vegetative development of plants hort 301 – plant physiology december 4, 2009 taiz and zeiger –...
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![Page 1: Vegetative Development of Plants HORT 301 – Plant Physiology December 4, 2009 Taiz and Zeiger – Chapter 16, Smith et al. – Chapter 5 paul.m.hasegawa.1@purdue.edu](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56649d5f5503460f94a3f2e6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Vegetative Development of PlantsHORT 301 – Plant Physiology
December 4, 2009Taiz and Zeiger – Chapter 16, Smith et al. – Chapter 5
Three basic stages of plant development are embryogenesis, vegetative growth/development and reproductive growth/development
Smith et al. (2010) Plant Biology
![Page 2: Vegetative Development of Plants HORT 301 – Plant Physiology December 4, 2009 Taiz and Zeiger – Chapter 16, Smith et al. – Chapter 5 paul.m.hasegawa.1@purdue.edu](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56649d5f5503460f94a3f2e6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Genetic programs regulate plant developmentPlant development is affected also by the environment
Smith et al. (2010) Plant Biology
![Page 3: Vegetative Development of Plants HORT 301 – Plant Physiology December 4, 2009 Taiz and Zeiger – Chapter 16, Smith et al. – Chapter 5 paul.m.hasegawa.1@purdue.edu](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56649d5f5503460f94a3f2e6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Hartmann et al. Plant Propagation 2002
Pollination and embryogenesis leads to seed development
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Graham et al. 2006, Plant Biology
Graham et al. (2006) Plant Biology
Asymmetric and symmetric cell divisions are involved in embryogenesis
Double fertilization causes the formation of the zygote and endosperm
![Page 5: Vegetative Development of Plants HORT 301 – Plant Physiology December 4, 2009 Taiz and Zeiger – Chapter 16, Smith et al. – Chapter 5 paul.m.hasegawa.1@purdue.edu](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56649d5f5503460f94a3f2e6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al
Stages of embryogenesis
Smith et al. (2020) Plant Biology
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Coordinated program is responsible for embryo development
![Page 7: Vegetative Development of Plants HORT 301 – Plant Physiology December 4, 2009 Taiz and Zeiger – Chapter 16, Smith et al. – Chapter 5 paul.m.hasegawa.1@purdue.edu](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56649d5f5503460f94a3f2e6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Auxin is a primary regulator of embryogenesisAuxin movement and accumulation establishes polarity that regulates cell patterning
Proembyro
Prosuspensor
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Genes involved in embryogenesisAxial patterning
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Radial patterning
WOODEN LEG (WOL) encodes a cytokinin receptor and regulates phloem development, wol – no proto-phloem
![Page 10: Vegetative Development of Plants HORT 301 – Plant Physiology December 4, 2009 Taiz and Zeiger – Chapter 16, Smith et al. – Chapter 5 paul.m.hasegawa.1@purdue.edu](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56649d5f5503460f94a3f2e6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Ground tissue (cortex and endodermis) development
scr
scr – cortex and endodermis are disturbed (merged)
shr – no endodermis
wol – no phloem
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Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al
Seed development/dormancy and germination is regulated by ABA and GA
Smith et al. (2010) Plant Biology
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Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al
Smith et al. (2010) Plant Biology
Shoot apical meristem (SAM) is the progenitor of the repeated unit of the shootRepeated unit is leaf, lateral meristem and internode
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Shoot apical meristem may not be directly affected by auxin
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Coordination of WUSCHEL (WUS) and CLAVATA 3 (CLV3) expression is indicative of genes that regulate cell patterning during shoot development
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Shoot apical meristem (SAM) organization and shoot and root development – genetic programs for which numerous important determinants have been identified
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Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al
Polar auxin transport regulates shoot elongation
Smith et al. (2010) Plant Biology
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Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al.
Lateral suppression reduces branching in tomato and maize
Smith et al. (2008) Plant Biology
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Leaf meristem has three developmental axesTip to base, radial, and upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) surfaces
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Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al
Vertical and horizontal leaf growth
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Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al
Root apical meristem (RAM) and zonation
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Auxin is involved in root apical meristem cell identity and root development
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Root development
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Lateral root branching is due to divisions of the pericycle
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Senescence/and programmed cell death are an aging process
Soybean plants are similar age but flowers were removed from the plant on the right