Slide 1

VIET SOUND SYSTEM Part 4

m

noodles

BBelgium

nghito suspect

4

nghTto rest

nghto think

ngheto listen

bbaby

bto break

ngto sleep

ngon delicious(Ending consonant in the word above will be focused more in later units.)

11

uswing

u papaya

cfemale teacher

cneck

cto have

16

c

to grass

nhogrape

nhsmall

ngalley

cold

c to nominate

ngn nglanguage

mto dream

mto open

nhto remember

csize

a

bathree

bgrandmother

nh cows

house

NgaRussia

ngto fall

h

hhousehold

hlake

kh

khdry

khdifficult

khmonkey

g

gchicken

44

gwood

gh

ghito take note

gh chair

48low-dipping-rising/mid-dipping-risingSymbolExampleDescriptionnghlow-dipping-rising (thanh hi)The voice starts quite low, dips slightly, and then rises to a higher level. (Northern Variant)mid-dipping-rising (thanh hi)The voice starts lower than level tone (ma), dips slightly and rises above level tone but not as high as high rising (m). (Southern Variant)

high-broken/mid-dipping-risingSymbolExampleDescriptionnghhigh-broken (thanh ng)The voice starts just a little above the middle of the normal speaking voice, dips down a little with tense glottal stricture, then rises abruptly. (Northern Variant)mid-dipping-rising (thanh ng)Same as thanh hi (Southern Variant)

Low/mid-dipping-rising and high-brokenSymbolExampleDescriptionnghlow-dipping-rising (thanh hi)The voice starts quite low, dips slightly, and then rises to a higher level. (Northern Variant)mid-dipping-rising (thanh hi)The voice starts lower than level tone (ma), dips slightly and rises above level tone but not as high as high rising (m). (Southern Variant)nghhigh-broken (thanh ng)The voice starts just a little above the middle of the normal speaking voice, dips down a little with tense glottal stricture, then rises abruptly. (Northern Variant)mid-dipping-rising (thanh ng)Same as thanh hi (Southern Variant)

End of Part 4