1

Verb Tenses

To Think About Verb Tenses, Use a Time Line

2

We are stuck in the present.

But, we can remember the past and think about the future.

We do this with our inner eye.

3

How Does It Work?

Think of this as your inner-eye. This is what we use to remember

and to imagine with.

4

If we really think about time, we are always stuck in the

present.

The Present

5

Let’s use the inner-eye.

The Present

Thinking about the future.

The Future

Thinking about the past.

The Past

6

By using the inner-eye, let’s now build a time line.

Present FuturePast

I am baking a pepperoni pizza.

What makes this action in the present tense?

bakingam

7

By using the inner-eye, let’s now build a time line.

Present FuturePast

I bake a pepperoni pizza.

bake

Biofuels provide a potential route to avoiding the global political instability and environmental issues that arise from reliance on petroleum.

8

When philosophers discuss personal identity they are not talking about such down-to-earth concerns as ethnicity and multiculturalism. Instead, they are referring to the more abstractly metaphysical question of what makes each of us the same person he or she was last week.

9

10

Let’s think about yesterday.

Yesterday, I was baking a pepperoni pizza.

What makes this action in the past tense?

was

Present FuturePast

Thinking about the past.

baking

The citrus seeds oil samples contained eight fatty acids while linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids were major acids. Some antinutritional compounds were detected in the flours. The results revealed that, glucosides, stachyose, raffinose, trypsin inhibitor, phytic acid and tannins were present in all citrus seeds flours.

11

12

Let’s think about tomorrow.

Tomorrow, I will be baking a pepperoni pizza.

What makes this action in the future tense?

will

Present FuturePast

Thinking about the future.

bakingbe

The article also proposes that in order to encourage teacher research, the educational community will need to address incentives for teachers, the creation and maintenance of supportive networks

13

14

Let’s think about the near past.

Today, I have been baking pepperoni pizza.

Present FuturePast

have

been

Notice that “baking” is now in the past and in the present.

baking

Here we have demonstrated the second stage of metabolic engineering effort by designing and engineering a regulatory circuit to control gene expression in response to intracellular metabolic states.

15

Global energy demand and environmental concerns have stimulated increasing efforts to produce carbon-neutral fuels directly from renewable resources

16

hybridity in African post-colonial literature have often been heavily laden with nationalist and leftist ideological encumbrances,

17

18

Let’s think further into the past.

The day before yesterday, I had been baking pizza.

Present FuturePastPast/Past

had

been

baking

yesterdayday before

The first six grades in school were experienced by the interviewees as full of distress and failure for a majority. Though peer relations were often good, many had experienced bullying.

19

Practice CDC (Center for diseases Control and

Prevention) is working with other U.S. government agencies, the World Health Organization (WHO), and other domestic and international partners and has activated its Emergency Operations Center to help coordinate technical assistance and control activities with partners. CDC has also deployed teams of public health experts to West Africa and will continue to send experts to the affected countries.

Source: http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/guinea/ 20

A New Entry Is Shaking Up Brazil’s Vote Marina Silva learned how to read as a

teenager and worked as a maid before entering politics as an icon of the environmental movement. Now, with a trajectory appealing to big parts of Brazil’s electorate, Ms. Silva is stirring an acutely competitive presidential race.

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/21/world/americas/a-newcomer-is-shaking-up-brazils-vote.html?_r=1 21

Brazil's scary PISA results

Since unveiling the 2012 PISA assessment of 15-years-old results in early December, 2013, I have been considering writing about these data and their implications for higher education in Brazil.

22

More than 67% of the students are low performers in mathematics, meaning that they can hardly extract relevant information from a single source or use basic algorithms, formulae, procedures or conventions to solve problems involving whole numbers.

https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/world-view/brazils-scary-pisa-results

23

Additionally, some 61% of Brazilian students are low performers in science, meaning that, at best, they can present scientific explanations that are obvious and respond to explicit scientific evidence.

24

In Brazil, more than one in three (36%) 15-year-old students have repeated a grade at least once in primary or secondary school; many were held back more than once. This is one of the highest rates of grade repetition among countries participating in PISA.

25

Group work Imagine we are the scientific

committee and we are selecting abstracts to be accepted or not.

Criteria: A) Presents unit B) It’s clear or raise doubts for the

reader C) Can you easily find the main issue? D) Are there many repetitions or

something that could be crossed off? 26

Case Studies in Agribusiness: An Interview with Ray Goldberg

Agribusiness refers to the collection global systems involved in the production, distribution and consumption of food and fiber. Since the term was first coined by Harvard Business School (HBS) professors Ray Goldberg and John Davis in the 1950s, case studies have played a pivotal role in the development of the field. In this interview with Ray Goldberg, the impact of case studies on agribusiness thought and edu-cation are discussed. Highlights include how cases have served to define the field as an area of research, provided a means of communications between researchers and practicing executives, fostered communication between executives participating in different parts of the overall systems, and, most importantly, helped students to acquire a grasp of the complex relationships between agricultural products, trade, technology, and public policy

INEQUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES: INTERNATIONAL EVIDENCE FROM PISA

FREEMAN, Richard B. MACHIN, Stephen J. VIARENGO, Martina G.

This paper examines the relation between measures of the within-country inequality of student scores on international academic tests and the average level of scores across countries, using the PISA mathematics tests over 2000-2009. It finds that average test scores are higher in countries with lower inequality in scores –a virtuous efficiency-equity relation in test performance –and that family background factors are differently associated with student test performance across countries, but display little impact on the country-wide dispersion of test scores.

Accounting and Auditing Standards for Islamic Financial Institutions

The accounting practices of different Islamic financial institutions today vary greatly, and financial reporting in Islamic financial institutions lacks self-regulation and standardization. It is thus imperative that high and common accounting and auditing standards be developed and implemented across Islamic financial institutions. The Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions, established in and based in Manama, Bahrai, has played a pioneering role in developing and promoting these standards. It has brought together a common Shari‘ah Board, worked with regulatory as well as financial institutions to implement its standards, and to date made a total of eighteen pronouncements on accounting and auditing standards for Islamic finance.

Analyse if the text is good or not. Criterias:

A) Presents unit B) Is it clear for the reader or raise doubts C) Is there a little background/intro to explain the

objective/ Are the objectives, aims clear D) How did the author go finding the results? What

steps were taken to carry out the project? E) Can you easily find the main issue F) Are there many repetitions or something that

could be crossed off G) As a result of the procedure, what was found or

created?

30