VCESIM - LTE Dynamic System Simulator by Sheffield University

A Tutorial on Simulator Functionality, Usage and Development Room F160, Mapping Building, University of Sheffield. 19th July 2011

Dr. Weisi Guo and Prof. Tim O’Farrell

University of Sheffield

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Contents

• Introduction

• Development Time Line

• Functionality Overview and Details

• Usage

• Results

• Development and Version Control

Part 1: Introducing the Simulator

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Introduction

• Written by Dr. Weisi Guo

• Approved by Prof. Tim O’Farrell

• Asset of MVCE and University of Sheffield

• For use by Industrials

• Current Version 1.6

• Development duration: Dec 2010 to July 2011

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Time Line

Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep

v0.0 Started

Development

v1.2 Antenna

Patterns and

Sectorization

v1.3 HSPA &

Sleep Mode &

Energy Models

v1.4 Power

Control and

Traffic Models

v1.5 Cell

Expansion:

Flex-RAN

v1.6 Mobility

Model and

Uplink

v1.1 Basic

Deployment:

Cell Size

v1.7 Het-Nets:

Overlay and

Generic

v1.8 Advanced

Scheduling

v1.9

Integrating

Solutions

19th July: Tutorial on Code

Functionality and Usage.

Feedback on Development.

Jan: TSG Feedback on Cell Deployment,

Antenna Patterns and Initial Results

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Validation

• Validated against 3GPP Ericsson Downlink [1]

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3 Sectors with Frequency Re-use Pattern with 1x2 SIMO,

ISD = 1700m

VCE SIM Throughput: 1.3 bit/s/Hz/cell

Average Literature Throughput: 1.2/bit/s/Hz/cell

3 Sectors with Frequency Re-use Pattern 1 with 2x2 SU-

MIMO, ISD = 1700m

VCE SIM Throughput: 1.6 bit/s/Hz/cell

3GPP Ericsson Throughput: 1.6 bit/s/Hz/cell

[1] LTE Performance Evaluation – Uplink Summary 3GPP TSG RAN R1-072261, November 2007

Design Philosophy

• Create First, Improve Later

• Easily Customizable

• Integrate other Research Solutions

• Reveal fundamental metrics & mechanisms

• At the cost of: slower simulation times

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Storage and Referencing

• Stored on NEC Secure Server

• Request permission from Author, Approver &

MVCE

• Internal Reference: TR-GR-0076

• External Reference: Green Cellular Network,

IEEE Wireless Advanced Conference

Functionality Overview

• User Distribution, Traffic and Mobility

• Cell Deployment and Transmission

• Channel Propagation Modelling

• Attachment and Scheduling

• Downlink and Uplink Throughput

• Results Extraction

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Input Parameters

Optimization Loop: Cell Size,

Antenna Parameters, Resource

Allocation

Distribute Users & Cells

Attach Users to Cells

Schedule Users

Downlink, Uplink &

Other Results

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Input Parameter List 1

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Input Parameter List 2

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Functionality Customization

• Each function’s ability is toggled by a logical

input, i.e., 1 = Sleep Mode, 0 = No Sleep Mode

• To add extra functionality, add an extra logical

step inside the function

• Update the user manual accordingly

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Key Functions

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Part 2: Detailed Simulator Functionality

User Distribution

• 2 User Distribution Choices: Fixed or Random

• Parameters: Simulation Area and Density (per km2)

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Traffic Load

• Related to Number of Users and QoS demanded

• 2 Choices: Full Load or Partial Load

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Dense Urban Low:

30Mbit/s/km2

Dense Urban Mean:

80Mbit/s/km2

Dense Urban Peak:

120Mbit/s/km2

User Mobility

• 2 Choices: Manhattan or Browning

• Parameters: Restriction Factor and Speed

• Future: Mixture of Users

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Homogeneous Cell Deployment

• Parameters: Inter-cell-site distance, Horizontal Sectors,

Vertical Sector-Sets, Frequency Reuse Pattern

• Optional Parameters: Inter-cell and Intra-cell Rotation

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Heterogeneous Cell Deployment

• Parameters: Inter-cell-site distance, Horizontal Sectors,

Vertical Sector-Sets, Frequency Reuse Pattern

• Optional Parameters: Inter-cell and Intra-cell Rotation

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Transmission Power

• Max. Transmission Power varies with inter-site distance.

• Sleep Mode Power consumption can vary as a

percentage of the overhead power.

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Antenna Pattern

• Depends on Cell Type and Plane

• Horizontal Plane: Theoretical Expression

• Vertical Plane: Look Up Table in Book of Assumptions.

• Only 2D Antenna Patterns so far, but can modify to get

a 3D version in.

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Pathloss Model

• Options: WINNER II Urban

Micro/Macro, COST 231

HATA/Walfish-Ikegami, Free-

space.

• Multipath and Shadow Fading

on sub-carrier level.

Multipath Options: WINNER II

model or Independent

Rayleigh.

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Cell Selection

• Select Cell Based on Strongest Downlink SINR

• Central Cell-Site Users are considered for performance

• Outer Cell-Site Users are considered for interference

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Planned Work:

Wrap Around and

Soft Handover

Functionality

Scheduling

• Conventional Scheduler: Round Robin with option of

using all resource blocks or be QoS dependent.

• Proportional Fairness and Max SINR (version 1.8,

August)

• Green Scheduler: Energy Efficient Proportional Fair

Scheduler (version 1.8 of code, August), incorporating

Charles’ work.

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UL and DL Throughput

• Options: Shannon Capacity, Backed-off Shannon, Adaptive Modulation and

Coding (AMC) Table. AMC from BoA-Bristol or Vienna LTE Link Simulator.

• Downlink SINR: Interference from other cells to user

• Uplink SINR: Interference from other users to serving cell

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SINR, dB

Capacity,

bits/s

/Hz

Gaussian (Shannon)

Gaussian (LTE Backoff)

MCS Lookup Table

QPSK

16 QAM

64 QAM Shannon

Clearly, the Shannon bound is

a poor approximation

MAX

LTEShannonLTEShannon RBackoff

SINRBWR ,)1(logmin 2

Results Extraction

• Total/Average UL/DL Rate,

• 95% UE achieved UL/DL Rate,

• Outage Probability,

• ECR,

• Sleeping Cells.

• Average UL/DL SINR.

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2D Plotting

• Capabilities: Track Moving UE, Show Cell Selection

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3D Plotting

• Capabilities: Show Average DL Received SINR

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Part 3: Demonstration

Requirements

• Authorized Access to NEC Server

• Permission from Dr. Weisi Guo, Prof. Tim O’Farrell

and Simon Fletcher

• Matlab installed, prefer 2010b edition or better

• Technical Support: contact Dr. Weisi Guo

• Joint code development, is not available yet.

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Starting Point

• Access NEC Server

• Select Trunk and Copy Files into same Matlab Folder

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Running Simulator

• Access Matlab

• Version developed on 7.10.0

R2010a

• Select Correct Folder pathway

• Open the Main LTE Simulator

File: LTE Simulator v1.6.m

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Inputs and RUN

• Should look like this:

• Version Control at top

• Parameters and input

advice given next

• Just click run, and the

Matlab window will

regularly tell you what’s

happening.

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Part 4: Development and Feedback

Making Changes

• Making changes

requires using

SVN (software

version control)

• Committing

changes is

simple.

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Going Forward

Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar

V1.6 Mobility

Model and

Uplink

v1.8 Advanced

Scheduling

v1.11 Integrating

MVCE Solutions

v1.7 Het-Nets:

Overlay and

Generic

V2.1 Legacy

Systems

V2.2 Soft

Handovers

V2.3 ??

19th July: Tutorial on Code

Functionality and Usage.

Feedback on Development.

Nov: Feedback on

Integration Progress

and Simulator Update

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V1.9 Wrap

Around and

Indoor Simulator

Outdoor: Multi-Cell, Multi-User Network

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SINR, dB

Capacity,

bits/s

/Hz

Gaussian (Shannon)

Gaussian (LTE Backoff)

MCS Lookup Table

User Mobility, Offered Load Density, Cell Sectorization and Frequency Reuse Patterns

Adaptive Modulation & Coding, Sleep Mode Operation and Relays

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Corridors

Washroom

Small Office

Large Office

Indoor: Customizable Architecture

Outdoor

Interference

Femto-cells

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Integrated Simulator

Relays

Base-stations

Indoor

Femto-cells