many other such units to render; to apply such units to render; to apply shingles.shingles.

Steep Roof MaterialsSteep Roof Materials Wood Shingles:Wood Shingles:

Wood Shingles

Steep Roof MaterialsSteep Roof Materials Metal RoofMetal Roof

Metal Roof

Steep Roof MaterialsSteep Roof Materials

This roof is galvanized steel and This roof is galvanized steel and painted light grey for aesthetic painted light grey for aesthetic purposes. purposes.

Steep Roof ShapesSteep Roof Shapes Gable Roof:Gable Roof:

Gable Roof

Steep Roof ShapesSteep Roof Shapes Gambrel RoofGambrel Roof

Gambrel Roof

Steep Roof ShapesSteep Roof Shapes Hip RoofHip Roof

Hip Roof

Steep Roof ShapesSteep Roof Shapes Mansard RoofMansard Roof Mansard Roof

Steep Roof TermsSteep Roof Terms RidgeRidge

Ridge

Steep Roof TermsSteep Roof Terms ValleyValley

Valley:

Weaved

Steep Roof TermsSteep Roof Terms EaveEave

Eave

Steep Roof TermsSteep Roof Terms RakeRake

Rake

Rake

Steep Roof TermsSteep Roof Terms SoffitSoffit

Soffit

Soffit

Steep Roof TermsSteep Roof Terms FasciaFascia

Fascia

Fascia

Steep Roof TermsSteep Roof Terms

Fascia: The exposed vertical face of Fascia: The exposed vertical face of an eave.an eave.

Steep Roof TermsSteep Roof Terms Building Without FasciaBuilding Without Fascia

No Fascia

StoneStone Random Rubble PatternRandom Rubble Pattern

Random Rubble Pattern

StoneStone Coursed Rubble PatternCoursed Rubble Pattern

Coursed Rubble

StoneStone Random Ashlar PatternRandom Ashlar Pattern

StoneStone Coursed AshlarCoursed Ashlar

Vapor RetarderVapor Retarder

Vapor Retarder on the warm side of the insulation

layer

Vapor RetarderVapor Retarder

Vapor Retarder: Its Preventing Vapor Retarder: Its Preventing condensation from occurring in condensation from occurring in building assemblies.building assemblies.

It is installed on the warmer side of It is installed on the warmer side of the insulation layer.the insulation layer.

WaterproofingWaterproofingWater Proofing Water Proofing

WaterproofingWaterproofing

Waterproofing: Is either a Waterproofing: Is either a membrane, clay, portland cement or membrane, clay, portland cement or plaster with water-repellant plaster with water-repellant admixtures that are applied to a admixtures that are applied to a structure to prevent water from structure to prevent water from reaching it. Usually an envelope that reaching it. Usually an envelope that will receive pressure from being will receive pressure from being below grade such as a basement.below grade such as a basement.

WaterproofingWaterproofing

Category of Waterproofing: This Category of Waterproofing: This waterproofing is “Roll On” or liquid waterproofing is “Roll On” or liquid applied. applied.

Weep HoleWeep Hole

Weep Hole

Weep holeWeep hole

Weep Hole: A small opening whose Weep Hole: A small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a water that accumulates inside a building component or assembly.building component or assembly.

The weep hole allows for any driven The weep hole allows for any driven water that has penetrated through to water that has penetrated through to the vapor barrier on the back up wall the vapor barrier on the back up wall to run down and out the weep hole.to run down and out the weep hole.

Welded Wire FabricWelded Wire Fabric

Welded Wire Fabric in a prepped slab

Welded Wire FabricWelded Wire Fabric

Measurements of the grid in both Measurements of the grid in both directions.directions.

6”x6” is the grid in both directions.6”x6” is the grid in both directions.

WindowsWindows Window #1 Double HungWindow #1 Double Hung

This is a Double Hung window because it has one or two moveable

sashes.

WindowsWindows Window #2 Sliding Window #2 Sliding

This is a Sliding window because one slash slides past

the other.

Windows Windows Window #3 CasementWindow #3 Casement

This window is a casement window because the sash tiltsoutward, and its hinged on a

vertical jamb

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concrete block

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block of wood

concrete joints control

structure wood shakeis