verbs a. infinitive: the name of the basic form of the verb. in english, it has “to” in front...
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Verbs
A. Infinitive: the name of the basic form of the verb. In English, it has “to” in front of it French verbs are grouped according to
their infinitive ending. There are 3 groups. We start with studying group 1 where all
the infinitives end in –er.• Name: “-er verbs” Only name
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Infinitives
1. aimer – to like
2. parler-to speak
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3. danser-to dance
4. chanter-to sing
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5. nager- to swim
6. écouter-to listen to
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7. manger-to eat
8. regarder-to look at, watch
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téléphoner =to call
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Example sentences:
J’aime la musique. s
v
obj.
I like music.
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1. J’aime nager. S
V inf
(I like to swim.)2. J’aime chanter. S
V inf
(I like to sing.)
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3. J’aime écouter la radio. S
V inf object
(I like to listen to the radio.)
4. J’aime regarder la télé(vision). S
V inf object
(I like to watch T.V.)
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VERB PHRASES
1. a. parler + a language*français*anglais Note: with the expression, * espagnol it is one of the few times,
you * italien don’t use an article.
J’aime parler espagnol.J’aime parler anglais.
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2. jouer + a sport
a. au tennis
b. au football
c. au basket
d. aux jeux vidéo
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étudier—to study
travailler—to work
voyager-to travel
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Our infinitives are composed of 2 parts:1. the stem2. the ending
ex. parler the ending *infintives are grouped according to their
ending “-er verbs”
parler the stem*all the letters of the infinitive without the last
two letters (e + r) (the ending)
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Infinitive → aimer (to like)
Stem Ending
danser
(stem)(ending)
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**How to conjugate a regular ‘-er’ verb
1. Write the skeleton verb chart of subject pronouns.
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je (I) nous (we)
tu (you) vous (you)
il (he/it)elle (she/it)
ils (they [m/f])elles (they [f])
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2. Take infinitive; that’s the title of conjugation chart.
3. Drop the –er ending. You are left with the stem. Insert the stem only into each of the 6 forms of the conjugation chart.
Note: Both infinitive and the conjugated verb have a stem and an ending. The stem for the infinitive and the conjugated verb are the same. The endings are different.
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Ex. “To speak”
Parler
Drop –er ending from inf. Parler
You are left with “parl” stem.
Add “parl” infinitive stem into conjugation chart which now becomes the conjugated verb stem.
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je parl nous parl
tu parl vous parl
il
elle parlils parlelles
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je parle nous parlons
tu parles vous parlez
il
elle parleils parlentelles
3. Add appropriate conjugated verb ending for each form of conjugation chart.
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1st person singular 1st person plural
2nd person singular 2nd person plural
3rd person singular 3rd person plural
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Note: although different spellings, verb endings for the for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd person singular forms and 3rd person plural forms all have the same sound.
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Example sentences.S + V + Object noun
1. J’aime le français. S.P. V obj. (Remember, you always
need an article in French even though you don’t need one in English.)
2. J’aime l’ école.3. J’aime les vacances.4. J’aime la télé.5. J’aime la radio.
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OR
S + V + infinitiveI like to do ….
RULE: Always conjugate first verb, second verb stays in infinitive form.
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Ex. 1: Directions: 1. Copy French sentences into notebook and fill in the banks with the correct form of the verb in the parentheses.2. Then, translate the sentences into English.
1. Paul _________________ à Paris. (habiter)
2. Nous ______________ beaucoup. (étudier)
3. Ils ________ à sept heures le matin. (arriver)
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4. Les sœurs et les frères _________________ au football à Providence. (jouer)
5. Vous ________________ très bien. (chanter)
6. Tu _______________ avec Jacqueline à sept heures moins le quart le soir. (manger)
7. Marie _______ au téléphone le samedi. (parler)
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More –er verbs (set #2)
1. arriver – to arrive
2. donner—to give
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3. fermer—to close
4. habiter—to live
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9. trouver—to find
• 10. penser—to think
11. dîner—to dine, to have dinner
12. téléphoner à (name) —to telephone, to call (a person)
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Ex. 2: Directions: Copy the English sentences into your notebook, and then translate into French.1. I like to swim.2. She speaks English and French.3. Marc dances on Fridays.4. The students work, and they study after
school.5. You (pl) arrive at school at 8:15 am.6. I eat with Jacques Thursdays at 7:45 pm.
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Translations of verb in the present tense:
In French, present tense consists of only one word.
In English, present tense can have 3 possible translations. You are responsible for all 3 translations.
(FYI, You’re lucky! You don’t need to learn the subtleties of the language!)
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Je chante.=
I sing.I am singing.I do sing.
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