SUBMITTED BY

VIKRAM SINGH11MSCGPB023

Department of Genetics& Plant breeding,

Allahabad school of Agriculture

Sam higginbottom institute of Agriculture,technology&sciences,

(Deemed-to-be university),

Allahabad-211007

SUBMITTED TODr.SHAILESH MARKERASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

MILLETS Millets are small seeded anuals belonging to the family

poaceae,were the first crops to be cultivated prior to plough

age. the millets are categorized into 2 groups

1.Major(Sorghum ,bajra )

2.Minor(finger,foxtail,proso,barnyard,rodomillet,littlemillets)

The predominant millets grown in India are as follows:

C.Name S.Nam e C.No Sorghum Sorghum bicolor 2n=20 Bajra Pennisetum glaucum 2n=14 Finger millet Eleusene coracana 2n=18 Kodo millet Paspalum sarobiculatum 2n=16

Proso millet Panicum miliaceum 2n=36 Little millet Panicum sumataense 2n=18 Foxtail millet Setaria italica 2n=18 Barnyard millet Echinochloa 2n=54

ferumentaceae

ORIGIN Sorghum = East central Africa Bajra = Senegal region(Africa) Ragi = India Kodo millet = South east Asia Proso millet = India Little millet = Asia Foxtail millet = China and central Asia Barn yard millet = Central Asia

DISTRIBUTION:Sorghum= Maharastra,Andhra pradesh,Karnataka,Madya

pradesh,Gujarat

Bajra= Assam,West bengal,Orissa,Rajastan Gujarat,Uttrr pradesh.

Finger millet= Karnataka,Andhra pradesh,Tamil nadu,Himachal pradesh.

Kodo millet= Karnataka Andhra pradhesh, Tamil nadu,Uttar pradhesh

Proso millet=Madya pradesh,East uttar

pradesh,Bihar,Maharastra

Little millet=Jarkhand,Orissa,Gujarat,Andhra

pradesh,Maharastra

Foxtail millet=Karnataka,Uttarkhand,Andhra

pradesh,Uttar pradesh

Barnyard millet=Madhya pradhesh,Tamil nadu

NATURE OF POLLINATION

Millets are mostly a cross pollinated but there are some millets

which falls under self pollination and often cross

pollination.Millets which are self pollinated includes-Foxtail

milletand Finger millet,Joweris a cross pollinted spps.

BREEDING METHODS The breeding methods in millets are of the following:

1.SELF POLLINATION Mass selection Bulk method Single seed desent method Pure line selection Pedigree method

Back cross method Ex;Foxtail millet and Finger millet 2.Cross pollination

1.Intra population improvement Mass selection’ Modified mass selection Haif sib selection with test cross Recurrent selection

2.Inter population improvement a)Reciprocal recurrent selection

1.Half sib reciprocal recurrent selection

2.Full sib recipprocal recurrent selection

Ex;Pearl millet

CULTIARS\VARIETIES Sorghum=csh16,csh17,csh18,csh1,csh2.

Bajra=pusa23,HHB67,icmh356,HHb50

Kodo millet=Gpuk3,Gk2,Jk48,Kmv20,KK2.

Ragi=suraj,vr708,vl149,gpu26,tnau946. Proso millet=Nagarjuna,Br7,Gpup8,Bhavya Little millet=Tnau63,sushma,co2,olm36,Brissa

gandhi Foxtail millet=sia 326,chitra,ps4,Tnau Barnyard millet=vl172,rau11,vl181,Kanchan

References; 1.Principles of plant breeding-B.D singh

2.Hand book of Agriculture-ICAR

Thanks