vi standard social science history chapter 1 vedic culture

VI STANDARD SOCIAL SCIENCE

History Chapter 1

Vedic Culture In North India and

Megalithic Culture in South India

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.

Aryans first settled in __________ region

Answer:

(a) Punjab

Question 2.

Aryans came from ……………

Answer:

(c) Central Asia

Question 3.

Our National Motto “Sathyameva Jay ate” is taken from

Answer:

(d) Upanishad

Question 4.

What was the ratio of land revenue collected during Vedic Age ……………

Answer:

(b) 1/6

II. Match the statement with the Reason / Tick the appropriate answer:

Question 1.

Assertion : The vedic age is evidenced by good number of texts and adequate amount of

material evidences.

Reason : Shrutis comprise the Vedas, the Brahmanas, the Aranyakas and the Upanishads.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(c) A is true but R is false.

(d) A is false but R is true.

Answer:


Question 2.

Statement I : Periplus mentions the steel imported into Rome from peninsular India was

subjected to duty in the port of Alexandria.

Statement II : Evidence for iron smelting has come to light at Paiyampalli.

(a) Statement I is wrong

(b) Statement II is wrong

(c) Both the statements are correct

(d) Both the statements are wrong

Answer:

(c) Both the statements are correct

Question 3.

Which of the statement is not correct in the Vedic society

(a) A widow could re-marry.

(b) Child marriage was in practice.

(c) Father’s property was inherited by his son.

(d) Sati was unknown.

Answer:

(b) Child marriage was in practice.

Question 4.

Which is the correct ascending order of the Rig Vedic society?

(a) Grama < Kula < Vis < Rashtra < Jana

(b) Kula < Grama < Vis < Jana < Rashtra

(c) Rashtra < Jana < Grama < Kula < Vis

(d) Jana < Grama < Kula < Vis < Rashtra

Answer:

(b) Kula < Grama < Vis < Jana < Rashtra

III. Fill in the blanks :

1. Vedic culture was in nature.

2. was a tax collected from the people in Vedic period.

3. system is an ancient learning method.

4. Adhichanallur is in district.

Answer:

1. kinship

2. Bali

3. Gurukula

4. Thoothukudi

IV. True or False:

1. The Roman artefacts found at various sites provide evidence of Indo – Roman trade

relations.

2. A Hero Stone is a memorial stone raised in remembrance of the honourable death of a

hero.

3. The army chief was called Gramani.

4. The Black and Red were pottery became the characteristic of the Megalithic period.

5. Evidence for iron smelting has come to light at Paiyampalii.

Answer:

1. True

2. True

3. False

4. True

5. True

V. Match the following

Site Finds

a) Keezhadi 1) Ivory dice

b) Porunthal 2) tip of ploughs

c) Kodumanal 3) Spindles

d) Adichanallur 4) gold ornaments

a. 4 3 2 1

b. 3 4 1 2

c. 1 3 4 2

d. 1 2 3 4

Answers:

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

VI. Answer in one or two sentences:

Question 1.

Name the four Vedas.

Answer:

The four Vedas are Rig, Yajur, Sama and Atharva.

Question 2.

What were the animals domesticated by Vedic people?

Answer:

1. Elephants

2. Cow

3. Goat

4. Sheep

5. Horse

Question 3.

What do you know about Megalith?

Answer:

The term ‘Megalith’ is derived from Greek. ‘Megas’ means great and ‘lithos’ means stone.

Using big stone slabs built upon the places of burial is known as Megalith.

Question 4.

What are Dolmens?

Answer:

1. Dolmens are Megalithic tombs.

2. They are made of two or more upright stones with a single stone lying across the

burial site.

Question 5.

What are Urns?

Answer:

Urns are large pottery jars used for burying the dead.

Question 6.

Name the coins used for business transactions in the Vedic period.

Answer:

1. Nishka

2. Satmana (gold)

3. Krishnala (silver)

Question 7.

Name some Megalithic monuments found in Tamil Nadu.

Answer:

1. Dolmens

2. Menhir

Dolmens are Megalithic tombs. Megalithic Dolmens have been found in Veeraraghavapuram

village, Kanchipuram district, Kummalamaruthupatti, Dindigulfc, district, and in

Narasingampatti, Madurai district.

VII. Answer the following :

Question 1.

Write briefly about the archaeological site at Kodumanal.

Answer:

1. Kodumanal is in Erode district.

2. Kodumanal is identified with the Kodumanam of Pathitrupathu.

3. More than 300 pottery inscriptions in Tamil Brahmi have been discovered.

4. Spindles, whorls, piece of cloth, tools, weapons, ornaments and beads have been

discovered.

5. A Menhir was found at the burial site.

Question 2.

Write about the Vedic women in a paragraph.

Answer:

1. In Rig Vedic society, women relatively enjoyed some freedom.

2. The wife was respected as the mistress of the household.

3. She could perform rituals in her house.

4. In Rig Vedic period widows could remarry.

5. But they were denied to inherit parental property.

6. They played no role in public affairs.

7. In the later Vedic period women’s position declined, demand to perform rituals and

marriage rules became more rigid.

8. Polygamy became common, and women were denied education

VIII. HOTS:

Question 1.

Difference between the Gurukula system of education and the Modern system of education.

Answer:

S.No Gurukula system of education Modern system of education

1. Gurukula system is an ancient learning

method.

Modern education system has evolved with

time and has been influenced by the western

system.

2.

The shishyas resided with their guru and

served them and simultaneously learnt

and gained knowledge.

Educational centre like schools, colleges are

there to give education.

3. No women could have formal

education. Men and women both have formal education.

4. The students received education through

oral tradition meaning rote learning.

The education system has incorporated

technologies like ebooks, video lectures,

distance learning through video chat,

demonstrations through 3-D imagery, etc.

5.

The subjects of the study included the

four Vedas, Ithihasas, Puranas,

grammar, logic, ethics, astrology, maths

and military science.

Modern education includes subjects of varied

interests. Teaching methods are continuously

upgraded as per advanced research and

developments.

6. The students were also trained to lead a

disciplined life.

The emphasis under modern education is on

the theoretical part rather than the practical

part.

Hitory Chapter 2

Great Thinkers And New Faiths


Questions 1.

What is the name of the Buddhist scripture?

Answer:

(b) Tripitakas

Questions 2.

Who was the first Tirthankara of Jainism?

Answer:

(a) Rishabha

Questions 3.

How many Tirthankaras were there in Jainism?

Answer:

(b) 24

Questions 4.

Where was the third Buddhist Council convened?

(Answer:

(c) Pataliputra

Questions 5.

Where did Buddha deliver his first sermon?

(b) Saranath

II. Match the statement with the Reason, Tick the appropriate answer:

Questions 1.

Statement : A common man could not understand upanishads.

Reason : Upanishads were highly philosophical.

(a) Statement and its Reason are correct.

(b) Statement is wrong.

(c) Statement is true, but the Reason for that is wrong.

(d) Both Statement and Reason are wrong.

Answer:

(a) Statement and its Reason are correct.

Questions 2.

Statement : The Jatakas are popular tales.

Reason : Frescoes on the ceilings and walls of Ajanta caves depict the Jataka Tales.

(a) Statement and its Reason are correct

(b) Statement is wrong

(c) Statement is true; but the Reason for that is wrong

(d) Both Statement and Reason are wrong

Answer:

(a) Statement and its Reason are correct

Questions 3.

Find out the correct answer:

Buddha Vlharas are used for

1. Education

2. Stay of Buddhist monks

3. Pilgrims stay

4. Prayer hall

(a) 2 is correct

(b) Both 1 and 2

(c) 1, 2, 4 are correct

(d) Neither I nor II

Questions 4.

Consider the following statements regarding the causes of the origin of Jainism and

Buddhism.

1. Sacrificial ceremonies were expensive.

2. Superstitious beliefs and practices confused the common man.

Which of the above statement (s) is/are correct?

(a) Only I

(b) Only II

(c) Both I & II

(d) Neither I nor II

Answer:

(c) Both I & II

Questions 5.

Which of the following about Jainism is correct?

(a) Jainism denies God as the creator of universe.

(b) Jainism accepts God as the creator of universe.

(c) The basic philosophy of Jainism is idol worship.

(d) Jains accept the belief in Last Judgement.

Answer:

(a) Jainism denies God as tlie creator of universe.

Questions 6.

Circle the odd one:

Parsava, Mahavira, Buddha, Rishaba

Answer:

Buddha

Questions 7.

Find out the wrong pair:

(a) Ahimsa – not to injure

(b) Satya – to speak truth

(c) Asteya – not to steal

(d) Brahmacharya – married status

Answer:

(d) Brahmadiarya – married status

Questions 8.

All the following statements are true of Siddhartha Gautama except:

(a) He is the founder of Hinduism,

(b) He was bom in Nepal.

(c) He attained Nirvana.

(d) He was known as Sakyamuni.

Answer:

(a) He is the founder of Hinduism.


1. The doctrine of Mahavira is called_______

2. _______is a state of freedom from suffering and rebirth.

3. _______was the founder of Buddhism.

4. Thiruparthikundram, a village in Kanchipuram was once called_______

5. _______were built over the remains of Buddha’s body

Answer:

1. Triratnas

2. Moksha

3. Gauthama Buddha

4. Jinn Ranchi

5. Sinpas

IV. True or False:

1. Buddha believed in Karma.

2. Buddha had faith in caste system.

3. Gautama Swami compiled the teachings of Mahavira.

4. Viharas are temples.

5. Emperor Ashoka followed Buddhism.

Answer:

1. True

2. False

3. True

4. False

5. True

V. Match the following:

1. Angas (a) Vardhamana

2. Mahavira (b) monks

3. Buddha (c) Buddhist shrine

4. Chaitya (d) Sakyamuni

5. Bhikshus (e) Jain text

Answer:

1. (e)

2. (a)

3. (d)

4. (c)

5. (b)

VI. Answer in one or two sentences:

Question 1.

What are the Triratnas (three jewels) of Jainism?

Answer:

Triratna (Three Jewels) of Jainism are

1. Right Faith

2. Right Knowledge

3. Right action.

Question 2.

What are the two sects of Buddhism?

Answer:

1. Hinayana

2. Mahayana

Question 3.

What does Jina mean?

Answer:

Jina means conquering self and the external world.

Question 4.

Write any two common features of Buddhism and Jainism.

Answer:

1. Both denied the authority of Vedas

2. Both opposed blood sacrifices

Question 5.

Write a note on Buddhist Sangha.

Answer:

1. Sangha, meaning ‘association’ for the propagation of Buddha’s faith.

2. It was formed to propagate Buddha’s faith.

3. The members were called Bhikshus (monks).

4. They led a life of austerity.

Question 6.

Name the Chinese traveller who visited Kancheepuram in the seventh century AD (CE).

Answer:

Hieun Tsang

Question 7.

Name the female jain monk mentioned in Silapathikaram.

Answer:

Silapathikaram mentions that when Kovalan and Kannagi were on their way to Madurai,

Gownthiyadigal a female jain monk blessed the couple and accompanied them.


Question 1.

Name the eight-fold path of Buddhism.

Answer:

The Eight Fold Path of Buddhism is given below

1. Right view

2. Right Thought

3. Right Speech

4. Right Action

5. Right Livelihood

6. Right Effort

7. Right Knowledge

8. Right Meditation

9.

Question 2.

What are the five important rules of conduct in Jainism?

Answer:

1. Ahimsa – not to injure any living beings

2. Satya – to speak truth

3. Asteya – not to steal

4. Aparigraha – not to own property

5. Brahmacharya – Celibacy

Question 3.

Narrate four noble truths of Buddha?

Answer:

Buddha’s Four Noble Truths are given below,

1. Life is full of sorrow and misery.

2. Desire is the cause of misery.

3. Sorrows and sufferings can be removed by giving up one’s desire.

4. The desire can be overcome by following the right path (Noble eight-fold path)

Question 4.

Write any three differences between Hinayana and Mahayana sects of Buddhism?

Answer:

Hinayana:

Did not worship idols or images of Buddha > Practiced austerity

Used Prakrit language

Mahayana:

Worshiped images of Buddha

Observed elaborate rituals

Used Sanskrit language

Question 5.

Jainism and Buddhism flourished in Sangam period. Give any two evidences for each.

Answer:

(i) In ancient Tamil literature, Jainism is referred to as Samanam. There is a Samanar Hill or

Samanar Malai in Keelakuyilkudi village, 15 km away from Madurai. The images of

Tirthankaras created by Jain monks are found in the hill. It is a protected monument of

Archaeological Survey of India.

(ii) There is a reference to Aravor Palli, place of living for Jain monks, in Manimegalai.

(iii) Buddhism spread to Tamil Nadu much later than Jainism. Manimekalai, one of the epics

of the post-Sangam age is a Buddhist literature.

(iv) There is an elaborate description about Kanchipuram in classical epic Manimegalai

VIII. HOTS:

Question 1.

Karma – a person’s action. Name any 10 good actions (deeds).

Answer:

Karma means the sum of a person’s actions in this and previous state of existence, viewed as

deciding their fate in future existence.

Some of the good deeds or actions are given below to be followed in our day to day life.

1. Always remember and respect Matha, Pitha, Guru and Dhaivam (God).

2. Develop the habit of charity.

3. Help a friend in need.

4. Plant a tree.

5. Donate blood.

6. Be kind to everyone especially to animals

7. Be polite and respect people.

8. Conserve energy.

9. Be smiling because most smiles are started by another smile.

10. Be Positive always.

11. Have patience with stressful people.

12. Give a compliment.

13. Volunteer for charity.

14. Be tidy and clean

15. Donate books to library.

Hitory Chapter 3

From Chiefdoms To Empires


Question 1.

The Kingdom which was most powerful among the four Mahajanapadas

Answer:

(b) Magadhaj

Question 2.

Among the following who was the contemporary of Gautama Buddha?

Answer:

(a) Ajatasatru

Question 3.

Which of the following are the sources of Mauryan period?

Answer:

(d) AII

Question 4.

Chandra Gupta Maurya abdicated the thrown and went to Sravanbelgola along with Jaina

Saint …………….

Answer:

(a) Badrabahu

Question 5.

was the ambassador of Seleucus Nicator.

(Answer:

(d) Megasthenese

Question 6.

Who was the last emperor of the Mauryan Dynasty?

Answer:

(c) Brihadratha

II. Match the statement with the Reason / Tick the appropriate answer:

Question 1.

Statement (A) : Ashoka is considered as one of India’s greatest rulers.

Reason (R) : He ruled according to the principle of Dhamma.


(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(c) A is true but R is false.


Answer:


Question 2.

Which of the statements given below is/are correct?

Statement 1 : Chandragupta Maurya was the first ruler who unified entire India under one

political unit.

Statement 2 : The Arthashastra provides information about the Mauryan administration

(a) only 1

(b) only 2

(c) both 1 and 2

(d) neither 1 nor 2

Answer:

(b) only 2

Question 3.

Consider the following statements and find out which of the following statement is/are

correct.

1. Chandragupta Maurya was the first king of Magadha.

2. Rajagriha was the capital of Magadha.

(a) only 1

(b) only 2

(c) both and 2

(d) neither 1 nor 2

Answer:

(b) only 2

Question 4.

Arrange the following dynasties in chronological order.

(a) Nanda – Sishunaga – Haryanka – Maurya

(b) Nanda – Sishunaga -Maurya – Haryanka

(c) Haryanka – Sishunaga – Nanda – Maurya

(d) Sishunaga – Maurya – Nanda – Haryanka

Answer:

(c) Haryanka – Sishunaga – Nanda – Maurya]

Question 5.

Which of the following factors contributed to the rise of Magadhan Empire?

1. Strategic location

2. Thick forest supplied timber and elephant

3. Control over sea

4. Availability of rich deposits of iron ores

(a) 1, 2 and 3 only

(b) 3 and 4 only

(c) 1,2 and 4 only

(d) All of these

Answer:

(c) 1, 2 and 4 only


1. ______ was the earliest capital of Magadha.

2. Mudrarakshasa was written by______

3. ______ was the son of Bindusara.

4. The founder of the Maurya Empire was______

5. ______ were appointed to spread Dhamma all over the empire.

Answer:

1. Raj agriha

2. Visakadatta

3. Ashoka

4. Chandragupta Maurya

5. Mahamattas

IV. State True or False:

1. The title Devanam Piya was given to Chandragupta Maurya.

2. Ashoka gave up war after his defeat in Kalinga.

3. Ashoka’s Dhamma was based on the principle of Buddhism.

4. The lions on the currency notes is taken from the Rampurwa bull capital

Answer:

1. False

2. False

3. True

4. False

V. Match the following :

a. Gana 1. Arthasastra

b. Megasthenese 2. Religious tours

c. Chanakya 3. people

d. Dharmayatras 4. Indica

(a) 3 4 1 2

(b) 2 4 3 1

(c) 3 1 2 4

(d) 2 1 4 3

Answer:

(a) 3 4 1 2

VI. Answer in one or two sentences

Question 1.

Mention any two literary

Answer:

1. Secular Literature

2. Religious Literature: Vedic, Jain, Buddhist texts and Puranas

Question 2.

What is a stupa?

Answer:

1. A stupa is a semi-spherical dome-like structure. It is constructed on brick or stone.

2. The buddha’s relics were placed in the centre.

Question 3.

Name the dynasties of Magadha.

Four dynasties ruled over Magadha Empire.

1. The Haryanka dynasty

2. The Shishunaga dynasty

3. The Nanda dynasty

4. The Maurya dynasty

Question 4.

What were the sources of revenue during Mauryan period?

Answer:

1. The land was the most important source of revenue for the state. The land tax (bhaga)

was 1/6 of the total produce.

2. Additional revenue was taxes on forests, mines, salt and irrigation.

Question 5.

Who assisted Nagarika in the administration of towns?

Answer:

Sthanika and Gopa assisted Nagarika in the administration of towns.

Question 6.

What do you know from the Rock Edicts II and XIII of Ashoka?

Answer:

The Rock Edicts II and XIII of Ashoka refer to the names of three dynasties.

1. Pandyas

2. Cholas

3. The Keralaputras and the Sathyaputras.

Question 7.

Which classical Tamil poetic works have the reference of Maurvans?

Answer:

Mamulahar’s poem in Agananuru gives the reference of the Mauryans.


Question 1.

What did Ashoka do to spread Buddhism?

Answer:

1. Ashoka sent his son Mahinda and daughter Sanghamitta to Srilanka to propagate

Buddhism.

2. He also sent missionaries to West Asia, Egypt, and Eastern Europe to spread the

message of Dhamma.

3. The Dhamma-mahamattas were a new cadre of officials created by Ashoka.

4. Their job was to spread dhamma all over the empire.

5. Ashoka held the third Buddhist counil at his capital pataliputra.

Question 2.

Write any three causes for the rise of Magadha.

Answer:

1. Magadha was located on the lower part of the Gangetic plain. The plain was fertile

which ensured the rich agricultural yield. This provided income to the state.

2. The thick forests supplied timber for construction of buildings and elephants for army.

3. Abundance of natural resources especially iron enabled them to equip themselves

with weapens made of iron.

VIII. HOTS:

Question 1.

Kalinga war became a turning paint in Ashoka’$ life. How?

1. In the war of Kalinga, many people died.

2. He understood that war only brings destruction of families.

3. The Kalinga war had incredible influence over the personal life and policy of Ashoka.

4. Hence Kalinga war proved to be a turning point in the life of Ashoka.

5. He found his consolation in Buddhism.

6. He was representing for his deeds. He embraced Buddhism and took the vow of \

inculcation ‘Dhamma’ to all men through out his life.

7. He gave up the policy of Dig Vijay and adopted the policy of Dharma Vijay.

Question 2.

Write any five welfare measures you would do if you were a king like Ashoka.

Answer:

1. Free education to all.

2. Free food for the disabled, the aged, the sick and the needy.

3. Free medical treatment to all the citizens.

4. Free shelter for the homeless.

5. Justice for all. Equality of gender, religion, caste.

Geography Chapter 1

Resources

A. Match the following.

Question 1.

A B

Natural resource Minerals

International resource Sustainable development

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Air

Non-renewable Manufacturing

Universal resource Ambergris

Secondary activities Forest

Answer:

A B

Natural resource Forest

International resource Ambergris

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Sustainable development

Non-renewable Minerals

Universal resource Air

Secondary activities Manufacturing

B. Fill in the blanks :

1. Sugarcane is processed to make ___________

2. Conservation of resources is ___________ use of resources.

3. Resources which are confined to certain regions are called ___________

4. ___________ resources are being used in the present.

5. ___________ resources are the most valuable resources.

6. Collection of resources directly from nature is called ___________

Answer:

1. Sugar

2. careful

3. Localise d resources

4. Actual

5. Human

6. Primary Activities

C. Write short notes on the following :

Question 1.

Renewable resources.

Answer:

1. Resources once consumed can be renewed with the passage of time are called

renewable resources.

2. (e.g.) Air, Water, Sunlight.

Question 2.

Human resources.

Answer:

1. Human resources are group of individuals who use nature to create more resources.

2. Example: Doctors, Teachers, Scientists.

Question 3.

Individual resources.

1. Based on ownership, resources can be classified into Individual resources,

Community-owned resources, National resources and International resources.

2. Individual resources are resources privately owned by individuals? (e.g.) Apartments.

Question 4.

Tertiary activities.

Answer:

1. Tertiary activities are those which render services to production and distribution of

goods.

2. Example: Banking, Trade, Communications.

D. Give brief answers for the following:

Question 1.

What are resources?

1. Resource is anything that fulfills human needs. When anything is of some use it

becomes valuable. All resources have value.

2. The value can be either commercial or non-commercial.

Question 2.

What are actual resources?

Answer:

1. Actual resources are resources that are being used and the quantity available is

known.

2. Example: Coal at Neyveli.

Question 3.

Define abiotic resources.

Answer:

Abiotic resources are non-living things. Land, Water, Air and Minerals are abiotic resources.

Question 4.

What is sustainable development?

Answer:

1. The present needs for resources are met.

2. The conserving of resources for the future are balanced. It is sustainable development.

E. Give short answers to the following questions.

Question 1.

Differentiate universal and localized resources.

Answer:

Universal Resources

1. Universal resources are present everywhere.

2. Eg. Sunlight and air

Localized Resources

1. Localized resources are present in specific regions.

2. Eg. Minerals

Question 2.

Though human beings are natural resources, why are they classified separately?

Answer:

1. Education, Health, Knowledge and Skill have made human beings a valuable

resource.

2. So Human beings are classified separately. Example: Doctors, Teachers, Scientists.

3.

Question 3.

Compare national and International

Answer:

National resources

1. National resources are resources within the political boundaries and oceanic area of a

country.

2. Eg. Tropical Forest Region of india

International resources

1. International resources are all oceanic resources found in the open ocean. Resources

found in the region can be utilised only after an international agreement.

2. Eg. Ambergris.

Question 4.

What is the difference between Man-made resources and Human resources?

Answer:

Man-made resources:

1. Natural resources are modified or processed by technology.

2. All structures built by man

Human Resources:

1. Groups of individuals use nature to create more resources

2. Education, Health, Knowledge and Skill have made this.

Question 5.

Write the Gandhian thought on conservation of resources.

Answer:

Mahatma Gandhi blamed “human beings” for depletion of resources because of

(a) over exploitation of resources

(b) Unlimited needs of human beings. So, conservation is very important.

F. Give detailed answers for the following questions. (100-120 words).

Question 1.

How are natural resources classified? Explain an three with examples.

Answer:

Natural resources can be classified into different groups depending on origin, development,

renewability, distribution, ownership etc.

(a) On the basis of orgin:

On the basis of origin, resources can be classified into biotic and abiotic resources.

1. All living resources are biotic resources. Plants, animals and other micro organisms

are biotic resources.

2. Abiotic resources are non-living things. Land, water, air and minerals are abiotic

resources.

(b) On the basis of development:

Based on the level of development, resources can be divided into actual and potential

resources.

1. Actual resources are resources that are being used and the quantity available is

known, (e.g.) Coal mining at Neyveli.

2. Potential resources are resources that are not being used in the present and its quantity

and location are not known, (e.g.) Wind Energy.

(c) On the basis of distribution:

On the basis of distribution resources can be classified into localised resources and universal

resources.

1. When resources are present in specific regions, they are called localised resources

(eg.) Minerals.

2. Some resources are present everywhere. Such resources are called universal

Question 2.

How can resources be conserved?

Answer:

Conservation of Resources:

1. Careful use of resources is conservation of resources.

2. Due to the rapid increase in population the resources are being utilized at a very fast

rate.

3. To avoid this we need sustainable development. The sustainable development can

take place when

1.

Wastage and excess consumption is prevented

Reusable resources are recycled

Pollution is prevented

Environment is protected

Natural vegetation and wild life are preserved.

4. The easiest way to conserve resources is to follow the “3R”s : Reduce, Reuse and

Recycle.

Question 3.

What is resource planning and why is it necessary?

Answer:

Resource planning is a technique or skill of proper utilization of resources. Resource planning

is necessary because,

1. Resources are limited, their planning is quite necessary so that we can use them

properly and at the same time we can save them for our future generation.

2. Resources are not only limited, but also they are unevenly distributed over the

different parts of the World.

3. It is essential for the production of resource to protect them from overexploitation.

Question 4.

Explain the primary, secondary and tertiary activities.

Answer:

Primary Activities:

1. According to the human needs the substances (biotic resources) were collected by the

ancient men and preserved for use.

2. For his basic needs (food, clothing and shelter) he collected things through activities.

3. The activities like hunting, food gathering, fishing and forestry are called “Primary

Activities”.

4. Later when food became scarce they had to cultivate and that became agriculture.

5. Mining became one of the leading primary activities.

Secondary Activities:

1. Natural resources are modified or processed by technology. Ex : sugarcane 2 sugar

2. This transforming of raw materials into finished goods is called “Secondary

Activities”.

3. Man’s skills and ideas are the basic requirement for secondary activities.

Tertiary Activities:

1. Tertiary activities are those which render services to production and distribution of

goods.

2. These are concerned with the distribution of primary and secondary products through

a system of transport and trade.

3. Example: Banking, Trade and Communications

G. Statements and inferences:

Question 1.

Statement : Solar energy is the best substitute for thermal energy in tropical regions.

Inference 1 : Coal and petroleum resources are receding.

Inference 2 : Solar energy will never deplete.

Now choose the right answer.

a) Only conclusion 1 follows.

b) Only conclusion 2 follows,

c) Neither 1 nor 2 follows.

d) Both 1 and 2 follow.

Answer:

(d) Both 1 and 2 follow

Question 2.

Statement : If you don’t conserve resources, human race may become extinct.

Inference 1 : You need not conserve resources.

Inference 2 : You need to conserve resources.

Now choose the right answer

(a) Only conclusion 1 follows

(b) Only conclusion 2 follows

(c) Neither 1 nor 2 follows

(d) Both 1 and 2 follow

Answer:

(b) Only conclusion 2 follows

Question 3.

Statement : Man switched over to agriculture.

Inference 1 ; Food gatherers experienced scarcity of food.

Inference 2 : Food gathered was not nutritious.

Now choose the right answer.

a) Only conclusion 1 follows.

b) Only conclusion 2 follows,

c) Neither 1 nor 2 follows.

d) Both 1 and 2 follow.

Answer:

(a) Only conclusion 1 follows

Civics Chapter 1

National Symbols


Question 1.

The National Song Vande Mataram was composed by _______

Answer:

(c) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee

Question 2.

Which is the National Anthem of India?

Answer:

(a) Jana Gana Mana

Question 3.

Who wrote the most ramous novel Anand Math?

Answer:

(c) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee

Question 4.

________ birthday is celebrated as the International Day of non-violence?

Answer:

(a) Mahatma Gandhi

Question 5.

The colour of the Asoka chakra found in our National flag is _______

(b) navy bluel

Question 6.

The first flag ever flown after the Independence is stored in ……………..

Answer:

(a) Chennai fort Museum

Question 7.

The National Anthem was written by _______

Answer:

(c) Rabindranath Tagore

Question 8.

The time taken to play the National Anthem is ……………..

Answer:

(c) 52 seconds

Question 9.

“Vande Mataram” was first sung by _______ at the 1896 session of the National Congress

Answer:

(b) Rabindranath Tagore

Question 10

________ hoists the flag on Independence day in Delhi.

Answer:

(a) The Prime Minister

II. Fill in the blanks :

1. The National emblem was adapted from the Ashoka pillar of ______

2. The National fruit of India is______

3. The National Bird of India is______

4. Our National tree is the______

5. The Flag which was flown in 1947 Independence day was weaved in______

6. The Indian National Flag was designed by ______

7. ______ started the Saka Era

8. The longest river in India is______

9. The Indian Rupee symbol was designed by ______

10. The Chakra of the National Flag has______ spokes

Answer:

1. Sarnath

2. Mango

3. peacock

4. Banyan tree

5. Gudiyatham

6. Pingali Venkayya

7. Kanishka

8. The Ganges

9. D. Udhaya

10. 24

III. Choose the correct answer

1. The Lion Capital is now in the ______ museum (Kolkata/Samath)

2. The National Anthem was adopted in ______

3. ______ is declared as our National Micro organism (Lacto bacillus / Rhizobium)

Answer:

1. Sarnath

2. 1950

3. Lacto bacillus

IV. Fill in the blanks:

1. Saffron — Courage ; White – _______

2. Horse — Energy; Bull – _______

3. 1947 — Independence day; 1950 – _______

Answer:

1. Honesty, peace, purity

2. Hardwork and dedication

3. Republic day

V. Chooose the Correct Option:

1) Rabindranath Tagorea – a.National Song

2) Bankim Chandra Chatteijee – b. National Flag

3) Pingali Venkayyac. – c. Astro Physicist

4) Meghnad Saha – d. National Anthem

a) a d b c

b) d a c b

c) d a b c

Answer:

c) d a b c

VI. Match and choose the wrong answer:

1. National Reptile – Tiger

2. National Aquatic Animal – Lacto bacillus

3. National Heritage Animal – King Cobra

4. National Micro organism – Dolphin

Answer:

1. National Reptile – King Cobra

2. National Aquatic Animal – Dolphin

3. National Heritage Animal – Tiger

4. National Micro organism – Lacto bacillus

VII. Choose the Wrong sentence:

Question 1.

a) The ratio of our National Flag’s length and breadth is 3:2

b) The Chakra has 24 spokes

c) The Chakra is Sky Blue in colour

Answer:

c) The Chakra is Blue in colour [Clue : Navy Blue is correct]

Question 2.

a) The National Flag was designed by Pingali Venkayya

b) The First ever flown Flag after the Independence is stored in Kolkata Museum

c) The First National Flag was weaved in Gudiyattam

Answer:

b) The First ever flown Flag after the Independence is stored in Kolkata Museum,

VIII. Choose the correct sentence:

a) August 15 is celebrated as the Independence day

b) November 26 is celebrated as the Republic day

c) October 12 is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti

Answer:

a) August 15 is celebrated as the Independence day

IX. Answer the following:

Question 1.

What do the colours in our National Flag represent?

Answer:

1. The saffron at the top represents valour and sacrifice.

2. The green at the bottom represents fertility and prosperity.

3. The white band in between represents honesty, peace and purity.

4. The Ashoka chakra or the wheel in navy blue represents truth and peace.

Question 2.

What are the parts of our National emblem?

Answer:

1. Our National emblem consists of two parts the upper and the lower parts.

2. The upper part has four lions facing the North, South, East and West on a circular

Pedestal.

3. The lower part has an elephant, a horse, a bull and a lion. The wheel of right sourness

is placed between them.

Question 3.

What are the salient features of the National anthem?

Answer:

1. ‘Jana Gana Mana’ is our National anthem.

2. It symbolises the sovereignty and intergrity of our Nation.

3. This anthem was written by Rabindranath Tagore in Bengali.

The rules to be observed while singing the Anthem

1. This anthem has to be sung at a duration of 52 seconds.

2. Everyone should stand erect while singing the national anthem,

3. One should understand the meaning while singing.

Question 4.

Draw and define the Indian Rupee Symbol.

Answer:

1. The Indian Rupee sign is the official currency of India. (Designed by D. Udhaya

Kumar)

2. It was presented to the public by the Government of India on 15 July 2010.

3. Shershah Sur’s currency was Rupiya.

4. This Rupiya has been transformed into Rupees the Indian Currency.

5. The symbol of Rupees in.

6. This was designed by D. Udhayakumar from Tamil Nadu in 2010.

Question 5.

Where do we use our National emblem?

Answer:

The National emblem is found at the top of the Government Communication, Indian

Currency and passport.

Question 6.

Who wrote the National Pledge?

Answer:

Pydimarri Venkata Subha Rao wrote the National Pledge.

Question 7.

What are the animals found in the bottom of the emblem?

Answer:

In the bottom of the emblem, we see an elephant, a horse, a bull and a lion.

Question 8.

What are the natural national Symbols?

Answer:

1. Banyan tree

2. Peacock

3. River Ganges

4. Dolphin

5. King Cobra

6. Lotus

7. Tiger

8. Elephant

9. Lactobacillus

10. Mango

Question 9.

Where is the peacock sanctuary located in Tamil Nadu?

Answer:

There is a peacock sanctuary at Viralimalai in the district of Pudukottai (Tamil Nadu).

Civics Chapter 2

The Constitution of India


Question 1.

The Constitution Day is celebrated on

Answer:

November 26

Question 2.

The Constituent Assembly accepted the Constitution of India in the year ……………..

Answer:

(d) 1949

Question 3.

There are _________ amendments made in the Constitution of India till 2016

Answer:

(a)101

Question 4.

Which of the following is not a fundamental right?

Answer:

(c) Right to vote

Question 5.

An Indian citizen has the right to vote at

Answer:

18 years

II. Fill In the blanks :

1. ______ was selected as the chairman of the Constituent Assembly 2. The father of the Constitution of India is ______ 3. ______ protects our fundamental rights 4. The Constitution of India came into existence on ______

Answer:

1. Dr. Rajendra prasad 2. Dr. B.R Ambedkar 3. Constitution 4. 26th january

III. Match the following:

1. Independence day – (a) November 26 2. Republic Day – (b) April 1 3. Constitutional Day of India – (c) August 15 4. Right to Education – (d) January 26

a) c a d b

b) c d a b

c) d b a c

Answer:

b) c d a b

IV. Answer the questions given tinder the caption Constituent Assembly

Question 1.

In which year was the Constituent Assembly formed?

Answer:

Constituent Assembly was formed in the year 1946.

Question 2.

How many members were in the Drafting Committee?

Answer:

Drafting Committee was formed with eight members with Dr. B.R. Ambedkar as its

chairman.

Question 3.

How many women were part of the Constituent Assembly?

Answer:

There were fifteen women participants in the constituent Assembly.

Question 4.

When was the Constitution of India completed?

Answer:

The Constitution of India was completed on 26th November 1949.

V. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.

Why was January 26 adopted as the Republic Day?

Answer:

1. When the Congress met at Lahore in 1929, the members of the Congress unofficially declared the same day as the Day of Poorna Swaraj or the Day of complete self governance.

2. The next year, 26th January 1930 was celebrated as the Independence Day. That day has been observed as our Republic Day.”

Question 2.

What is the Constitution of India?

Answer:

1. The Constitution is an authentic document containing the basic ideas, principles and laws of a country.

2. It also defines the rights and duties of citizens.

Question 3.

List out the special features of the Constitution of India.

Answer:

1. The preface of the constitution is the Preamble. 2. According to it, India is a Sovereign, socialist, Secular democratic republic. 3. The constitution has granted the people the right to rule. Sovereignty refers to the ultimate

power of the country. 4. The term secular refers to freedom of worship. 5. The Constitution provides a Parliamentary form of Government, both at the centre

Question 4.

What are the fundamental rights?

Answer:

“Fundamental rights are the basic human rights of all citizens”. They are

1. Right to Equality 2. Right to Freedom 3. Right against exploitation 4. Right of Freedom of religion 5. Cultural and Educational rights 6. Right to Constitutional Remedies

Question 5.

List out the fundamental duties that you would like to fulfill

Answer:

1. Respecting the National flag and National Anthem. 2. Respect and protect the Constitution. 3. Readiness to serve our country if need arises. 4. Treating everyone as brothers and sister 5. Avoid violence. 6. Protect government property etc.

Question 6.

What is Preamble?

Answer:

The preface of the Constitution is the Preamble.

Question 7.

What do you understand by Liberty, Equality and Fraternity?

Answer:

1. The preamble of Indian constitution clearly says that 2. To achieve Justice-social, economic and political 3. Liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship. 4. Equality of states and opportunity. 5. Fraternity assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the nation.

Question 8.

Define: Sovereign

Answer:

An Independent country not subject to any external power or influence.

VI. Projects and Activities:

Question 1.

List your duties at

1. school 2. home and 3. society

Answer:

(a) Students’ duties at school

1. participate in learning activities. 2. Complete Home work. 3. Attend school regularly on time. 4. Be a part of safe and positive leavning environment. 5. Manage the time wisely. 6. Study for test and exams well ahead of time.

(b) Students’duties at home

1. Put books and magazines in a rack. 2. Be tidy and keep the surroundings clean. 3. Help parents wherever and whenever possible. 4. Fold blankets, saw buttons. 5. Pouring and making tea and coffee.

(c) Students’duties at society

1. Community Responsibility. 2. It includes co-operation, respect and participation. 3. Take active role in literacy campaigns. 4. Student’s role is very crucial in society development such as to increase human resource,

educate others, protect 5. the environment, save mother nature, bring required changes in the society, respect elders,

help the needy and reform the society.

Question 2.

Discuss on these topics:

1. Equality 2. Child labour 3. Right to Education 4. Equality:

Answer:

1. It is a state of affairs in which all people within a specific society have the same status in certain respects. .

2. It includes Civil rights, Freedom of speech, property rights etc.Gender Equality:

Gender equality :

1. means equality between men and women. 2. Both are free to develop their personal abilities. 3. It means fairness of treatment for men and women according to their respective needs.

Child labour:

1. Child Labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood.

2. Child Labour interferes with their ability to attend regular school. 3. This interference is mentally, physically,, socially or morally dangerous and harmful. 4. Indian Government has passed the Child and Adolescent Labour (Prohibition and Regulation)

Act. of 1986. , 5. It was amended in 2016 as CLPR Act. 6. Accordingly a child is defined as any person below the age of 14 and CLPR Act prohibit

employment of a child in any employment including domestic help.

(c) Right to Education:

1. The Right of children to free and compulsory Education Act (RTE) is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted on 4th August 2009.

2. It describes free and compulsory education for children between the age of 6 to 14 years in India under Article 21A of the constitution.

3. India become one of the 135 countries to make education as a fundemental right of every child when the Act came into force on 1st April, 2010.

Question 3.

Kailash Satyarti (India) and Malala Yusufsai (Pakistan) have been awarded the Nobel Prize

for Peace (2014). Find out the reason why:

Answer:

a) Kailash Satyarti (India):

1. Kailash Satyarti is an Indian Childrens’ right activist. 2. He is a Noble peace Prize receipient. 3. Founder of Bachpan Bachao Andolan (save childhood movement. 4. Kailash Satyarti and his team at Bachpan Bachao Andolan have liberated more than 86,000

children in India from Child Labour, Slavery and Trafficking. 5. In 1998, Satyarti led global march against child labour across 103 countries. 6. His work has been recognized through various national and international honours and

awards. 7. He shared the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014 with Malala Yusufsai of Pakistan.

b) Malala Yusufsai (Pakistan)

1. Malala Yusufsai is a Pakistan Activist for female education. 2. She is the youngest Nobel Prize laurate. 3. She is known for human rights advocacy, especially the education of women and children in

her native Swat valley. 4. She became a prominent activist for the right to education. 5. In 2012 she was the recipient of Pakistan’s first National Youth Peace Prize. 6. In 2014 she was the co-recipient of the 2014 Noble Peace Prize along with Kailash Satyarti at

the young age of 17 years.

Prepare a fist of your immediate duties.

Answer:

1. To abide by the constitution and its ideals, to respect the National flag, the National Anthem etc.

2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom. 3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India. 4. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brother hood. 5. To protect and improve the natural resources such as forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife etc. 6. To safeguard the public property and to avoid violence.

Economics Chapter 1

Economics an Introduction

I. Fill in the blanks:

1. The producers of food grains are ______ 2. Collection of honey is a ______ occupation. 3. The conversion of raw materials into finished goods is called ______ 4. According to Gandhiji the villages are ______ of the nation. 5. The percentage of population in the cities of Tamil Nadu is ______

Answer:

1. farmers 2. Primary 3. manufacturing 4. backbone 5. 47 Percent

II. Match the following:

1. Cattle rearing – Secondary occupation 2. Food processing – Services 3. Iron & Steel Industry – Primary occupation 4. Telephone – Agro based industry 5. Cotton Industry – Tertiary occupation

Answer:

1. Cattle rearing – Primary occupation 2. Food processing – Agro based industry 3. Iron & Steel Industry – Secondary occupation 4. Telephone – Services (or) Tertiary occupation 5. Cotton Industry – Agro based industry (or) Secondary occupation

III. Match and find the odd pair:

1. Small scale Industry – Transaction of Money 2. Forest based Industries – Information Technology 3. Services – Paper Industries 4. Banking – Cattle rearing

Answer:

1. Small scale Industry – Cattle rearing 2. Forest based Industries – Paper Industries 3. Services – Information Technology 4. Banking – Transaction of Money

IV. Choose the correct answer:

1. Agriculture is a (Primary / Secondary) occupation 2. Economic activities are divided on the basis of (ownership / use) 3. Sugar Industries are (Primary / Secondary) activity 4. Agro based industry (Cotton / Furniture) 5. Dairy farming is a (Public sector / Co-operative sector)

Answer:

1. Primary 2. use 3. Secondary 4. Cotton 5. Co-operative sector

V. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.

Sandhai – Define

Answer:

In villages once in a week or month, all things are sold in a particular place at a specific time

to meet the needs of the people. That is called Sandai.

What is called barter system?

1. The system of exchanging goods for other goods is called barter system. 2. This was followed in olden days. 3. For example, exchange a bag of rice for enough clothes.

Question 2.

What is trade?

Answer:

The action of buying and selling goods and services is called trade.

Question 3.

What is Savings?

Answer:

The amount from the income which is left for future needs after consumption is called

sayings.

Question 4.

What was the necessity for the invention of money?

Answer:

1. When people exchanged commodities, they might have faced, certain problems when comparing the differences in the value of commodity.

2. To solve this problem, people invented a tool called money.

Question 5.

What was the reason for the development of settlements near water bodies?

Answer:

1. Rivers acts as the main source for cultivation of crops. 2. So early man settled permanently near the rivers.

Question 7.

What are called secondary occupation?

Answer:

1. The raw materials obtained from the primary activities are converted into finished products through machinery on a large scale.

2. These activities involve secondary occupation.

Question 8.

Name the city centred industries.

Answer:

Cement, iron, and Aluminium industries, sea food processing are some of the city centered

industries.

VI. Answer the following in detail:

Question 1.

List out the important primary occupations of your district.

Answer:

Some of the primary occupation are agriculture, crop production, animals husbandry,

fisheries, foresting and mining. It also includes gazing, hunting, gathering.

Question 2.

Mention the manufacturing industries found in your district.

Answer:

1. Cotton textiles 2. Spinning and weaving 3. Food processing industries 4. Beedi production 5. Wind power generations

Question 3.

How are the industries classified on the basis of raw materials?

Answer:

On the basic of raw materials industries are classified as

1. Agro Based Industries – Cotton textiles, Sugar mills and Food processing. 2. Forest Based Industries – Paper mills, Furniture making, Building materials. 3. Mineral Based Industries – Cement, Iron, Aluminium Industries. . 4. Marine Based Industries – Sea food processing.

Question 4.

Write down the occupations in the service sector.

Answer:

1. Transport – Roadways, railways waterways, airways 2. Communication – Post, Telephone, information Technology etc. 3. Trade – Procurement of goods, selling 4. Banking – Money transactions, banking services

What do you know about the features of cities?

Answer:

1. A city is a large human settlement. 2. High density of population. 3. Four way roads, flyovers, sky scrapers, parks. 4. Educational institution, hospital, Government offices. 5. Private and public industries and technological institutions. 6. Employment opportunities permanent monthly income, basic requirements are

VII. Fill in the tabular column given below:

S.No. Occupations in Villages Occupations in cities Occupations in Villages and cities

1. Farming Engineer Carpenter

2. Grazing of Herding Scientists Teacher

3. Blacksmith Musicians Weaver

4. Pottery Journalists Self employed

5. Water Bearers Doctors Marketing

HOTS

Question 1.

Imagine if money disappears one day?

Answer:

1. In our daily life we utilize many things. These things are sold in shops. To buy and sell commodities we use money. If we save money it is good for us and the country.

2. Money is the lubrication for the movement of goods. If these contracts symbolized by money disappeared, there would be instant chaos. All activity would grind to a halt.

vi standard social science history chapter 1 vedic culture

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