virginia company of plymouth pilgrims mayflower pawtuxet squanto government mayflower compact...
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Virginia Company of Plymouth Pilgrims
MayflowerPawtuxet
Squanto Government
Mayflower CompactWilliam Bradford
Economy
PuritansJohn Winthrop
“a city on a hill”GovernmentCommonwealth “Blue laws”
The Scarlet LetterEconomy
farmingeducation
Rhode IslandRoger Williams
Separation of church and stateAnne Hutchinson
New HampshireJohn Wheelwright
ConnecticutRev. Thomas Hooker
Pequots Pequots very verypowerful tribepowerful tribein CT river valley.in CT river valley.
1637 1637 Pequot PequotWarWar Whites attacked Pequot village on Mystic River.Whites attacked Pequot village on Mystic River. Whites set fire to homes & shot fleeing survivors!Whites set fire to homes & shot fleeing survivors! Pequot tribe virtually annihilatedPequot tribe virtually annihilated an uneasy peace an uneasy peace
lasted for 40 years.lasted for 40 years.
Only hope for Native Only hope for Native Americans to resist Americans to resist white settlers was to white settlers was to UNITE.UNITE.
MetacomMetacom [King Philip to [King Philip to white settlers]white settlers] King Philip united King Philip united
Indians and staged Indians and staged coordinated attacks coordinated attacks on white settlements throughout New England.on white settlements throughout New England.
Frontier settlements forced to retreat to Boston.Frontier settlements forced to retreat to Boston. He is caught and “drawn & quartered”—end of He is caught and “drawn & quartered”—end of
the warthe war
MarylandCatholics=est. by The Lords Baltimore
George CalvertCecilius Calvert
Act of Toleration
New York; New Jersey; Pennsylvania; Delaware
Henry Hudson’s Henry Hudson’s VoyagesVoyages
Henry Hudson’s Henry Hudson’s VoyagesVoyages
Settling the Middle Settling the Middle ColoniesColonies
Settling the Middle Settling the Middle ColoniesColonies
New NetherlandsDutch Reformed Church
New SwedenPeter Stuyvesant
New YorkThe Duke of York
New Netherlands &New Netherlands &New SwedenNew Sweden
New Netherlands &New Netherlands &New SwedenNew Sweden
Peter Stuyvesant
So…how did New York get its name?So…how did New York get its name?
Charles II granted New Netherland’s land to his brother, the Duke of York
1664 English soldiers arrived.
Dutch had little ammunition and poor defenses.
Stuyvesant forced to surrender without firing a shot.
Renamed “New York”
England gained strategic harbor between her northern & southern colonies.
England now controlled the Atlantic coast!
Pennsylvania, Delaware and New JerseyQuakers-The Society of Friends
William Penn
EconomyFarming
Great cities
Philadelphia
The QuakersThe QuakersThe QuakersThe QuakersCalled Quakers because they “quaked” during intense religious practices.
They offended religious & secular leaders in England.
Refused to pay taxes to support the Church of England.
They met without paid clergy
Believed all were children of God refused to treat the upper classes with deference.
Keep hats on.
Addressed them as commoners ”thees”/“thous.”
Wouldn’t take oaths.
Pacifists.
Penn’s Treaty with Penn’s Treaty with thetheNative AmericansNative Americans
Penn’s Treaty with Penn’s Treaty with thetheNative AmericansNative Americans
Pennsylvanian SocietyPennsylvanian SocietyPennsylvanian SocietyPennsylvanian SocietyAttracted many different people
Religious misfits from other colonies.
Many different ethnic groups.
No provision for military defense.
No restrictions on immigration.
No slavery!!
“Blue Laws” [sumptuary laws] against stage plays, cards, dice, excessive hilarity, etc.
A society that gave its citizens economic opportunity,
civil liberty, & religious freedom!!
Urban Population GrowthUrban Population Growth1650 - 17751650 - 1775
Urban Population GrowthUrban Population Growth1650 - 17751650 - 1775
New Jersey — PA’s New Jersey — PA’s NeighborNeighbor
New Jersey — PA’s New Jersey — PA’s NeighborNeighbor
Many New Englanders [because of worn out soil] moved to NJ.
1674 West NJ sold to Quakers.
1702 E & W NJ combined into
NJ and created one colony.
Delaware — PA’s Delaware — PA’s NeighborNeighbor
Delaware — PA’s Delaware — PA’s NeighborNeighbor
Named after Lord De La Warr [harsh military governor of VA in 1610].
Ethnic GroupsEthnic GroupsEthnic GroupsEthnic Groups
GovernmentThe first constitution in the
coloniesAnthony Ashley Cooper
John LockeTried a Feudal system
North Carolina (poor)small farmers
South Carolina (rich)trading post to plantations
rice, cotton, indigoslaves
Settling the “Lower Settling the “Lower South”South”
Settling the “Lower Settling the “Lower South”South”
Rice = The primary export.
Rice was still considered an exotic food in England.
Was grown in Africa, so planters imported
West African slaves.
Immunity to malaria.
By 1710 African slaves were a
majority in Carolina.
Crops of the Crops of the Carolinas: Rice & Carolinas: Rice & IndigoIndigo
Crops of the Crops of the Carolinas: Rice & Carolinas: Rice & IndigoIndigo
American Long American Long Grain RiceGrain Rice
Rice & Indigo ExportsRice & Indigo Exportsfrom SC & GA: 1698-1775from SC & GA: 1698-1775
Rice & Indigo ExportsRice & Indigo Exportsfrom SC & GA: 1698-1775from SC & GA: 1698-1775
The Emergence of North The Emergence of North CarolinaCarolina
The Emergence of North The Emergence of North CarolinaCarolina Dissenters from VA moved south to northern Carolina.
Poor farmers with little need for slaves.
Religious dissenters.
Distinctive traits of North Carolinians
Irreligious & hospitable to pirates.
Strong spirit of resistance to
authority.
1712 NC officially separated
from SC.
Buffer stateCol. James Oglethorpe
Debtors colony
18c Southern Colonies18c Southern Colonies18c Southern Colonies18c Southern Colonies
Georgia--The “Buffer” Georgia--The “Buffer” ColonyColony
Georgia--The “Buffer” Georgia--The “Buffer” ColonyColony
Chief Purpose of Creating Georgia:
As a “buffer” between the valuable Carolinas & Spanish Florida & French Louisiana.
Export silk and wine.
A haven for debtors thrown in to prison.
Determined to keep slavery out!
Yet…Slavery found in GAby 1750.
The Port City of Savannah The Port City of Savannah The Port City of Savannah The Port City of Savannah
Diverse community.
All Christians except Catholics enjoyed religious toleration.
Missionaries worked among debtors and Indians most famous was John Wesley (Founder of Methodist church).
Create an advertisement for your favorite colony. Why should people come to your colony instead of another? What are the benefits and disadvantages of the colony? Since it’s an advertisement, you will want to mention the disadvantages, but downplay their importance!