Vertebrates

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Table of ContentsTable of Contents

• Vertebrates• Mammals• Birds• Fish• Reptiles• Amphibians• Questions• References

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What are Vertebrates?What are Vertebrates?• Animals• Have a vertebral column• Have a bony skeleton• Can be cold-blooded or warm-blooded• They are of 5 types:

Mammals Birds Fish Amphibians Reptiles

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Mammals (1)Mammals (1)

• There are about 5,ooo species of living mammals.

• Mammals are animals that have:

• Hair• 3 middle ear bones• Mammary glands• Biggest brains out of all

the animals• Lungs

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Mammals (2)Mammals (2)

• Nourish the young with milk

• Can live in water or on land

• Are warm-blooded• Can survive in sub-zero

temperatures and hot climates

• Most are born live• Examples: cows,

horses, cats etc.

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Birds (1)Birds (1)

• Have wings and feathers• The 2 wings are the front limbs and

are used for flying• They do not have teeth• Have beaks• Have hollow bones• Have a special way of breathing• Have a very strong heart• Some cannot fly (example Ostrich)

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Birds (2)Birds (2)• Eat a lot for flight• Live on land• Are warm-blooded• Can survive in sub-zero

temperatures• Build nests for breeding• The largest bird is the

Ostrich• The most common bird is

the Red Jungle fowl • Birds eat bugs, grains,

worms etc.

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FishFish

• Live in oceans, ponds, lakes, and rivers

• Breathe through their gills• Swim with their fins• Have scales on their bodies• They lay eggs• They are cold-blooded• The disadvantage is that when it

is hot they have to find a cooler place and when it is cold, their activity slows down

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ReptilesReptiles

• Most live on land and some live in water

• They breathe through their lungs• They are cold-blooded• They crawl in a wavy motion• They lay their eggs on land• They do not sit on eggs for incubation• They shed their skin• Most have scales on their body

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Amphibians (1)Amphibians (1)

• Most have 4 limbs• They have smooth skin• They live in water when

they are young (i.e. they have gills)

• They are cold-blooded• They live on land when

they are adults (i.e. they have lungs)

• Lay their jelly-covered eggs in water

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Amphibians (2)Amphibians (2)• Have webbed feet to

swim better• Caecilians look like

earth worms• Frogs and toads have

4 legs• 2 legs are used for

jumping• Salamanders have

tails and legs• Salamanders have

smooth, moist skin

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Question (1)Question (1)

Why are mammals considered as vertebrates?

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Because they are animals, they have a vertebral column, they have a bony skeleton, and they are warm-blooded.

Question (2)Question (2)

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Circle the correct answer:

Fish :

a.Have a constant body temperature

b.Lay eggs

c. Shed their skin

d.Have the biggest brains

Question (3)Question (3)

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Three types of amphibians are:

Frogs and toads, salamanders, and caecilians.

Question (4)Question (4)

Fish Reptile Bird Mammal Amphibian

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Put the correct label on top of each picture.

Mammal Bird Fish Amphibian Reptile

Question (5)Question (5)

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What is the largest bird?

The Ostrich is the largest bird.

References (1)References (1)All about Birds. (n. d.). Retrieved April 21, 2004, from

http://www.zoomschool.com/subjects/birds.htmlAnimal Groups. (2003). Retrieved March 28, 2004, from http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0768613.htmlAnimal Groups. (2003). Retrieved April 21, 2004, from http://www.saskschools.ca/~gregory/animals/amphib.htmlAnimal Index-Vertebrates. (2004). Retrieved March 28, 2004, from http://

www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/Animals/Animals.htmlBird. (n. d.) Retrieved May 21, 2004, from

http://www.atlantisenterprisesltd.comBird. (n. d.) Retrieved May 21, 2004, from

http://www.dfustate.or.us/springfield/birdycoloring.htmlBird. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from

http://www.ck/aramoana/aramoeng. html

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References (2)References (2)Cow. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://

www.wingsofthedsagon.com/miscgalleryCrocodile. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from

http://www.sciencemore.com/scipe.htmlCow. (n. d.) Retrieved May 21, 2004, from

http://www.4reference.net/encyclopedias/wikipedia/Cow.htmlEl Hajj, J. (2002). Sciences for Life. Sin-El-Fil, Lebanon: Lebanese

Publishers Company.Fish. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from

http://www.it.bond.edu.au/inft140/lecture06/lec6.htmlFish. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from

http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/Curriculum/whataday.htmlFrog face. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from

http://www.art_licensing.com/.../Bragg%20gallery_4.html

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References (3)References (3)

Frog. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.mcpasso.k12.wi.us/˜kms/Web_Clip_Art/pages/Frog.html

Gifs. (n. d.). Retrieved May 10, 2004, from http://www.animations.comGray Whale. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from

http://www.exzooberance.com/.../gray%20whale/gray%20whale.htmlHorse Collar on Horse. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from

http://www.magnopulse.com/magnetic_horse_collar.htmlLizard. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from

http://www.Hlg.com/luxetumbra/index2.htmlLizard. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from

http://www.alanmarkcorcoran.com/travil.htmlRamel, G. (2004). The Amazing World of Birds. Retrieved April 21, 2004,

from http://www.earthlife.net/birds/intro.html

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References (4)References (4)

Salamander. (n. d.) Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.livejournal.com/community/furartxchange.html

The New Lexicon Webster’s Encyclopedic Dictionary of the English Language. (1991). New York: Lexicon Publications, Inc.

The World of Vertebrates and Invertebrates. (n. d.). Retrieved March 28, 2004, from http://www.students.dsu.edu/birkela/Science/WEBQUEST.html

Three Horse Painting. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.alove4horses.com/calendar12.html

Vertebrates and Invertebrates. (n. d.). Retrieved March 28, 2004, from http://www.filebox.vt.edu/users/rburcham/edweb/project/in-vertebrates.html

Whale. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.syix.com/adsy/linda/jonathan/coloring/index.html

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