verbs with irregular forms in the preterit
TRANSCRIPT
The Preterit of -ir Stem-changing Verbs
(El pretérito de los verbos de -ir de cambio radical)
¿Qué plato pidió?
Prefirió el arroz con
pollo.
dormir dormimosdormísduermen
duermoduermesduerme
dormir dormimosdormisteisdurmieron
dormídormistedurmió
Every stem-changing (shoe) verb in the present tense
ue
u
Type 1
“Sandal” verbs
The preterit stem changes occur only in the third persons.
o ue
o u
that is also an -ir verb is a “sandal” verb in the preterit.
Type 1: o ue, o u
Juan durmió seis horas anoche, y sus hermanos durmieron ocho.
dormir
Juan slept six hours last night, and his brothers slept eight.
Alicia murió dos años después de que murieron sus padres.
morir
Alicia died two years after her parents died.
mentir mentimosmentísmienten
mientomientesmiente
mentir mentimosmentisteismintieron
mentímentistemintió
ie
i
Type 2
“Sandal” verbs
The preterit stem changes occur only in the third persons.
e ie
e i
Every stem-changing (shoe) verb in the present tensethat is also an -ir verb is a “sandal” verb in the preterit.
Type 2: e ie, e i
Eduardo mintió acerca del robo, pero sus cómplices no mintieron.
mentir
Eduardo lied about the theft, but his accomplices didn’t lie.
Marlena sintió alegría cuando ganó el premio, y sus padres sintieron mucho orgullo.
sentir
Marlena felt joy when she won the award, and her parents felt great pride.
servir servimosservíssirven
sirvosirvessirve
servir servimosservisteissirvieron
servíservistesirvió
i
i
Type 3
“Sandal” verbs
The preterit stem changes occur only in the third persons.
e i
e i
Every stem-changing (shoe) verb in the present tensethat is also an -ir verb is a “sandal” verb in the preterit.
Type 3: e i, e i
Antonio sirvió las bebidas, y sus hermanas sirvieron la comida.
servir
Antonio served the drinks, and his sisters served the food.
Tomás pidió un sándwich, y sus hijos pidieron una hamburguesa.
pedir
Tomás ordered a sandwich, and his children ordered a hamburger.
leíste
leímos
leísteis
leieron
leí
leióyó yeron
Verbs that change the “i” to “y” in the third-persons singular and plural
Example: leer
Notice that every form except third-person plural bears a written accent.
The “i” to “y” change applies only to -er and -ir verbs whose stem ends in a vowel
leer
creerleyó leyeron
creyó creyeronoír
oyó oyeron
FIN