vision of the excess electricity and power-to-gas in
TRANSCRIPT
©Francois Marechal -IPESE-IGM-STI-EPFL 2014
IPESEIndustrial Process and
Energy Systems Engineering
Vision of the Excess Electricity and Power-to-Gas in Energyscope
Prof François Marechal EPFL Valais Wallis
CH-1950 Sion
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !2
What is energyscope ?The energyscope.ch project
Sources: [1] Swiss Federal Council. Perspectives Énergétiques 2050 - Analyse Des Variantes d’offre d’électricité Du Conseil Fédéral. May 2011. [2] Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE). Swiss electricity statistics 2011. DE/FR. Tech. rep. Bern, Switzerland, 2012.
Elec
trici
ty G
Wh/
year
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !2
What is energyscope ?The energyscope.ch project
Fukushima, March 25th, 2011
Sources: [1] Swiss Federal Council. Perspectives Énergétiques 2050 - Analyse Des Variantes d’offre d’électricité Du Conseil Fédéral. May 2011. [2] Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE). Swiss electricity statistics 2011. DE/FR. Tech. rep. Bern, Switzerland, 2012.
Elec
trici
ty G
Wh/
year
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !2
What is energyscope ?The energyscope.ch project
Fukushima, March 25th, 2011
Sources: [1] Swiss Federal Council. Perspectives Énergétiques 2050 - Analyse Des Variantes d’offre d’électricité Du Conseil Fédéral. May 2011. [2] Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE). Swiss electricity statistics 2011. DE/FR. Tech. rep. Bern, Switzerland, 2012.
Elec
trici
ty G
Wh/
year
How to fill this gap by 2035?
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !3
Energyscope
• Online platform energyscope.ch[1]
• Excel version of the model[2]
The energyscope.ch project
[1] S. Moret et al. “Swiss-EnergyScope.Ch: A Platform to Widely Spread Energy Literacy and Aid Decision-Making”. In: Chemical Engineering Transactions 39 (2014), pp. 877–882 [2] V. Codina Gironès et al. “Strategic Energy Planning for Large-Scale Energy Systems: A Modelling Framework to Aid Decision-Making”. In: Energy 90, Part 1 (Oct. 2015), pp. 173–186.
Dr V. Codina Gironès, EPFL
Choose options
Compare results
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !4
Energyscope
• Energy-based model
• “Snapshot” modeling approach: optimization of the system in a target future year
• Simplified yet complete energy system: inclusion of heating and mobility ! could complement more complex models
• Multiperiod formulation: seasonality of demand and energy storage
• Concise structure and low computational time ! uncertainty applications
A new mixed integer linear programming version
Sources: [1] S. Moret, F. Babonneau, M. Bierlaire, and F. Maréchal. “Decision support for strategic energy planning: a complete robust optimization framework ”, 2018 (Under review)
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !5
Energyscope
Why yet another energy model?[1]
• Most models are not open-source or are – at least partly – commercial
• Most model tend to focus only (or mostly) on the electricity sector
• Need of optimizing both investment & operation strategy in the system
• Complex formulation and high computational time ! difficult to consider uncertainty
Mixed Integer Linear Programming model : https://www.github.com/stefanomoret/SES_MILP
Sources: [1] S. Moret, F. Babonneau, M. Bierlaire, and F. Maréchal. “Decision support for strategic energy planning: a complete robust optimization framework ”, 2018 (Under review)
©Francois Marechal -IPESE-IGM-STI-EPFL 2014
IPESEIndustrial Process and
Energy Systems Engineering
•Not Times-Markal – Transition is not modelled – Not economic equilibrium – Economic drivers are too uncertain •Not energyplan – Seasonality is considered – Optimisation instead of rule based – Solution generator instead of simulation • Fast Scenario generator
What is not energyscope!6
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !7
EnergyscopeApplication to Switzerland
Sources: [1] S. Moret, “Strategic energy planning under uncertainty”, 2017
• 20-year time horizon ! 2050 as target year
• Additional constraints for CH
• Model complexity: • 1633 decision variables • 118 binaries • 56 integers • Solved in seconds
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !8
EnergyscopeModel validation fitted with the SFOE data as reference
Sources: [1] S. Moret, “Strategic energy planning under uncertainty”, 2017
Model validation: Switzerland, year 2011
©Francois Marechal -IPESE-IGM-STI-EPFL 2014
IPESEIndustrial Process and
Energy Systems Engineering
• Use of biomass to further decrease the CO2 emissions
• Deployment of PV panels
• 50% electricity is in excess during summer months. => seasonal storage is needed (& dams are not sufficient)
Integrating in the energy system
24/10/16
!9
NEP scenario
©Francois Marechal -IPESE-IGM-STI-EPFL 2014
IPESEIndustrial Process and
Energy Systems Engineering
• BIO-SNG = operating 100%
• Power 2 gas takes the excess => new flexible system design
Wood Biomass for Renewable Electricity Storage
24/10/16
!10
Summer Mode
Winter Mode
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
GWh
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000MW
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Elec. demand (GWh)Elec. supply (GWh)Wood in (MW)Elec. in (MW)Gas out (MW)
Installed power total WOOD (MW) = 1215
Electrolysis (MW) = 1755 Gas Production (MW) = 2065
SNG production (PJ) = 42.4 Wood consumption (PJ) = 38.3 Electricity storage (PJ) = 17.8
100 MW
75 MW
100 MW
170 MW
144 MW
Codina Gironès, Víctor, et al. "On the assessment of the CO2 mitigation potential of woody biomass." Frontiers in Energy Research 5 (2018): 37.
©Francois Marechal -IPESE-IGM-STI-EPFL 2014
IPESEIndustrial Process and
Energy Systems Engineering
Annual Total Cost [109 CHF]
Annual
CO2 E
missions [106
kg C
O2-e
quiv.]
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
26 27 28 29 30
NEP
PM
BAU
38 39 40
F1P1 F1P4 F1P2 F1P3
• Design of new energy scenarios. Minimizing energy dependency of Switzerland : i.e. minimise the CO2 emissions
Wood Biomass for the energy transition
24/10/16
!11
New Energy Policies Scenario for 2050 as reference
100 PJ used
-38 % CO2 + 23 % cost
x4 x4 x1.52050 BAU scenario
2050 NEP scenario
-63 % CO2
©Francois Marechal -IPESE-IGM-STI-EPFL 2014
IPESEIndustrial Process and
Energy Systems Engineering
• Design of new energy scenarios. Goal: Minimizing energy dependency of Switzerland + Not allowing import and export of electricity.
Wood Biomass for Renewable Electricity Storage
24/10/16
!12
• Increasing PV installed capacity. • Using of bio-SNG & electrolysis for electricity storage.
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 200
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
PV installed capacity [GW]Annualized
investment cost [109 C
HF]
Elec PVChemical ConverisonDecentralized HPAdvanced Cogen.Decentralized Boiler
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 208.2
8.4
8.6
8.8
9
9.2
9.4
9.6
9.8
Annual
CO2 Em
issions [106
kgC
O−equiv.]
1
2
3
4
100 PJ biomass used
x2 - x1.5 x2/3
Codina Gironès, Víctor, et al. "On the assessment of the CO2 mitigation potential of woody biomass." Frontiers in Energy Research 5 (2018): 37.
©Francois Marechal -IPESE-IGM-STI-EPFL 2014
IPESEIndustrial Process and
Energy Systems EngineeringPower2gas perpsectives
!13
Figure 2: Conceptual Scheme of Boiler Design: plot (a) - Case I, plot (b) - Case II, plot (c) - Case III, plot(d) - Case IV
15
I II
III IV
6700 h/year
2000 h/year
Storing renewable electricity : Power to X
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !14
Energyscope & Energy storage : competing optionsApplication to Switzerland: JASM project
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !15
Energyscope
Latest developments: hourly resolution, storage (daily & seasonal, thermal & electrical), electric mobility (V2G)
Typical days version when hourly resolution needed
Sources: [1] G. Limpens et al, in preparation
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !16
EnergyscopeApplication to Switzerland: JASM project
Cost optimal
CO2 optimal
2015
Heat pumps
ElectrolysisGaseification
Synthetic fuels in public transport
]
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !17
EnergyscopeApplication to Switzerland: JASM project towards low CO2 emissions Switzerland
RERE
94 TWh
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !18
EnergyscopeCO2 emissions reduction
Sources: [1] Xiang Li et al, in preparation
cost uncertainty of the options
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !19
Generating different optionsDifferent assumptions leads to different solutions
6000 GWh Hydro storage storage 4 kt CO2/year
Electrical mobility
EPFL, CENStefano Moret January 21st, 2019 !20
Power2gas energyscope vision
©Francois Marechal -IPESE-IGM-STI-EPFL 2014
IPESEIndustrial Process and
Energy Systems Engineering
• EnergySCOPE is a solution generator –allows to show competing/synergetic/enabling options –allows to test assumptions
Conclusions!21