1"

OFFICIAL WEEKLY BULLETIN OF THE AGENCIES IN THE OFFICE FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

WASHINGTON, D. C. FEBRUARY 17, 1942 VOLUME 3, NUMBER 7

WAR EFFORT INDICESMANPOWERNational labor force, Jan 62,400,000Unemployed, Jan 4, 200, 000Nonagrlcultural workers, Dec t40, 963, 000Percent Increase since June 1940 14Farm employment, Jan. 1, 1942-. 8, 663, 000Percent decrease since June 1940 28

FINANCE(/„ m aiiona

June 1940 to latest reporting date of dollars)

Authorized program, Jan. 81 '89, 087Total disbursements, Jan. 81 *17, 528

PRODUCTION (In millionsJune 1940 to latest reporting date of dollars)

Paid on contracts, Jan. 31 *14, 160Gov. commitments for plant ex-

pansion; 738 projects, Dec. 81. 5, 885Private commitments for plant

expansion; Dec. 31 1,826

Week ended Feb. 14, 1941 Strikes WorkersSignificant strikes in progress

during week 8 2,800Number settled 7 2, 000

•Preliminary.tPrellminary Revision.

SINCE PEAKL HARBOR:

3,600,000

3,58?,

F243,300

U.S.ARMYIDECEMBER t942

OCTOBER 1941 j

JUNE 1940 J•«9»

Conversion is the only straight, fast

road to victory, Nelson tells industry

Donald M. Nelson, head of the WarProduction Board, February 8 told Amer-ican Industry that its facilities must beconverted to war production or essential

civilian needs with increasing speed. Hesaid:

Production goals set by the President

are high, but the stakes in this struggle

—

freedom and democracy—are muchhigher.

These goals must be attained.

Conversion must be the industrial evo-

lution of 1942.

Hitler and his Axis satellites converted

years ago. We have only a fraction of

the time they enjoyed.

The War Production Board has studied

carefully the President's blueprint for

victory which calls for the production of

60,000 airplanes, 45,000 tanks, 20,000

antiaircraft guns, and 8,000,000 tons of

shipping during 1942.

"Sweeping action" needed

The Board has been working inten-

sively to translate these production goals

into exact requirements in terms of ma-terials, manpower, and machines.

This work has progressed to the point

where it is now clear that the 2-year

production schedule can be fulfilled only

by sweeping action. The only course

open to the War Production Board is to

convert many plants now manufacturing

peacetime goods to the production of

munitions. There is no time to build

new plants; there are not enough mate-

rials to go around; there Is not enoughmanpower to duplicate our productive

resources. Conversion is the onlystraight, fast road to victory.

This will be our principal goal for the

next 6 months.Plants which have turned out civilian

products can in many cases be adapted

REFRIGERATOR production to endApril 30 for swing to war. Page 5.

RADIO INDUSTRY has "three or four

months" to convert. Page 4.

to war production, as England discovered

after Dunkirk.

The War Production Board has started

with conversion programs, now underway in the automobile, refrigerator, andtypewriter industries. Many other in-

dustries have converted part of their

facilities due to previous curtailment

orders and in such cases a far larger pro-

portion of their facilities must be devoted

to war work. Still other industries,

which have not produced munitions at

all in the past, will be called to Washing-ton in the course of the next few weeks

to take on their share of the war job.

Speed is essential, for any lagging in

the conversion effort may lead directly to

the death of American fighting men.

The Government will help. Field of-

ficers will give advice and assistance on

subcontracting; the War Production

Board's new Division of Industry Opera-

tions, with branch chiefs for all indus-

tries, will speed conversion of industries

and plants. . .

Conversion is our Number One problem.

443468*—42

• VICTORY • February 17, 1942

Review of the Week

Marching down Chairman Nelson's

"only straight, fast road to victory," the

War Production Board last week in-

formed the refrigerator industry it will

have to stop making refrigerators after

April 30 and devote all its energies to the

war. (A price ceiling on refrigerators

beat this order by a few days.) Earlier

in the week radio manufacturers were

told they would have to follow the auto-

mobile and typewriter makers into pro-

duction of weapons—and one WPB offi-

cial warned that if the radio factories

are not turning out war goods in 3 or 4

months, their labor and equipment prob-

ably will have to be shifted to some place

where the job can be done.

Into the hopper

But even our great industrial plant

fully mobilized could not make 60,000

planes and 45,000 tanks this year without

metals, cloth, rubber. And so the war

organization last week invoked its ex-

traordinary powers to get materials also.

As Mr. Nelson and Commerce Secretary

Jones proclaimed that the rubber we can

expect will just care for our 2-year arma-

ment plans and the barest civilian essen-

tials, rationing of recapped tires was or-

dered. WPB issued specifications re-

ducing the amount of new rubber in

everything from treads to raincoats. The

Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs

and the Board of Economic Warfare sent

a corps of technicians to scour the Ama-zon Valley for wild rubber and to help

our neighbor nations produce more of the

metals that make arms and the oils that

make explosives and food.

WPB issued a list of products which

may be packed in tin cans—many famil-

iar things were missing—and the sizes

in which they may be put up. (.That's

no excuse for raising prices, Price Ad-

ministrator Henderson warned.) All tin

in the hands of jewelers was frozen. At

the same time WPB's Bureau of Indus-

trial Conservation announced a test proj-

ect to reclaim tin from used cans. Only

householders near the plants can help in

this, or in a more immediately useful en-

terprise to shred cans which will precipi-

tate copper from mine waters.

Invitation to produce

Mr. Henderson and Materials Director

Batt revealed that mine operators will be

paid premiums for all copper, lead, and

zinc, in excess of quotas, produced from

February 1 on. (Quotas are to be fixed

near the greatest reasonable output at

established market prices.) The Director

of Industry Operations raised a rating to

A-l-a to rush materials for the Texas

smelter that will take tin from Bolivian

ores and from Far Eastern stocks received

since the war started.

In further action on materials, WPBinformed aluminum-working plants it is

vital to war production that they them-selves sort the scrap falling from their

machines. Stocks of corundum, whichgrinds lenses, were put under allocation.

Further along in the industrial process,

Industry Operations gave top ratings for

repairs on mills which roll, draw or ex-

trude copper or copper-base alloys. WPBordered plumbing and heating manufac-turers to simplify iron, brass, and bronze

valves to save metal. The sale of copper

and copper products by mills, warehouses,

and foundries was limited to ratings of

A-10 or higher.

The power of requisition

WPB ordered nonwar processors to get

ready immediately to sell their raw silk

to the Defense Supplies Corporation

(requisition is the alternative) and took

control of all raw silk to see that even

after it is in the parachute factories it

is used in the best possible way. Thecivilian clothing trade was warned that

WPB could allocate supplies if specu-

lative inventories are built up and dis-

turb fair distribution. Arrangementswere made to furnish worsted manufac-turers with rayon to educate them in

blending the synthetic with wool.

Besides its activity in heavy industry,

the Office of Price Administration

slashed at prices of drugs and chemicals

of concern to every household. Withceilings imposed late last week on aspirin

and citric acid, OPA added maximumlimits on salicylic acid and vitamin C.

Mr. Henderson quoted top fair prices for

nicotine sulphate, which kills vegetable-

destroying insects. WPB contributed by

conserving vitamin A for the most hene-

flcial human use, and freezing all sup-

plies of agar.

OPA also put a ceiling on domestic oil

storage tanks, and on cast iron soil pipe,

which is needed for defense housing andfactory construction. Asphalt and as-

phalt products were brought under the

petroleum roof at higher prices than the

voluntary agreements had permitted; all

types of rayon grey goods not already

covered were brought in; "dollars per

dozen" maximum prices were set for

Nylon stockings.

Other OPA actions and interpretations

affected iron and steel scrap, mercury,

lead, petroleum products, poplin, usedburlap, bed linens, rayon, waste, combedcotton yarns, cocoa, coffee, pepper, tires,

and Douglas fir plywood.

Around the clock

Labor Director Hillman praised the

result of the first full-scale Sunday oper-

ations in the West Coast shipyards. TheWar Labor Board meanwhile handed

down its first two decisions—in the Alu-

minum Co. of America and Federated

Fishing Boat's disputes.

Purchases Director MacKeachie ex-

plained to the Senate committee inves-

tigating defense a new contract review

system which WPB will set up to check

on the efficiency of war production.

Fiorello LaGuardia resigned as direc-

tor of civilian defense, and President

Roosevelt announced he v/ould appoint

OCD Executive James M. Landis in his

place. Mr. Landis told the press he was

Investigating the question of whether the

controversial physical fitness program

belongs in OCD.

• * *

WAR EFFORT'S PROGRESS

TOLD VISUALLY

The charts appearing every week on

the front cover of Victory tell the story

of America's battle as it is fought here at

home. One-column mats are available

for publication by newspapers and others

who may desire them. Requests should

be sent to Distribution Section, Division

of Information, OEM, Washington, D. C.

VICTORYOFFICIAL BULLETIN of the Office for Emergency

Management. Published weekly by the Division of

Information, Office for Emergency Management, and

printed at the United States Government Printing

Office, Washington, D. O.

Subscription rates by mall: 76* for 52 Issues; 25*

(or 13 Issues; single copies 5*, payable In advance.

Remit money order payable directly to the Superin-

tendent of Documents, Government Printing Office,

Washington, D. O.

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY •

On the Home Front

And now we're rationing the retreads.

Now great presses grind out ration books

for sugar. Now we're saving tin andthis, like all the other measures toward

Victory, measures present and to come,

will change our habits and our lives.

The pioneer spirit

Emergencies stimulate ingenuity.

That's why our pioneers, who lived in a

continuing crisis, accomplished so much.The War Production Board's recent an-

nouncement that two important jobs

have been found for our empty tin cans

affords fresh proof of this fact. Fresh

proof, too, of our grave need for all kinds

of metal.

Both these jobs for used tin cans re-

quire cooperation of the Home Front, al-

though at the moment this need for

cooperation is restricted to a few areas.

One job is fairly obvious—"detinning"

to reclaim both tin and steel. This is

being done near Pittsburgh and Sewaren,

N. J. and new plants may be built else-

where.

The tin can's second assignment, how-ever, is quite another thing. The tin

can is going to work in the copper miningindustry. Cans cleaned and shredded

at Kansas City, Dallas, and Houston will

be shipped off to the mines. There wa-ter carrying copper sulphate flows over

the shredded cans, precipitating copper.

Expected output: 2,000 tons a month.

Housewives living in these detinning

and shredding areas are asked to save

their tin cans; eventually most of us maybe doing this.

More savings on tin

At the same time WPB attacked the

problem of tin scarcity from the other

end of the line, abolishing for the dura-

tion, certain uses of tin cans, restricting

use of cans for a number of other pur-

poses, establishing specifications calling

for thinner coatings of tin on all cans

except those which must be resistant to

acid. This will save about 40 percent of

the tin used last year without affecting

the consumer in any really vital way.

Dog food won't be canned, or beer, but

there'll be tin for vegetables and fruit

and the more important meat products.

People who hope to make a speculative

profit out of the war's impact on their

fellow Americans are apt to find it toughsledding. Here are some of the recent

steps taken by WPB and OPA to guardyou against unfairly high prices and theNation against inflation:

The medicine chest—OPA put a ceil-

ing over citric acid, used for flavoring

food and beverages and in drug prepara-tions, to halt speculative advances whichbrought resales at prices three timeshigher than those of producers . . .

OPA took similar action on the raw ma-terial for aspirin and other remedies, andfor the same reason . . . WPBissued an order designed to save the sup-ply of highly concentrated Vitamin Afor human consumption—some of it hasbeen going into feeds for stock and poul-

try—while OPA fixed maximum prices

for synthetic Vitamin C ... in

some cases prices had risen to double

those charged by the producers . . .

Shortage of fruits and vegetables over-

seas has increased demand . . .

WPB froze stocks of agar, a sort of jelly

extracted from seaweed used in candy,laxatives, ice cream, dental forms.

Fair distribution of clothing

In the clothing field, WPB warned that

wholesalers and retailers who acquire ab-

normally large stocks merely increase

likelihood that WPB will take over dis-

tribution of supplies among all job-

bers, wholesalers, retailers . . . AndOPA established a permanent maximum"dollars per dozen" price for manufac-turers of Nylon hosiery, fixed existing

manufacturers' prices for mechanical re-

frigerators as maximum, put a ceiling

over domestic fuel oil storage tanks,

asked manufacturers of vitreous china

and enameled cast iron plumbing fix-

tures, along with makers of cast iron

boilers and radiators, to withhold threat-

ened price increases . . . Manu-facturers of rubber soles and heels re-

ceived a similar request.

The more explosives, the more soap

Military demand for glycerine proba-bly will insure plenty of soap, since soapmay be regarded as a byproduct of

glycerine manufacture . . . But It

won't be as slippery—almost no glycerine

In it ... A salvage drive to save

grease and food fats for glycerine makingis coming soon . . . Glycerine is animportant ingredient in the manufactureof explosives . . . WPB has made it

easier for the farmer to get repair andmaintenance parts for his machinery,

through higher priority ratings . . .

Many of the things we use are going to

come up the reddish blue of ultramarine

rather than the blue-green of co-

balt . . . Bottles, enamelware, inks.

fabrics, dyes, paints, and stains . . ,

Cobalt is an important steel alloy, andscarce ... We get most of it fromAfrica in normal times . . . WPB'shealth supplies branch recommendsinch-wide strips from old bedsheets,

homemade paste, to shatter-proof win-dows against bombs.

• * *

Funds authorized, requested

for war: $141,600,000,000

The total of authorized expenditures

for war, plus net funds requested for

war purposes now before Congress, total

an estimated $141,600,000,000, the WarProduction Board announced February13.

With the approval by the President

on February 7 of the Navy Appropriation

Act of $21,000,000,000 net funds, the total

of all Congressional cash appropriations

and contract authorizations for war pur-poses came to $105,000,000,000. In addi-

tion, there were Reconstruction FinanceCorporation commitments for war ob-jectives of $5,130,000,000.

Pending before Congress February 13

were requests from the President for

$21,969,000,000 in net funds for the WarDepartment and $3,852,000,000 for the

Maritime Commission. The new Lend-Lease bill called for an additional $5,430,-

000,000, and the First Deficiency bill re-

quested $32,000,000 of net war funds. Arevised estimate of the net money for

war uses in the Independent Offices bill

was $188,000,000.

* * *

IN THIS ISSUE

INDUSTRIAL OPERATIONSConverting the radio industry 4

Weapons to replace refrigerators.

_

5

Many products to get no cans 6

PRICE ADMINISTRATIONRecapped tires to be rationed 8

Refrigerator prices curbed 10

LABORAluminum, fish, boat decisions 16

AGRICULTUREEngland's food improves 18

INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRSThe search for rubber and metals.. 19

PURCHASESWar contracts to be reviewed 24

CrVTLIAN DEFENSELandis looks at policies 80

• VICTORY • February 17, 1942

INDUSTRIAL OPERATIONS .

.

Radio industry learns it must convert

to war or have facilities dispersed

The radio manufacturing industry,

whose civilian output already has been

cut to 40 percent below last year's total,

was told February 13 it is next in line

for conversion to the production of war

material.

Speaking before a meeting of repre-

sentatives of 55 set manufacturers, R. R.

Guthrie, assistant chief, Bureau of In-

dustry Branches, said the radio makers

will be converted "as rapidly as is tech-

nically possible."

While no dead line was set, it is ex-

pected that the major part of the job

will be done within 3 months. A pro-

gram for conversion will be drawn after

conferences between representatives of

the industry and Government.

Demanding the utmost now

"The problems of your industry in the

war effort are at once difficult and press-

ing," Mr. Guthrie said. "The strate-

gical objectives, and the broad dimen-

sions of the task before you, are clear.

It should be as gratifying to you as it is

to me that these objectives and dimen-

sions are no longer subject to change

with the fortunes of war. We are, thank

God, out of the period in which each

succeeding military reverse meant a re-

vision of our estimates of what we must

do. We are demanding the utmost of

your industry, and of every other in-

dustry, now.

"That utmost will mean for some of

you a substantial but not entirely un-

familiar task of converting your produc-

tion to the production of radio, signal

corps, detection, and similar equipment

needed in enormous volume for the

armed forces. This conversion will be

accomplished as rapidly as is techni-

cally possible. But for very many others

in the industry the nature of the pres-

ent production process appears to makeconversion of this kind impracticable.

This does not mean that conversion to

war products must not be accomplished.

You must, with our help, find some other

products, for which there is a need quite

unrelated, it may be, to your present

products, for which there is a need in

the war economy.

"If, 3 or 4 months from now, conver-

sion to war products is still not accom-

plished, it will be impossible to assume

any longer that some kind of conversion

of the type of organization of plant,

equipment, labor, and managementwhich constitutes a radio factory is

feasible. It would be a frightful loss, a

great cost to the Nation, if this were to

happen, because we should then have to

take steps to break down the organiza-

tion of the unconverted plants, and shift

their labor and equipment to other parts

of the economy where they could be

mobilized for war production."

* * *

Three companies suspended

for breach of aluminum order

Suspension orders were issued Febru-

ary 10 against three companies which re-

ceived or delivered aluminum scrap in

violation of priority orders, the Division

of Industry Operations announced.

National Pressure Cooker Co., Eau Claire,

Wis., accepted delivery of 740,856 pounds of

aluminum scrap between July and November1941, in direct violation of SupplementaryOrder M-l-c, since no preference rating hadbeen assigned to such deliveries. As a re-

sult, aluminum was diverted from primarydefense needs to nonessential uses. By the

terms of Suspension Order S-8, issued by the

Division of Industry Operations, NationalPressure Cooker Co. is forbidden to receive

or deliver aluminum or aluminum productsfor a period of 2 months unless specifically

authorized by the Director of Industry Oper-ations. The company Is also forbidden to

process any aluminum between February 20

and March 10, or to accept purchase orders

for aluminum or aluminum products while

the Suspension Order is In effect.

New England Metals Co., Providence,

R. I., which delivered approximately 555,000

pounds of aluminum scrap to National Pres-

sure Cooker Co. between August 1 and No-vember 30. 1941, in violation of priority or-

ders, is forbidden to accept purchase orders

for or deliveries of aluminum, and is also

forbidden to make deliveries of aluminum for

a period of 2 months beginning February 10.

These prohibitions are contained in Suspen-sion Order S-9.

A. B. C. Pattern & Foundry Co., Chicago,

accepted delivery of 17,510 pounds of alu-

minum scrap between July 24 and November1, 1941. without a preference rating, and also

made a misrepresentation to the Office of

Production Management concerning these

deliveries. The company is forbidden by Sus-pension Order S-12 to reeeive.. deliver, or

accept purchase orders for aluminum or

aluminum products for 2 months, and is for-

bidden to process any aluminum betweenFebruary 20 and March 10.

All persons are forbidden to deliver alu-

minum to, or accept deliveries from, any of

the three companies while the suspensionorders are in effect without express authori-

zation from the Director of Industry Oper-ations.

All raw silk in U. S.

taken for war production

under WPB control

The War Production Board moved

February 9 to take over for war use all

raw silk in the United States which was

not already available for that purpose.

In its first comprehensive requisition-

ing action, the Inventory and Requisi-

tioning Section of the Board sent wires

to 146 processors, none of whom were

believed to have war contracts, ordering

them to make arrangements within 48

hours to sell their entire holdings of rawsilk to the Defense Supplies Corporation

at the ceiling prices established by the

Office of Price Administration. The ac-

tion is one of a number now in process

to make idle and excessive inventories of

scarce materials available promptly for

war production.

The processors were warned in the

telegram that those who did not volun-

tarily make their stocks available to the

Defense Supplies Corporation would have

them seized under the requisitioning au-

thority of the War Production Board.

It was pointed out that where voluntary

sales of materials and property necessary

for war use can be arranged, the Gov-ernment will in all instances pay ceiling

prices. It was indicated, however, that

where requisitioning action becomes nec-

essary, the price will be no higher than

the ceiling and may, because of adminis-

trative cost involved in carrying out

seizures, be somewhat less.

The move insures 100-percent diversion

to naval and military needs.

Entire supply put under WPB control

WPB on February 10 took complete

control of the entire raw silk supply in

this country.

In a third amendment to Silk Order

M-22, WPB ordered that:

1. No sale of raw silk may hereafter bemade except to and by the Defense Supplies

Corporation.2. Until February 23 silk previously pur-

chased may still be delivered to parachutemanufacturers, if available. After February22 all deliveries must be made to the DefenseSupplies Corporation, which in turn will

make available whatever quantity of raw

silk is required by a parachute manufactur-ing plant to complete an order.

3. After March 1, no silk may be used in

the manufacture of parachutes until the

grade and type has been approved by the

Defense Supplies Corporation. This is to

make sure that certain top grade silks are

conserved for the canopies of parachutes

and are not used in the shroud lines or in

the cores of shroud lines.

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY •

U. S. court suspends firm

pending injunction action

to force access to books

In the first action of its kind yet taken,

Federal attorneys acting in Chicago for

the War Production Board, on February

13 asked and obtained an order tempo-

rarily suspending operations In cadmiumand nickel by the Chicago Alloy Products

Co., pending hearing on an injunction

petition against the company. The or-

der was issued by Federal Judge John P.

Barnes and immediately served on the

company.

The Injunction, If granted, would re-

strain the company from interfering with

agents of the WPB in enforcing a formal

order issued February 9 by Director J. S.

Knowlson, Division of Industry Opera-

tions, directing the company to afford

access to its premises for inspection of

Its inventories, books, and records.

The Government's petition alleged

that the company was negotiating deals

without priority sanction and at prices

far In excess of the maximum prices es-

tablished by the Administrator of the

Office of Price Administration.

The court order issued February 13 en-

Joins the Chicago Alloy Products Co., 714

West Liberty Street, from selling, dispos-

ing, moving, or concealing its supplies of

nickel or cadmium, until action Is taken

on the injunction petition.

Power to obtain information on inven-

tories and supplies through inspection is

provided In the statutes established In

the priorities system of the War Produc-tion Board.

• * •

Aid to air lines goes

beyond flight materials

The Division of Industry OperationsFebruary 11 issued Interpretation No. 1

of Preference Rating Order P-47, whichmakes it clear that the preference ratings

assigned under the order may be applied

to deliveries of such necessary articles of

airline operation as maintenance equip-

ment, ground radios, tools, and essential

office machinery, as well as to materialwhich is to be physically incorporated in

a plane.

Some suppliers have been refusing to

make deliveries to air lines, to whom thebenefit of the order ha~ been extended,

of any material not essential to actual

flight.

Refrigerator production to end April 30;

war contracts in sight for 90 percent

of plant; manufacturers' stocks frozenAmerica's domestic mechanical refrig-

erator industry is being sent to war.

At a meeting February 15 of the In-

dustry advisory committee, the WarProduction Board announced: -

1. All stocks of new refrigerators ex-

cept those in the hands of retailers or

actually in transit to retailers wereordered frozen as of 10 a. m., EWT.,Saturday. Retailers may sell one-twelfth the number of new refrigera-

tors they sold in 1941 or 100 newrefrigerators, whichever is greater,

after which the freeze will auto-

matically apply to stocks held by them.Manufacturers or distributors maysell, lease, trade, lend, deliver, ship, or

transfer new refrigerators only underspecific authorization by WPB.

2. An order will be issued shortly

requiring cessation of all refrigerator

production after April 30. Refrigera-

tors now frozen and those to be pro-

duced between now and the closing

date will form a pool of approximately

750,000 refrigerators to meet military

and highly essential civilian needs.

Biggest factor in WPB's program to

expedite conversion of the industry to

100 percent war work is that contracts

already held plus contracts expected bythe industry will result in the use of ap-

proximately 70 percent of plants andmanpower for output of war goods.

May speed output for present

Under the terms of the forthcoming

stop-production order, manufacturers

will be permitted between February 15

and April 30 to make three times as manyrefrigerators as are allowed under the

existing production quota. The indus-

try's quota for this month is 163,000 units.

In the next 2 l/2 months, it will be per-

mitted to produce 489,000 units.

It is intended that the refrigerators to

be produced should be made from ma-terials now in inventories, but Jesse L.

Maury, Government presiding officer andchief of the electrical appliances and con-

sumers' durable goods branch, said that

relief might be granted in cases whereonly a small amount of scarce materials

was required to balance inventories.

Mr. Maury said that no restrictions

would be placed on the manufacture of

spare parts to keep refrigerators now in

use in good running order.

He agreed to consider an industryrecommendation that the "freeze" orderbe modified to permit sales or deliveries

of new refrigesators by manufacturersto distributors so that there could bewider use of warehouse facilities. A newrefrigerator was defined in the order asone which has never been used by anultimate consumer.

The mechanical refrigerator industryhas an estimated 36,000 workers. Its

factory sales last year were 3,700,000 unitsworth $280,000,000. The industry is aphenomenon of the post World War Iera, and there was little production be-fore 1926.

Already sharply curtailed

The industry has been operating sinceAugust 1, 1941, under Limitation OrdersL-5 and L-5-a, which sharply curtailedproduction below average monthly fac-tory sales during the 12 months endedJune 30, 1941.

In order to assist the industry in con-verting the remaining facilities possible

to war production, Army and Navy offi-

cers and WPB contract distribution offi-

cials have arranged to meet with industry

engineers in Cleveland, Ohio, on Febru-ary 18, to discuss plant and labor facili-

ties and to go over the "shopping list"

prepared by the armed forces.

The industry reports that it now holds

or expects to obtain contracts which will

result in the use of approximately 90 per-

cent of the industry's plants, organiza-

tion, and personnel.

• * *

Prize pictures show

America at war

Results of America's first wartime art

competition, which produced a remark-

able collection of water colors andsketches showing America at work since

Pearl Harbor, were announced February

3 by the Division of Information, Office

for Emergency Management.

The paintings and drawings recom-

mended by the jury and purchased by

OEM will be exhibited in the National

Gallery in Washington till February 28.

Following that time the exhibit will be

shown in other parts of the country.

• VICTORY • February 17, 1942

40-percent cut ordered in tin for cans;

but unlimited pack, top maintenance

ratings granted for "primary" foods

The War Production Board on Febru-

ary 12 ordered a drastic reduction in the

manufacture, sale, delivery, and use of

tin cans. The action, embodied in Con-

servation Order M-81, is expected to re-

sult in a saving of approximately 40 per-

cent in the amount of tin used by the

canning industry compared with 1941.

Concurrently, the WPB issued Prefer-

ence Rating Order No. P-115 granting

high priority ratings to canners for re-

pairs, maintenance and expansions to

enable the canners to pack the fruits

and vegetables provided for in M-81. Arating of A-l-a—the highest possible-

is granted for emergency repairs to avert

spoilage of fruit or vegetables. A rating

of A-3 is granted for other repairs, main-

tenance and expansions. Previously the

canning industry operated within P-100

which carried a preference rating of

A-10.

15,500-ton saving expected

Last year more than 40,000 tons of

tin was used in the manufacture of tin-

plate for tin cans. The containers

branch estimates that the Feb. 12th

order will reduce such consumption in

1942 to 24.500 tons, a saving of at least

15,500 tons. Lend-Lease figures are not

included in either the 1941 or 1942 figures.

The order is based upon limiting the

amount of tin and tinplate which may be

used in the manufacture of cans. When-

ever a percentage is specified, it refers

to the amount of tinplate permitted

rather than to the number of cans or to

the quantity of food to be packed.

In general, small-sized cans are elim-

inated, resulting in a saving of about 7

percent. The bulk of the saving, how-

ever, will result from curtailment and

even elimination of the use of tin cans as

containers for products which can be

packed in cans of other materials or

which do not have to be canned at all

and from thinning the thickness of the

tinplate coating on virtually all cans.

No limit on "primary" class

The order places all cans in four cat-

egories. All products to be packed in

the cans are grouped in three tables. A"Primary Products Can" is a can used

to pack any product listed in Table 1.

A "Secondary Products Can" is a can

used to pack any product listed in Table

2. A "Special Products Can" is a can

used to pack any product listed in

Table 3. A "Non-Essential Can" is a

can now used to pack any product not

listed in Tables 1, 2, or 3. There is no

difference in the cans as such—only

in the products that go into them.

In general. Primary Products Cans

will be used to pack fruits and vegetables

of primary importance. They represent

in the main products on which the De-

partment of Agriculture has set produc-

tion goals and which would spoil if not

canned when fresh. No limit is placed

by the order on the number of such cans

Some "secondary" can be dried

Secondary Products Cans will be used

to pack fruits and vegetables that are re-

garded as of secondary- importance.

Some of these products can be dried.

In general, these products are given as

much tinplate as was used for their 1940

pack.

Special Products Cans will be used to

pack important medical, chemical, den-

tal, and industrial products, and in gen-

eral, the production of these cans is lim-

ited to 100 percent of 1940.

Nonessential tin cans are cut 50 per-

cent for the remainder of February and

then discontinued entirely. Amongproducts in this group are beer, dog food,

dried beans of all kinds (including pork

and beans), baking powder, cereals and

flour, petroleum products, spices and

condiments, and tobacco.

A-2 rated orders unrestricted

None of the restrictions apply to pur-

chase orders bearing a higher than A-2

rating. Such orders may be filled

through packing all required quantities

of foodstuffs packed in tin, even though

the product (such as dried beans) is in

the nonessential category. In general,

this is intended to meet Armed Services

and Lend-Lease requirements.

Another list (Exhibit B) made a part

of the order lists products which are ex-

cluded from the prohibition against a

tinplate coating of more than 1.25 pounds

per base box of tinplate. A thickness

of 1.5 pounds is permitted. This is done

to assure a sufficient thickness of tin to

make it acid resistant. Products in this

list are sauerkraut, pureed vegetables

and fruits, berries, cherries, plums,

prunes, lemon juice, phenols and cresols,

glycerine, pectin, nicotine sulphate,

pickles, and jams, jellies, and preserves.

The order applies both to the canner

and the can manufacturer. It prohibits

any canner from buying, accepting de-

livery of, manufacturing, or using for

packing cans requiring more tin, tinplate,

or terneplate for any particular product

than is permitted under the order.

It prohibits a can manufacturer from

manufacturing, selling, or delivering any

cans except pursuant to contracts or or-

ders validated by affidavits from canners

as specified in the order.

Can manufacturers are ordered to co-

operate with tinplate mills in "effectu-

ating as rapidly and as completely as

possible" a program of reducing the

thickness of the tin coating on cans,

both by hot-dip coating and by electro-

lytic coating; and canners are required

to accept such cans. These cans, with

the exception just listed, will be limited

to tin coating with a pot-yield thickness

of not more than 1.25 pounds per base

box.

Can manufacturers are ordered fur-

ther to concentrate "to the greatest ex-

tent practicable" on the larger size cans;

to substitute, to the extent feasible and

practicable, containers made of other

material for containers made of tinplate

and terneplate; and to use a minimumamount of solder having the minimumtin content for sealing cans.

* * *

WPB freezes tin, tin-bearing

materials in hands of jewelers

The War Production Board February

14 froze all tin and tin-bearing mate-

rials in the hands of manufacturing jew-

elers, J. S. Knowlson, Director of Indus-

try Operations, announced.

Jewelers are prohibited from melting,

fabricating, assembling, or in any way

changing the form of tin in their posses-

sion, according to the terms of Amend-

ment No. 1 to Order M-43-a.

• • •

Fill Service orders first,

can manufacturers told

Can manufacturers who. on January

27, were given quotas for uses to which

cans may be put were ordered on Feb-

ruary 7, by Industry Operations Director

Knowlson, to fill Army and Navy orders

first and to ask for more tin or terne-

plate for this purpose, if necessary.

The instructions were contained in

a telegram to all can manufacturers.

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY •

No excuse for price rise

in canned goods—Henderson

Important canned foods will not be

affected by the reduction in the manu-facture and use of tin cans, ordered by

the War Production Board, and there

will be plentiful supplies of essential

canned fruits, vegetables, fish, milk, andother necessary foods, Price Adminis-

trator Henderson announced February

13. He also warned consumers anddealers that there is no justification for

Increased prices on canned foods.

"Supplies of canned foods now on store

shelves and in warehouses are more than

adequate to meet all our food require-

ments until after the 1942 crops are har-

vested, packed, and distributed to con-

sumers," Mr. Henderson reported. "Nor-

mal supplies are available and they

should be bought normally by con-

sumers, for current needs only.

Some supplies will be even bigger

"Practically all of last year's crop has

already been canned, so the reduction

ordered by WPB will not really affect

foods until the next canning season, the

peak of which will come next fall. Eventhen, essential foods will not be affected.

In some instances, the supplies will be

even larger."

In addition to saving tin for war, the

WPB order is intended to provide cansfor the increased supplies of basic foods

commonly used in every household. Pro-

duction of these staples is being greatly

increased under the United States De-partment of Agriculture's all-out food

production program. As examples, Mr.Henderson pointed out that there will beunrestricted canning of the total pro-

duction of peas, tomatoes, beans, corn,

asparagus, tomato juice, salmon, tunafish, evaporated milk, baby foods, andothers. Canning of other importantfoods will be restricted only where theyare readily obtainable In other contain-ers or in fresh and processed forms.

Some to be packed in glass

Less essential goods customarilypacked in tin will be available in glass,

paper and other containers.

* * *

MORE INDUSTRIAL

OPERATIONS NEWS

ON PAGES 25, 26, 27

List of products that may be cannedand quantities of tin permitted

A summary of lists 1, 2, and 3, show-ing products that may be canned andquantities of tin permitted for them ac-

cording to the regulations described onpage 6, follows:

TABLE I

Table No. 1, which lists products regardedas of primary Importance (unlimited can-ning) Includes fruits, vegetables, juices, mls-ceUaneous foods, including milk and milkproducts, and fish and shellfish.

Fruits in the table Include fruit cocktailand fruits for salad, peaches, pears, pectin,and grapefruit, lemon, lime and orangeconcentrates. Peaches and pears may notbe canned whole—to conserve space.

Vegetables in table 1 Include asparagus,beans, corn, peas, tomatoes and tomato prod-ucts (such as paste, sauce, pulp, catsup,chill sauce), and baby foods, such as vege-table purees and chopped foods.Beans must be packed fresh; dried beans

may not be packed. Only sweet corn maybe packed and It must be cut off the cob.Peas must be fresh green.

Juices in table 1 are limited to tomatoJuice. No fruit Juices are included. Therestriction on can sizes is well illustrated inrespect to tomato Juice. It is now packed Inmore than -30 sizes; under the order It Is

reduced to four sizes. The small, Individualsize container (under 12 ounces) is not per-mitted.

Fish and shellfish are limited to salmon,sardines, tuna and tunalike fishes, mackerel,alewives, fish flakes, and crab.

Miscellaneous foods Include cold packfoods, baby formulas, evaporated milk, drymilks, special dietary products, and dehy-drated vegetables.

TABLE II

The foodstuffs in this table will be packedin Secondary Cans—that is, cans restricted bythe order to 100 percent of the tlnplate usedto pack the 1940 production of the sameproducts. However, there are numerous ex-ceptions to even that limitation, and in mostsuch Instances, the restriction is greater thanthe general limitation for the group.

Fruits in this table Include apples andcrab apples, apple sauce, apricots, berries,

cherries, cocoanuts, cranberries, grapefruit,and combination of oranges and grapefruit,olives, peaches (freestone), pineapple, plums,and fresh prunes.

Apples and crab apples are limited to 75percent of the 1940 pack. Apricots may notbe canned whole and are limited to 75 per-cent of the 1940 pack. Olives include onlyripe olives and only 50 percent of the 1941pack may be canned. Plums and fresh prunesare limited to 50 percent of their 1940 pack.

Vegetables in table No. 2 include beets,carrots, carrots and peas, pimentos and pep-pers, pumpkin and squash, rhubarb, sauer-kraut, spinach and other green leafy vege-tables, succotash, okra, tomato products, andmixed vegetables.Products restricted beyond the 100 percent

limitation are : Beets, 75 percent of 1940 pack;carrots. 75 percent of 1940; carrots and peas,75 percent of 1940; pimentos and peppers, 50percent of 1940; pumpkin and squash, 50percent of 1940; rhubarb, 50 percent of 1940;sauerkraut, 50 percent of present bulk krautholding; mixed vegetables, 75 percent of 1940.

Juices in table 2 arer Lemon, lime, pine-apple, grapefruit, orange, combination ofgrapefruit and orange, and fruit nectar.Lemon Juice and lime Juice are limited to

50 percent of their 1940 pack. GrapefruitJuice, orange juice, and combination of grape-fruit and orange are allowed 125 percent oftheir 1940 pack.

Miscellaneous foods include canned con-densed soups; canned soups, broths andchowders; condensed milk, goats" milk;malted milks; frozen eggs; liquid oils; har-dened edible oils and unhardened or hardenedlard, rendered porkfat, and edible tallow;sweet syrups; evaporated milk; frozen andstorage cream.Canned condensed soup is permitted 100

percent of Its 1941 pack.Other soups, broths, and chowders, are per-

mitted only 25 percent of their 1940 pack andmay not be packed at all after June 30.Hardened edible oils may be packed at

100 percent of their 1940 rate until June 30and only 60 percent of their 1940 rate forthe remainder of the year.

All other miscellaneous foods In the listare permitted 100 percent of their 1940 packMeats in table 2 include beef, veal, mut-

ton; brains; chili con carne when not packedwith beans; meat loaf containing at least 90percent meat and no added water; meatspreads; sausages in casings; bulk sausagemeats; tongue; boned chicken or turkey;chopped luncheon meats; potted meat.

Brains are permitted 75 percent of 1940pack; meat loaf, 75 percent of 1940 pack;meat spreads, 50 percent of 1940; some sau-sages 75 percent, other 25 percent; tongue,75 percent; bulk sausage meats, 125 percent;chopped luncheon meats, 125 percent; pottedmeat, 125 percent; all others, 100 percent of1940 pack.Fish and shellfish included In table 2 are

shad, clams, mussels, oysters, shrimp; andthe following for refrigeration shipments:oysters, shrimp, clams, scallops, crabs, andfish fillets. The refrigeration products arepermitted 100 percent of their 1941 packs;the others, 100 percent of their 1940 pack.

TABLE mTable in, the special products cans, in-

cludes a long list of products for which var-ious amounts of tin plate and terneplate maybe used. They are restricted to 100 percentof their 1940 use unless otherwise stated.These products include alcohol, cements,chemicals, dyes, fire-extinguisher fluid,graphite, paints and accessories, health sup-plies, lubricating oils, mineral oil, nicotinesulphate, liquid soap, turpentine, liquidglues and pastes, glycerine, polish, waxes,dairy ware, disinfectants.For some products all tin plate is permit-

ted; for others, all terneplate; for still others,tin plate or terneplate is permitted for onlypart of a container, while black plate or othermaterial must be used for the remainder.(Tin plate is black plate or sheet steel platecoated with tin; terneplate is black platecoated with a lead-tin alloy)

.

Liquid soaps are permitted 50 percent oftheir 1940 pack; liquid glues and pastes. 50percent of 1940 in the smaller sizes, 100 per-cent in larger sizes; glycerine, 50 percent in6izes up to 1 gallon, 100 percent in sizes of1 gallon and larger; polish. 60 percent of 1940;waxes, 25 percent of 1940; dairy ware, 110percent of 1940; disinfectants, 50 percent of1940; paints and accessories, 50 percent of1940 in cans of less than 1 -gallon size.

All other products in list are permitted 100percent of their 1940 pack.

The restrictions on can sizes in all

groups become effective March 1, 1942.

The restrictions as to quantity becomeeffective at once.

• VICTORY * February 17, 1942

PRICE ADMINISTRATION . . .

Rationing of retreaded, recapped tires,

as well as processes, to begin February 19

Nation-wide rationing of retreaded

and recapped tires and the process of

retreading and recapping will begin

February 19, Price Administrator Hen-

derson announced February 11. It is

quite probable, he added, that there will

be no crude rubber available for retread-

ing, except for the small number of ve-

hicles already eligible to obtain new tires

and tubes.

"The amount, grade, and type of

'camelback'—the rubber compound used

to form a new tread on worn tires

—

manufactured is determined monthly by

the War Production Board," Mr. Hender-

son stated. "A certain amount will be

made each month to permit the retread-

ing or recapping of truck tires. None

will be available this month for the re-

treading of passenger car tires and, per-

haps none for the month of March.

"It is possible, and even probable, that

there will be no crude rubber available

for retreading of passenger car tires, ex-

cept for those vehicles already eligible to

buy new tires."

Rationing of retreaded and recapped

tires, the process of retreading and re-

capping, and of all grades and types of

camelback will be carried out by using

the same machinery now employed to

ration new tires and tubes. Tires for

passenger cars, trucks, buses, farm im-

plements, road-grading equipment, and

motorcycles are all subject to the ra-

tioning regulations. These regulations

have been revised substantially to en-

compass the new and greatly enlarged

program and copies have been sent to

every local rationing board.

Two eligibility lists, designated A and

B, are contained in the new regulations.

List A, except for the addition of clergy-

men, is generally the same as it has been

under the rationing plan for new tires.

List B is an addition confined exclusively

to vehicles eligible to apply for certifi-

cates for retreaded or recapped tires.

No List B vehicle will be able to obtain

a retread during February and, in the

case of passenger cars, possibly during

March also. List B truck-tire certifi-

cates will be issued only during the last

several days of each month and then

only if any retreads are left over after

the demands of List A truck eligibles

have been satisfied.

"The eligible classes in List B are not

automatically qualified to purchase re-

treaded or recapped tires," Mr. Hender-

son said. "The regulations require any-

one on List B to establish to the satis-

faction of the local board that his car

is used exclusively on service essential

to the community and to the Nation. . .

And, with supplies of camelback severely

limited, only a few of those who can

qualify are likely to get retreaded tires."

LISTB(a) A passenger car used principally

to provide one or more of the following

transportation services:

(1) Licensed Jitney, taxi, or similar

transportation service to the general

public;

(2) Transportation of persons to enablethem to render construction or mechani-cal, structural, or highway repair mainte-nance services;

(3) Transportation of executives, engi-neers, technicians, and workers to andfrom, or within, such of the following as

are essential to the war effort: power gen-eration or transmission facilities, trans-portation or communication facilities, oragricultural, extractive, industrial, military,

or naval establishments;(4) Transportation on official business

of Federal, State, or local government em-ployees engaged in the performance ofGovernment functions essential to thepublic health, safety, or the war effort;

(5) Transportation of produce and sup-plies to and from the farm if an applicantoperating such farm does not own or pos-sess a truck or other practicable means of

transportation;(6) Transportation of traveling salesmen

who are engaged In the sale of farm, ex-tractive, or Industrial equipment, foods ormedical supplies, the distribution of whichis essential to the war effort;

(7) Transportation of newspapers for

wholesale delivery: Provided, That a pas-senger automobile to be eligible under thisparagraph must be used exclusively for

one or more of the purposes In this sub-section (a)

;

(b) Trucks used for any important

purpose not included in List A.

The effective date of the plan—Febru-

ary 19—was selected in order that all

persons who now have tire carcasses in

retreading establishments for retreading

or recapping can arrange either to have

the work finished before that date or get

their old tires back. After February 19

no retreaded tires can be obtained, even

though the work has been on order for

some time and even though the worntire is owned by the person who ordered

the job, except against a certificate is-

sued by the local board. Carcasses left

for retreading, but on which work has

not been completed by February 19, can

be repossessed by the owner at any time.

OPA given rationing control

over retreaded, recapped tires,

materials at all sales levels

Donald M. Nelson, chairman of the

War Production Board, has delegated to

the Office of Price Administration the

authority to ration retreaded or recapped

tires and retreading or recapping ma-terials at wholesale as well as retail

levels.

Mr. Nelson issued Supplementary Di-

rective IB, which gives OPA the right

to ration the "use, sale, transfer, or other

disposition of retreaded or recapped tires

or of recapping and retreading materials

by or to any person engaged in retread-

ing or recapping tires or otherwise deal-

ing in such materials."

The directive does not affect sales to

the Army and Navy, certain other Gov-ernment agencies and foreign govern-

ments and Lend-Lease operations.

Directive No. 1, issued January 24, gaveOPA rationing control over the sale of

products by any person who sells at re-

tail, but did not touch the wholesale level.

The supplementary order will enable

OPA to regulate the flow of camelback(the rubber compound used for retread-

ing and recapping of tires) at all sales

levels.

Supplementary Directive No. 1A, pre-

viously issued, defined "passenger auto-

mobiles" to make it clear that the

authority to ration passenger auto-

mobiles conveyed by SupplementaryDirective No. 1 includes taxicabs andstation wagons.

* * *

Tire recappers permitted to

replace tubes used as airbags

Provisions under which tire recappers

and retreaders will be permitted to pur-

chase replacements for inner tubes used

as a substitute for airbags in the recap-

ping or retreading process are included

in an amendment to Supplemental Or-

der No. M-15-c announced February 12

by OPA Administrator Henderson. Theamendment became effective February 13.

Designated No. 6, the amendment anda memorandum sent with it to all State

rationing administrators and local

boards describe the procedure to be fol-

lowed by retreaders in purchase of the

tubes.

fjfercgg lj, i»42 • VICTORY • 9

Bus, truck fleet emergency

certificates planned to replace

blown tires on road

Plans are being worked out to provide

truck and bus fleet operators with emerg-ency ration certificates so that essential

long-haul trucks and buses will be able

to replace blown tires and tubes on the

road without undue delay, OPA an-nounced February 7.

The program, which also will apply to

Federal, State, county and large munici-

pal fleets, will not broaden the existing

eligibility list.

Under the plan as presently contem-plated, OPA will arrange for the issuance

through local rationing boards of a sup-

ply of emergency certificates to operators

of fleets of 20 or more trucks or buses,

equal to a fixed percentage of the numberof tires and tubes now in active use onthe road on eligible vehicles.

Before final details of the plan can bedetermined, Mr. Henderson said, OPAWill require considerable information

from operators of fleets of 20 or moretrucks or buses and he urged all suchoperators to furnish his office immedi-ately with the answers to the following

questions;

1. Name of your operation and ltaheadquarters.

2. Number of eligible vehicles (a) Inactive operation; (b) the use made Ofsuch vehicle; (c) where each such vehicleIs registered.

8. Location of one or more local ration-ing boards with which you prefer to file

applications for emergency certificates.(If a fleet operator prefers to make allapplications to a local board nearest hisheadquarters, this should be so 6tated.If the use of several boards Is planned,the location of each should be given. ItIs desirable that operators choose boardswhich have inspectors available nearbyto inspect tires declared to be unfit forfurther use.)

4. What is your average monthly require-ment of tires and tubes for eligible vehiclesfrom each local board?

5. State the number of new and usabletires and tubes not now on "running"wheels, but in your possession. (Note.—This answer should state aU tires and tubes,including spares, whether mounted ornot.)

6. State the number of retreaded andrecapped tires not now on running wheels,but in possession of the operator. Thisanswer also must list all retreads and re-caps, including spares, whether mountedof hot.

7. How many Ineligible vehicles are Inyour fleet (a) in active operation; (b) notIn active operation.

8. Estimate the approximate date onwhich new tires and tubes will be requiredfor your eligible vehicles.

Answers should be addressed to the

Rubber and Rubber Products Section,

Office of Price Administration, Sixth andIndependence Ave., Washington, D. C.

WPB limits percentage of new rubber

in 10 classes of essential products

Seeking greater conservation of the

country's precious stocks of crude rubber,

the War Production Board laid down onFebruary 11 stringent rules for manu-facturers to follow in making various

essential rubber products.

Issuing the first order of its kind, Sup-plementary Order M-15-b-l, WPB out-

lined specifications limiting the percent-

ages of crude rubber in mixtures used to

make these products. Savings of at least

25,000 tons of rubber a year are expected

to be achieved by the program.The specifications, while technical,

have a simple purpose: to save rubberwithout sacrificing safety.

Most of saving in tires

Most of the savings—at least 10,000

tons annually—will be accomplished un-der the specifications for tires and tubes

and capping stock for civilian use. Therewill be approximately 15 percent less

new rubber in civilian tires. Separatespecifications are set forth for tires andtubes to fill war orders.

The result may be to lessen the life,

but not the safety, of tires and tubes,

rubber coats used by firemen and police-

men, rubber boots and overshoes, gymshoes, and other designated products.

The service to be obtained from these

goods will depend largely upon the care

given them. Unless the user employscare, he cannot expect to get normalwear and service.

Ten classes covered

The specifications, drafted by technical

experts in the rubber and rubber prod-ucts branch after weeks of study andconsultation with Industry engineers, are

but a preliminary step in a plan to regu-

late the consumption of crude rubber in

almost all rubber products. The initial

order covers the following 10 classes:

Hose and tubes ; conveyor, elevator, andflat transmission belts; occupational andprotective clothing; jar rings; tennis andgym shoes; waterproof boots, pacs, arc-

tics, gaiters, and overshoes; tires, cas-

ings, tubes, and retreading materials;

bicycle tires; fire hose and mill hose; andtires, casings, and tubes to fill designatedwar orders.

Bicycle tires and boots

As an example of the drastic revisions

made in manufacturing practices, the or-

der prohibits use of more than V/2ounces of crude rubber in a bicycle tire,

complete with tube. Manufacturers

have been using approximately 17

ounces.

The specifications limit severely theamount of rubber that can be put intovarious types of boots and overshoes, andstate that they can be made only in

black. Approximately V2 pound of newrubber can be used per pair, as comparedwith a customary % pound.

Firemen's clothing lighter

Firemen and policemen will have to

wear protective clothing of a lighter typethan that now in use, but they will havethe safety that they now enjoy.

Manufacturers are given time in whichto alter their methods to conform withthe new requirements. Although the or-

der is effective immediately, some of the

specifications do not have to be adopteduntil March 2. The specifications oncivilian tires took effect February 16,

and those on capping stock were to beadhered to as of February 11.

• * *

Protest if sugar rises more

than a cent for 5 pounds over

early December—Henderson

Consumers who find sugar prices at re-

tail stores much more than 1 cent higher

on a 5-pound bag than in the first weekof December 1941, should protest to the

storekeeper, OPA Administrator Hender-son advised February 7.

"Any increase much greater than that

Is profiteering pure and simple," he de-

clared.

Since the outbreak of the war, the Office

of Price Administration has allowed anincrease in the refiners' selling price,

amounting to 20 cents per hundred

pounds of sugar. At the same time the

refined sugar schedule was modified to

provide for a few minor adjustments in

wholesalers' margins and to adjust pro-

visions for freight absorption. "There

is. In general, no justification for a retail

advance of more than 1 cent per 5 pounds,

except in a few localities where the other

adjustments apply," Mr. Hendersonstated.

Maximum retail prices will have to be

set on sugar unless prices are voluntarily

kept in bounds, Mr. Henderson an-nounced.

10 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942

OPA sets makers' February 2 list prices as

ceilings on mechanical refrigerators

Existing prices for mechanical house-

hold refrigerators are established as the

maximums that may be charged by man-ufacturers in a new price schedule issued

February 9 by OPA Administrator Hen-derson.

Existing arrangements formalized

The new schedule formalizes existing

arrangements whereby all mechanical re-

frigerator manufacturers, excepting Gen-eral Electric Co. and the Frigidaire Divi-

sion of General Motors Corporation hadreceived OPA approval of their 1942 model

price lists. General Electric and Frigid-

aire had agreed with OPA to continue to

sell at 1941 prices until required data for

1942 model prices was submitted for ap-

proval.

Exceptions to schedule

The schedule adopts as maximumprices the manufacturers' list prices in

effect on February 2, 1942, excepting in

the case of General Electric and Frigid-

aire, as noted above. The 1942 price lists

of these two manufacturers are expected

to be submitted for OPA approval in the

near future.

"Private brand" refrigerators, i. e.,

those made under contract for sale

through large distributors under private

trade names, are given maximum prices

based on outstanding manufacturing con-

tracts in effect on February 2, 1942.

"Net price quoted" for ceiling

While it is not believed that many newrefrigerator models will be introduced in

the face of the serious shortage in mate-

rials, a method Is provided by whichmaximum prices will be set by OPA in

the event that new models are contem-

plated.

The schedule uses "net price quoted''

to describe the ceiling levels and defines

that term as "the actual price, exclusive

of Federal excise tax, but including

charges for warranty (guarantee of per-

formance) and cooperative advertising,

to be received by the manufacturer,

f. o. b. seller's point of shipment, or de-

livered to the purchaser, whichever the

price list specifies."

Producers affected

Refrigerator producers who have hadtheir 1942 model prices approved by OPAInclude : Crosley Corporation, Cincinnati

;

Nash-Kelvinator Corporation (Kelvinator

Division), Detroit; Gibson Electric Re-frigerator Corporation, Greenville, Mich.;

Philco Corporation (Refrigerator Divi-

sion (Philadelphia; Borg-Warner Corpo-

ration (Norge Division), Detroit; Stew-

art-Warner Corporation, Indianapolis;

Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing

Co., Springfield, Mass.; and Servel Cor-

poration, Evansville, Ind.

Manufacturers are required to submit

to OPA on or before February 25, 1942,

a report on all models currently offered

for sale and the maximum price set for

each in accordance with the schedule.

• * •

Cast-iron soil pipe, needed

for building, put under ceiling

Increased demand for the product in

defense housing and new factory con-

struction, which has been stimulated by

war activities, caused the issuance Febru-

ary 7 of Price Schedule No. 100 for cast-

iron soil pipe and fittings, OPA Adminis-

trator Henderson announced. Theschedule is effective February 20, 1942.

The schedule establishes maximumprices for most items of pipe and fittings

and governs all sales of these products

by manufacturers and distributors.

While the schedule adopts the Bir-

mingham basing point system which nowis in use by the industry, the OPA has

stated expressly that it is neither ap-

proving nor disapproving the single bas-

ing point pricing plan.

Ceiling in terms of discounts off list

Ceiling prices are established in the

schedule in terms of minimum discounts

from the standard revised price list which

the industry has been using since 1936.

The minimum discount for 2-inch to 6-

inch extra heavy pipe Is 52 y2 points off

list for carload shipments and 10-ton

shipments by truck. Prices for other

sizes of pipe and for fittings maintain

the same differentials as have prevailed

during the last 6 months. These dis-

counts are to contractors. It is expected

that wholesalers and jobbers will con-

tinue to obtain their usual discounts

from the base.

The schedule allows freight from Bir-

mingham, Ala., to be computed on the

basis of Y4 point off list for every 25 cents

per ton of freight. This provision pre-

serves normal industry practices.

Make "Victory" refrigerator

in a few plants, use rest

for war, WPB is urged

The making of a limited number of

"Victory" refrigerators in a few plants

and the immediate and complete conver-

sion to war production of all other refrig-

erator factories in the country has been

proposed by union representatives, Sid-

ney Hillman, labor director of the WarProduction Board, announced recently.

The proposal was made at a meeting of

the Labor Advisory Committee for the

domestic refrigerator industry to Jesse

Maury, chief of the WPB consumers'

durable goods branch. Present at the

meeting were representatives of the CIOand AFL unions having membership in

the factories making refrigerators and

members of various WPB divisions and

of the Office of Price Administration.

The committee suggested that Mr.

Maury determine a fixed yearly produc-

tion quota of a thoroughly simplified

and standardized refrigerator, on the

basis of available supplies and minimumconsumer needs. According to the com-mittee's plans this would then be allot-

ted to the fewest plants required to turn

them out on a 24-hour-a-day, 7-day-a-

week schedule. The entire balance of the

industry should then be required by the

WPB to convert to war production, the

committee proposed, with the earliest

possible deadline set.

The use of the "Victory" label on the

proposed cut-down, simplified refriger-

ator is to prevent the few firms licensed

to produce it from having an economic

advantage over the rest of the industry

after the war is won, members of the

committee explained.

• * •

OPA sees no general change for

steel mill products, 1st quarter

The Office of Price Administration

does not now foresee general changes in

the prices of steel mill products affecting

deliveries during the second quarter of

1942, it was announced February 7. This

announcement was made in response to

inquiries from the Navy Department re-

sulting from Its desire to obtain firm

commitments on direct purchases of

steel.

A longer-run policy with reference to

pricing of steel products was to be dis-

cussed fully with a meeting of industry

representatives to be called by the OPAin the immediate future.

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 11

Contract sales prices of

petroleum products extended

to March 1 ; other adjustments

Prices for domestic sales of petroleum

products in contracts signed prior to

November 10, 1941, and for export sales

of these products covered in contracts

signed prior to January 20, 1942, maybe maintained until March 1, 1942, under

Amendment No. 2 to Price Schedule No.

88 for petroleum and petroleum prod-

ucts, OPA Administrator Henderson an-

nounced February 8.

To give industry more time

Other sale prices also are affected by

a change in date of accepted published

posted prices used for determination of

the price ceilings.

The amendment was issued as a result or

conferences of Mr. Henderson's office withrepresentatives of Petroleum CoordinatorHarold L. Ickes' Petroleum Industry WarCouncil. Mr. Ickes suggested a temporarydeferment of Price Schedule No. 88, issuedFebruary 2, setting ceiling prices generallyat the October 1, 1941 level, Insofar as it

affects delivery of refined products undercertain contracts. This deferment will givethe Industry time to adjust its price struc-ture so as to comply with the maximumprices issued February 2.

The maximum prices for oil are not affectedby the amendment. Prices for refined prod-ucts, however, are restored, until March 1,

to the basis outlined in a general letter tomembers of the petroleum industry from Mr.Henderson's office on January 17, effectiveuntil the issuance of Price Schedule No. 88.

On other than contract sales

On other than contract sales, under theschedule, prices were set as "the lowest pricespublished in the October 2, 1941, Issue ofPiatt's digram and the Chicago Journal ofCommerce or the October 8, 1941, Issue of theNational Petroleum News." Under Amend-ment No. 2, sales are permitted up to andincluding March 1, 1942, under these provi-sions:

The maximum price of each product sold,

contracted to be sold, delivered or trans-ferred by a seller shall be the lowest quotedprice published In the first issue after No-vember 7, 1941, of the National PetroleumNews, Piatt's Ollgram, or the Chicago Jour-nal of Commerce, for a product of the sameclass, kind, type, condition, and grade.

When prices cannot be determined by theposted quotations, sellers are permitted tosell such products at the market prices pre-vailing at the time of sale, providing thatnotice of such prices or sales are furnishedto OPA within 10 days after the sales.

• * *

McFetridge appointed to

printing, publishing branch

Appointment of Lyle Walker McFet-ridge, circulation director of the Tulsa,

Okla., World-Tribune, as circulation spe-

cialist in the newspaper section of the

printing and publishing branch was an-

nounced February 2.

STEADY PRICES ON PLUMBING

ASKED PENDING CONFERENCES

Thirty-three manufacturers of vitre-

ous china and enameled cast-iron plumb-

ing fixtures and 23 manufacturers o£

cast-iron boilers and radiators have been

asked In telegrams sent February 12 by

OPA Administrator Henderson, to main-tain present prices and to withhold

threatened increases pending meetings

with the industries called for February

18 and February 20.

Prices of both types of products have

increased sporadically within the last 3

months, some manufacturers reportedly

agreeing to a general 15 percent price

Increase.

As a result of these reports, OPAstarted studies of both these branches of

the plumbing supply industry. These

studies indicated that the proposed in-

creases, if permitted, would have a cha-

otic effect upon the building industry.

Mr. Henderson warned that if these re-

quests were not observed by members of

the industry, OPA would issue a tempo-

rary price schedule, freezing present

prices until completion of the industry

study.

• * •

Domestic oil storage tanks

subject to price schedule

Maximum prices for domestic fuel oil

storage tanks, indispensable to domestic

oil burner installations, are established

by Price Schedule No. 96, announced Feb-

ruary 7 by OPA Administrator Hender-

son. The schedule becomes effective on

February 20, 1942.

Ceiling prices apply to all sales of tanks

in which the seller does not install the

tank by connecting it with an oil burner.

Maximum prices for tanks delivered in

the East are delivered prices and include

lugs. Prices for tanks delivered in the

Midwest and Far West are f . o. b. factory

prices, and in the Far West include lugs.

Typical prices for a carload shipment

of 26 inch, 16 gage steel, 275 gallon nom-inal capacity tank, are $17.35 in the East,

$17.70 in the Midwest and $31.95 in the

Far West.

The schedule requires every manufac-

turer to affix to tanks produced by himdurable labels setting forth the name of

the manufacturer, the size and capacity

of the tank and the gage of steel used.

These labels will enable purchasers to

compute the maximum prices applicable

to all tanks.

Plumbing, heating industry

ordered to simplify valves

to save vital materials

The War Production Board February12 ordered the plumbing and heating in-

dustry to simplify the manufacture of

iron, brass, and bronze valves in an effort

to save critical materials and dispose of

slow-moving inventories.

Others to follow

The order, L-42, will be followed by aseries of amendments requiring simpli-

fication of many other items manufac-tured by the plumbing and heating in-

d u s t r y. Manufacturing specifications

for these products were worked out bythe plumbing and heating branch after

long study with industry representatives

and with the Bureau of Standards andother interested Government agencies.

To relieve production lines

The principal purpose of the order is

to relieve production lines from the bur-

den of items that are not used generally,

and to concentrate on items that are in

general demand. The program will re-

sult in elimination of nonessential sizes,

types, forms, and specifications. At

present, the Bureau of Standards has

been recommending simplified proce-

dures to various manufacturers, but

there has been no mandatory control.

Schedule I to Limitation Order L-42

sets forth specifications for the manu-facture of iron, brass, and bronze valves,

and provides that no valves which do

not conform to the standards can be

produced after March 1. Exceptions are

granted for deliveries of valves which

already were in stock or had been pro-

cessed before March 1.

• * •

All direct mill shipments of

Douglas fir plywood covered

All direct mill shipments are brought

under present ceiling prices and sellers

are permitted to use estimated weights

in computing delivery charges, under

amendment No. 2 to Price Schedule No.

13 for Douglas fir plywood, announced

February 10 by OPA. The amendmentbecomes effective February 20, 1942.

Investigations indicate that whole-

salers in some areas were departing from

industry practices by selling at prices

above those quoted by manufacturers.

(A discount for wholesalers selling direct

mill shipments has prevailed in the

industry.)

12 • VICTORY * February 17, 1942

Multivitamin pills limited to 5,

A units each—that's all you can absorb

The War Production Board acted Feb-

ruary 10 to conserve vitamin A for

human consumption.

Mostly imported

The main source of vitamin A has

been fish liver oils. Supplies from Nor-

way and Japan before the war accounted

for approximately 75 percent of the total

consumed in the United States. Vitamin

A is found also in several vegetables and

in dairy products.

Vitamin A is essential for maintaining

good eyesight and as such is especially

essential for the Air Corps. A deficiency

of it often causes "night blindness."

Vitamin A also aids in building up re-

sistance against infection.

Order restricts use

The order (L-40) issued February 10:

1. Pro„ibits, beginning February 10, themanufacture of multivitamin tablets, cap-sules, pills, or liquids, containing more than5,000 units of vitamin A in the largest daily

dose recommended by the label or accompany-ing instructions.

In explanation of this prohibition, theWPB health supplies branch pointed out that

competent medical authority states the aver-

age human body cannot absorb more than6,000 units of vitamin A per day.

2. The above restrictions do not apply to

preparations containing only vitamin A, or

Vitamin C price checked

after speculative resales

Mounting prices asked by some re-

sellers for vitamin C (ascorbic acid)—in

some cases double those charged by the

producers—caused OPA on February 11

to issue Price Schedule No. 104 for

Vitamin C.

The schedule, which became effective

February 16, 1942, set price ceilings at

approximately the prevailing prices.

Prices are set for producers and primary

jobbers and for resellers. The quantities

in which retailers ordinarily deal are not

covered by the schedule. No consider-

able quantity is sold at retail, however,

most retail sales of Vitamin C being madein compounded forms not covered by the

schedule.

Vitamin C is vital to the development

of sound bone structure. It is found in

fresh fruits and raw vegetables, but that

used in therapy mainly is a synthetic

product.

preparations containing vitamins A and Dwhere the vitamin A potency Is 25,000 units ormore in the recommended daily dosage. Sucha preparation is intended as a therapeuticdose for persons suffering from an unusualinsufficiency of vitamin A, in which cases thebody can absorb more than 5,000 units perday.

3. Prohibits, beginning February 10, theuse or dilution for use In the manufactureof feed of fish-liver oil with a potency of

more than 12,000 units of vitamin A pergram. The reason for this prohibition is toconserve for human consumption fish-liver

oil having a high potency. The feed referredto means natural or artificial feedstuffs orrations for poultry, cattle, fur-bearing, orother animals.

4. Prohibits, beginning April 10, the manu-facture or preparation of feeds which in theform recommended for consumption containmore than 1,000 units of vitamin A per pound,derived from fish or fish liver oils.

The health supplies branch stated thatmany feeds today contain an excess of vita-

min A. This occurs where fish oils are usedfor their vitamin D content which is foundin combination with vitamin A in fish liver

oils. In such instances feed manufacturersmay fortify their product by adding syn-thetic vitamin D to make up the difference

caused by this restriction. It is believed also

this order should stimulate the productionof vitamin A from other than fish liver

sources such as carrots and alfalfa.

While other sections of the order be-

come effective February 10, the prohibi-

tion in No. 4 is deferred until April 10 in

order to give feed manufacturers time

in which to make whatever changes in

formulae are required by the order.

WPB freezes agar supplies

except for germ media

The War Production Board February 9

froze all agar supplies in this country in

the hands of all persons having more than

50 pounds in their possession.

Agar is a jelly-like substance extracted

from seaweeds. Its most essential use

is as a culture in growing bacteria. It is

also used in laxatives, emulsifiers, candy,

ice cream, and in dental forms.

Prior to June 1941 the major part of

this country's supply came from Japan.

Small quantities have also been received

from China and Java. A small amount

is manufactured in California.

The February 9 order, General Pref-

erence Order M-96, prohibits the pur-

chase or sale of agar, from or by per-

sons having more than 50 pounds in their

possession, except as specifically ordered

by the Director of Industry Operations or

for use in bacteriological media.

Ceiling put on citric acid

as some resale prices climb

to triple producer's level

Because speculation in citric acid

—

widely used in pharmaceutical manu-facture and in food and beverage

flavoring—has led to resales of this com-modity at prices more than three times

prices quoted by producers, Price Sched-ule No. 101 covering this product hasbeen issued, OPA Administrator Hender-son announced February 7. The sched-

ule was effective as of February 16, 1942.

Price ceilings established for sales of

5 pounds or more are set for producers

and primary jobbers and for resellers

such as wholesale drug companies.

Conferences with producers, resellers,

and exporters of the product and with

other Government agencies developed

the fact that no justifiable reasons exist

for producers and primary jobbers charg-

ing more than 20 cents per pound or for

resellers or exporters charging morethan 26 and 28 cents per pound, respec-

tively, for sales of U. S. P. granular citric

acid in carload lots.

These maximum prices for producers

and primary jobbers and prices set for

smaller quantities, are f. o. b. producer's

or primary jobber's shipping point, with

freight equalized at the rate for a ship-

ment of identical quantity over standard

routes from these points: Boston, Phila-

delphia, Baltimore, New York City, Port-

land, Oreg., and Seattle.

Prices for sales by producers and pri-

mary jobbers of citric acid produced in

the United States and delivered fromlocal stocks maintained in Chicago or

St. Louis are the maximums as listed,

plus one-half cent per pound, f. o. b. the

warehouse in whichever city from which

the actual shipment is made.

• * *

Don't raise net price of soles

because of rubber tax, OPA asks

Manufacturers of rubber shoe products

were requested February 7 by OPA Ad-ministrator Henderson not to increase

their net prices on heels and soles, as aresult of Treasury Decision 5107. This

decision, issued by the Bureau of Internal

Revenue, applies a 10-percent tax on

rubber products to such heels and soles.

OPA will not object, however, to spe-

cific addition of the amount of the tax

actually paid on any item, provided it is

billed separately.

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 13

Aspirin under ceiling;

mark-ups from 40 cents

to $1.50 are reported

Speculatively high prices in aspirin

—

not the familiar little white tablets, but

acetyl salicylic acid, raw material base

for the tablets and many other reme-

dies—caused the issuance February 7 of

Price Schedule No. 99, according to anannouncement by Price Administrator

Henderson. The schedule became effec-

tive February 16, 1942.

The schedule sets maximum prices

for producers, primary jobbers, andwholesale druggists at levels prevailing

since 1939. It is designed to stop or

forestall excessive prices in the "second-

hand market," where speculation is re-

ported to have brought excessive quota-

tions.

In some instances, resellers are report-

ed to have charged $1.50 per pound for a

product for which the producer charged

only 40 cents per pound.

Investigations and conferences re-

vealed that no justifiable reasons exist

for producers and primary jobbers to

charge prices in excess of the prevailing

price of 40 cents per pound, or for re-

sellers and exporters to charge prices in

excess of 52 cents and 56 cents respec-

tively, for acetyl salicylic acid, either

powdered or in crystals, for sales of large

quantities.

The price schedule establishes ceilings

for aspirin in different grades, contain-

ers, and quantities.

* * •

Ceiling put on salicylic acid

to check mounting resale prices

Quotations by some resellers of sali-

cylic acid at prices three times those of

producers for comparable grades andquantities caused the issuance of Price

Schedule No. 103, according to OPA Ad-ministrator Henderson.

The schedule, which became effective

February 16, 1942, set prices for pro-

ducers and primary jobbers and for

wholesalers at levels prevailing at that

time. The schedule does not apply to

the quantities ordinarily sold by retailers.

Salicylic acid is used chiefly in the

manufacture of aspirin and other in-

ternal and external medicinals, in mak-ing chrome and khaki dyes and in

vulcanizing natural rubber. The acid

Itself is made from phenol, which is underallocation by the War Production Boardbecause of its importance in the produc-

tion of plastic and explosives.

U. S., CANADA COOPERATE

ON NEWSPRINT PRICES

The Canadian Wartime Prices andTrade Board and the Office of Price Ad-ministration of the United States •Gov-

ernment are cooperating on a joint pro-

gram for arriving at prices of newsprint

and related products, It was announcedFebruary 9. A meeting of the represent-

atives of the two bodies took place in

New York on January 29.

An immediate study of the bases for

second-quarter prices will be undertaken

In the two countries. On the basis of

these studies a definite announcementwill be made before April 1 at which time

second-quarter prices take effect.

Dealers asked not to

exceed usual mark-ups

on paper products

More than 1,000 merchants dealing In

fine paper have been asked by OPA Ad-ministrator Henderson not to exceed

manufacturers' prices plus OPA's mer-

chants' mark-ups on several converted

paper products, including gummed pa-

pers, plain envelopes, manila envelopes,

kraft envelopes, shipping tags and glazed

and plated papers.

Mark-ups permitted are comparable to

those generally used by the merchants.

Mr. Henderson's request went out in

letters February 10, Informing the mer-

chants that manufacturers' prices had

been frozen by OPA as of December 15,

last.

• * *

Three educators direct

State consumer programs

Three nationally known educators

have been appointed by the governors of

three New England States to direct the

wartime consumer programs of the State

defense councils, it was announced Feb-

ruary 11 by Dan A. West, director of

the Consumer Division, OPA.

Professor Wesley Alba Sturges of

Yale, Dr. John J. Mahoney of Boston

University, and Dr. C. Emanuel Ekstrom

of Brown have been loaned by their uni-

versities to" direct the consumer pro-

grams of Connecticut, Massachusetts,

and Rhode Island, respectively.

Get used to sugar ration

now, West urges—many

don't use that much anyway

Every household in the Nation should

get itself into the sugar ration habit nowbefore the Government's rationing plan

goes into effect, Dan A. West, director

of the Consumer Division of the Office

of Price Administration, advised Febru-ary 13. He also urged consumers whohave hoarded large supplies of sugar to

"divvy up" with their friends and neigh-

bors.

"Rationing means 'share and sharealike,'" Mr. West said, "and if we're

really serious about sharing the burdensof this war fairly, here's a good chancefor us to begin doing it in our communi-ties."

By "divvying up" sugar supplies with

friends and neighbors now, Mr. Westsaid, those who have stocked up heavily

can help lessen the strain on retail stores

and avoid the embarrassment of having

many stamps removed from their ration

books at the time of registration.

• • *

Warehouse charges clarified for

imported cocoa, coffee, pepper

In response to trade inquiries, the

Office of Price Administration has clari-

fied the warehouse charge provisions

contained in the price schedules for three

large imported commodities—cocoa, cof-

fee, and pepper—Administrator Hender-son announced February 8.

Cocoa, coffee, and pepper received at

any port of entry may be warehoused

in any part of continental United States,

and the cost of "putting the commodity in

warehouse" may be added by the seller

who actually incurs this cost, OPA ruled.

This phrase specifically includes labor,

in and out charges, and the 30 days'

storage charges. OPA explained that

the cost of transporting from dock to

warehouse was inherent in the phrase

"cost of putting the commodity in the

warehouse" and did not require specific

mention. It may therefore be added by

the seller in determining his maximum,prioes together with those specifically

mentioned, but only if the seller himself

incurred the cost.

• • *

MORE OPA NEWS,

PAGES 14, 20, 21, 22, 23

14 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942

Generating plant responsible

for segregating aluminum scrap

vital to war factories

Segregation of all grades of aluminumalloy scrap generated by plants is vital

to the war production program, the

aluminum and magnesium branch, WPB,announced February 11, in an explana-

tion of Order M-l-d which requires seg-

regation.

The order is not intended, it was

pointed out, to interfere with the normal

and useful functions of the scrap dealer,

but to center responsibility for proper

segregation in the plant generating the

scrap.

Collection of scrap outside of plants

continues to be a function of the dealer.

They also may purchase mixed plant

scrap from plants, and segregated scrap

coming from plants which generate less

than 1,000 pounds per month. The order

requires, however, that the dealer sell

all such scrap to a producer or approved

smelter. If he does not collect sufficient

scrap in the regular course of business

to make it practicable to sell directly to

a producer or approved smelter, he mayresell to another dealer.

Cooperation of all dealers is sought to

maintain proper segregation while the

aluminum is in their hands.

The principal departure from estab-

lished scrap practice is the provision re-

garding segregated plant scrap in excess

of 1,000 pounds a month.

* * *

Colors for auto tags, highway

markings will he limited

Next year's auto license plates prob-

ably will be limited to black and white

and domestic earth colors, such as red

oxides, ocher, umber, sienna, and a small

amount of iron blue, the protective coat-

ings industry advisory committee has

been told.

Yeliow traffic markings on streets andhighways also are on their way out.

Emergency specifications that contain noChrome yellow pigment are being dis-

cussed by WPB officials and the industry.

White paints with a high reflectance

value will be substituted.

Eoth moves are a part of the pigmentconservation program designed to set upspecifications which will contain a mini-

mum of strategic raw materials.

Premiums to be allowed for over-quota copper,

lead, zinc output from February 1 onRules by which United States mine

operators may obtain premium prices

for over-quota production of copper,

lead, and zinc were announced February

9 by Materials Director Batt and OPAAdministrator Henderson.

Premium prices of 17 cents per poundfor copper, 11 cents for zinc, and 9%cents for lead will be paid by the Metals

Reserve Co., for a period of 2'/2 years

beginning February 1, 1942. Should the

emergency end before the termination

date, Metals Reserve Company has re-

served the right to terminate this ar-

rangement on equitable terms.

The premiums will apply to all over-

quota production after February 1, 1942,

regardless of when tonnage quotas are

announced and actual payments begin.

By continuing meanwhile to ship through

ordinary channels, producers will be as-

sured premium prices for over-quota

production.

Quotas will be established by mines

or groups of mines, rather than by com-

panies, In order to avoid any possibility

that expenditures for expansion of oneproperty might be deterred by uncer-

tainties as to future production from onemine or group of mines of the samecompany.Companies which own two or more

properties must account for any material

deorease below quota of any one prop-

erty. If it shall appear that such a de-

crease was due to avoidable circum-

stances, quotas of all properties of the

company will be combined and premiumspaid only to the extent that total pro-

duction exceeds the total company quota.

Purpose of the plan is to expand out-

put of copper, lead, and zinc. because of

their importance in the production of

armaments.In general, quotas will be fixed to in-

clude all output that can reasonably be

expected, at established market prices

for the metals of 12 cents per pound for

copper, 8.25 cents for zinc and 6.50 cents

for lead.

Iron and steel scrap

regulations revised

Revisions of certain portions of Price

Schedule No. 4 (Iron and Steel Scrap)

are contained in Amendment No. 14 an-

nounced February 10 by OPA Adminis-

trator Henderson. Amendment waseffective February 9, 1942.

Five particular features highlight the

new amendment:

1. The maximum shipping point price for

No. 1 Heavy Melting Steel at shipping pointswithin the Boston switching district is $15.05

per gross ton, f. o. b. cars, or f. a. s. vessel,

or, where delivery to the consumer Is solely

by motor vehicle, loaded on such vehicle.

2. "Unprepared scrap" is clarified by defini-

tion as excluding objects requiring dis-

mantling, such as bridges, boxcars, andgraveyard automobiles. Latter must bepriced so as to permit prepared scrap to bedelivered to the consumer within the maxi-mum delivered prices established In theschedule.

3. Where scrap is delivered solely by motorvehicle, in other than a public carrier, theamount of transportation charges that maybe added to the shipping point price is still

to be computed in terms of the rail carloadrate formula introduced in the February 2amendment, but need not fall below $1 pergross ten. Previous minimum was $1.50 pergross ton.

4. Provision allowing consumers to purchaseunprepared "remote" scrap and designate adealer to prepare it at a maximum prepara-tion fee of $2.50 per gross ton has been revisedso as to be limited to purchases in rail car-

load lots.

5. Maximum prices for bundles containingtin-coated material, are defined more clearly.

Building of tin smelter sped

by higher rating for materials

The United States tin smelter now un-

der construction in Texas will be rushed

to completion with the assistance of anA-l-a rating for materials, J. S. Knowl-

son, Director of Industry Operations, an-

nounced February 12.

An amendment to the builder's serial

number, under Order P-19-a, was issued

raising the preference rating for the proj-

ect from A-l-b. This will permit more

rapid delivery for certain necessary items

which have been ordered but are not yet

delivered. Delivery dates on these items

are protected.

The plant, which was started as an

18,000-ton smelter, has been increased to

52,000 tons capacity and may be increased

further. It will process Bolivian tin ore,

as well as concentrates from Malaya and

the Netherlands Indies received since the

outbreak of hostilities in the Pacific.

While Bolivian ore is not expected in

sufficient volume to keep the smelter in

full operation over a long period it has

a large supply of ore on hand and any

further reshuffling of military forces

around the world may result in concen-

trates from other areas reaching this

country.

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 15

CONSERVATION . . .

Can collection planned in five areas for

copper refining and for detinning test

Plans were announced February 7 for

the construction of three plants in the

Southwest, where used tin cans will be

prepared for a leaching process in the

precipitation of copper from mines. TheDefense Plants Corporation, a subsidiary

of the Reconstruction Finance Corpora-

tion, has allocated approximately $175,000

for construction of the plants in the vi-

cinity of Dallas and Houston, Tex. and

Kansas City, Mo.In order that the new plants be assured

of a plentiful supply of tin cans, the Bu-

reau of Industrial Conservation has

urged the mayors of the three cities where

the plants will be built, as well as heads

of many neighboring municipalities, to

launch local can collection campaigns.

Paul C. Cabot, deputy chief of the Bu-

reau of Industrial Conservation, empha-

sized that the copper-producing process

has no bearing on detinning of cans for

the reclamation of tin and steel.

To produce 2,000 tons a month

The new plants, which are expected to

be ready for operation by the middle of

the coming summer, will clean and shred

the tin cans, after which the metal will

be shipped to copper mines. There mine

waters, containing copper sulphate, flow-

ing over the shredded metal, produce

copper equal in amount to the quantity

of metal used. It is estimated that the

mines using the processed cans will pro-

duce approximately 2,000 tons of copper

per month.At the same time that he outlined the

proposed can collection of the South-

western cities, Mr. Cabot announced that

similar collections would be inaugurated

in the immediate future in the Pitts-

burgh and Sewaren, N. J., areas. In both

those sections, it was explained, there

are detinning plants, which process the

cans and reclaim both tin and steel. Thegeneral public in those areas will be

urged to save used cans, which will be

collected at regular intervals by munici-

pal trucks and moved to the detinning

plants, which will buy the collections

from the municipalities.

If the "test" campaigns in the Pitts-

burgh and Sewaren areas prove success-

ful, the Bureau will consider methods of

setting up machinery for similar collec-

tions in other cities, and for the transpor-

tation of the salvaged material to cities

where there are detinning plants.

Although there has been widespread

public discussion of salvaging tin cans,

the Bureau has discouraged the idea, Mr.

Cabot explained, largely because of the

limited number of detinning plants.

Until the results of the efforts in Pitts-

burgh and Sewaren are revealed, it wasstressed, only residents of those sections

will be asked to give their support to the

undertaking.

* * •

A war parodox

DEMAND FOR EXPLOSIVES

MAY ASSURE PLENTY OF SOAP

There is likely to be enough soap in

1942 to scrub this land and most of

the things in it—because of the mili-

tary demand for explosives made from

glycerine.

Glycerine, one of the most vital prod-

ucts in a war economy, will be produced

to the greatest extent possible during the

coming year to supply powder and nitro-

glycerine plants with a principal in-

gredient. Soap manufacturers will work

their plants to the limit of supplies to

do this, and soap itself may be regarded

as a byproduct of this manufacturing.

The tallow and animal fats that nor-

mally provide the bulk of glycerine

origination will have additional help

from conservation measures. Everyhousewife in the Nation will soon have a

chance to aid through a concerted effort

in saving glycerine-content garbage, and

not making her own soap. A salvage

campaign to collect and extract the

glycerine from food fats, grease, lubri-

cants and table scraps is expected to add

materially to supplies for United States

and lend-lease requirements.

A complication of the supply problem

is the loss of the Philippine source of

cocoanut oil, which bulked large in the

world cocoanut oil production that pre-

viously accounted for manufacturing

one-third of all our glycerine.

Stocks of copra from cocoanuts,

babassu and palm kernel nuts are being

marshalled so that with transportation

from Latin America, the South Seas, and

Africa, they can meet the needs of soap

producerg.

Mills processing copper get

priorities on repair,

maintenance supplies

Mills which roll, draw, or extrude cop-

per or copper-base alloys have been given

special priority assistance to obtain re-

pair, maintenance, and operating sup-

plies by Preference Rating Order P-106,

announced February 9 by the Division

of Industry Operations.

High ratings for repairs

.

The order assigns emergency ratings

of A-l-a and A-l-c to deliveries of mate-

rial necessary to repair or avert a break-

down or suspension of operations and

a rating of A-3 to deliveries of material

which will be used for repair, mainte-

nance, or operation of brass or wire mills,

subject to the restrictions contained in

the order.

The priority assistance granted by Prefer-

ence Bating Order P-106 may be used onlyby mills to which a copy of the order hasbeen specifically addressed, with a serial num-ber, or by suppliers of such mills who haveexecuted the required form of acceptance.Mills desiring to take advantage of termsof the order should apply for its use on FormPD-258, to be forwarded to the War Pro-duction Board, Ref: P-106.

Not for suppliers

When a copy of order P-106 has been issued

to a mill with a serial number, the mill shouldsend a copy of the order with an attachedform of acceptance to each of his suppliers.

The higher ratings assigned by the order

may not be extended, but a supplier whohas been served with a copy of the order

and has executed the acceptance may him-self apply the A-3 rating on his purchaseorders for material to be delivered to the mill

under any of the ratings in accordance withthe terms of the order. Neither the A-l-anor A-l-c rating may be used by a supplier.

The A-3 rating may be used by a sup-

plier to replace in his inventory mate-

rials delivered to a mill in accordance

with the terms of the order, provided that

his inventory Is kept to a practicable

working minimum.

Suppliers who do not manufacture,

process, or assemble such material mayaccumulate or "basket" rated orders upto a period of 3 months, until they can

place a purchase order or contract for

the minimum quantity procurable on his

customary terms. Suppliers who do man-ufacture, process, or assemble materials

must apply the rating before or at the

time they fill the rated orders.

Mills and suppliers which operate un-

der the terms of Order P-100 must keep

such records and make such reports ao

may be required by the War Production

Board.

16 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942

LABOR ...

Board hands down first decisions,

on aluminum and fishing boat issues;

gets 2 agreements and 13 new cases

The National War Labor Board last

week successfully met the first defiance

of its authority, and also handed down

its first decision on the merits of a case,

narrowing the north-south differential

in the plants of the Aluminum Co. of

America and ordering night shift

bonuses for its New Kensington, Pa.,

plant. The Board also approved a volun-

tary maintenance of membership and

voluntary check-off unanimously recom-

mended by a panel of associate members

as a settlement formula for the union se-

curity dispute between the Marshall Field

Co. and the Textile Workers Union, CIO.

The important "Little Steel" contro-

versy, involving the Bethlehem Steel Cor-

poration, Republic Steel Corporation,

Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co., and

Inland Steel Co., and the Steel Workers

Organizing Committee, CIO, was set for

a hearing February 24 before a special

fact-finding panel composed of Arthur S.

Meyer, chairman of the New York State

Board of Mediation, Cyrus Ching, vice

president of the United States Rubber Co.,

and Richard T. Frankensteen, director

of aircraft organization, United Automo-

bile Workers, CIO. The negotiations,

which have been in progress since last

September, broke down over the union's

demands for union security and a $1 a

day wage increase.

Agreements were obtained in 2 cases

during the week and 2 cases were referred

to the full Board after hearings. A 1-day

hearing before the full Board was held

in the General Motors Corporation dis-

pute with the United Automobile Work-ers, CIO, and then recessed to a later

date. The Board also received certifica-

tion of 15 new cases.

Aluminum Co. of America

The dispute between Alcoa and the Alumi-num Workers of America, CIO, carried overto the National War Labor Board from theDefense Mediation Board's calendar, washeard for 2 days by the full Board the latterpart of January. The Board also had beforeIt a 111-page fact-finding report prepared atthe Mediation Board's request by Paul R.Hays, member of the New York State Boardof Mediation.A total of 18,925 men in 3 plants of the

company—Badin, N. C, Alcoa, Tenn., and NewKensington, Pa.—were involved in the dis-pute. The union had demanded complete

abolition of the 18- to 20-cent differential Inthe starting wage existing between the com-pany's southern and northern plants, and a10-cent bonus for all night shift workers at

the New Kensington plant.

The Board decided, 7-4, in favor of a 7 centsan hour increase for beginners with corre-

sponding adjustments for other employees at

the Badin and Alcoa plants, and 7-5 for a3 cents an hour bonus for the B shift (3 p. m.to 11 p. m.) , and a 5 cents an hour bonus for

the C shift (11 p. m. to 7 a. m.) at the NewKensington plant.

The majority opinion on the north-southdifferential question was written by Wayne L.

is listening

He wants to knowwhat Mi know

A WARNING to fighting men, war factoryworkers, and Government employees is car-ried on this red, white, and black posterdeveloped by the Office of Facts and Fig-ures. The poster is signed by the MilitaryIntelligence Division, War Department;Office of Naval Intelligence, Navy Depart-ment: and the Federal Bureau of l7ivesti-

gation. (Mats available for publication, onrequest to Distribution Section, Division

of Information, OEM, Washington, D. C.)

Morse, public member, and concurred in b;,

two other public members and four labor

members. In his opinion, Dean Morse said

in part that the majority was "satisfied fromthe record that a complete elimination of the

wage differential involved In this case wouldhave an undesirable disrupting effect at this

time on the general economy of the areas In

which the plants in question are located

... It Is Interesting to note that theemployer, public, and union members of theNational War Labor Board all agre"e that the

goal to seek is the elimination of the north-south wage differential but the groups differ

only as to the time rate at which the differ-

ential should be eliminated."The employer members, in a minority opin-

ion written by A. W. Hawkes, recommendedthat the differential should not be narrowedby more than 3 cents, though they proposed5 cents as a compromise with the final deci-sion.

On the other question, the majority opinionwas written by Frank P. Graham, publicmember, and concurred in by two other pub-lic and four industry members. Dr. Grahamheld that the company's opposition to payinga night-shift bonus at the New Kensingtonplant because of the accepted fact that suchpremium rates are not the prevailing customin the area "is not a tenable position. . . .

Night work tends to disrupt normal living

and often results in irregular eating andsleeping habits. The B shift comes duringthe hours when family life is at its best.

These are the hours when the children arehome from school. These are the hours of

the best social, athletic, recreational, andeducational programs. The C shift comesduring the hours when human beings havebecome accustomed to sleep by nature andnurture, by biological set and inheritance,

and by social and personal habit. Theworker during the night shifts has to sacri-

fice many of the values and satisfactions of

social, family, and personal life."

On this issue the minority, in an opinionwritten by Dean Morse and concurred in byfour labor members, held that the bonusshould be raised an additional 2 cents for

the B and C shifts and that those who workedthese shifts continuously should be granteda 10 cents per hour bonus.

Federated Fishing Boats

In a unanimous decision on the dispute

between the Federated Fishing Boats of NewEngland and New York, Inc., and the Atlantic

Fishermen's Union, AFL, the Board held that

the employers' "obvious lack of appreciationand understanding of the patriotic obligations

which they owe America today in keeping warproduction going" have made it impossible for

the Board to hold a hearing on the merits of

the dispute. Because of this defiance theBoard termed the controversy a "lock-out."

It had held up 50 boats and 300 fishermen in

Boston Harbor for the past month and re-

sulted in a loss of 19.000,000 pounds of fish.

In its decision, written by Dean Morse, the

Board ruled that "unless the employers in-

volved comply Immediately with the decision

of the National War Labor Board, their de-

fiance of said Board must be repudiated bypatriotic Americans and challenged by what-ever forces of Government may be necessary

to obtain compliance . .." It is to be

hoped that upon reflection and the exercise

of sober judgment the employer association

will proceed without delay to accept and fully

comply with the orders of the National WarLabor Board. The Government and the people

of America have a right to expect all em-ployers and labor organizations to cooperate

fully with the national understanding whichwas entered Into by labor and employer rep-

resentatives at the recent Presidential con-ference in which It was agreed that labor

disputes for the duration of the war wouldbe settled by peaceful means under the juris-

diction, if necessary, of the National WarLabor Board rather than by resort to economicforce.

"This country is at war, and the events in

that war to date make clear that we cannotcondone the conduct of any employer or

labor group in America that places its selfish

v/elfare above the Interest of the country."

On Saturday. February 14, 3 days after the

decision was made public, the employers notl-

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 17

fled the Board they would comply with thedecision and start normal operations begin-ning Monday. Dean Morse immediately tele-graphed them that the Board was "pleased tolearn" of this decision. The telegram alsosaid:

"In this time of great national danger suchacts of Industrial statesmanship are essential

•to the maintenance of that degree of indus-trial harmony so vital to a successful prose-cution of this war. The decision of theFederated Fishing Boats of New England andNew York, Inc.. to comply with the decisionof the National War Labor Board is bound tostrengthen the public's confidence in thegood faith of American employers and laborunions as shown by their willingness to abideby the terms of the understanding whichthey have entered into with the President ofthe United States to settle their labor con-troversies for the duration of the war byJudicial processes."

General Motors Corporation

The General Motors dispute with theUnited Automobile Workers, CIO, which in-volves 190,000 workers in 90 plants scat-tered over the country, came in for a 1-dayhearing before the full Board. The issue inthe case is the union's demand for doubletime for Sunday and holiday work to applyto all swing-shift workers regardless of thenumber of hours worked during the week.At the end of the hearing on February 10, thehearings were recessed until after the Boarddecides what procedure to follow In the case.

Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co.

In the Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co. case,

Garfield, N. J., involving 300 workers repre-sented by the International Association of

Machinists, AFL. the union's demand for aunion shop will be submitted to arbitrationin accordance with the agreement. The set-

tlement provides for a 5 cents an hour in-crease, a reclassification of wage rates, anda 10 cents an hour premium for the nightshift, all to be retroactive to December 16,

1941. This agreement was reached as a re-

sult of 5 days of hearings before Paul A.Dodd, associate public member of the Board.

Connor Lumber & Land Co.

All the issues in the dispute between theConnor Lumber and Land Co., Laona. Wis.,

and 500 workers represented by the Interna-tional Woodworkers of America, CIO. weresettled by agreement except for wages and^cations. The latter will be arbitrated bya board of three persons, one to be pickedby the union, one by the company and oneby the War Labor Board. The agreementwas the result of 2 days of hearings before apanel composed of Arthur E. Meyer, H. L.

Derby, and S. H. Dalrymple. It includes aclause providing for voluntary maintenanceof union membership and a voluntary check-off, provided that deductions shall not ex-ceed $1.50 per month.

Walker-Turner Co., Inc.

After 3 days of hearings In the disputebetween the Walker-Turner Co., Inc., Plain-field, N. J., and the United Electrical, Radioand Machine Workers of America, CIO, thepanel of associate Board members hearingthe case was unable to obtain an agreementand referred it to the full Board. Thereare 250 employees involved in the contro-versy, which arose over the union's demandsfor wage increases, union shop, overtime andholiday pay. No date has been set as yetfor the Board hearing.

In addition to the "Little Steel" cases theBoard received certification of 13 new dis-putes, as follows:

American Magnesium Co., Buffalo, N. Y.,and the United Mine Workers of America,CIO; Park Drop Forge Co., Cleveland, Ohio;and the United Automobile Workers, CIO;Murray Ohio Manufacturing Co., Cleveland,Ohio, and the United Automobile Workers,CIO; Bethlehem Shipbuilding Division, NewYork City, and Industrial Union of Marineand Shipbuilding Workers, CIO; PullmanStandard Car Manufacturing Co., Bessemer,Ala., and the International Association of

HILLMAN PRAISES RESULTS

OF AROUND-THE-CLOCK

SHIPBUILDING

West Coast shipyard workers andmanagement were commended Febru-ary 11 by WPB Labor Director Hillman,

for "setting a praiseworthy pace for all

war industries" during their first weekof around-the-clock operation underthe new Pacific zone agreement. (See

Victory, February 3.)

In a letter to John P. Frey, presi-

dent of the Metal Trades Department,

AFL, he cited the "patriotic andhighly constructive action" of the de-

partment and its affiliated metal trades

councils in formulating, together with

shipyard management, "a program for

continuous operation of Pacific Coast

shipyards."

Mr. Hillman also wired to Edgar F.

Kaiser, president of the Oregon Ship-

building Company, Portland, Oreg.,

expressing gratification over "the ex-

cellent production record established

by your company on its first day of

full scale Sunday operations," and add-

ing the praise for the Portland Metal

Trades Council.

Machinists, AFL, and the Steel Workers Or-ganizing Committee, CIO; Screw MachineProducts Co., Providence, R. I., and the Inter-national Association of Machinists, AFL; Vir-ginia Electric & Power Co., Richmond, Va.,

and Amalgamated Association of Street, Elec-tric Railway & Motor Bus Employees of Amer-ica, AFL; Steel Drop Forgers Group, Cleve-land, Ohio, and International Die SinkersConference, independent; Consolidated SteelCorporation, Ltd., Maywood, Calif., and theSteel Workers Organizing Committee, CIO;Remington Rand Co., Inc., New York City,

and the United Electrical, Radio and MachineWorkers, CIO; East Bay Transit Co. and KeySystem, Oakland, Calif., and AmalgamatedAssociation of Street, Electric Railway &Motor Coach Employees of America, AFL;Ryan Aeronautical Co., San Diego, Calif., andUnited Automobile Workers, CIO; and Mu-nicipal Government of Newark, Newark, N. J.,

and State, County, and Municipal Workers ofAmerica, CIO.

Every weapon produced today

is worth 10 next year, Nelson

tells business paper editors

America must face the fact that it

can win the war only if it provides agreatly expanded production of military

goods during the rest of 1942, ChairmanDonald M. Nelson of the War Produc-tion Board told a conference of business

paper editors and publishers February13.

"Every weapon we make today is

worth 10 that we might produce nextyear," Mr. Nelson said. "This year

—

1942—is the critical year in the exist-

ence of the United States. I'm notpainting the picture darkly, but I dobelieve that we who know what Ameri-can industry can do must look at the

situation squarely and see what we cando to make up for lost time.'

"We've lost a lot of time because in-

dustry was fearful of what might happenafter the war if all our productive facili-

ties were overexpanded. Let's stop

thinking about what we'll do when it's

all over and 'start thinking about whatwe're going to do now to prevent it frombeing all over for us.

"We've wasted the golden months in

which we could have got fully ready . . .

But we still have 10 silver months

—

the months which remain in 1942—andin them we can still do things that wenever thought possible."

Getting maximum production at once,

Mr. Nelson said, depends on these

things:

1. Getting greater production out of

the plants and machines which are

now producing war goods. Eventhough the country today is producing

a much greater volume of armamentsthan in 1918, he said, the present vol-

ume is not nearly so great as it mustbecome.

2. Getting military production out

of factories and machines which are

now producing civilian goods—in

other words, by conversion of indus-

try to full war production.

3. Enlisting the services of small

producers, through subcontracting

and through the letting of prime con-

tracts to groups of small manufac-turers who have pooled their facilities.

"The job will take brains and initia-

tive," said Mr. Nelson ; "but we can do it

if we go out with a will, if we stop think-

ing about what we're going to do to the

enemy in 1943 and start thinking about

what we're going to do to him in Febru-

ary and March of 1942."

18 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942

AGRICULTURE . .

.

England's food situation is improved,

analysis shows; Lend-Lease credited

(Information furnished through Office of Agricultural Defense Relations,

U. S. Department of Agriculture)

Moderate but definite improvements

were apparent in the food situation of

the United Kingdom from the spring of

1941 to the outbreak of the war in the

Pacific, according to an analysis of

British food consumption by Dr. J. H.

Richter of the United States Department

of Agriculture.

The survey, which appears in a recent

Issue of "Foreign Agriculture," monthly

publication of the Office of Foreign Agri-

cultural Relations, points out that the

improvements were a direct result of

larger arrivals of foodstuffs from abroad,

especially Lend-Lease supplies from the

United States. Maintenance of the pres-

ent level of British food consumption and

further improvements will depend to a

large extent on the shipping situation,

according to Doctor Richter.

U. S. shipments rich in vitamins

During recent months the Department

has pointed out that food shipments to

the British market under the Lend-Lease

program consisted largely of foods rich

in proteins, vitamins, and minerals.

Since the inauguration of that program

more than 300 million dollars' worth of

evaporated milk, cheese, eggs and egg

products, dried fruits, canned fruits and

vegetables, lard and other pork products,

and other agricultural commodities have

been sent to the United Kingdom.

Despite improvements since the arrival

of Lend-Lease shipments from the United

States, the survey reveals that average

civilian consumption of some foods under

existing British rationing regulations is

still considerably below the average for

prewar years. Thus, average civilian

rations over most of 1941 allowed for a

consumption per person of only between

60 and 70 percent of the prewar level in

the case of meats; a little over 60 percent

in the case of fats; 40 percent in the case

of sugar; and only around one-third in

the case of eggs. Consumption of fish

and fruit is also considerably curtailed.

On the other hand, the 1941 consumption

of bread, potatoes, and vegetables prob-

ably ranged from 10 to 20 percent above

the prewar level, while that of fresh milk

was only slightly lower, although for non-

priority consumers it is now considerably

curtailed.

Dr. Richter points out, however, that

these percentage reductions may some-

what overstate the curtailment in war-

time food consumption since meals served

In restaurants, factory canteens and

other establishments are largely addi-

tional to the rations. He estimates that

on a calorie basis the meals thus served

outside the home may add from 5 to 10

percent to average civilian consumption.

On the whole, "conditions throughout

1941 have steadily moved toward a more

equitable and socially more desirable food

distribution," says Dr. Richter. Govern-

mental subsidies designed to keep downprices of important foodstuffs were sub-

stantially increased, the system of worker

canteens was extended, and distribution

of fresh milk to children and mothers

—

to the needy free or at reduced prices

—

on a definite priority basis was continued.

• * •

Sugar to be provided

to keep bees alive

In order to assure maximum honey

production, A. E. Bowman, chief of the

sugar section of the food supply branch

of the WPB, on February 11 advised bee

producers and apiarists that they will

receive the sugar they need to keep their

bees alive.

Honey is a substitute for sugar and

has important dietary uses. In addition,

bees are indispensable for the pollina-

tion of fruits, vegetables, and forage

crops.

Bee producers and apiarists are re-

stricted in the use of sugar by Order

M-55.

If the quantity of sugar allocated un-

der the order is insufficient, a bee pro-

ducer or apiarist may file an appeal with

the WPB sugar section. Such an appeal

should contain the following informa-

tion:

1. The amount of sugar provided under thequota.

2. The number of colonies of bees underproduction.

3. The deficiency (in terms of 100 poundbags of sugar) which is faced.

4. The specific urgency (in number of

days) as to when the sugar must be delivered.

5. The name of the supplier from whomany purchase is to be made.

Growers encouraged to shift .

to longer staple cotton in '42

to meet war needs

The Department of Agriculture has

announced plans to encourage growers

to shift from the production of short

staple cotton to the longer staple length

in 1942, to make available particular

types of cotton needed to meet military

requirements.

To increase premiums

To encourage this change in planting

practices, Commodity Credit Corpora-

tion will increase the premiums to be

offered on longer staple lengths of cotton

under the 1942 loan program. In addi-

tion, it was stated that CCC will support

the price of American-Egyptian and Sea

Island cotton through a purchase pro-

gram in order to encourage increased

production.

Premiums will be increased on the

longer staple lengths of American Upland

cotton, officials of the Department ex-

plained, to enable producers to realize

the same per acre return from the longer

cottons which have low yields, as from

the shorter cottons which generally have

higher yields.

Differentials established

The premiums and discounts under the

1942 program announced at this time

apply to all rain-grown cotton and also

to irrigated cotton with a staple length

of IYb inches and longer.

Premiums and discounts for irrigated

cottons having a staple length of less

than l'/e inches will be calculated also

on the basis of market value and will be

announced as soon as studies now in

progress are completed.

Rates vary according to zones

Location differentials will be based on the

relative sales value of cotton In domestic

markets. In that portion of the eastern Cot-

ton Belt where cotton Is generally trucked

to mills, the basic loan rates will vary accord-

ing to zones which will extend from eastern

Mississippi and central Tennessee to and In-

cluding Virginia. For the western part of

the Cotton Belt, location differentials will

be based upon actual freight rates to the

concentrated mill area.

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 19

Farmers may use A-10 rating

on materials needed for repair,

upkeep of machinery

Priority assistance for the repair and

maintenance of agricultural machinery

in the hands of American farmers has

been made available by an amendmentto the Repair and Maintenance Order,

issued February 10 by the Division of

Industry Operations.

A farmer who repairs his machines

himself, or the repair man who does it

for him, may now use an A-10 rating on

his orders for necessary materials, from

nuts and bolts to major repair parts.

The rating may be applied by "any person

located in the United States, its Terri-

tories and possessions, using tools or

equipment to repair or maintain agricul-

tural machinery."

Not for capital equipment

The rating may not be used, however,

to obtain or replace items of capital

equipment, nor is there any guarantee

that the A-10 rating will be sufficient to

secure delivery of all types of repair sup-

plies containing scarce materials.

When an order bearing a preference

rating in accordance with the terms of

the February 10 amendment is served

upon a dealer or supplier, the supplier

may extend the rating to obtain the mate-

rial which is ordered, or to replace such

material in his inventory.

Orders to.replace inventories

Suppliers and distributors of materials

to be used for the repair and maintenance

of agricultural machinery who do not

fabricate or change such materials mayaccumulate or "basket" the rated orders

they fill, up to a period of 3 months, until

they can place an order for the minimumcommercial quantity for replacement of

their inventories, provided their inven-

tories are kept to a practicable workingminimum. Suppliers who process the

parts they sell must extend ratings while

rated orders are being filled. In no case

are the suppliers permitted to use the

A-10 rating to obtain materials or parts

in anticipation of receiving rated orders.

Use of the rating assigned by the Feb-ruary 10 amendment to Preference RatingOrder P-100 is subject to the restrictions

of the order and of Priorities RegulationNo. l. Specific restrictions on inventories

and withdrawals from inventory do notapply to producers whose purchases or

withdrawals do not exceed $5,000 in anycalendar quarter.

INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS . .

.

U. S. technicians sent to South Americato help develop resources of rubber,

oils, drugs, and strategic metals

Nelson A. Rockefeller, Coordinator of

Inter-American Affairs, announced Feb-ruary 12 that field parties of mining andagricultural technicians are being sent

to Latin America to aid in expandingproduction of rubber, metals, and other

strategic materials.

To develop natural resources

The groups now going into the field

have been organized under a programworked out in the Office of Inter-Ameri-

can Affairs in cooperation with the Boardol Economic Warfare to provide techni-

cal aid to the other American republics

for development of their natural re-

sources. Seventy-five technicians havebeen assembled from the best skills andexperience in the United States.

The project ties in with plans of the

War Production Board and the Board of

Economic Warfare for increasing sup-plies of strategic and critical materials

in this hemisphere.

To survey wild rubber

in vast Amazon valley

Eleven men have been assigned to the

task of stimulating the gathering of wild

rubber and promoting long-range devel-

opment of rubber-growing in the Ameri-can Hemisphere. Six of these techni-

cians have been sent to Brazil. Theothers are assigned to Colombia, Ecua-dor, Peru, Bolivia, and Central America.At the outset the rubber parties will

concentrate on taking inventory of wild

rubber resources in the vast Amazon Val-

ley and other natural rubber areas of the

Americas, with the objective of increas-

ing shipments to the United States

quickly. Later they will devote more at-

tention to details of buying, distribution

and long-term possibilities of rubber cul-

tivation on a large scale.

More babassu oil sought

A vegetable oil expert has been as-

signed to Brazil to look into ways of in-

creasing the collection of babassu nuts.

Babassu oil is in demand in the United

States to replace oils formerly imported

in large quantity from the Far East,

chiefly coconut oil.

Plans also are being made to provide

technical help for development of newor additional American Hemispheresources of drugs, fibers, oils, and otherproducts now imported.

Eight mineral technicians have beenassigned to Brazil and four to Peru.Others are awaiting assignments.

Outcome of Rio conference

"Need for technical help in developingthe great natural resources of South andCentral America was recognized in therecent inter-American conference at Riode Janeiro," said Mr. Rockefeller . . .

"This is the action phase of coopera-

tion in the economic sphere, as conceivedand advanced at the Rio conference. Thetechnical parties, through their studies

in the field and recommendations, canopen the way for economic developmentsof common benefit to the cooperating na-tions. . . .

The mining technicians will work un-der the supervision of Charles Will

Wright, who recently joined the Office of

Inter-American Affairs.

• • *

U. S., United Kingdom name

Materials Board executives

The Combined Raw Materials Boardannounced February 12 the appointmentof Howard C. Sykes as executive secre-

tary of the Board for the United States

and George Archer as executive secre-

tary for the United Kingdom.

Sykes in defense since 1940

Mr. Sykes came to Washington with

the Defense Commission in June 1940,

and has recently been chief of the stock-

pile and shipping imports branch of the

War Production Board.

Mr. Archer is principal assistant sec-

retary in the Raw Materials Departmentof the British Ministry of Supply.

The Combined Raw Materials Boardwas one of three recently set up by the

President and Prime Minister Churchill

"to further coordination of the United

Nations war effort." William L. Batt is

United States member and Sir Clive Bal-

lieu, British member of the Board.

20 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942

Burlap ceilings cover new, used,

damaged, or resewn materials

Reports of sales of used, damaged, or

resewn burlap at prices higher than the

ceilings applicable to new burlap have

resulted in the Issuance February 11 of

clarifying amendments to Price Sched-

ules Nos. 18 and 55 by OPA Administra-

tor Henderson to prevent further mis-

Interpretatlonsor evasions. Theamendments became effective Feb-

ruary 7.

Schedule applies to all burlap

The burlap price schedule (No. 18) as

originally Issued was intended to cover

not only new material, but used, dam-aged, and resewn burlap as well. Since

Its issuance, OPA has discovered that

some sellers, taking advantage of the

acute demand for burlap, have been dis-

posing of second-hand and damagedmaterials at prices higher than those

obtaining for new burlap under price

ceiling. The amendment makes clear

that the schedule applies to all burlap.

In cases where resewn burlap is madeup of more than one construction, the

maximum price applicable is that at

which the lowest priced component is

ceilinged.

Ceilings on second-hand bags

The amendment to Price Schedule No.

55, which sets ceiling prices on second-

hand bags, is merely to end confusion

that has arisen concerning the pricing

of bags manufactured of second-hand

materials. Under the original schedule,

a second-hand bag was defined as one

that had been used one or more times,

emptied, and then resold for further use

as a container. Sometimes, however,

second-hand bags are ripped apart andthe material reworked into smaller con-

tainers. Containers are also manufac-tured from resewn burlap. It was the

status, under the price schedule, of these

resewn and reworked bags that had been

In doubt. The amendment makes it

clear that any container manufactured

from second-hand material is covered by

the schedule.

• • *

TEXTS OF ORDERS

Texts of all official notices of OEMagencies, as printed in the Federal Reg-

ister, are carried in the weekly Supple-ment of Victory. The Supplement will

be mailed to any paid subscriber of

Victory on request to the Distribution

Section, Division of Information, OEM.

Nylon stocking "dollars per dozen"

maximum prices set by amendment"Dollars per dozen" maximum prices

that manufacturers may charge for

women's Nylon stockings were set Febru-

ary 10, effective that day, by Price

Administrator Henderson through an

amendment to Price Schedule No. 95.

A celling over prices at the wholesale

level also Is established by a provision

forbidding wholesalers and jobbers from

adding more than 10 percent to the

manufacturers' maximums.

Temporary maximum prices for Nylon

hose were imposed by Mr. Henderson

February 5, by a schedule which limited

manufacturers', wholesalers', and job-

bers' prices to the highest prices charged

during the period October 1-October 15,

1941. The amendment converts this

temporary ceiling into actual maximumprices expressed in dollars and cents,

using the October 1-October 15 market

prices as a guide.

Retail sales of Nylon hose are excluded

from the ceiling order. However, Mr.

Henderson pointed out that, given stable

prices at wholesale, there is no reason

for any further advances at retail.

"Retail prices of Nylon are as high as

they should go," he said.

The amendment permits the comple-

tion of all outstanding contracts whichdo not contain prices at variance with

the provisions of the temporary ceiling,

even though these prices may prove to

be above "dollars per dozen" prices set

February 10.

Ceilings set by amendment

Manufacturers' maximum prices for

the various popular constructions andtypes of Nylon stockings as established by

the amendment follow:

Style

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 21

WPB warns against speculative clothing

inventories; will allocate if necessary

R. R. Guthrie, assistant chief of the

Bureau of Industry Branches, said Feb-

ruary 9 that the War Production Board

looks with disfavor upon speculative in-

ventory accumulation by wholesalers,

jobbers, or retailers in the men's,

women's, and children's apparel trades.

To allocate if necessary

He warned that the War Production

Board is prepared to allocate supplies

among all wholesalers, jobbers, or re-

tailers should that become necessary.

Mr. Guthrie stated:

While sales at the wholesale and retail

levels are showing marked increases, in somecases inventories are growing even more

rapidly. We fear that small retailers andsmall manufacturers may be at a competitivedisadvantage in the fall selling season becauseof their relative lnabulty to finance preseasonpurchases.

Asked to examine inventories

For these reasons, wholesalers and re-

tailers are advised carefully to examine their

Inventories and commitments in comparisonwith the same period a year ago and In re-

lationship to trend of sales.

The War Production Board Is prepared toscrutinize and investigate cases In which theincrease of stocks and commitments Is outof proportion to the Increase of sales. It Is

also prepared to take such administrativeaction as may be necessary to allocate thesupply of any item among all wholesalers,Jobbers, or retailers, whenever the Directorof Industry Operations shall determine thatthe appropriate conditions for such actionexist.

All carded cotton poplins

brought under schedule

A regrouping of the poplin classifica-

tions in Price Schedule No. 35, Carded

Grey and Colored Yarn Cotton Goods,

was announced February 10 by OPAAdmnistrator Henderson.

By the change, which takes the form

of an amendment, effective February 10,

1942, the range of poplins covered is

broadened so that all carded fabrics of

that type are now subject to ceiling

prices. The grouping is made on the

basis of warp yarn numbers and of warp

count, with subgroups for different

square-yard weights. The new classes,

and the maximum prices based on the

closing price of spot cotton as of February

9, 1942, are as follows:

Class

22 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942

All OPA schedules to remain in effect

under 1942 price act, says Henderson

Price schedules issued by the Office of determines to be of general applicability.

Price Administration since its creation This policy has been followed in con-on April 11, 1941, will remain in effect nection with all schedules issued duringunder terms of the Emergency Price Con- the past 6 weeks while earlier schedules

trol Act of 1942 and must continue to be have been revised to comply with this

observed, OPA Administrator Henderson requirement. As new amendments to

announced February 13. existing schedules are issued, the titles

Violators subject to penalties°f the ^edules will be changed to Max-imum Price Regulations so as to bring

Violators of either the existing sched- them into conformity with future orders,ules or new regulations will be subject The numbers assigned to the existingto criminal penalties, civil suits for dam- schedules will remain unchanged, how-ages, and injunctions. everj to avoid confUSi n.

There have been 105 price schedules Under terms of the Price Control Act,issued by the OPA, of which a few have a statement of consideration must bebeen revoked. They cover a wide range filed with each new price regulation,of commodities including, particularly, Protest may be filed against provisionsmany of the metals, textiles, chemicals, of any maximum price regulations un-building materials, and manufactured der the statute within 60 days after is-

products. suance of the regulation on grounds ex-

Former schedules remain in effectlsting at that tUne

'or ™thin 60 da?s

from the time that grounds arise to cause"Businessmen who have been operat- SUCh protest

ing under the schedules should clearly -, _. .. „„ ...,„., „ . ."^ Maximum prices under the 60-dayunderstand," Mr. Henderson stated, t „ ... *•.,..,,,.. . . . , .. _ __. ' temporary regulations must be based onthat enactment of the Emergency Price iV. , ™, -^_, „_ - ._ . . . . ... . ..? . ' „ the prices prevailing during the 5 days

Control Act and the establishment of _ , . t . . , _£. ."?, ... :

• . . : prior to their issuance. They must beformal procedures for issuance and en- _ „, j . . __,,,

* ,, ,.. _ . . . . , . r!?, replaced by permanent ceilings if theyforcement of price controls does not viti- ,. . . _, , .. ° ... ,

* *u _j v. j , • , . „ are to remain in effect after the 60 daysate the price schedules previously issued.

have e]aDsedThe Act expressly provides that suchschedules shall remain in effect. The • • •only difference is that we now have moreeffective means of enforcement than Rayon waste Ceiling Correctedheretofore."

Those schedules previously issued have Maximum prices on two grades of

been reviewed by the Administrator and rayon waste are corrected in Amendmenthave been brought into conformance No - ! to Price Schedule 90. The amend-with requirements of the act. The ment, issued February 12 by OPA, wasschedules were to be republished in the effective as of February 11.

Federal Register within the next few Section 1401.59 of the schedule is

days, thus providing businessmen with amended by changing the headnote andan up-to-date set of all price schedules setting forth the following grades andnow in effect after taking account of prices of producers' rayon waste asamendments which may have been made follows:

since their original issuance.1401.59 Appendix A—Maximum Prices

Orders will take one of two forms for Producers' Rayon Waste

Henceforth, price control orders is- price per pound f.o.b.sued by the OPA will take one of two Grades: shipping point

forms: (a) Maximum price regulations Unbleached open waste, semi-

(these will be similar to the price sched- B l e a

c

hfd^mY-dun'll^-coarll$°'

"

ules already issued); and (b) Tempo- threads- .1750

rary maximum price regulations, which Sg^M ffifa-flni '

175°

will remain in effect for 60 days. semi-coarse .1650

In Issuing the maximum price regula- Through error in computation, thetlons the Administrator must ascertain price for unbleached open waste, semi-and consider the prices prevailing for coarse, had been designated 22 M> centsthe commodity in question between Oc- a pound, and that for undesulphuredtober 1 and October 15, 1941, subject to thread at 19 cents in the originaladjustments for relevant factors as be schedule.

Terms of mercury contracts

prior to February 4 allowed if

stocks were on hand or in transit

Dealers in mercury who had stocks onhand or in transit on February 4, 1942,

in order to meet sales contracts madeprior to that date, will be permitted to

deliver such stocks at contract prices

until March 2, 1942. This ruling wasmade in Amendment No. 1 to MercuryPrice Schedule No. 93, OPA Administra-

tor Henderson announced February 12.

To protect against loss

Within 10 days after making such de-

livery, dealers must submit to OPA a

verified statement giving name and ad-

dress of the purchaser; date on which

the sale contract was made; form of the

contract; quantity of mercury which the

dealer had on hand, or in transit, onFebruary 4, 1942; quantity of mercurydelivered under the contract of sale after

February 4; date or dates of such deliv-

ery; and the selling price.

This amendment, issued February 10,

1942, is designed to protect against finan-

cial loss dealers who, on February 4, 1942

(effective date of the schedule) , had mer-

cury on hand or in transit bought at

prices higher than the established maxi-

mum prices, in order to fulfill sales con-

tracts made prior to February 4.

Exception

However, OPA quarters emphasized

that the amendment does not apply to

dealers having unsold inventories of mer-

cury on or after February 4, either in

transit or in their own hands. Suchmercury may not be sold for more than

the established ceilings.

• • *

Price ceilings on export sales

to hold for all shipments

Maximum price schedules covering ex-

port, as well as domestic sales, apply to

all deliveries on and after the date speci-

fied in the schedule whether or not a

shipment has been licensed for export,

it was announced jointly February 13

by the Office of Price Administration and

the Board of Economic Warfare.

Attention was called to the fact that

the new Emergency Price Control Act of

1942 gives the Price Administrator the

power to set maximum prices for export,

as well as for domestic, sales. In this

connection, OPA stated that export price

regulations will be strictly enforced.

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 23

Asphalt and products

added to petroleum ceiling

;

price increases permitted

Price increases for asphalt and asphalt

products are permitted in AmendmentNo. 3 to Price Schedule No. 88 (Petroleum

and Petroleum Products) issued Febru-

ary 10. The amendment was effective

as of February 9, 1942.

Maximum prices for roofing flux east

of the Rocky Mountains are increased

approximately 75 cents per ton over

contract prices made January 1, 1941,

and $1 a ton and upward for the sameproducts sold west of the Rockies. Theamendment sets maximum prices in

dollars and cents by areas.

(Early in December OPA requested

members of the industry to maintain

prices at the January 1, 1941, level, pend-

ing a study.)

For roofing asphalt, maximum prices

are established at no greater differential

over roofing flux prices than the dif-

ferentials in effect January 1, 1941.

Determining maximums for paving

asphalt, cut-back asphalt, asphalt emul-

sion and road oils, the amendmentprovides that the maximum price for

shipment to a given destination shall be

no higher than the weighted average of

prices provided in the three contracts of

sale (or sales if not preceded or accom-panied by contracts of sale) governing

the largest volume, made between July 1,

1941, and October 15, 1941, for a product

of like specifications and quality shipped

to the same destination. If this is not

possible, alternate methods are provided.

• * *

Plumbing suppliers not limited

to carload lots of lead

Clarification of provisions establishing

maximum prices for primary and sec-

ondary lead sold by plumbing supply

houses is made in Amendments No. 2

both to Price Schedule No. 69 (primary

lead) and Price Schedule No. 70 (sec-

ondary lead) , it was announced Feb-ruary 13 by Administrator Henderson.The amendments, effective February

10, 1942, reword provisions of the sched-ules to make it clear that plumbing supply

houses are not limited to carload lot sales

of lead, but may sell less-than-carload

lots as well. The misunderstandingarose because plumbing supply housesare required to use the carload lot prices

for lead established by OPA as bases in

the determination of their own ceiling

prices.

Ceilings set on gears, pinions, sprockets,

and speed reducers to check price rise

Formal price ceilings, based on Octo-ber 15, 1941, levels, are established ongears, pinions, sprockets, and speed re-

ducers under Price Schedule No. 105,

OPA Administrator Henderson an-nounced February 12.

The schedule, effective February 18,

1942, is the first in this particular line.

It is also the last schedule to be filed

prior to Mr. Henderson's official induc-

tion into office. In the future, there

will be maximum price regulations andtemporary maximum price regulations.

Demand far outstrips output

Gears, pinions, sprockets, and speed

reducers are essential in transmission

of power and a necessity in the warproduction program. During 1941,

prices of these articles increased sharply.

Demand lately has far outstripped even

a more than doubled output, so that,

barring price curbs, prices would be ex-

pected to continue upward. A verbal

request to gear manufacturers to re-

frain from selling at prices higher thanthose in effect October 1-15, 1941, wasmade January 27 at a Washington meet-ing with the industry.

This was followed by the formal order

of February 12, indicating that no man-ufacturer producing these articles for

sale separately shall charge more thanhis net price in effect October 15, 1941.

On nonstandard products, manufactur-ers are to compute the price to be

charged on the basis of labor rates andmaterial costs as of October 15, 1941, by

use of the estimating formula used bythem as of that date.

New classification

In a new approach to the classification

problem, OPA has set up three cate-

gories: standard, recurring specials, andspecial items.

Standard items are defined by OPA asthose in price lists In effect October 15 last.

They are forbidden to be sold in excess ofthe October 15 price, which Is the list price,less all applicable discounts as of that date.In this way, provision is made for the pricedifferentials based upon quantity differences,which are customary In this industry.

Special items are those which have neverbeen made before. They are to be priced onthe basis of October 15 labor and materialcosts by use of estimating methods andprice-setting standards employed by themanufacturer on that date.Recurring specials are defined as any item

of which two orders have been or may bereceived subsequent to February 18, 1941,and of which $1,000 worth for 500 items havebeen sold during that period. When an itemwhich has been sold during the year endingFebruary 18. 1942, is first sold after Febru-ary 18, the price is to be set the same way as

for a special Item, except that the manufac-turer is to use his experience as to machinehours and materials required for the order.The price charged on that sale then becomesthe maximum price for all subsequent orders.When an item Is first sold after February

18 as a special Item and then, because of arepeat order or repeat orders, becomes arecurring special, the manufacturer Is like-wise to use his production experience inpricing the item for the later sale. In thiscase, the price charged on the later saleof the item under the schedule becomes themaximum price.

A system of monthly reports covering

sales of those products defined as recur-

ring specials is provided for in the sched-

ule.

* * *

Nonferrous foundry meetings

to be held all over U. S.

A series of regional meetings for the

nonferrous foundry industry will be con-

ducted throughout the country by OPA, to

discuss the industry's price problems, with

particular reference to the letter andquestionnaire sent them January 30, OPAAdministrator Henderson announcedFebruary 7.

Regional meetings in 17 cities

Regional meetings are scheduled ten-

tatively for 17 cities over the country.

Invitations will be sent out.

Mr. Henderson's letter of January 30

asked for an informal ceiling on non-

ferrous castings prices at not higher than

those levels prevailing between October

1-15, 1941. Furthermore, foundries were

asked to fill out a questionnaire covering

sales, costs, and profits data and return

to OPA before February 15, 1942. This

stabilization order and the questionnaire

will constitute the major subject for dis-

cussion at the meetings.

Plans called for four meetings during

the week of February 9—in Philadelphia,

New York, Rochester, and Boston.

During the week beginning February 18meetings are scheduled at the St. Paul Hotel,St. Paul. Minn., at 3:30 p. m. on February 17;at the Hotel Stevens, Chicago, at 2 p. m.February 18; at the Book Cadillac Hotel InDetroit, at 2 p. m. February 19; and at theStatler Hotel In Cleveland, Ohio, February 20at 2 p. m.Meetings are scheduled for February 27, at

2 p. m., at Denver; March 2, at 9 a. m., inSeattle; March 3, at 2:30 p. m., In San Fran-cisco; and March 5, at 2 p. m., in Los Angeles.

Details on the meetings tentatively sched-uled for Cincinnati, March 10; Kansas City,

Mo., March 11; Dallas, March 12; Memphis,Tenn., March 13, and in Atlanta, wiU be madepublic when available.

24 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942

PURCHASES . .

.

Contract review system, being set up by WPB,

explained to Senate group by MacKeachieTo explain the central accounting con-

trol being established by the War Pro-

duction Board over the vast output of

munitions under its supervision, Douglas

C. MacKeachie, Director of Purchases,

appeared on February 12 before the Spe-

cial Senate Committee Investigating the

Defense Program. He said there was

being set up in the Purchases Division

of the War Production Board a Contract

Review Branch, which will have the

power to "clear" contracts proposed by

the war agencies, and will maintain rec-

ords and analyze from the standpoint

of cost, and otherwise, contracts already

made. The review organization also

will recommend to the Procurement

Policy Committee policies and pro-

cedures which may appear desirable in

the light of its audit, he said.

Rather than duplicate the accounting

organizations of the War and Navy De-

partments, Mr. MacKeachie explained,

the War Production Board will rely pri-

marily upon these, but will be ready to

undertake additional audits when neces-

sary. He invited the cooperation of the

Senate committee in developing the pro-

gram.

Mr. MacKeachie's remarks follow, in

part:

I asked to appear before this committeebecause we have studied carefully the recom-mendations on reviewing contracts containedIn your report of January 15 and given to

me directly by members of the committee,together with those of the VWon Committee,and I should like to tell you briefly what weplan to do and to answer so far as I canany questions which may be In your minds.

Favors negotiated contracts

First, let me say that we have In mindrecommending the following policies:

1. That war procurement contracts beplaced by negotiation rather than uponthe basis of competitive bids. This methodwill enable the Government to make themost effective utilization of available pro-ductive capacity. It will eliminate thegreat volume of work and considerable de-lay which are Involved in the procedure of

placing contracts on a bid basis. Of course,

I will not preclude asking for quotationsfrom various sources where that procedureis desirable.

2. That contracts for standard commer-cial items be placed generally with thesmaller manufacturers, leaving the facili-

ties of larger concerns available for themore difficult production tasks.

3. That contracts contain a standardclause for renegotiation under stated con-ditions.

This last recommendation embodies oneof the recommendations of your committee.As I read your report, your committee rec-

ommends: (1) That contracts should be re-viewed carefully after execution, in regardto protection of the Government's Interest,

prices, delivery dates and terms; (2) thatcontracts ordinarily should Include provi-sions permitting adequate review and rene-gotiations; and (3) that such provisionsshould be actively used.

Cites War Powers bill

As you know, title XIV of the Second WarPowers bill, now pending, specifically pro-

vides for the Inspection and audit of theplant and books of any contractor withwhom a defense contract has been placedsince September 8, 1939. These powers, to-

gether with the powers of renegotiationgranted by the First War Powers Act, will

put us In a much better position to carry outthese recommendations.We are, therefore, setting up In the Pur-

chases Division of the War Production Boarda Contract Review Branch. The functionsof this Branch will be:

(A) To clear, prior to execution, suchcontracts or proposals for contracts by Gov-ernment agencies as the Chairman, WPB,shall direct. Arrangements necessary to

avoid delay in the execution of contracts

will be effected with each contracting

agency.(B) To maintain a record of all substan-

tial contracts placed by the War, Navy, arid

such other departments and agencies as the

Chairman, WPB, shall direct.

(C) To analyze, from the standpoint

of cost and otherwise, such contracts as

the Chief of the Contract Pveview Branchshall select, with a view to recommendingto the Director of Purchases audits or suchother actions as may be deemed necessary

and to perform such audits as the Direc-

tor may authorize.(D) To recommend to the Procurement

Policy Committee the adoption of suchpolicies and procedures as may be deemednecessary.

Although we retain the right to clear con-tracts prior to execution in clause A, we an-ticipate that to expedite the program, clear-

ance will be delegated to the procurementagencies under our supervision except underspecial conditions and the Contract ReviewBranch will concentrate on the examinationof contracts after they have been executed.

Every effort will be made to catch serious

improprieties in the original clearance, whilethose matters requiring extended examina-tion will be the responsibility of the Con-tract Review Branch. To do this, we shall

ask the contracting agencies to supply uswith copies of all substantial letters of in-

tent, contracts, and changes made in original

contracts.

Won't cause delay, he says

This procedure will not delay the programbecause our work can be done after produc-tion is under way. If our review and analysis

reveals that further information is needed,

we shall tie in closely with the auditing staffs

of the various contracting agencies and usethem in inspecting and auditing whereverpossible. It would not be sound adminis-tration, in my Judgment, for us to undertaketo duplicate existing auditing staffs. Weshall, however, build up an Inspecting andauditing staff for use when, for any reason,

a contracting agency is unable to do the JobItself.

The point of view with which we are ap-

proaching this Job is quite simple. We rec-ognize that quantity of production and speedof delivery of needed military goods are thefirst essentials, and that contracting agenciesshould put them first. On the other hand,we do not believe for one moment that prices

and more particularly costs should be forgot-ten. Costs are Important not only becauseof the effect on the taxpayer, but also becausehigh cost for a particular item frequentlymeans that materials, machinery, labor, andmanagement are being used Inefficiently.

To spur efficiency

In other words, If we compare the prices

of several companies for the same item andfind that they differ widely, it may mean thatsome of the companies are realizing large

profits, or It may mean that the costs of somecompanies are very much higher than thoseof Others. If costs are higher, we shouldknow it and know why they are higher. If

we know why they are higher, we can either

see to it that suggestions for more efficient

operation are made by our production people,

or we can consider whether the high-costcompanies should not manufacture somethingelse which they can handle more efficiently.

In some instances, of course, we may con-clude that our need for the particular Itemis so great that we must have the outputof all the companies, high cost and low cost,

and pay the prices necessary. In many otherinstances, moreover, to carry out the policy

of bringing large numbers of smaller concernsInto war production, particularly on standardand semi-standard commercial Items, we shall

have to pay prices higher than otherwisewould be necessary. But we shall know whyit is necessary and make our decisionsaccordingly.

• • •

Purchases assigns MacPherson,

deputy director, to Procurement

Douglas C. MacKeachie, Director of the

Division of Purchases, WPB, announcedFebruary 10 the appointment of JamesMacPherson, of Larkspur, Calif., as dep-

uty director assigned to the Procurement

Division of the Treasury Department.

At Treasury Procurement, Mr. Mac-Pherson will represent the Division of

Purchases of WPB in handling lend-lease

purchases and also assisting Clifton Mack,

Director of Treasury Procurement, In

coordinating the nonrnilitary purchases

of Government agencies. He will also

be a member of the Procurement Policy

Committee of WPB.

• * *

Martin named assistant

director of purchases

John A. Martin, of Oak Park, 111., has

been appointed assistant director of pur-

chases in charge of perishable foods

operations, Douglas C. MacKeachie, di-

rector of the Division of Purchases oX

WPB, announced February 10.

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 25

Ban on use of bright parts

already fabricated is lifted

for stove manufacturers

The limitation order restricting the

production of domestic cooking ap-

pliances was amended February 7 by

substituting a prohibition against fabri-

cation of "bright work" parts using cop-

per, nickel, chromium, or aluminum for

the previous flat prohibition against the

use of any such parts even if already

fabricated.

Limitation Order L-23, which restricts

use of iron and steel in the manufacture

of a wide variety of stoves, ranges, andother domestic cooking appliances dur-

ing the period January 1-April 30,

banned the use after February 1 of any"bright work," metal finish or trim con-

taining copper, nickel, chrome, or

aluminum.

Not useful elsewhere

Many of these parts already have beenfabricated, and could serve no useful

purpose elsewhere if manufacturers were

denied the right to use them. In lifting

the ban so that inventories can be ex-

hausted, WPB ruled that no critical

materials can be processed to increase

these inventories, except for purely func-

tional parts where the use of less critical

materials would seriously impair opera-

tion of the product.

* • *

Steel casting committee

The formation of a steel casting in-

dustry advisory committee was an-nounced February 12 by the Bureau of

Industry Advisory Committees, WPB.C. E. Adams, chief of the iron and steel

branch, is Government presiding of-

ficer. Committee members are

:

D. C. Bakewell, vice president, Union SteelCastings Co., Pittsburgh; William E. Butts,vice president. General Metals Corporation,Oakland. Calif.: Herbert Parrell, Jr., vicepresident, Farrel!-Check Steel Co., Sandusky,Ohio; Burtner Fleeger, president and gen-eral manager, Oklahoma Steel Casting Co.,Tulsa, Okla.; T. H. Harvey, vice presidentand secretary, The Ohio Steel Foundry Co.,Lima, Ohio; Oliver E. Mount, secretary-treasurer, American Steel Foundries, Chi-cago; Frank M. Robbins, president, RossMeeham Foundries. Chattanooga; C. L. Snow-don, Jr., vice president, Reliance Steel Cast-ing Co., Pittsburgh; Charles J. Symington,president, The Symington Gould Corpora-tion, 230 Park Avenue, New York; CharlesP. Whitehead, vice president, General SteelCasting Corporation, Eddystone, Pa.; Wil-liam H. Worrilow, president, Lebanon SteelFoundry, Lebanon, Pa.

ARMY FORMS NEW

FLYING TRAINING COMMANDA Flying Training Command of the

Army Air Corps, centralizing the task of

providing approximately 30,000 newpilots, observers, navigators, and other

personnel required for the 1942 airplane

production program, has been created

under the Chief of the Air Corps, the WarDepartment announced January 29.

* •• •

Limitation by Critical List

removed from some ratings

Limitations imposed by reference to

the Priorities Critical List of the Armyand Navy Munitions Board in a numberof preference rating or "P" orders were

removed February 11 by issuance of

Priorities Regulation No. 6.

A number of general preference orders

which were written before August 1941,

when the Critical List was last amended,

provide that the ratings assigned by such

orders shall not be applied except to

items which appear on the List. Theregulation issued February 11 removes

this limitation and allows the ratings

assigned by any "P" order to be used

on deliveries of any material otherwise

covered by the order. It does not, how-

ever, remove any special restrictions or

special materials lists which may be

specifically included in the terms of any

order.

The Defense Housing Critical List,

which constitutes a limitation on the

use of preference ratings assigned by De-

fense Housing project ratings, remains

in full force and effect.

Cuts out red tape

The purpose of Priorities Regulation

No. 6 is to eliminate the necessity for a

large number of individual applications

on PD-1A forms for ratings to be used

in obtaining material by industries which

operate under "P" orders, but have been

limited heretofore by the Priorities

Critical List.

The Priorities Critical List, as it ap-

plied to ratings assigned under the Armyand Navy Munitions Board directive,

was abolished effective February 2, by

an amendment to Priorities Division

Administrative Order No. 1 which was

issued by the Priorities Division of OPMbefore creation of the War Production

Board, and subsequently validated by

WPB.

Oil equipment restrictions

apply to foreign sales

just as to domestic

Foreign companies purchasing ma-terials and equipment in the United

States for the production or marketing

of petroleum and petroleum products will

be treated on the same basis as United

States companies with respect to con-

servation of materials.

Interpretations of Conservation Or-

ders M-68 and M-68-c issued February 7

by the Director of Industry Operations

explain that the provisions of these

orders apply to all deliveries of materials

from the United States, whether in this

country, in United States territories andpossessions, or in foreign countries.

The most important restriction im-

posed by Conservation Order M-68 pro-

vides that materials shall not be used

for new wells except where a uniform

well-spacing pattern of not more than

one oil well to each 40 acres is followed.

New natural-gas wells are limited to one

well for each 640 acres.

Conservation Order M-68-c bans con-

struction of new marketing facilities or

improvement of existing facilities, in-

cluding filling stations, without specific

permission from the Director of Industry

Operations.

An Interpretation of Preference Rat-

ing Order P-98, which extends priority

assistance to the petroleum industry, was

also issued to make it clear that this

order applies only to deliveries of ma-terial to be used within the United States,

its territories and possessions. Similar

assistance is extended to foreign com-

panies by Preference Rating Order

P-98-a, when they are individually au-

thorized to operate under its provisions.

• * *

Mayors' aid sought in salvaging

waste from dumps, incinerators

In a letter made public recently,

Lessing J. Rosenwald, chief of the Bureau

of Industrial Conservation, urged the

mayors of every city in the United States

to initiate measures for efficient salvag-

ing of waste materials from municipal

dumps and incinerators.

It has been estimated that several mil-

lion tons of waste materials of all kinds,

now being destroyed, could be salvaged

annually from municipal dumps and in-

cinerators.

26 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942

Use dark dye shades sparingly,

Guthrie cautions; needed (or

armed forces

Dark shades of dye should be used

sparingly in the finishing of cloth for

civilian use, R. R. Guthrie, assistant

chief of the Bureau of Industry Branches,

told a meeting of the cotton and rayon

finishes Industry advisory committee in

Washington, February 13.

"The armed forces will require large

Quantities of dyes, especially those of the

anthraquinone vat class," Mr. Guthrie

said.

"Most of the raw materials from which

dyes are made are also needed in large

quantities for other parts of the military

program.

To curtail civilian use

"As a result, certain dyes will not be

available for civilian uses and the quan-

tity of those available will be reduced to

about 50 percent of last year's supply.

Therefore, all plans for the future uses

of dyes should be made with these con-

siderations in mind. These plans should

involve limitation of dark shades and a

reduction in depth of shades and of cov-

erage in the case of printed material."

The membership of the committee fol-

lows:

Tracy Adams, vice president and generalmanager, Arnold Print Works, North Adams,Mass.; R. W. Arrlngton, president, UnionBleachery, Greenville, S. C; W. H. Bannon,vice president and general manager, DefianceBleachery, Barrowsville, Mass.; P. G. Brown,president, The Apponaug Co., Apponaug, B. I.;

Helmus, Fair Lawn Finishing Co., Fair Lawn,N. J.; A. W. Hardwick, treasurer, Delta Fin-ishing Co., Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa.; C. B.Hayes, vice president, Pacific Mills, Lyman,8. C.; James E. Hooper, vice president, WilliamE. Hooper & Sons Co., Woodberry, Baltimore,Md.; J. D. Lippman, vice president, Textile

Leather Corporation, Toledo Dye Works, To-ledo, Ohio.W. R. Maclntyre, vice president. Jos. Ban-

croft & Sons Co., Wilmington, Del.; J. F.Marble, president, Waldrich Co., Delawanna,N. J.; G. A. McClatchle, executive vice presi-

dent and treasurer, D. S. Finishing Co., Nor-wich, Conn.; J. K. Milliken, treasurer, Mt.Hope Finishing Co., North Dighton, Mass.;

A. G. Poor, vice president and manager,Standard Bleachery & Printing Co., CarltonHill, N. J.; J. Robertson, president and treas-

urer, North Carolina Finishing Co., Salisbury,

N. C; H. R. Stephenson, president, SouthernBleachery & Print Works, Inc., Taylors, S. C;George Summersby, president, Bradford Dye-ing Assn., Bradford, R. 1.; F. A. Tagllabue,president, Palisade Piece Dye Works, Inc.,

North Bergen, N. J.

* • •

FEBRUARY LEAD POOL

The February lead pool February 9 wasset at 15 percent of December 1941 pro-

duction, unchanged from last month, bythe Director of Industry Operations.

Canadian firms to get same priority aid

extended to United States applicants

A further step toward coordinating the

war efforts of the United States andCanada was taken February 10 when the

Division of Industry Operations adopted

procedures to make priority assistance

available to Canadian firms on substan-

tially the same basis as the United States

applicants.

On products not obtainable in Canada

Hereafter, Canadian firms purchasing

materials or manufactured products in

the United States for war or essential

civilian use may apply priority ratings

in accordance with the terms of all ap-

propriate general preference rating or-

ders, or may submit individual applica-

tions for priority assistance which will

be handled in Washington exactly as if

they came from applicants in the United

States. Priority ratings on orders ad-

dressed to United States firms will be

granted only when the material or prod-

uct is unobtainable in Canada.

Canadian firms wishing to apply the

ratings assigned by general preference

orders must first make application

through the Canadian Department of

Munitions and Supply, which will for-

ward the applications to Washington.

To facilitate handling of individual Ca-nadian applications for priority assistance, aUnited States priorities specialist has beenappointed, to be located at the Office of theDepartment of Munitions and Supply, Ot-tawa, Canada. Canadian applications forratings under United States priority regula-tions should be sent to the Department ofMunitions and Supply, Ottawa, ReferenceUnited States Priorities Specialist. When theapplications are found to be In proper formand are cleared as to general policy, theywill be forwarded to Washington and handledexactly like all other applications.

An amendment to the repair andmaintenance order, P-100, was issued

February 10 to permit Canadian firms to

take advantage of its provisions, uponapplication, when a copy of the order

has been specifically issued in their namewith a serial number.

The steps taken February 10 to facili-

tate extension of United States priority

assistance to Canadian firms constitute

a practical application of the general

policy of coordinating the war efforts of

the two countries which was enunciated

on December 23 by President Roosevelt

after a conference with Canadian Prime

Minister Mackenzie King.

Soap and glycerine committee

Formation of a soap and glycerine

industries advisory committee was an-

nounced February 2 by the Bureau of In-

dustry Advisory Committees. Members:

R. R. Deupree, president, The Proctor &Gamble Co., Gwynne Building, Cincinnati,

Ohio; F. A. Countway, president, LeverBrothers Co., Cambridge, Mass.; E. A. Moss,general manager, Swift & Co. Soap Works,Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111.; A. R. Robson,vice president, Fels & Co., 73d St. and Wood-land Ave., Philadelphia, Pa.; E. B. Hurlburt,president, The J. B. Williams Co., Glaston-bury, Conn.; N. S. Dahl, general manager,John T. Stanley Co., 626 West 30th St., NewTork, N. Y.; L. Webb, Jr., president, Hunne-well Soap Co., 114 West 2d St., Cincinnati,

Ohio; W. C. Hardesty, president, W. C. Hard-esty Co., 41 East 42d St., New York, N. Y.;

J. S. Macintosh, president and treasurer, TheHolbrook Mfg. Co., Coles and 18th St., Jersey

City, N. J.; E. H. Little, president, Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Co., 105 Hudson St., Jersey

City, N. J.; Dan Flick, general manager.Armour & Co. Soap Works, Union StockYards, Chicago, 111.; F. H. Merrill, president,

Los Angeles Soap Co., 617 East First St.,

Lob Angeles, Calif.; H. D. Banta, president,

Iowa Soap Co., 810 Valley St., Burlington,Iowa; Gordon Fulton, president. Beach SoapCo., Lawrence, Mass.; Russel H. Young, presi-

dent, The Davies-Young Soap Co., NorthFindlay St., Dayton, Ohio; R. H. Glebel, vice

president, Harshaw Chemical Co., 1945 East97th St., Cleveland, Ohio; Werner G. Smith,president, Werner G. Smith Co., 2191 West110th St., Cleveland, Ohio. J. B. Davis is

Government presiding officer.

Hargis named regional director

for OPA Kansas City office

Appointment of Benjamin L. Hargis

of Kansas City as regional director for

the Kansas City regional office of the

Office of Price Administration was an-

nounced February 13 by Administrator

Henderson.

• * *

8 named to accounting division

Eight appointments to the division of

accounting, analysis and review of OPAwere announced February 13 by H. F.

Taggart, chief.

John S. Bartlett was appointed chief

of the rubber section. William A. Bolton

and Edward W. McGibbon were named

to the steel section. Richard J. Crofton

was appointed to the machinery section.

William R. Fablinger was named to the

copper and brass section. Frank E.

Hausherr was appointed to the lumber

and building materials section. Clement

C. Jones was named to the machinery

section. Samuel C. Mack was appointed

to the consumer durable goods section.

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 27

Large users of coal, coke urged

to build up inventories

for possible emergencies

Large users of coal and coke, especi-

ally utilities and industrial users, are

being urged by the Division of Industry

Operations to build up their inventories

as much as possible to avoid the danger

of having to suspend operations in case

of an emergency.

Other inventories restricted

General Inventory Order M-97, issued

February 15, revokes the inventory re-

strictions imposed by Priorities Regula-

tion No. 1 insofar as they apply to coal

and coke. This order was issued Upon

recommendation of the Office of Solid

Fuel Coordinator.

The order will enable large users to

' take advantage of the fact that there is

at present considerable excess production

of coal and coke, and transportation

available for distribution of these ma-terials.

Inventory restrictions are relaxed for

coal and coke only.

* * •

ELECTRIC HEATING PAD

COMMITTEE

The Bureau of Industry Advisory Com-mittees has announced the formation of

an electric heating pad manufacturers

industry advisory committee with the

following membership:

William Bradford, president, The WalkerCo.. Mlddleboro, Mass.; W. G. Church, Jr.,

vice president. Samson-United Corporation,Rochester, N. T.; M. F. Fitzgerald, treasurer,Fitzgerald Mfg. Co., Winsted, Conn.; M. E.Flanner, owner-general manager, Norris Elec-tric Mfg. Co.. Paterson, N. J.; A. S. Knapp,president, Knapp Monarch Co., St. Louis, Mo.;David McKendrick, president, Glen ElectricCorporation, New York. N. Y.; H. M. Parsons,sales manager, Landers, Frary & Clark, NewBritain, Conn.; Orville Rush, attorney forcompany, Vit-O-Net Co., Washington, D. C;Edward P. Russell, treasurer, Northern Elec-tric Co., Chicago, 111.; H. C. Wright, ChicagoFlexible Shaft Co.. Chicago, B.I.: A. O. Sam-uels, vice president, Casco Products Corpora-tion, Bridgeport, Conn.; Milton Silverman,president, Varick Electric Mfg. Co., New York,N. Y.; William Simon, president, Lobl Manu-facturing Co., Middleboro, Mass.; H. L. Stiles,Com. engineer, General Electric, Bridgeport,Conn.; John A. Underwood, president. Man-ning. Bowman & Co., Meriden, Conn.; GeorgeT. Newell, Jr., George T. Newell, Inc., Burling-ton, N J.; F. Thatcher Lane, Seamless Rub-ber Co., New Haven, Conn.; L. Ludwig, EagleElectric Mfg. Co., Brooklyn, N. Y.; H. M. Bab-cock. Battle Creek Equipment Co., BattleCreek. Mich.; The Magnecoil Co., Salt LakeCity, Utah; The National Stamping andElectric Works, Chicago, 111.

NEW FIELD OFFICES

Additional WPB Contract Distribution

offices have been opened, bringing the

total to 117. The new offices are as fol-

lows:

Ft. Smith, Ark.—13 North Seventh

Street.

New Haven, Conn.—514 Liberty Build-

ing, 154 Temple St.

Peoria, III.—Second floor. Alliance

Building. .

Decatur, III—308 Standard Office

Building.

Grand Rapids, Mich.—1014 Michigan

National Bank Building, 77 Monroe Ave.,

NW.Iron Mountain, Mich.—400 Commer-

cial National Bank Building.

Vtica, N. Y.—First National BankBuilding, Genessee St.

Canton, Ohio.—601 Commercial Build-

ing, 305 Market Ave., South.

Huntington, W. Va.—309-311 West

Virginia Building.

Appleton, Wis.—341 West College Ave.

* * *

Ban extended on sales of '42

trucks, truck trailers

The ban on sales of 1942 model light,

medium, and heavy trucks and truck

trailers was extended February 12 from

February 11 until February 28.

Rationing plans not completed

Rationing plans for these vehicles have

not been completed. The extension of

the present sales ban, issued as amend-

ments to Limitation Orders L-l-c and

L-3-e, prohibits the retail sale, lease,

trade, loan, delivery, shipment, or trans-

fer of any new light, medium, or heavy

truck or truck trailer.

The restrictions do not apply to sales

or deliveries by a distributor or dealer

to another distributor or to another

dealer nor to persons exempted under

Amendment 1 to the original "freeze"

order including the Army and Navy andcertain other persons.

Some to be released

The WPB announced, however, that

some vehicles will be released on indi-

vidual appeal by letter or telegram prior

to the issuance of the rationing plan if

both the purchaser and manufactureror dealer certify that a particular ve-

hicle has been constructed to specifica-

tions such as to make it not adaptable for

any use other than that of the specific

purchaser.

Plan of Field Bureau

further explained

by its chief

The working plan of the new WPBField Operations Bureau was further ex-

plained February 12 by L. EdwardScriven, chief, in a memorandum to all

Contract Distribution Division managers,

State directors, priorities district man-agers, and priorities regional directors.

The statement follows:

The Bureau of Field Operations has beenestablished for the coordination of all fieldactivities of the War Production Board. Itwill operate under the jurisdiction of theIndustry Operations Division.As rapidly as possible the field offices of

the contract distribution branch of the Pro-duction Division and the Priorities Branch ofthe Industry Operations Division will becombined under district and branch admin-istrators for the War Production Board.The field operations of other divisions of theWar Production Board will similarly bebrought under the same Jurisdiction. Laterit is Intended to divide the country intoregions with regional administrators.

Bureau to exercise general supervision

The Bureau of Field Operations will exer-cise a general supervisory control over all

field operations of the War Production Boardto the end that industry may be expedi-tiously guided in its relationship to war pro-duction and will also handle all matters re-lating to accounting, budgets, personnel,travel, office location, etc.

The operations in the field for each divi-sion or branch thereof, however, will be spe-cifically directed by the corresponding unitof the War Production Board In Washington.In all the larger War Production Board field

offices there will be managers for the opera-tions of each corresponding division orbranch in Washington. In some of thesmaller branch offices, various operationsmay have to be combined in the hands ofthe same man. Day to day operating in-structions will be executed through thesechannels.

To clear up conflicts

All general directives as to policy, scope of

operation and informational bulletins, will

be cleared through the Bureau of FieldOperations. Any matter of dispute, overlap-

ping of functions or Jurisdiction will betaken up and settled through the channelsof the Bureau of Field Operations.The Bureau of Field Operations stands

ready to cooperate fully with all of theother divisions of the War Production Boardto the common end that the war productionprogram be executed in the shortest possible

time.

• * •

Mill, warehouse, foundry

copper sale only on A-10 rating

Copper and copper products cannot

be sold by mills, warehouses, or foundries

except on preference ratings of A-10 or

higher, according to an amendment Is-

sued February 6 to Order M-9-a.

28 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942

HOUSING . .

.

Slum-clearance projects in four localities

to be converted for defense housing; newhomes slated for other defense areas

President Roosevelt February 9 and 10

approved defense housing projects pro-

viding 15,637 homes for families of in-

dustrial defense workers and enlisted per-

sonnel in 21 localities, upon the recom-

mendation of Charles P. Palmer, Coor-

dinator of Defense Housing.

7,792 of permanent nature

Localities and the type and number of

homes planned for each are as follows:

FEDERAL WOEKS AGENCY

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 29

Maximum efficiency asked

of bus operators to

help war effort

Joseph B. Eastman, Director of De-

fense Transportation, February 9 called

upon all bus operators and their em-ployees to help the war effort by operat-

ing buses at maximum efficiency.

In a letter addressed to all public-

carrier bus operators, approximately

4,000 in number, using upwards of 60,000

vehicles, Mr. Eastman said:

Today, with our country at war, the safe

and efficient transportation of passengers bybuses becomes an essential part of thenationlal victory effort. Nothing must bepermitted to reduce the efficiency of this

transportation—especially, nothing In theway of Inadequate or careless maintenanceand repair.

Every employee of every operating com-pany, from top to bottom, now more thanever, should be alive to the necessity of

preventing costly break-downs and interrup-

tions of service. These can be prevented bycare and diligence. They must be preventedIf bus transportation is to make its full con-

tribution to the Nation in this time of need.

Mr. Eastman sent with his letter a

pamphlet of practical suggestions en-

titled "The Motor Bus and the National

Defense Program."

* * •

Housing policy for Negro

defense workers adopted

Asserting that the "public interest and

the war program demand that equitable

provision for housing be made for Negro

defense workers," Charles F. Palmer, Co-

ordinator of Defense Housing, last week

announced a supplementary racial policy

adopted by the Division of Defense Hous-

ing Coordination.

Indicates problems involved

This statement of policy, worked out in

cooperation with Robert R. Taylor, con-

sultant, calls attention to the urgent need

for housing Negro workers, indicates the

problems involved in the selection of

sites, and sets forth certain procedures

for the development of defense housing

projects.

Under the new policy, the Federal

agencies selecting sites are requested "to

secure the opinions, approval, and co-

operation of the local housing authorities

and/or other responsible public andcivic groups, including responsible Negroleadership, before final decision and pub-lic announcement is made of the site."

HOME-MADE TAPE

WILL PROTECT WINDOWSDirections for making and applying

home-made tape to prevent shattering

of window glass from bombing were madeavailable last week by the health sup-

plies branch of the War Production

Board.

The Philadelphia College of Pharmacyand Science developed the method after

reading a request by the health supplies

branch that adhesive tape not be used

for shatter-proofing windows. Adhesive

tape contains cloth, rubber, and zinc

oxide, all of which have important mili-

tary and essential civilian needs.

PROTECTION AGAINST WINDOWSHATTERING

A. Cut old bed sheets into one inch strips.

If old bed sheets are not available use acheap material such as unbleached muslin.Lay the pieces on a board and with a paintbrush generously daub them with the pastemade according to the formula below.B. Then crisscross the pasted strips on

windows, keeping the pieces about an inchapart from each other in both directions.Then make two diagonals clear over thecorners of the pane. All ends should reachand overlap the edge of the window frame.Very little light is lost through this method.

C. The formula for the paste Is one whichcan readily be put together at home. It Is

as follows:

Wheat flour 6 ouncesPowdered alum % ounceCorn syrup % pintWater 2 pints

Rub the flour and alum to a smoothpaste with the water and syrup. Heatquickly to boiling with constant stirring

to avoid burning. Remove from the fire

at first Indication of active boiling. Aslower method involves the use of thedouble boiler.

If this paste is to be held In storage, re-

frigeration will keep it sweet for several days.

But If It has to be kept over a long periodthere should be added to the above formula,with the alum, a level teaspoonful of ben-zoate of sodium. Silicate of soda shouldnever be used as an adhesive because it will

etch glass ultimately, and also because Its

free alkali dissolved In condensed water will

seep into window frames and be particularlydetrimental to metal frame windows.

• + *

Nickerson to head management

consultants in Labor Division

WPB Labor Director Hillman an-

nounced February 11 the appointment of

John W. Nickerson, of Manchester,

Conn., as chief of the industry section of

the Labor Division's labor relations

branch.

Mr. Nickerson and his staff have the

responsibility to assist management in

the promotion of harmonious employer-

employee relations in war industries, and

to aid wherever necessary in the settle-

ment of labor controversies.

Save on scarce items by using

substitutes or new design,

highway departments asked

Critical materials such as metals, bur-

lap, and rubber must not be used for

highways or highway repairs when less

scarce materials can be substituted, it

was explained February 13 by the Divi-

sion of Industry Operations.

Can't use ratings for vital items

An interpretation of Preference Rat-ing Order P-100 has been issued to point

out that highway departments which ap-

ply preference ratings under the terms

of the order are subject to the general

provision that scarce materials must be

eliminated by change of design or sub-

stituted for whenever practicable.

A number of highway departments

have been applying preference ratings

under the repair and maintenance order

to obtain such items as metal culverts,

metal road signs, metal rope or cable,

metal guard rails, etc., when terra cotta,

cement, or wood could be used. The in-

terpretation issued February 13 explains

that application of preference ratings in

such cases constitutes a violation of the

terms of the order, and that preference

ratings may not be applied under anycircumstances to deliveries of rubber or

burlap for highway maintenance, repair,

or operation.

* * •

Sloan and Mendenhall

appointed by Consumer Division

Appointment of Harold S. Sloan, exec-

utive director of the Alfred P. Sloan

Foundation, as an adviser to the Con-

sumer Division, OPA, was announced

February 11 by Dan A. West, director of

the Consumer Division.

Dr. James E. Mendenhall, educational

director of the Institute for Consumer

Education, Stephens College, Columbia,

Mo., has also been appointed to the Con-

sumer Division staff, to direct the work

of program planning and program mate-

rials.

* • *

CALIFORNIA TOWN ADDED

TO CRITICAL HOUSING AREAS

Le Moore, Calif., has been added to the

communities on the list of Defense Hous-

ing Critical Areas.

30 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942

CIVILIAN DEFENSE . . .

Determining whether fitness program

should stay in OCD, says Landis

James M. Landis, executive of the Of-

fice of Civilian Defense, made the fol-

lowing statement at his press conference

on February 11:

To gear office for action

I'd like to say, to start with, that the

prime job of this agency, as I see it, is

to prepare this country against the dan-

ger of physical attack from the enemy.

Today we are facing the threat of the

loss of Singapore. If that is realized, I

should imagine that the battle front

might move nearer by maybe 3,000 miles.

Maybe the war itself will be lengthened

by 1 year, 2 years, 3 years; I don't know,

but that means and all those things

mean that this office has got to be built

and geared for action.

The last few weeks I have been here I

have had as one of my tasks the over-

hauling of the functioning of this office.

I have done that with two principles in

mind: The first that every person in the

office must have a clear, definite function

which has relationship to the objectives

of that office; and the second is that

every person must be qualified to per-

form that function.

OCD objectives

As I say, I have been going over per-

sonnel, administrative relationships, andI think the results of that survey will be

apparent to you in a very short time. I

Just want to add a word about the Office

of Civilian Defense because I would like

to get an impression of where we are andwhere we've got to be. Those objectives,

you know, are primarily two: Civilian

protection—which means recruiting,

training, and organization of civilian de-

fense agencies. Recruiting has pro-

gressed quite rapidly. Training in cer-

tain sections of the country has pro-

gressed fairly rapidly but we need to

move that and move that fast. We need

more schools to train people in these

techniques that are demanded by civil-

ian protection. We need an intensified

drive to organize the forces that havebeen trained in that fashion and after

that is done, we need practice tests to

see whether these organizations canfunction. That means mobilization

drills, exercises, and the like. We need

to procure and distribute the equipment

Congress has already authorized and for

which the present appropriation bill is

pending.

Precautionary measures

Specifically with reference to certain

problems in this picture, we need, one,

the development of adequate blackout

procedures. Blackout may be the prob-

lem of obscuring the city within 30 min-

utes' time. We need to know how to do

that and practice how to do that. We

LaGUARDIA RESIGNS AS OCDDIRECTOR

On February 10, Mayor F. H. La-

Guardia announced his resignation as

director of the Office of Civilian De-

fense. On the same day, President

Roosevelt said that he would nameJames M. Landis, OCD Executive, to

succeed Mr. LaGuardia.

need to push very actively a program for

the protection of Industrial plants

against enemy attack, gearing in the

work of the Army and Navy with our

office in that connection.

Protection of public facilities

We need to develop a concrete series

of evacuation plans for critical areas,

which will coordinate all the agencies

that are concerned in the operation of

anything of that nature. We need to

coordinate and push a program that has

been started of protection of water sup-

plies, communications, and other facili-

ties. We need to expand considerably

our emergency medical services and weneed research and planning for civilian

camouflage, for example.

Cooperation with other agencies

Now, all these things are or require

very close cooperation with the Armyand the Navy as well as the other gov-

ernmental agencies. At most points, the

program has to be carefully adjusted to

the military policy as that policy is laid

down and not as that policy might be

attempted to be fashioned by us.

Now let me take the other side of the

program, about which there has cur-

rently been considerable discussion.

Community and volunteer participation

Community and volunteer participa-

tion—that, I think, involves the organi-

zation by communities through defense

councils of the resources of those com-

munities to meet the demands created by

the war. It means that those communi-

ties have to be familiarized with the re-

quirements of Federal policies coming

from the war and not shaped by us. It

means that you will have to feed that

human effort in order to meet these vol-

untary services In order to meet these

demands of the war. That program has

to be geared closely and clearly to the

question of winning the war.

To interpret Federal policies

To do that I think requires pretty ef-

fective staff work in Washington and

good organization in the field. I think

it also implies a clear realization of just

what Federal agencies have the respon-

sibility for fashioning certain Federal

policies and the clear realization on the

part of this agency that the responsibil-

ity for the fashioning of certain Federal

policies may lie elsewhere, and our prob-

lem is simply one of interpreting them

to the communities.

Responsibility for physical fitness

There have been recently criticisms of

certain matters connected with this

agency. One, Miss Chaney. Miss Cha-

ney is, as you know, attached to the Di-

vision of Physical Fitness which operates

out of Philadelphia. I don't suppose that

anybody would deny that a program de-

signed to keep people physically fit so as

to eliminate the great amount of rejec-

tions that we have had under the Selec-

tive Service Act or which is designed to

keep people physically fit so that pro-

duction will go on fast is a desirable

thing.

But there are a couple of questions

that arise in that connection: Whose re-

sponsibility is it to pursue that program

—

our responsibility or the responsibility of

the Federal Security Agency which has

a mandate in connection with recrea-

tion? I have been pushing for a solution

of that question. I think it is on its way.

Whether that leaves the program with

this office or with the Federal Security

Agency, I can't tell you, but I can tell

you that if it is left to this office, that

February 17, 1942 • VICTORY * 31

program will be attuned to the question

of physical fitness with reference to menabout to go into the Army within a year,

2 years, 3 years—it will be attuned to

getting men who produce more physi-

cally fit.

Douglas to mobilize talent

Two, Mr. Douglas. There are certain

things that ought to be clear about Mr.

Douglas which have not been made clear.

One is I appointed him upon my owninitiative and on my own judgment.

Two, he is not getting a salary of $8,000

a year. He is technically on the rolls

without compensation, which meansthat he gets normal governmental trav-

eling expenses and subsistence at the

rate of $10 per day. I appointed Mr.

Douglas because I thought there was a

Job to be done there and I thought hewas eminently qualified to do that job.

I still hold that opinion.

The job he has before him is the job

of mobilizing talent, putting it at the

service of the Nation, and I submit that

is a big and worth while job.

Three, we talk about salaries in the

Office of Civilian Defense. If salaries

are out of line, my responsibility is to

bring them into line. Some of the sal-

aries that have been talked of are not

out of line. We need good men here just

as well as any other agency in the Fed-eral Government needs them, and wemust get them and pay them in line with

the general pays provided for employeesof the Federal Government.

Information program

Four, there has been some talk aboutinformation services this office might set

up. I took up with the Bureau of the

Budget the theory that I had that per-

sonnel assigned to us by the OEM, andthere were seven people assigned, mightdo perhaps a little better job if they be-

longed to us. I have no intention of

going in for publicity in a big way. All

that is needed here is a small staff thatwill tell the story of what is happeningin this outfit.

A "communication job"

We need, of course, to distribute to

the public various different bits of edu-cational matter such as what to do in

an air raid, how to become an air-raid

warden, problems on the use of volun-teers; that, I submit, is not publicity

but it is a job of communication that is

essential. My understanding was thatinsofar as rebuilding all these facilities

that are adjunct to distribution of in-

formation is concerned, we wouldn't dothat. We would rely upon the existing

services.

HEALTH AND WELFARE . .

.

Transferring nationals of enemy countries

entrusted by Justice to McNutt office

Federal Security Administrator PaulV. McNutt, Director of Defense Healthand Welfare Services, announced re-

cently that at the request of the Depart-ment of Justice, the Federal Security

Agency and the Office of Defense Healthand Welfare Services have undertakenthe responsibility of acting for the De-partment of Justice in effecting the re-

moval and resettlement of alien enemies

and their dependents from certain pro-

hibited areas on the West Coast.

Technical definition of "alien enemies"

"Alien enemies" is defined as nationals

of the three countries with whom this

country is at war—Japan, Germany, andItaly. The order does not affect sub-

jects of these nations who are not na-tionals, such as Koreans, nor nationals

of recently occupied countries, such as

Austrians, Czechoslovakians, Poles,Danes, Norwegians, Hollanders, Belgians,

and natives of occupied France. EvenHungarians and Bulgarians whose native

countries have declared war upon us,

but against whom we have made noreciprocal declaration, are not included.

German nationals who are refugees in

this country are, however, included.

Mr. McNutt said that removal wouldnot mean Internment. "Enemy aliens

known to be dangerous or inimical to

this country's interest have been appre-hended. Those to be removed are thelarge body of alien enemies and their

families, most of them doubtless law-abiding, and the majority of their chil-

dren are American citizens.

Many perform valuable services

"Many of the aliens affected by these

plans are now performing services whichcontribute directly to the success of ourAmerican war effort. The proper rees-

tablishment of these dislocated aliens is

important to certain types of labor sup-ply, and to the maintenance of our agri-

cultural output. For these reasons it is

in the interest of the United States that

this operation be carried out with the

smallest possible loss of human re-

sources," the Administrator pointed out.

The aliens transferred will be underthe surveillance of Federal authorities,

and any public funds spent in their re-

moval and maintenance will be Federal

funds. The fate of large numbers of

civilian Americans now in the hands ofour enemies may depend upon good treat-

ment of removed aliens in the communi-ties in which they are resettled, Mr.McNutt said.

• * *

Iowa plan will aid soldiers

returning to college after war

"Will they return tu graduate?" is thequestion college authorities throughoutthe Nation are asking as students leavetheir campuses to become soldiers.

The challenge of this question is beingmet by the University of Iowa with aplan for financial assistance to formerstudents who will return to study after

war servioe.

Adoption of the Iowa plan throughoutthe country was urged by James Ward,coordinator of college activities of thedivision of youth activities of the Office

of Civilian Defense.

The program calls for gifts of not over

$200 to each returning student in needof assistance. The money is to comefrom a fund made up of voluntary con-tributions of 10(4 a week from each stu-

dent still on campus. About $10,000 Is

expected to be collected in this mannerthis semester. Administered by the Com-mittee on Student Aid and audited bythe university treasurer's office, the fundwill be invested in United States DefenseBonds.

* * •

BROTHERHOOD WEEK

COOPERATION URGED

"Young Americans must unite on the

home front in the fight against our ene-

mies' insidious weapon of dividing fromwithin."

With that statement, Gilbert Harrison

and Jane Seaver, codirectors of the divi-

sion of youth activities, Office of Civilian

Defense, asked active cooperation In Na-tional Brotherhood Week, February 15-22,

called by the National Conference of

Christians and Jews. Their request wasmade in a letter to all national religious

groups, Catholic, Protestant, and Jewish.

32 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942

Well-spacing regulations relaxed in five

States to get natural gas for war plants

To promote increased production of

natural gas for the use of war industries

in the Appalachian area, a modification

of the petroleum and natural gas con-

servation order was issued February 13

by the Division of Industry Operations

on the recommendation of the Office of

Petroleum Coordinator.

The provision of Conservation Order

M-68 which forbids the construction of

new natural gas wells unless they follow

a spacing pattern of not more than one

well to 640 acres has been revised in the

states of New York, Pennsylvania, WestVirginia, Ohio, and Kentucky.

Cleveland, Pittsburgh need more

The February 13 order, which is Sup-

plementary Order No. M-68-1, is issued

because additional quantities of natural

gas are needed for war Industries, espe-

cially in Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Youngs-

town, and other cities in the area af-

fected.

Under the terms of the amendment,

new natural gas wells may be drilled to

the Onandaga limestone, Oriskany sand-

stone, or Devonian shale horizons if they

follow a uniform well-spacing pattern of

one well to each 160 acres and to other

horizons except in a condensate field if

they follow a spacing pattern of not more

than one well to each 40 surface acres

In either case, the drilling of new wells

is subject to additional restrictions as to

the distances between wells and drilling

units.

Provisions of the conservation order

with respect to the consolidation of prop-

erty units have been changed to corre-

spond to the well-spacing provisions of

the amended order.

* • •

Corundum under allocations

To avert a possible shortage of corun-

dum, stocks of this abrasive material havebeen placed under an allocations system

by Industry Operations Director Knowl-son, with the issuance of General Pref-

erence Order M-89.

The order provides that corundum used

In manufacturing some civilian products

may be curtailed, and that suppliers of

corundum will make deliveries only whenspecifically authorized by the Director

of Industry Operations. The Director

will periodically allocate corundum andspecifically direct the manner and quan-tities in which deliveries shall be made.Future allocations may be made with-

out regard to any preference ratings as-

signed to particular contracts or purchase

orders, but will be made to insure the

filling of Government war orders, both

direct and Indirect.

Nicotine sulphate price levels

confirmed; mark-ups limited

Maximum prices to be charged by pro-

ducers, and limits on mark-ups by dis-

tributors and dealers in nicotine sul-

phate, were requested in letters February

13 to members of the industry from OPAAdministrator Henderson.

Suggested levels confirmed

The letters confirm price levels sug-

gested at a meeting of OPA and producers

of nicotine sulphate In Washington onJanuary 22 last. Nicotine sulphate Is

widely used as an agricultural insecti-

cide.

These requests, made at the Washing-ton meeting, are repeated in Mr. Hen-derson's letter:

1. Producers of nicotine sulphate are notto sell, during the year 1942, 40 percent nico-tine sulphate ior agricultural uses In 60-pound drums at prices in excess of $0.80 perpound delivered to distributors.

2. Producers of nicotine sulphate are notto sell, during the year 1942, 40 percent nico-tine sulphate for agricultural uses on 10-

pound containers at prices in excess of$0.90 per pound delivered to distributors.

3. Distributors and dealers of nicotine sul-phate are not to make charges for handlingnicotine sulphate In excess of the following:

Distributors Dealers50-pound drum $3.60 $3.7610-pound container 1.15 1.50

4. Schedules of 1942 prices to be quoted byproducers of nicotine sulphate are to be sub-mitted to Office of Price Administration inadvance of publication.

5. The requests set forth above are subjectto rescission or modification in whole or Inpart in such manner and at such time ortimes as the Office of Price Administrationmay deem necessary or advisable.

OFFICE FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

Central Administrative Services: Dallas

Dort, Director.

Defense Communications Board: JamesLawrence Fly, Chairman.

Defense Housing Division: C. F. Palmer,Coordinator.

Information Division: Robert W. Horton,Director.

National War Labor Board: Wm. H. Davis,

Chairman.

Office of Scientific Research and Develop-ment : Dr. Vannevar Bush, Director.

Office of Civilian Defense : James M. Landis,Executive.

Office of the Coordinator of Inter-Ameri-can Affairs: Nelson Rockefeller, Coordi-nator.

Office of Defense Health and Welfare Serv-ices: Paul V. McNutt, Director.

Wayne Cot, Liaison Officer

Office of Defense Transportation: JosephB. Eastman, Director.

Office of Facts and Figures: ArchibaldMacLeish, Director.

Office of Lend-Lease Administration: E. R.Stettinlus, Jr., Administrator.

Office of Price Administration : Leon Hen-derson, Administrator.

Consumer Division: Dexter M. Keezer,Assistant Administrator, in charge. DanA. West, Director.

War Production Board:

Donald M. Nelson, Chairman.Henry L. Stlmson.Frank Knox.Jesse H. Jones.William S. Knudsen.Sidney Hlllman.Leon Henderson.Henry A. Wallace.Harry Hopkins.

War Production Board Divisions:

Donald M. Nelson, Chairman.

Secretary, Herbert Emmerich.

Purchases Division: Douglas MacKeachle,Director.

Production Division: W. H. Harrison, Di-rector.

Materials Division: Wm. L. Eatt, Director.

Division of Industry Operations: J. S.Knowlson, Director.

Labor Division: Sidney Hlllman, Director.

Civilian Supply Division: Leon Hender-son, Director.

Progress Reporting: Stacy May, Chief.

Requirements Committee: Wm. L. Batt,

Chief.

Statistics Division: Stacy May, Chief.

Information Division: Robert W. Horton,Director.

Legal Division: John Lord O'Brian, Gen-eral Counsel.

U.S. 60VE r. 'JUL NT PR I ST INC OFFICE: I 042