verbal and numerical reasoning, an arboreus presentation
DESCRIPTION
This presentation contains very useful Tips & Tricks, and know-how for the Verbal and Numerical Reasoning tests of EPSO.TRANSCRIPT
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1. Role and weight
2
role: to check logical reasoning ability mathematic – statistic – ratio relationships: “numerical reasoning” language knowledge – language comprehension: “verbal reasoning” no need to “reason”: multiple choice
weight: must pass individually each test! most candidates fail here: “screening test”
VERBAL AND NUMERICAL REASONING
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2. Timing
3VERBAL AND NUMERICAL REASONING
deliberate time pressure: almost always lack of time
app. one and a half minutes for a question
verbal questions usually somewhat faster to solve
priorities, order!
last minute: tips for unsolved questions (25% chance)
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3. Verbal reasoning (1) - example
4
„The EU protects by legislation certain product names that are linked to a territory or to a production method. Protected names are indicated by a quality label. This system has various advantages: the protected names provide substantial guarantees for consumers, who know they are buying the product of guaranteed authenticity, origin and quality, and geographical indications and other quality labels send an excellent marketing message about high value-added products. Some products are exceptional and deserve some explanation of where they come from and how they are produced. Consumers and the food trade are increasingly interested in the geographical origin and other characteristics of food products.”
Which statement about the labels affixed to protected product names is correct?
a) They indicate the exceptional nature of the product.
b) They may indicate that the product comes from a particular geographical area.
c) They do not necessarily imply that the product is protected by EU legislation.
d) They apply to specific product names, sales of which are declining.
VERBAL AND NUMERICAL REASONING
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3. Verbal reasoning (2)
5
always a paragraph long text
usually more (2-3) questions to a given text
identify relevant parts of the text
all words count!
solution: often the substitution of some words by their synonyms
incorrect answers often have flawed logical links or incorrect/superfluous information
solve ONLY on the basis of the text, disregard background knowledge
what can be excluded?
VERBAL AND NUMERICAL REASONING
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3. Verbal reasoning (1) - example
6VERBAL AND NUMERICAL REASONING
„The EU protects by legislation certain product names that are linked to a territory or to a production method. Protected names are indicated by a quality label. This system has various advantages: the protected names provide substantial guarantees for consumers, who know they are buying the product of guaranteed authenticity, origin and quality, and geographical indications and other quality labels send an excellent marketing message about high value-added products. Some products are exceptional and deserve some explanation of where they come from and how they are produced. Consumers and the food trade are increasingly interested in the geographical origin and other characteristics of food products.”
Which statement about the labels affixed to protected product names is correct?
a) They indicate the exceptional nature of the product.
„The EU protects by legislation certain product names that are linked to a territory or to a production method. Protected names are indicated by a quality label. This system has various advantages: the protected names provide substantial guarantees for consumers, who know they are buying the product of guaranteed authenticity, origin and quality, and geographical indications and other quality labels send an excellent marketing message about high value-added products. Some products are exceptional and deserve some explanation of where they come from and how they are produced. Consumers and the food trade are increasingly interested in the geographical origin and other characteristics of food products.”
Which statement about the labels affixed to protected product names is correct?
a) They indicate the exceptional nature of the product. NO
„The EU protects by legislation certain product names that are linked to a territory or to a production method. Protected names are indicated by a quality label. This system has various advantages: the protected names provide substantial guarantees for consumers, who know they are buying the product of guaranteed authenticity, origin and quality, and geographical indications and other quality labels send an excellent marketing message about high value-added products. Some products are exceptional and deserve some explanation of where they come from and how they are produced. Consumers and the food trade are increasingly interested in the geographical origin and other characteristics of food products.”
Which statement about the labels affixed to protected product names is correct?
a) They indicate the exceptional nature of the product. NO
b) They may indicate that the product comes from a particular geographical area.
„The EU protects by legislation certain product names that are linked to a territory or to a production method. Protected names are indicated by a quality label. This system has various advantages: the protected names provide substantial guarantees for consumers, who know they are buying the product of guaranteed authenticity, origin and quality, and geographical indications and other quality labels send an excellent marketing message about high value-added products. Some products are exceptional and deserve some explanation of where they come from and how they are produced. Consumers and the food trade are increasingly interested in the geographical origin and other characteristics of food products.”
Which statement about the labels affixed to protected product names is correct?
a) They indicate the exceptional nature of the product. NO
b) They may indicate that the product comes from a particular geographical area.
c) They do not necessarily imply that the product is protected by EU legislation.
„The EU protects by legislation certain product names that are linked to a territory or to a production method. Protected names are indicated by a quality label. This system has various advantages: the protected names provide substantial guarantees for consumers, who know they are buying the product of guaranteed authenticity, origin and quality, and geographical indications and other quality labels send an excellent marketing message about high value-added products. Some products are exceptional and deserve some explanation of where they come from and how they are produced. Consumers and the food trade are increasingly interested in the geographical origin and other characteristics of food products.”
Which statement about the labels affixed to protected product names is correct?
a) They indicate the exceptional nature of the product. NO
b) They may indicate that the product comes from a particular geographical area.
c) They do not necessarily imply that the product is protected by EU legislation. NO
d) They apply to specific product names, sales of which are declining.d) They apply to specific product names, sales of which are declining. NO
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4. Numerical reasoning (1) - example
7
% of female teachers (2000)
Primary education Secondary education Higher education
Germany 82% 60% 31%Greece 55% 54% 35%Ireland 80% 56% 30%Italy 95% 65% 26%EU-15 77% 56% 36%
In 2000, there were 40 000 teachers in Greece, one fifth of whom in higher education. How many more males than females were there amongst the teaching staff in higher education in Greece in 2000?
a) 640b) 2 400c) 5200d) 12 000
VERBAL AND NUMERICAL REASONING
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4. Numerical reasoning (2)
8
always on the basis of a multiple-factor table
usually more (2-3) questions to one table, some hold additional information
on-screen calculator is allowed!
answers often only differ in the place of the decimal (point or comma):
a) 1125b) 112.5c) 11.25d) 1.125
= counting the first few digits may not be enough
= approximate order of magnitude may be enough
1) identify relevant parts in table, 2) set up the formula, 3) calculate
VERBAL AND NUMERICAL REASONING
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4. Numerical reasoning (1) - example
9
% of female teachers (2000)
Primary education Secondary education
Higher education
Germany 82% 60% 31%Greece 55% 54% 35%Ireland 80% 56% 30%Italy 95% 65% 26%EU-15 77% 56% 36%
In 2000, there were 40 000 teachers in Greece, one fifth of whom in higher education. How many more males than females were there amongst the teaching staff in higher education in Greece in 2000?
a) 640b) 2 400c) 5200d) 12 000
In 2000, there were 40 000 teachers in Greece, one fifth of whom in higher education. How many more males than females were there amongst the teaching staff in higher education in Greece in 2000?
a) 640b) 2 400c) 5200d) 12 000
In 2000, there were 40 000 teachers in Greece, one fifth of whom in higher education. How many more males than females were there amongst the teaching staff in higher education in Greece in 2000?
a) 640 1. 40 000 / 5 = 8 000b) 2 400c) 5200d) 12 000
In 2000, there were 40 000 teachers in Greece, one fifth of whom in higher education. How many more males than females were there amongst the teaching staff in higher education in Greece in 2000?
a) 640 1. 40 000 / 5 = 8 000b) 2 400 2. 65% - 35% = 30%c) 5200d) 12 000
In 2000, there were 40 000 teachers in Greece, one fifth of whom in higher education. How many more males than females were there amongst the teaching staff in higher education in Greece in 2000?
a) 640 1. 40 000 / 5 = 8 000b) 2 400 2. 65% - 35% = 30%c) 5200 3. 8 000 x 0.30 = 2 400d) 12 000
VERBAL AND NUMERICAL REASONING
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5. How to prepare
10
practice, practice, practice: sample tests
measure your time
establish priorities: which is easier for you?
VERBAL AND NUMERICAL REASONING