virtualization in the data center virtual servers – how it works – pros – cons ipac’s...
TRANSCRIPT
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Virtualization in the Data Center
• Virtual Servers–How it works–Pros–Cons
• IPAC’s implementation– Hardware resource usage and trends– Virtualization examples
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How Virtualization Works
Hardware
Virtualization Software
Hardware
Virtualization Software
OS
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Smaller foot print in the DC
400 Watts
400 Watts
400 Watts
400 Watts
400 Watts
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More efficient use of hardware
10%
20%
25%
25%
80%
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Preserve legacy applications
Hardware
Virtualization Software
Redhat 8
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Develop, Test, and Deploy
Development
Testing
Production
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Cons
• Too many virtual servers can crash the physical server
• Shared I/O may lead to bottlenecks
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IPAC OS Demography
Linux48%
Solaris50%
Windows1%
Mac1%
IPAC 05/09
Linux12%
Solaris76%
Windows7% Mac
5%
IPAC 05/03
* servers only
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IPAC OS Trends
DesktopSun to Mac
File ServerSolaris Sparc to Solaris x86
Common Services (Web)Solaris to Linux
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Old Purchasing Model
New Purchase
Sparc
x86
Solaris
Linux
Upgrade
Upgrade
Buy hardware to fit the Operating SystemMust choose OS at purchase timeChanging software may require new purchase
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New x86 Purchasing Model
New Purchase
Solaris
LInux
x86 OS Type
UpgradeRepurpose
Buy hardware to fit the computing requirementsChoose software laterRepurpose HW if desired
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Consolidation with Virtualization
*straw man comparison
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VM technologies at IPAC
• Xen – Open Source, supported on Linux• Zones – Software Partition, on Solaris• Logical Domains – Hardware Partitioning,
supported on Sparc servers• VMWare – Multi-OS capable, common on
desktops, experimental on servers• Parallels – being phased out for VMWare
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Oracle Server Build
Hardware Org (4)
OS Install (4)
Oracle
Install (x)
Production(x+80) hrs
Clone VM (1)
OS Custom (1)
Oracle
Install (x)
Production
(x+2) hrs
Real Example: Project X wanted a test Oracle server deployed same-dayChallenge: No hardware , little time
Tradition
The VM way
Outcome: Server functional in 8 hrs
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Java App Server Dev to Ops
Hardware Setup (4)
OS Install (4)
Java Runtime (x)
Production(x+8) hrs
Hardware
Setup
Copy Dev to
Ops VM (1)
OS Custom (1)
Java Runtime (x)
Production(2) hrs
Real Example: Project Y wanted to move the Java App from a Dev environment OpsChallenge: Minimize work for Project Y and ISG
Traditional
The VM way
Outcome: Delivered 2 Ops replicas of Dev server same day
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How to Manage VMsxen1
• CPU (4)• MEM
(8G)• Disks
(50G)
xen2
• CPU (8)• MEM
(16G)• Disk (1T)
My App Needs
• CPU 8• MEM 8G• Disk 50G
Abstraction with Bit-Buckets: Each server is a bucket of resources CPU, Memory, DiskEliminate cutesy names and dedicated roles for the hardware
010110
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VM Resource Math
xen3
• CPU (16) 100%
• MEM (32G) 100%
• Disks (2T) 100%
My App
• CPU (8)• MEM
(8G)• Disk
(50G)
xen3Filling the Bit BucketAdding My App to a VM server reduces the VM resource and increases utilization
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Virtualization In Use
Linux 8 core (8:1)
1 ISG Java
1 ISG Web
1 Project Oracle
1 Project Tomcat
2 ISG Test
Solaris 2 core (3:1)
Web (ipac)
Ftp (anon-ftp)
Curator (staff)
IPAC-wide: 32 servers supporting 60 VMs Virtualization ratio 2:1 – 2 OS running on each CPU core
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Summary
• Virtualization is efficient and cost-effective• I/O performance is a challenge• Consider going virtual when buying
HW/building servers• Benefits usually outweighs the costs