Vibrio Population GeneticsHopkins Microbiology Course 2011Frank, Elsa, Bernal, Sasha, Tyler

Vibrio Population Genetics

How are Vibrios and their genes distributed locally and globally?

Sampling Scheme for Multilocus Sequencing

New Zealand: (2 coasts) x (2 beaches each) x (10 anemones each) x (5 Vibrio isolates

each)

California, 2007-2011: (Hopkins and Pt Lobos) x (8 anemones + 4 water each) x (5 Vibrio isolates

each)

Sequenced:

recA, gyrB, mdh & ompK

ATCGAT

ATCGCG

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 900

5

10

15

20

25

30

California 2011

1%2%3%10%

Sample no. of sequences

No

of

OT

U's

0 50 100 150 200 250 3000

10

20

30

40

50

60California (2007-2011)

0.12%3%10%

Sampled no. of sequences

No

. o

f O

TU

's

Rarefaction

1%

California vs. New Zealand

1% Cutoff 5% Cutoff

Total OTUs = 100 Total OTUs = 27

49 1 50

9 2 16

CANZ

CANZ

California - Anemone vs. Water

1% Cutoff 5% Cutoff

Total OTUs = 50 Total OTUs = 11

22 13 15

2 7 2

AnemoneWater

AnemoneWater

California - Hopkins vs. Point Lobos

1% Cutoff 5% Cutoff

Hopkins Pt. Lobos

Total OTUs = 50 Total OTUs = 11

30 11 9

4 6 1

Hopkins Pt. Lobos

California – 2008 to 2011

1% Cutoff

2010

1

0

0

0

4

3

2

15

0

2

7

0

10

8

2008

2009

5% Cutoff

2010

2011 0

0

0

00

0

0

0

4

12 2

02

0

Total OTUs = 43 Total OTUs = 11

2011

2008

2009

gyrB

mdh

recA

California New Zealand

California New Zealand

Concatenated Housekeeping by Location

LocationHopkinsPoint Lobos

Year20072008200920102011

AssociationAnemoneWater

California Concatenated by:

VariableSelection

ompK (2011 only)

HopkinsPoint Lobos

2009

2007

2008

2011

2011 2007

2009

2009

2007

2011

2011

2011 2007

Water Anemone NZ

UNIFRAC

Comparison P-value

NZ vs CA 0.01

Anemone vs Water 0.28 (CA only)

Between Years 0.05-0.1 (CA only)

CALIFORNIA

NEW ZEALAND

Pop1 Pop2 Pop3 Pop4 Pop5

CA 0.130 0.427 0.382 0.059 0.0002

NZ 0.012 0.027 0.010 0.435 0.516

California vs. New Zealand

Locations within California

Hopkins

Pt. Lobos

Pop 1 Pop2 Pop3

Hopkins 0.28 0.17 0.57

Pt. Lobos 0.52 0.09 0.39

2007

2010

2009

2008

2011

California Across Time

Point Lobos

Hopkins

Considering Allele Types

recA

gyrB

mdh

Point Lobos

Hopkins

ompK

recA

gyrB

mdh

ompK across California & Allele Types

Conclusions & Future Directions

• Distinct local vs global patterns in Vibrio sequence types

• Investigate further:– Environmental data– Temporal data– Spatial distribution of hybridization– Competition experiments to determine

local adaptation