ville alatyppö, maintenance director · winter maintenance pilot on cycle paths 2015-2016 and the...
TRANSCRIPT
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
1
More Cyclists Through Better Winter Maintenance – Case Helsinki, Finland
Kaisa Komulainen, Project Manager, Helsinki PWD
Ville Alatyppö, Maintenance Director
Location & populationFinland 5 600 000 Helsinki 600 000Metropolitan area 1 500 000
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
2
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
°C mm
Helsinki´s climate
mm °C
Source: Finnish meteorological institute
CYCLING
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
3
The city of Helsinki’s strategy program Promotes walking, biking and public transportation as means of
transport Implements the recommendations of the city's promotion plan for
biking• Increasing the modal share of cycling to 15% by the year 2020 • At the moment it´s ~11%
Source: Strategy program
Mobility development plan
Order of priority for different modes1. Walking2. Cycling3. Public transportation4. Logistics5. Private cars
Source: Liikenne kasvavassa kaupungissa
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
4
The growth of the city creates pressure for change
The city is responding to the demand
Source: Bicycle Account 2015
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
5
Lauttasaari bridge as an exampleIn September 2014 the amount of bikes crossings the bridge was 19,5% of all crossings combined, and in 2015 the corresponding
amount was 21%Source: City Planning department of Helsinki
Space efficiency
One parking space for cars = Ten bikes
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
6
Fast journeys
Source: Bicycle Account 2015
Health benefits
Reduces the risk for cardiovascular deceases, diabetes and high blood pressure and helps in
regulating body weight and healthy blood lipid
counts. Source: UKK institute.
Cycling is a transportation mode with all the same health
benefits as physical exercise.
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
7
Environmental benefits– 0 CO² emissionsCycling creates no emissions which helps in Helsinki's strive
towards better air quality. There´s also substantially less noise pollution created from bikes than cars. Source: Helsinki Environment center
Securing the circumstances for pedestrians
By improving the circumstances for cycling
the circumstances for pedestrians are often also
improved.
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
8
Cost-benefits
If the target network is built.
Source: Pyöräilyn kustannukset ja hyödyt selvitys
7,8Car infrastructure projects often
have a cost-benefit of 1,5 at best.
Developing bicycling focuses
Source: Pyöräilyn edistämisohjelma
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
9
Bike lanes are to be built according to demand and maintenance distributed after demand
Source: Pyöräliikenteen ennusteet, Strafica Oyand pyöräliikenteen laskennat 2015 (KSV)
Lauttasaaren silta 2015Peak day 8700cycle journeys
Kulosaaren silta 2015Peak day 7400cycle journeys
Ratapihantie 2015Peak day 5 750 cycle journeys
A new overview of cycling in Helsinki in 2017
Bicycle Account 2015
Cycling barometer during autumn 2016
New Bicycle Account biennially
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
10
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
11
The existing cycling network
Source: Helsinki sports department
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
12
Helsinki downtown cycling network 2025
Baana (“fast lanes”) network 2025
Source: KSLK/2013
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
13
Towards the goal with a clear vision
Source: Pyöräilyn edistämisohjelma
The envisioned trajectory for the modal share of cyclingM
odal
sha
re o
f cyc
ling
as a
tran
spor
t
Modal share of cycling on a weekday in September
Average modal share of cycling during a calendar year
City bikes as a part of a multimodal travel chain
At the first step, 50 stations in the down town area
Responsible for the system Communications & marketing Realization of the system Main sponsor
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
14
The network will be expanded in 2017 with a 100 new stations
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
15
Winter cycling
All the same benefits can be reached by furthering cycling during winter, as during the rest of the year.
It´s justifiable to further winter cycling so that the infrastructure that´s being built for cycling could be used all year round.
In Denmark winter cycling is seen as really important. The capacity of they public transportation system and car infrastructure could simply not deal with the increase in users if most cyclist would stop cycling during the winter.
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
16
Towards the goals by sharing experiences
Picture from Oulu, www.kulkulaari.fi
The method used in northern Finland: Paths with hard packed snow and
gritting if needed The friction achieved is sufficient Requires subzero temperatures
trough out the winter so that the packed snow won´t melt during the winter Was not tried in Helsinki due to
the climate being to warm and changeable
Towards the goals by improving methods
Baana 2016, Helsinki Picture: Martti Tulenheimo
Central European method:• Brushing and spreading salt/salt solution • Only brushing would not keep de paths deiced, thus salting is
needed• Works best when there is no vast amounts of snow and with
temperatures fluctuating around 0 °C
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
17
Winter maintenance pilot on cycle paths 2015-2016
and the upcoming winter 2016-2017
Current quality standards Bike paths:
Plowed by 7 o’clock: 410 km Plowed by 10 o’clock: 1 200 km Plowed by 12 o’clock: 860 km
Plowing has to start, when layer of snow is more than 5 cm.
Picture: Jari Aho
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
18
Picture: Vesa Lindqvist
Picture: Benjamin Grönholm
Picture: Tero NorkolaPicture: Benjamin Grönholm
Picture: Richard Griffin
Picture: Richard Griffin
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
19
Why are we developing winter maintenance now?
One of the main objectives of the city of Helsinki is to increase the number of cyclists.
What winter maintenance quality standards are appropriate for increasing the number of winter cyclists?
What are the costs of better winter maintenance?
New route-specific winter maintenance methods
Baana – Helsinginkatu (3,1 km) Brushing New de-icing solution Granlux Potassium formate-liquid Eco-Melter
Helsinginkatu – Oulunkylä (5,6 km) Brushing Salt Picture: Reetta Keisanen / City Planning Department
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
20
New winter maintenance machines
Picture: Pertti Grönlund / StaraPicture: Tapio Keihänen
Co-operation with bicyclists
No separate surveillance or quality requirements Developments of methods and the pilot in general together with
Helsinki Cyclists. About 70 cyclists to provide feedback and assess quality.
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
21
Preliminary results
Granlux and Eco-Melter More eco-friendly than salt, especially for groundwater areas. We haven’t used Granlux or Eco-Melter diluted. This has had an effect on consumption and thus increased the
costs. Costs compared to salt are tenfold. Cyclists have reported that these materials might make snow
sticky so that the snow sticks to the bike and hampers cycling.
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
22
Anti-skid using salt
When compared to using gravel, salt has to be applied more often, which increases costs.
Works well in near-zero-temperatures. The route had a good winter maintenance level
also at very low temperatures. Salt has performed just as well as Granlux and potassium formate.
Salt has negative environmental effects and might cause some problems to dog paws.
We have used both a salt solution and coarse salt.
Brushing snow
Brushing is essential to achieving better quality. Brushing is about 2-4 times slower than plowing. The new machine doesn’t have other uses e.g. in summer. The new machine is big and long, and thus cannot be used in narrow
streets.
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
23
Feedback
The cyclist amounts on the brush salted route rose significantly in the end of year 2015. There was a slight dip in cyclist in January 2016 but February had again more cyclist than at the same time the previous years. • Winter cycling has grown significantly when we look at the long time
trend.• Really cold weather in the begging of 2016 slowed down the eager for
cycling.• All in all the rise in cyclist on the pilot route was 18% during the whole
winter compared to the winter of 2014-2015.
Results from the first winter
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
24
Summary
Better winter maintenance quality is clearly more expensive than current quality. The pilot expenses are about 150 000 €/route where as the “normal” costs are around 90 000 € for the same route for the whole winter (not including transporting snow).
In acquiring cyclist-friendly winter maintenance brushing is in a central role.
The pathway is to be built with high quality, drainage needs to be well executed.
There are no considerable differences in the quality of the winter maintenance between the different melting solutions. Due to the high costs Helsinki will continue the pilot on all stretches with salt.
Summary Feedback was mainly positive. Some people don´t prefer the salt
but still most do. The piloting will continue in 2016-2017 with at least on more
route. The aim is to have 40 kilometers of brushed and salted routes in
2019.
APWA 2016 PWX 8/18/2016
25
Comingwinter
2016-2017
Length12,1 km + 1,9 km
Length10,4km
Questions?
Kaisa KomulainenProject Manager
Helsinki Public Works [email protected]