vega launch vehicle: trajectory & attitude control system

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VEGA Launch Vehicle: Trajectory & Attitude Control System

Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna.

School of Engineering and Architecture - Forlì


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Seminar Contents

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Contents

2013/12/10


Brief GMV group overview

VEGA Launcher Programme

Ascent Trajectory Description

VEGA: Its origin from early 60ths

VEGA VV01 Launch

Launcher Attitude Control System

Conclusion

http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Launchers_Home/SEM5EZ2PGQD_0.html


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WE ARE WHO

© GMV, 2013

Multinational conglomerate founded in 1984

Private capital

Offices in Spain, Portugal, Poland, USA, Germany, Romania, India and Malaysia

Over 1,100 employees all over the world

Roots tied to the Space and Defense industries

Currently operating in Aeronautics, Space, Defense, Security, Transportation, Healthcare and ICT industries.

GENERAL


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115M€ (total turnover)

Over 1.100 employees

GMV IN THE WORLD

€

Offices in Spain, Portugal, Poland, USA, Germany, Romania, India and Malaysia

Technology deployed in 5 continents

Permanent staff in 10 countries

SPAIN

MADRID – HEADQUARTERS

VALLADOLID

SEVILLE

BARCELONA

VALENCIA

CANARY ISLANDS

LEON

ZARAGOZA

PORTUGAL

USA

GERMANY

POLAND

ROMANIA

MALAYSIA

INDIA


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INDUSTRIES

Aeronautics

Space

Defense

Security

Healthcare

Transportation

Telecommunications

Public Sector and Corporate ICT


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GMV IN NUMBERS: SUSTAINED GROWTH

Solid economical growth financed by the resources generated by the company: 50% in the last 4 years

Growth in all sectors, particularly in Transport and Space

Reasonable overall expectative for 2012 and 2013


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STRONG EMPLOYMENT GENERATION

GMV employees today over 1.100 people from which around 85 in Portugal

Over 85% with university degrees with engineering, physics and maths profiles

In the last 4 years GMV generated over 70 new employments in Space sector

73%

12%

3%

8% 4%

Tit. Universitario Grado Superior (inc. Doctor)

Tit. Universitario Grado Medio

Ciclo Grado Superior

Técnico

Administrativo

[Analysis by Sector]


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VEGA Launcher Talk

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VEGA is the smallest launcher of the European fleet operated by Kourou Space center in the French Guiana.

VEGA LAUNCHER PRESENTATION

Main Data

Height 30 m

Diameter 3 m

Liftoff mass 137 tonnes

Payload mass*

1500 kg


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VEGA LAUNCHER ELEMENTS

VEGA is a four stage launcher

First three stages uses a solid propellant (HTPB)

– P80

– Z23 (Zefiro 23)

– Z9 (Zefiro 9)

Forth stage is equippend with re-startable liquid propelent

– AVUM (Attitude Vernier Upper Module)


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video/1201_013_AR_EN_wmphigh.wmv

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VEGA LAUNCHER ELEMENTS

P80 Height 10.5 m

Diameter 3 m

Propellant mass

88 t

Burn time 107 s

Max. engine thrust

3040 kN

Z23 Height 7.5 m

Diameter 1.9 m

Propellant mass

23.9 t

Burn time 71.6 s

Max. engine thrust

1200 kN

Z9 Height 3.85 m

Diameter 1.9 m

Propellant mass

10.1 t

Burn time 117 s

Max. engine thrust

313 kN

AVUM Height 1,7m

Diameter 1.9 m

Propellant mass

550 kg

Burn time 317 s

Max. engine thrust

2450 N


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LAUNCH SEQUENCE

Time Event Altitude km

Speed km/s

T0 P80 ignition n/a n/a

0.3 s Liftoff n/a n/a

1 min 55.6 s Zefiro-23 ignition 61 1.7

3 min 38.5 s Zefiro-9 ignition 135 3.8

3 min 43.5 s Fairing separation 138 3.9

5 min 47.1 s Zefiro-9 shut down 182 7.7

5 min 54.1 s AVUM 1st boost 185 7.7

8 min 45 s AVUM shut down, 260 7.8

48 min 7.3 s AVUM 2nd boost 1447 6.6

52 min 10.5 s AVUM shut down 1450 6.9


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LAUNCH PROFILE

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video/VEGA_3D_Launch_Simulation_e220c067-5755-4703-9df0-f9e1b89600f4.mp4

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Launcher Main Facts

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video/1201_009_AR_EN_belloFabrizi12min.mp4

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VEGA -PROGRAMM

VEGA stands in Italian

VEGA-Vettore Europeo di Generazione Avanzata

VERTA-Vega Research and Technology Accompaniment


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VEGA ORGANIZATION


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http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Launchers_Home/SEM5EZ2PGQD_0.html


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VEGA history: back to 60ths

Talk

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VEGA HISTORY

Vega officially became an ESA programme in June 1998

The Vega programme has its origins back in the 1990s

The ASI Italian space agency and Italian industry developed concepts and began pre-development work based on their established knowhow in solid propulsion.

Italian Space activities started in 1964 with the San Marco project and the San Marco-1 Launch


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video/1201_006_AR_EN.mp4

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SCOUT and SAN-MARCO PROJECT

Italy was the 3rd Country in the World to launch a satellite in 1964 with the San-Marco-1 Satellite

In 1967 San-Marco2 was launched by the San Marco platform from Kenya Coast

The programme S.Marco performed almost 10 launches in twenty years

SAN MARCO SCOUT LAUNCH RECORD

Launch Date Payload Comments

26-04-1967 San Marco 2

San Marco 1 had previously been launched from Wallops in the USA

12-12-1970 SAS-A

24-04-1971 San Marco-3

15-11-1971 S-Cubed A

15-11-1972 SAS-B

18-02-1974 San Marco-4

15-10-1974 Ariel 5

Satellite operations were directed from a control center at the Appleton Lab, U.K.

07-05-1975 SAS-C

25-03-1988 San Marco-D/L


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Marco_1

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Marco_1

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallops_Flight_Facility

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=S-Cubed_A&action=edit&redlink=1



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Small_Astronomy_Satellite



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutherford_Appleton_Laboratory

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutherford_Appleton_Laboratory

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Small_Astronomy_Satellite



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SAN-MARCO Project

SAN-MARCO project was fully developed under the leadership of Prof. Luigi Broglio who instituted the school of Aerospace Engineering in Rome in 1952 on the previous school of aeronautical engineering


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video/VEGA_VNR_B-Roll Archives_-_SCOUT,_Italia,_San_Marco,_Kenya_a67d91e9-0c99-4ec9-99d9-773b1f6e2212.mp4

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SAN-MARCO Photos Gallery


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Last Scout Launcher in Rome !!!


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VEGA Qualification Launch: VV01

Talk

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VV01- VEGA Qualification Flight

Vega's first launch, dubbed VV01, is planned for 13 February 2012.

The vehicle will lift off from the new Vega launch site at Europe’s Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana, carrying nine satellites into orbit:

– LARES laser relativity satellite

– ALMASat-1 from University of Bologna

– Seven CubeSats from European Universities.

The mission qualified the overall Vega system


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video/1201_012_AR_EN.mp4

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VV01 ALMASAT

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VV01 Launch from Jupiter Control Room

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video/1202_007_AR_EN_LaunchingVega.mp4


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GMV Partecipation VEGA programme

VEGA-MAIDEN FLIGHT

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VEGA-GNC FPSA

Two years project aiming at developing

the launcher Flight Program Software Alternative (FPSA)

GMV personnel embedded in the GNC System Design Team at ELV

– Launcher Reaction and Attitude Control

System

– Launcher Guidance Algorithms Improvements

– Fault Detection Identification and Recovery (FDIR)


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http://www.elv.it/en/media-room/video/?v=video_07

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GMV Contribution GMV is partecipating to the VEGA

Programme with an important involvement in the FPSA project

FPSA: Stands for Flight Program Software Alternitive

This represents a new version of the FPS available since the second flight

GMV contribution in many critical areas

– GNC-Algorithms

• Navigation and Guidance

• Roll and Attitude Control System

– Quality Assurance

– RAMS

Courtesy of ELV


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How does GNC work ?

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INERTIAL NAVIGATION UNIT (NAVIGATION )

ONBOARD COMPUTER (GUIDANCE )

TVC (CONTROL )

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What is the origin of Guidance Navigation and Control (GNC)

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NAVIGATION WHERE AM I ?

GUIDANCE WHAT IS THE NEW COURSE TO THE DESTINATION ?

CONTROL HOW TO CONTROL THE BOAT TO KEEP THE NEW

COURSE

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Navigation

INSAHRS

GyroAttitude rate Attitude

AccelerometerLocal acceleration

∆v in inertial

att in inertial

Both Vega and Ariane5 make use of the

same inertial navigation platform,

Thales Avionics Quasar 3000, a strapdown platform based on linear accelerometers and ring-laser-gyros

Performances are quoted as 1σ – Attitude drift: 0.03 deg/h – Position drift: 1.5 Km/h.

It provides the pitch and yaw control during propulsive phase of the flight with input data from Vega control system.


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Guidance

2nd step in the Navigation › Guidance › Control chain

Function

• Compute the attitude angles to command the control system to follow optimal trajectory

• Process and transform Navigation Data to compute error in position and velocity with respect to required

Open Loop Guidance

• During P80 and Z29 – Atmospheric Flight – Pitch / Yaw programmes Orbital manoeuvres, Coasting - Pointing to programmed attitude

• Second Payload Injection – Pointing, ∆velocity to programmed

Closed Loop Guidance • During Exo-Atmospheric boosts – Z9, AVUM1, AVUM2 • Closed loop optimum pitch and yaw computation based on analytical formulae

Page 36 VEGA Launch Vehicle: Trajectory & Attitude Control System

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Open Loop Guidance: Conservative Scheme

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Relative Velocity Vector

Main objective is to reduce the aerodynamic loads during the atmospheric flight The launcher constantly try to keep to zero the Angle of Attack The resulting trajectory is known as: “Gravity Turn”

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Closed Loop Guidance. Adaptive Scheme

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Guidance commands are computed based on actual position and velocity in order

to get the final prescribed orbit

Thrust Direction

Propelled Arc

Final Orbit

© GMV, 2013 Page 42

Attitude control: Thrust Vector Control (TVC)

The Thrust Vector Control (TVC)

system comprises two electro-actuators that operate the gambled engines.

It provides the pitch and yaw control during propulsive phase of the flight with input data from Vega control system.


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Attitude control: Roll and attitude control system (RACS)

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The attitude control is provided by two clusters of three cold gas (GN2) thrusters during: – Ballistic flight (3-axis or spin-up)

– Roll control during the propelled

phases

Each thruster provides a thrust of 50 N, fed from one single vessel

Z

YX

15°

15°

3

1 2

6

4 5

15°

Z

X

Y .

6 3

5 2

Z

YX

15°

15°

3

1 2

6

4 5

Z

YX

15°

15°

3

1 2

6

4 5

15°

Z

X

Y .

6 3

5 2

15°

Z

X

Y .

6 3

5 2

Z

X

Y .

6 3

5 2

Z

X

Y ..

6 3

5 2

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Attitude control phases

TVC

• (pitch and yaw)

RACS

• (roll rate and angle)

RACS control:

• 3 axes stabilization

• Attitude maneuvers

• Payload pointing

2012/13/02


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Conclusion and Remarks

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On 6th of May 2013 VV02 was

successfully performed with FPSA.

Vega Reached two different orbits releasing several satellites.

This was the first VERTA flight

Several Flights have been already scheduled for the launcher including the interesting VEGA+IXV

vega launch vehicle: trajectory & attitude control system

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