vbn - basics of fire extinguishers - health & safety · workers rights 1. right to refuse...
TRANSCRIPT
Page 1
Employee
Orientation
2019
Page 2
Page 3
Things to Review and Know
Website: vbnsafety.ca
Job Safety Board:
Toolbox Talks:
Safe Work Practices:
Safe Job Procedures:
Workplace Violence and Harassment:
Company Rules:
Safety Data Sheets:
Personal Protective Equipment Policy:
Training Policy:
Progressive Disciplinary Policy:
Policies:
New company email address and website log in information
Company Email Address
First initial of your first name . last name @ vbnsafety.ca
Sample Login: [email protected]
Password: VBNsafety
Settings to add email account on your phone
Username: [email protected]
Password: VBNsafety
Incoming Server: mx.vbnsafety.ca
IMAP Port: 993 POP3 Port: 995
Outgoing Server: mx.vbnsafety.ca
SMTP Port: 465
IMAP, POP3, and SMTP require authentication
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VBN Paving – Company Resume
Founded by John Ventrella, and run by John Ventrella, Tony Ventrella and Angelo Ventrella. VBN Paving
Limited is a family run business that works in heavy civil focusing on asphalt and concrete for the GTA
region. Based in Richmond Hill, VBN Paving employs over seventy staff members and is dedicated to
becoming an industry leader in southern Ontario.
Organizational Chart
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WORKERS RIGHTS
1. Right to refuse unsafe work.
2. Right to participate in the workplace health and safety activities through the Health and Safety
Committee (HSC) or as a worker health and safety representative.
3. Right to know, or the right to be informed about, actual and potential dangers in the workplace
WORKER RESPONSIBILITIES
Workers have a general duty to take responsibility for personal health and safety, which means they
should not behave or operate equipment in a way that would endanger themselves or others. Section
28 of OHSA lists additional specific duties:
1. Work in compliance with the Act and regulations
2. Use any equipment, protective devices or clothing required by the employer
3. Tell the employer or supervisor about any known missing or defective equipment or protective
device that may be dangerous
4. Report any known workplace hazard or violation of the Act to the employer or supervisor
5. Not remove or make ineffective any protective device required by the employer or by the
regulations
VBN Paving Supplies the Following PPE to all Employees
• Hard Hats
• Fluorescent, Tear Away Vests
• Eye Protection
• Hearing Protection
VBN Paving PPE is stored at the head office. Workers are to ensure they have the correct PPE prior to
commencing work each day.
Hard Hats, Fluorescent Vests, and Safety Boots are required on all VBN Paving Sites. See VBN Paving’s
Mandatory PPE by Task Policy for job specific PPE requirements.
If this PPE happens to get ruined in the course of work, VBN Paving will replace it. If it is lost or ruined
due to negligence or personal use, the employee is expected to pay for its replacement. If your paid for
PPE gets ruined in the course of work, VBN Paving will supply your next PPE replacement.
If a worker is dissatisfied with the type of PPE provided by VBN Paving, they are permitted to buy their
own, provided it is of the same or higher standard than VBN Paving’s supplied PPE. Personal PPE
purchases must be validated by your supervisor prior to commencing work to verify compliance.
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WHMIS program and How to Obtain SDS’s
• VBN Paving has an annual WHMIS course that is given to all Employees
• The next Annual refresher will be in May of 2018
• If a new SDS sheet is needed, tell your supervisor. They will inform the H&S Manager, and it will
be Posted as soon as possible
• New workers receive WHMIS training upon hiring
• SDS are available:
On our online Job Site Safety Board (https://vbnsafety.ca/Job-Safety-Board)
First Aid Equipment, Fire Extinguishers, & Eyewash Stations
All First Aid Kits and Fire Extinguishers are Inspected Monthly. Any missing items or defects are to be
reported to the Health and Safety Manager on your Inspection Forms, or as noticed.
First Aid Kits and Eyewash Stations:
In Identified Site Vehicles
In VBN Paving Head Office
In VBN Paving Shop
Fire Extinguishers:
In all Identified Trucks and Equipment
At all exits in VBN Paving Head office
At all exits in VBN Paving Shop
VBN PAVING CERTIFIED FIRST AIDERS
Most Employees within the VBN Paving Crews are certified with First Aid and CPR
EMERGENCY PHONE AND CONTACT LIST
Steve Thorne Health & Safety Manager (647) 673-6264 [email protected]
Site Specific emergency contact numbers can be found online in the Job safety board, and at VBN Paving
head office
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JOINT HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEE AND WORKER REPRESENTITIVES
WORKER Health & Safety Representatives
Carlo Cordi
MANAGEMENT Health & Safety Representatives Steve Thorne, Health & Safety Manager
Secretary
Nancy Mazzucco
Worker JHSC Representatives
Crew 1 – Joe Santocono & Joe Ferreiro
Crew 2 – Carlo Cordi
Crew 3 – Pasquale Lomazzo
Worker Health & Safety Representatives
• Josh Furtado
• Jayson Felix
• Antonio Ventrella
Emergency and Non-Emergency Protoocol
IN THE EVENT OF A NON-EMERGENCY INJURY
1. Advise your supervisor
2. Fill out an injury report
3. Fill out a first aid report
4. Fill out first aid kit log form
5. Return to work or discuss rest of work duties with supervisor
IN THE EVENT OF AN EMERGENCY
1. When an emergency occurs immediately inform your supervisor.
• Assess the situation
• Determine what happened and what the emergency is
• See the “big picture”: what has happened to whom and what will happen if not
contained immediately
• Attempt to identify the immediate cause
• Determine best controls to use to eliminate immediate danger
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2. Take command and initiate EMS contact
a. Site Supervisor to advise the Health & Safety Manager and take command until the
Health & Safety Manager arrives
b. Call emergency services as required, generally “911”
c. Provide situation and requirements
d. Delegate tasks for controlling the situation, maintaining order and avoiding panic
3. Provide protection, eliminate further loss, safeguard the area
a. If possible, control the source causing the emergency
b. Protect victim(s), equipment, materials, environment from continuing damage or
further hazards
i. Divert traffic
ii. Fire suppression
iii. Stop/shut down equipment or utility
c. Preserve the scene as much as possible from this point on
4. Begin to provide first aid to those injured
a. Administer first aid, or assist those having started
5. Manage workers on site
a. Sound an air horn to notify workers of an emergency
b. Have all workers come to the “safe location” or command position
c. Organize remainder of workforce for headcount and task delegation
6. Make appropriate contacts
a. EMS, continue contact
b. Utilities
c. Management
Guide responding EMS
a. Appoint someone to wait for and guide EMS personnel
b. Provide details about the events and victim status
Follow-up & Debriefing
a. What occurred
b. Who did what
c. How individuals responded
d. What went right
e. Evaluate the process
f. What improvements are going to be made
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INCIDENT REPORTING PROCEDURES
1. Report the incident occurrence to the Site Supervisor
2. Provide first aid and medical care to the injured person(s) and prevent further injuries or
damage
3. Site Supervisor to immediately advise the Health & Safety Manager of the incident
occurrence
4. Site Supervisor or Senior Supervisor must complete the relevant Damage, Injury, or Vehicle
report.
5. Advise and involve the Joint Health & Safety Committee
6. Investigate the incident
a. Worker and witness interviews
b. Site/equipment/material inspection
c. Occurrence area imaging (photographs, sketches, drawings)
d. Material failure analysis
e. Re-enactments
f. Review of process
7. Identify the causes, investigating deeper until the root cause is found.
8. Complete the Incident Investigation Report
9. Report the findings of the investigation to Senior Management
10. Develop a plan for corrective action as quickly as possible
11. Implement the corrective action plan as quickly as possible
12. Note the corrective actions applied on the Incident Investigation Report
13. Evaluate the effectiveness of the corrective action plan
14. Note the effectiveness of the corrective action plan on the Incident Investigation Report
15. Make changes for continuous improvement
16. Include the details of the incident and the corrective actions taken in future safety meetings
and tool box talks
17. As little time, as possible should be lost between the moment of an accident and the
beginning of the investigation. In this way, one is most likely to be able to observe the
conditions as they were at the time, prevent disturbance of evidence, and identify
witnesses.
18. The tools that members of the investigating team may need (pencil, paper, camera, film,
camera flash, tape measure, etc.) should be immediately available so that no time is wasted.
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CRITICAL INJURIES AND SITE PRESERVATION
Ministry of Labour Reportable Incidents/Accidents
The following reporting requirements are only a summary of reporting requirements from the
Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA) and Regulations for Construction Projects (Reg. 213/91). For
a complete listing of the reporting requirements refer to the OHSA & Reg. 213/91.
Section 51 of the Occupational Health and Safety Act requires the Constructor and the Employer to
report “Critical Injuries” immediately.
“CRITICAL INJURY” (Regulation 834)
For the purposes of the Act and Regulations, “Critical Injury” means an injury of a serious nature that;
a) places life in jeopardy
b) produces unconsciousness
c) results in substantial amount of blood
d) involves the fracture of a leg, arm, hand or foot, but NOT a finger or toe
e) involves the amputation of a leg, arm, hand or foot, but NOT a finger or toe
f) consists of burns to a major portion of the body, or
g) causes loss of sight in an eye
Section 52 of the Occupational Health and Safety Act
Requires the Employer provide notice of accident, explosion, fire or incident of workplace violence,
which does not result in critical injury to the worker, however, disables the worker form performing
regular duties or requires medical attention. This also includes the onset of Occupational Illness.
Section 53 of the Occupational Health and Safety Act
Requires that the Constructor provides notice in writing in the event of an accident, premature or
unexpected explosion, fire, flood or inrush of water, failure of any equipment, machine device article or
thing, cave-in, subsidence or other incident as prescribed.
Prescribed reportable incidents--- Section 11, Reg. 213/91;
1. A worker falling a vertical distance of three meters or more
2. A worker who falls and whose fall is arrested by a fall arrest system
3. A worker becoming unconscious for any reason
4. Accidental contact by a worker or by a workers’ tool or equipment with a live electrical
conductor or live electrical equipment
5. Contact by a backhoe, shovel, crane or similar lifting device or its load with energized power line
rated at more than 750 volts
Page 11
6. Structural failure of all or part of falsework designed by, or required by the regulation to be
designed by a professional engineer
7. Structural failure of a principal supporting member, including a column, beam, wall or truss, of a
structure.
8. Failure of all or part of the structural supports of a scaffold
9. Structural failure of all or part of an earth or water retaining structure, including a failure of the
temporary or permanent supports for a shaft, tunnel, caisson, cofferdam or trench.
10. Overturning or the structural failure of all or part of a crane or similar hoisting device.
For a more concise listing, refer to the most current edition of the Occupational Health and Safety Act
and Regulation for Construction Projects.
Apart from what is necessary in the course of providing lifesaving first aid to an injured party, no
changes will be made to the scene of a critical injury or MOL reportable incident. Any attempt to make
changes to the scene after a critical injury occurs can result in the termination of an employee or
criminal charges.
Zero Tolerance Rules for our Drug and Alcohol Policy
1. The manufacture, distribution, dispensing, possession, sale, purchase, or use of a controlled
substance on company property is prohibited.
2. Being under the influence of alcohol or illegal drugs on company property is prohibited.
3. The unauthorized use or possession of prescription drugs or over-the-counter drugs on company
property is prohibited.
4. Alcoholism and other drug addictions are recognized as diseases responsive to proper
treatment, and this will be an option as long as the employee cooperates. Employee Assistance
Program (EAP) will be made available to assist employees.
5. Employees who violate this Policy are subject to appropriate disciplinary action including
termination.
6. The Policy applies to all employees of the company regardless of rank or position and includes
temporary and part-time employees.
Fit for Work Procedure
Introduction
VBN Paving Limited has a duty of care to ensure that all individuals are fit for work while they are on
company sites or undertaking activities on the company’s behalf. The Policy promotes fitness for work
and how to deal effectively and appropriately with individuals in relation to fitness for work issues.
The purpose of this Procedure is to provide and promote a safe working environment by ensuring all
employees are fit to perform their duties without putting themselves or others at risk by;
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Ensuring that an individual whose condition could place her / him "at risk" of causing a danger to self or
others does not return to work until the individual is fit to return to employment and is provided
optimum support and supervision to minimize future risks.
Identifying impaired individuals and providing assistance in obtaining care and /or rehabilitation for
impaired individuals
Ensuring impaired individuals are fit for employment upon return to work
Scope
This procedure applies to all workers of the Company and any person(s) working on or visiting the
operating site. The procedure covers any and all issues that may impact on fitness for work including,
but not limited to, fatigue, stress, physical wellbeing, medical issues, rehabilitation to work, drugs and
alcohol.
• Zero Tolerance rules with respect to our Harassment Policy
VBN PAVING and its senior management team recognizes that all workers have the right to work
in a violence and harassment free workplace. As such, VBN PAVING are committed to provide a
safe work environment and a work environment that free from all forms of violence and
harassment.
VBN Paving has a zero-tolerance policy for the following behaviors:
• Workplace Violence
• Uttering Threats
• Bullying
• Workplace Harassment
• Written Threats
• Stalking
• Assault
• Intimidation
• Horseplay
• Threats
• Destruction of Property
• Sexual Harassment
• Discrimination
Regardless of what is stated above, workers must understand that how an action or statement is meant
is not the issue, harassment depends on how it is perceived. If you are unsure if something will be
perceived as violence or harassment, DO NOT DO IT.
CRITICAL TASKS
Please refer to the Critical Task List under the Job Safety Board Header
https://vbnsafety.ca/Job-Safety-Board
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Basics of
Fire Extinguishers
Table of Contents
Course Objective ......................................................................................................................................... 15
Program Outline: ................................................................................................................................. 15
Course Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 16
Introduction to Fire Extinguisher’s ............................................................................................................. 16
Elements of a Fire ................................................................................................................................... 16
Classes of Fire & Extinguishers ................................................................................................................ 16
The Class ABC Extinguisher ..................................................................................................................... 17
When to use an Extinguisher .................................................................................................................. 17
Using the “PASS” Method to extinguish a fire ........................................................................................ 18
Fire Extinguisher Training for Employees ............................................................................................... 18
Extinguisher Inspection, Maintenance, and Storage .............................................................................. 19
Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 19
The Act ........................................................................................................................................................ 21
Fire Safety ............................................................................................................................................... 21
52 ........................................................................................................................................................ 21
53 ........................................................................................................................................................ 21
54. ....................................................................................................................................................... 21
55. ....................................................................................................................................................... 21
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Course Objective
The objective of VBN Pavings Introduction to
Fire Extinguishers course is educate the client
on the minimal requirements of fire Safety set
under the regulations of the Ontario
Occupational Health and Safety Act R.S.O. 1990,
c. O.1, O. Reg. 213/91: CONSTRUCTION
PROJECTS sections 52 to 55.
Program Outline:
- Introduction to Fire Extinguishers
- Elements of Fire
- The proper use and handling of Fire
Extinguishers
- Classes of Fire Extinguishers
- When to use an Extinguisher
- The PASS method to Extinguishing a
fire
- Extinguisher Inspection, Maintenance,
& Storage
- Fire Extinguisher Training for
Employees
- Summary of course and what we have
learned
- Ontario Occupational Health and
Safety Act R.S.O. 1990, c. O.1, O. Reg.
213/91: CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
sections 52 to 55
- Review Quiz
Page 16
Course Introduction
Workplace fires can happen at any
time. That’s why it’s important to
know what to do when a fire starts,
know when and how to fight it and
when not to. This program will
provide viewers with the basic
information they need to react safely
in a potentially dangerous situation.
Topics include classes of fire and
extinguishers, when to use an
extinguisher, using the PASS method
to put out a fire and extinguisher
inspection, maintenance and
storage.
Introduction to Fire
Extinguisher’s
Elements of a Fire
o To burn, fire needs
three things: Fuel,
Oxygen, and a Heat
Source.
o Combine those
things and you have
a fire, remove one
of them and the fire
will die.
o In essence, that’s
what a fire
extinguisher does;
it removes or
neutralizes the fuel,
the oxygen or the
heat source and
sometimes than
one. When that
happens, the fire
goes out
Classes of Fire & Extinguishers
There’s more than one kind of fire extinguisher
because there is more than one kind of fire, the
five basic classes of fire are A, B, C, D and K.
Class A fires involve ordinary combustible
materials like cloth, paper, and wood. These are
fires that can be put out with water using and
air-pressurized water extinguisher.
(Note: Class A Fires may create Ash)
Class B fires should never be put out with
water. They involve flammable liquids like
gasoline, alcohol, paints, thinners and so on.
Instead of putting them out, water only spreads
them and makes them more dangerous.
Class B fires need to be smothered using a
class BC or ABC extinguisher. These are multi-
purpose dry chemical extinguishers that also
leave a non-flammable substance on the
extinguished material, reducing the likelihood
of re-ignition.
(Note: Class B fires may bubble and boil)
Class C fires are electrical fires. They involve
energized electrical equipment; that is,
equipment still connected to a live source.
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When faced with an electrical fire, you must use
either a Class BC or ABC extinguisher. It is also
important to try and turn off the power at its
source if it can be safely accomplished.
(Note: Class C Fires may create current)
Class D fires involve combustible metals like
magnesium, titanium and potassium. These are
very dangerous fires that require a special kind
of extinguisher depending upon what type of
metal is involved.
There are two types of Class D extinguishers:
Type 1 uses Sodium Chloride and is effective at
controlling magnesium, sodium, potassium and
powdered aluminium metal fires. Type 2
extinguishers use a copper-based dry powder
designed to smother the fire and displace heat.
(Note: Class D Fires may require a smothering
agent like dirt)
Class K fires are Kitchen fires that involve
vegetable oils, animal oils, or fats in cooking
appliances. They occur in commercial kitchens,
the kind you find in restaurants, cafeterias and
caterers.
Class K extinguishers use a potassium acetate
agent discharged in a fine mist to avoid
spreading a grease fire or to help cool the
appliance after the fire is out.
(Note: Class K fires usually happen in a kitchen)
The Class ABC Extinguisher
The most common type of extinguisher, and the
one you are most likely to see in your
workplace, is the multi-purpose ABC
extinguisher, which is effective on Class A, B,
and C fires.
Always remember that before you use and
extinguisher, make sure it’s intended for the
type of fire you need to put out. As mentioned
before, using a Class A water extinguisher on a
Class B Fire will only spread the flammable
liquid and make the fire much more dangerous.
The ABC fire extinguisher sprays a dry chemical
powder that smothers the fire. It also leaves
behind a huge mess, but when you must choose
between a fire and a mess, choose the mess.
When to use an Extinguisher
This is very important to remember:
extinguishers should only be used to put out
small fires, these are also called incipient stage
fires.
An incipient stage fire is one that’s just getting
started, that is still small and contained. An
extinguisher will effectively put out a fire this
size. That’s what it is designed to do. That’s all
it’s designed to do.
An extinguisher can’t begin to handle a larger
fire, and you only put yourself in danger if you
try to fight a fire like this with an extinguisher.
What ever the size of the fire, you should
always follow the site-specific protocol in the
event of a fire. If there is no specific protocol,
immediacy call 911 before trying to put the fire
out. Small fires can quickly turn into large fires,
and seconds count to a firefighter.
Remember that lives are always more
important then property; don’t take chances. If
you’re not sure you can extinguish a fire safely,
leave the area and close the door behind you to
keep the fire from spreading.
Fully understand that smoke from any type of
fire kills more people than the actual fire. If
smoke is present, it’s best not to try and use
and extinguisher, the fumes and gases of smoke
are very toxic and can kill.
If you do fight the fire with an extinguisher,
always keep your back to an available escape
route. You don’t want to get trapped in the
room by the fire.
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Using the “PASS” Method to extinguish a
fire
Remember the word “PASS”, This is a shortcut
to remind you how to use the extinguisher: Pull
the pin; Aim the nozzle; Squeeze the handle;
and Sweep from side to side.
Remove the extinguisher from its mount and
take it to the fire. Pull the Pin, then aim the
extinguisher nozzle towards the base of the fire,
standing six to ten feet from the fire. Then
squeeze the handle.
If you stand to close to the fire and squeeze the
handle, the force of the pressurized gas and
extinguishing agent could actually spread the
flames.
Activate the extinguisher well before you reach
the fire. Move in slowly, making sure not to
spread the fire.
After the fire is out, check to make sure it’s
really out. That’s another reason for calling the
fire department.
If you are successful in putting out the fire, the
professionals can double check to make sure it’s
fully extinguished. They don’t mind arriving to
find out that you already extinguished the fire,
but they get real upset if you don’t call them
until the fire gets out of hand.
Fire Extinguisher Training for Employees
Your company may coordinate training with the
local fire department or bring in a vendor to
conduct hands on training.
Don’t be afraid to let your supervisor know
you’ve never used an extinguisher. Most people
haven’t and putting out a fire with an
extinguisher does require a little training and
practice.
For example, extinguishers are pressurized. The
force of the expelled gas can be strong, so hang
on to the extinguisher if your going to pull the
pin and squeeze the handle.
Also, if you’ve never had, you can’t put out a
fire with an extinguisher that’s empty. That’s
why regular maintenance is so important.
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Extinguisher Inspection, Maintenance,
and Storage
Extinguisher inspections and maintenance
should be a major part of your facility’s fire
prevention policy.
Check them at least once per month to make
sure they’re in good shape; look them over
weekly if they’re outdoors.
When your examining the extinguisher, make
sure the pressure gauge shows that it’s fully
charged. The locking pin and plastic tamper seal
are in place, the hose and horn are
unobstructed and in good shape and the metal
parts are free of corrosion.
Never test an extinguisher to see if it is working.
Once the valve has been opened, the
extinguisher will lose pressure and may empty
completely within a few days.
This
means that any time an extinguisher is used,
even for a moment, it must be completely
serviced and recharged. If this does not happen,
it may be useless when you need it.
After an extinguisher has been inspected and
serviced, the servicing company will issue a
service tag that’s good for one year. During your
monthly inspections, check to make sure it’s
current; if it’s over a year old, the extinguisher
needs to be serviced immediately.
Every six years an extinguisher is required to be
hydrostatically tested. This is usually performed
by your servicing company and should be
regularly checked during inspection under the
Hydrostatic Test Record on the inspection tag.
A Fire extinguisher is no good at all if you can’t
find it when you need it. Never store an
extinguisher on the floor, in a closet or behind
furniture, plants of decorations.
Extinguishers should be mounted on hangers or
in marked fire extinguisher cabinets where they
can be clearly seen.
When a fire starts, there’s not time to search for
an extinguisher that works. They must be within
easy reach and ready to go.
Summary
Fire Extinguishers can save property and lives,
so you need to know how to use them.
Know what classes of fire might occur at your
facility and which extinguishers you can use to
fight them.
Page 20
Make sure that extinguishers are mounted in
plain sight, checked regularly and inspected
annually.
Follow site specific fire protocol, sound the
alarm, and call 911 before trying to tackle a
blaze. Always keep your back to an escape route
and get out if the situation becomes to
dangerous.
Remember the PASS method: Pull the Pin; aim
the nozzle; squeeze the trigger; sweep from
side to side.
Talk to your local Fire Department about getting
hands on experience with extinguishers.
Fires can start anywhere, at any time, but with
the proper training and with the right
extinguisher, you may be able to extinguish a
small fire before it gets out of control.
The Act
Ontario Occupational Health and Safety Act R.S.O. 1990, c. O.1, O. Reg. 213/91: CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
sections 52 to 55
Fire Safety
52. (1) Fire extinguishing equipment shall be provided at readily accessible and adequately marked locations
at a project. O. Reg. 213/91, s. 52 (1).
(1.1) Every worker who may be required to use fire extinguishing equipment shall be trained in its use. O. Reg.
145/00, s. 16.
(2) Without limiting subsection (1), at least one fire extinguisher shall be provided,
(a) where flammable liquids or combustible materials are stored, handled or used;
(b) where oil-fired or gas-fired equipment, other than permanent furnace equipment in a building, is used;
(c) where welding or open-flame operations are carried on; and
(d) on each storey of an enclosed building being constructed or altered. O. Reg. 213/91, s. 52 (2).
(3) At least one fire extinguisher shall be provided in a workshop for each 300 or fewer square metres of floor
area. O. Reg. 213/91, s. 52 (3).
(4) Clause (2) (d) and subsection (3) do not apply to a building,
(a) that is to be used as a detached or semi-detached single-family dwelling;
(b) that has two storeys or less and is to be used as a multiple family dwelling; or
(c) that has one storey with no basement or cellar. O. Reg. 213/91, s. 52 (4).
53. (1) Fire extinguishing equipment shall be of a suitable type and size to permit the evacuation of workers
during a fire. O. Reg. 213/91, s. 53 (1).
(2) Every fire extinguisher,
(a) shall be a type whose contents are discharged under pressure; and
(b) shall have an Underwriters’ Laboratories of Canada rating of at least 4A40BC. O. Reg. 213/91, s. 53 (2); O.
Reg. 345/15, s. 10.
54. (1) Fire extinguishing equipment shall be protected from physical damage and from freezing. O. Reg.
213/91, s. 54 (1).
(2) After a fire extinguisher is used, it shall be refilled or replaced immediately. O. Reg. 213/91, s. 54 (2).
55. Every fire extinguisher shall be inspected for defects or deterioration at least once a month by a
competent worker who shall record the date of the inspection on a tag attached to it. O. Reg. 213/91, s. 55.
Guidelines for training
TRAFFIC CONTROL
PERSONS
Guidelines for Training
Traffic Control Persons
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
TRAINING
QUALIFICATIONS
STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
EQUIPMENT
PREPARATION
DOING THE JOB
SUMMARY
APPENDIX
Sections 67 – 69 and 104 – 106 of the Construction Regulation (O. Reg.213/91)
2
INTRODUCTION This manual is intended to assist personnel who
train workers to act as traffic control persons
(TCPs). A trainer must explain all the points
covered in this manual to workers before they
perform traffic control duties.
The information in this manual should be
considered generic – it contains the minimum
elements required for training a TCP. Trainers
must expand on this information to include any
relevant company policies and procedures. If
possible, trainers must add site-specific
information or any other information that will
improve the health and safety of the worker while
he or she performs traffic control duties.
OBJECTIVES Traffic control is intended
1) to protect construction crews and the motoring
public by regulating traffic flow
2) to stop traffic whenever required by the
progress of work — otherwise to keep traffic
moving at reduced speeds to avoid tie-ups and
delays
3) to allow construction to proceed safely and
efficiently
4) to ensure that public traffic has priority over
construction equipment.
TRAINING Regulations require that TCPs be given written and
verbal instructions. This manual is meant to help
you meet that requirement. The Infrastructure
Health & Safety Association (IHSA) recommends
two other resources:
• Handbook for Construction Traffic Control
Persons
The handbook should be given to and kept by
each person receiving training. Refer to it
throughout training to familiarize the worker
with the information it contains.
• the training video Traffic Protection,
available from the Public Services Health &
Safety Association.
QUALIFICATIONS Traffic control persons are more frequently in
contact with the public than other construction
workers. In addition to training, they should have
• sound health, good vision and hearing, mental
and physical alertness
• mature judgment and a pleasant manner
• a good eye for speed and distance to gauge
oncoming traffic
• preferably a driver’s licence
• the ability to give motorists simple directions,
explain hazards, and answer questions
• liking, understanding, and respect for the
responsibilities of the job.
STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS Requirements for traffic control, including an in-
depth a traffic control person, are spelled out in
the Manual, Book 7: Temporary Conditions
Ontario Traffic description of the requirements,
procedures, and duties of.
This manual has been updated to reflect the
changes in the January 2014 edition of Book 7. The
information applies to traffic control by any
persons or agencies performing construction,
3
maintenance or utility work on roadways in
Ontario.
Occupational Health and Safety Act makes it
mandatory The construction regulation (O. Reg.
213/91) under the that traffic control persons be
protected from hazards.
The regulation, under the sections pertaining to
traffic control, contains
• the requirement that the employer write and
implement a traffic protection plan for
workers on a project if any of them may face
hazards from vehicular traffic
• the specifications for the STOP/ SLOW sign
that must be used by any worker performing
the duties of a traffic control person
• the specific road and traffic configurations
which make it safe to use a traffic control
person
• the requirement that a worker must not direct
vehicular traffic for more than one lane in the
same direction
• the requirement that the employer ensure
that only a competent worker performs the
duties of a traffic control person. A competent
worker is someone who is qualified to
perform the work because of knowledge,
Occupational Health and Safety Act and
with the training, and experience; is familiar
with the
regulations that apply to the work; and has
knowledge of all potential or actual danger to
health or safety in the work.
• the requirement that the traffic control
person is in no way distracted or otherwise
impeded from performing duties in a safe
manner
• the requirement that each traffic control
person receive adequate oral and written
instruction from the employer in a language
that the worker understands prior to the
worker performing the duties of a traffic
control person
• the specifications for the protective clothing
all workers must wear while performing the
duties of a traffic control person.
These requirements are spelled out in the
Appendix to this manual.
The Highway Traffic Act and Regulations
specify the maximum rate of speed in
construction zones.
EQUIPMENT It is the supervisor’s responsibility to ensure that
traffic control persons wear proper protective
equipment at all times and use the traffic control
devices required by law.
It is the worker’s responsibility to wear properly
– at all times – all personal protective equipment
which the supervisor instructs him or her to
wear. The worker is responsible for maintaining
the equipment in good condition.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Ensure that traffic control persons clearly
understand the requirements regarding the PPE
they must wear, including the following:
• Hard hat meeting the Canadian Standards
Association (CSA) standard Z94.1 Class E Type I
or II
• Safety boots, CSA certified, Grade 1 (green
triangular CSA patch outside, green rectangular
label inside)
• Garment, usually a vest, covering the upper body and requirements of CSA standard Z96 Apparel High-Visibility Safety having a tag saying that the garment complies with the for a Class 2 garment having level 1, 2, or FR retroreflective tape.
4
Remind traffic control persons that they should
dress right for the job:
• hot days – hard hat, safety boots, shirt, and full-
length pants are recommended; sunscreen
should be worn and insect repellent may also be
required in some locations
• cold days – warm layered clothing, especially
gloves, boots, and hard hats with winter liners
• wet days – highly visible rainwear.
Performing duties after dark When the job requires TCPs to direct traffic after
dark, Section 69.1(4) of the construction
regulation requires that they wear retro-reflective
silver stripes encircling each arm and leg, or
equivalent side visibility-enhancing stripes with a
minimum area of 50 cm2 per side.
In addition, it is recommended that the TCP
• wear a hard hat with reflective tape
• use a flashlight with a red cone attachment
• place flashing amber lights ahead of his or her
post
• stand in a lighted area – under temporary or
street lighting, or illuminated by light from a
parked vehicle (stand fully in the light without
creating a silhouette).
STOP/SLOW sign (hand-held) A sign used to direct traffic must be
• octagonal in shape, 450 mm wide, and mounted
on a pole 1.2 m long
• made of material with at least the rigidity of
plywood 6 mm thick
• high-intensity retro-reflective red on one side,
with STOP printed in high-intensity retro-
reflective white 150 mm high
• on the other side, high-intensity retro-
reflective micro-prismatic fluorescent
chartreuse, with a black diamond-shaped
border at least 317 mm x 317 mm, with SLOW
printed in black 120 mm high.
PREPARATION Before they start work, ensure that each TCP can
demonstrate understanding of
1) the type of construction they will be involved
with – paving, installing pipe, grading, cut and
fill, etc.
2) the type of equipment to be used – scrapers,
trucks, compactors, graders, etc.
3) how the equipment will be operating – crossing
road, along the shoulder, in culverts, backing up,
etc.
4) how to direct construction and public traffic
(emphasize that public traffic has priority over
construction equipment)
5) the requirement that they protect workers
setting up components of the traffic control
system such as signs, delineators, cones and
barriers
6) any special conditions of the contract governing
road use (many contracts forbid work during
urban rush hours)
7) how public traffic will flow – for example, along
a two-lane highway, around curves or hills, by
detour or on a road narrowed to a single lane
(this last is a very common situation and
5
requires two traffic control persons to ensure
that vehicles do not move in opposing
directions at the same time; in some cases,
where the two cannot see one another, a third
is necessary to keep both in view and relay
instructions).
DOING THE JOB
General Clearly explain to each TCP what they should
check each day:
• that the STOP/SLOW sign is clean, undamaged,
and meets height and size requirements
• that the TRAFFIC CONTROL PERSON
AHEAD sign accordance with the Temporary
Conditions, Ontario Traffic Manual, Book 7:
has been set up properly at an appropriate
distance in to afford motorists adequate
warning
• that when performing traffic control duties on a
mobile operation, the TRAFFIC CONTROL
PERSON AHEAD sign is kept the proper distance
from the traffic control person and not left
behind as the operation moves
• that meal, coffee, and toilet breaks are
arranged with the supervisor.
Instruct the traffic control person about the
following:
• where to stand
• location or position
• how to signal
• communications
• problems.
Where to stand Ensure that each TCP understands the following
points.
1) Stand the correct distance from the work area.
Refer to TCP Table on page 5.
2) Adjust distances to suit road, weather, and
speed conditions. Remember these points:
TCP Ahead Sign
6
• Traffic must have room to react to your
directions to stop (a vehicle can take at least
twice the stopping distance on wet or icy
roads).
• Stand where you can see and be seen by
approaching traffic for at least 150 metres
(500 feet).
• Avoid the danger of being backed over or hit
by construction equipment being used on
site.
3) Stand outside the travelled portion of the
roadway and always face oncoming traffic.
4) Once you’ve stopped the first vehicle, you need
to change position. See point 5 in “How to
signal,” page 7. 5) Be alert at all times. Be aware
Traffic Control Person Placement (TCP TABLE)
Normal Regulatory Posted Speed
60 km/h or lower, one lane or reduced to one lane
70 km/h to 90 km/h, one lane or reduced to one lane
Traffic Volume Low High Low High
Distance of TCP from
First Cone of Transition Taper
5 – 10 m 10 – 15 m 15 – 25 m 20 – 30 m
Table taken from
Ontario Traffic
Manual, Book 7: Temporary Conditions, 2014 ed.
Typical Arrangement on a Two-Lane Roadway
7
of construction traffic around you and
especially oncoming traffic on the roadway.
6) Stand alone. Don’t allow a group to gather
around you.
7) Stand at your post. Sitting is hazardous because
your ability to see is reduced and the ability of a
motorist to see you is reduced.
8) Once you have been assigned a position by your
supervisor, look over the area for methods of
escape – a place to get to in order to avoid being
injured by a vehicle heading your way, if for
some reason the driver has disregarded your
signals. If this should happen, protect yourself by
moving out of the path of the vehicle and then
warn the crew.
Location and position One consideration in selecting the position of the TCP is to maintain colour contrast between the TCP
and background. TCPs must be clearly visible to the approaching motorist at all times.
Note: On curves and hills, three TCPs or some other means of communication are required. The duty
of TCP #2 is to relay signals between TCP #1 and TCP #3.
8
How to signal Give a brief demonstration and emphasize the
following points.
11) Use the STOP/SLOW sign and your arms as
shown in the illustrations below.
12) Hold your sign firmly in full view of oncoming
traffic.
Give the motorist plenty of warning. Don’t
show the STOP sign when the motorist is too
close. The average stopping distance for a
vehicle travelling at 50 kilometres per hour
(30 miles per hour) is 45 metres (150 feet).
Higher speeds require more stopping
distance.
13) When showing the SLOW sign, avoid bringing
traffic to a complete halt. When motorists
have slowed down, signal them to keep
moving slowly.
14) When showing the STOP sign, use firm hand
signals and indicate where you want traffic to
stop. After the first few vehicles stop,
• move to a point on the road where traffic
in the queue can see you
• make sure you stay in the lane of the
roadway in which you are controlling traffic
• stay a safe distance away from the dividing
line between your lane and the adjacent
lane (never encroach on the adjacent lane
– traffic is coming from the opposite
direction, you can’t see it coming, and you
may not be able to hear it either).
15) Before moving traffic from a stopped
position, make sure the opposing traffic has
9
stopped and that the last opposing vehicle
has passed your post. Then turn your sign and
step back on the shoulder of the road.
16) Stay alert, keep your eyes on approaching
traffic, make your hand signals crisp and
positive.
17) Coordinate your effort with nearby traffic
signals to avoid unnecessary delays, tie-ups,
and confusion.
18) Do not use red flags to control traffic.
10) In some situations, two-way traffic may be
allowed through the work zone at reduced
speed, with a TCP assigned to each direction.
Since motorists can be confused or misled by
seeing the STOP side of the sign used in the
opposite lane, the signs must be modified. The
STOP side must be covered to conceal its
command. This should prevent drivers from
stopping unexpectedly.
Communication Review the following pointers with the TCP.
1) Don’t be distracted by talking to fellow workers
or passing pedestrians. If you must talk to
motorists, stay at your post and keep the
conversation brief.
2) When using two-way radios to communicate
with another TCP, take the following
precautions:
• Establish clear voice signals for each situation
and stick to them.
• Be crisp and positive in your speech. If you do
not understand the message, have it
repeated.
• Test the units before starting your shift and
carry spare batteries.
• Avoid unnecessary chit-chat.
• Don’t use two-way radios in blasting zones.
3) When two TCPs are working together, they
should always be able to see each other in order
to coordinate the STOP/ SLOW sign. Signals
between two TCPs should be understood, i.e., if
a TCP changes the sign from STOP to SLOW or
vice versa he/she must inform the other TCP by
signalling with the sign in an up and down or
sideways motion. This will ensure that TCPs
coordinate their activities accordingly. Two-way
radios are the best method for proper
communication.
4) When two TCPs are not in sight of each other,
station a third who can keep both in view. (See
the illustrations titled “Curve” and “Hill” on page
6.)
Problems TCPs have an important job to do on construction
projects. However, they are not law enforcement
officers. If problems arise, tell them to follow
these steps:
1) Report motorists who are endangering the
safety of the public or construction workers to
the supervisor.
2) Keep a pad and pencil to jot down violators’
licence numbers.
3) Ask the supervisor for assistance from police in
difficult or unusual traffic situations.
4) Never restrain a motorist forcibly or take out
anger on any vehicle.
5) Always be alert to the needs of emergency
vehicles. Ambulances, police, and fire vehicles
have priority over other traffic.
SUMMARY Remind the TCP of the following points.
10
Always face traffic.
Plan an escape route.
Wear personal protective clothing.
Maintain proper communication
with other TCPs.
Stay alert at all times.
Be courteous.
The Construction Projects Occupational Health
and Safety Act and Regulations
makes it mandatory that traffic control persons
be protected from hazards. This includes not only
personal protective clothing and equipment but
also measures and devices to guard against the
dangers of vehicular traffic. Safety should receive
prime consideration enforces regulations under
the Safety Act. Occupational Health and in
planning for traffic control. The Ministry of
Labour
Traffic control is a demanding job, often a
thankless job, but always an important job. How
well TCPs succeed will depend largely on their
attitude.
Site-specific training This manual is a valuable resource for training
traffic control persons, but it does not cover
everything. In addition to the information
outlined in this manual, the employer must
provide site-specific training to workers. The
employer must ensure that workers are aware
of the specific hazards they will encounter on
the jobsite and how to control them.
Written policy By law, every employer must develop and
implement a written traffic protection plan if
any of the employer’s workers on a project are
exposed to hazards from vehicular traffic. The
plan must specify the hazards and the
protective measures to be followed. The plan
must be kept at the project and be made
available to an inspector or worker on request.
For this and other traffic control requirements,
see sections 67–69 and 104–106 of the
construction regulation (O. Reg. 213/91).
These sections are reprinted in the appendix to
this manual.
APPENDIX Sections 67 – 69 and 104 – 106
of the Construction Regulation
(O. Reg. 213/91)
Sections 67–69
67. (1) In this section,
"barricade" means a device that provides a visual
indicator of the path a motorist is supposed to
take; "barrier" means a device that provides a
physical limitation through which a vehicle would
not normally pass, and
includes a concrete barrier;
"mobile operation" means work, including a
paving operation, that is done on a highway or the
shoulder of a highway and moves along at speeds
of less than 30 kilometres per hour. O. Reg.
145/00, s. 21.
(2) If a worker at a project on a highway may
be endangered by vehicular traffic unrelated to
the project, the project shall make use of as many
of the following measures as is necessary to
adequately protect the worker:
1. Barriers.
2. Barricades.
3. Delineators.
4. Lane control devices.
5. Warning signs.
6. Flashing lights.
7. Flares.
8. Traffic control devices.
9. Blocker trucks.
10. Crash trucks.
11. Sign trucks.
12. Speed control devices.
13. Longitudinal buffer areas. O. Reg. 145/00, s.
21.
(3) In addition to the measures listed in
subsection(2) but subject to section 68, a worker
may be used to direct traffic. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 21.
(4) Every employer shall develop in
writing and implement a traffic protection plan for
the employers’ workers at a project if any of them
may be exposed to a hazard from vehicular traffic.
O. Reg. 145/00, s. 21.
(5) The traffic protection plan,
(a) shall specify the vehicular
traffic hazards and the measures
described in subsection (2) to be used to
protect workers; and
(b) shall be kept at the project
and made available to an inspector or a
worker on request. O. Reg. 145/00, s.
21.
(6) A worker who is required to set up or
remove measures described in subsection (2) on a
roadway or a shoulder of a roadway,
(a) shall be a competent
worker;
(b) shall not perform any other
work while setting up or removing the
measures; and
(c) shall be given adequate
written and oral instructions, in a
language that he or she understands,
with respect to setting up or removing
the measures. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 21.
(7) Subject to subsection (8), adequate
barriers shall be installed to protect workers at a
project from vehicular traffic if the project,
(a) is on a freeway;
(b) is not a mobile operation;
and
(c) is expected to require more
than five days to complete. O. Reg. 145/00,
s. 21.
(8) Until January 1, 2003, if a project to which
subsection (7) would otherwise apply is expected to
require five days or less to complete, or if it is not
practical to install barriers as that subsection
requires, the following measures shall be taken to
protect workers at the project:
1. An adequate longitudinal
buffer area shall be provided if
physically possible.
2. If information about the
annual average daily travel rate of
vehicular traffic on the freeway is
available and the rate is less than
25,000, blocker trucks shall be
adequately positioned between
vehicular traffic and workers.
3. If the annual average daily
travel rate of vehicular traffic on the
freeway is 25,000 or more or if
information about the rate is
unavailable, crash trucks shall be
adequately positioned between
vehicular traffic and workers. O. Reg.
145/00, s. 21.
(9) If subsection (8) applies and
information about the annual average daily
travel rate of vehicular traffic on the freeway
is available, a record of the rate shall be
maintained at the project and be made
available to an inspector upon request. O.
Reg. 145/00, s. 21.
(10) On and after January 1,
2003, if it is not practical to install barriers as
subsection (7) requires, or if the project is
expected to require five days or less to
complete, crash trucks shall be adequately
positioned to protect workers. O. Reg.
145/00, s. 21.
(11) If work on a shoulder of a
freeway is expected to take less than 30
minutes to complete, a vehicle with four-
way flashers and a 360-degree beacon light
shall be provided. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 21.
(12) The following measures
shall be taken to protect a worker at a
project if the project is on a freeway and
involves a mobile operation:
1. Until January 1, 2003, an
adequate number of blocker trucks shall
be adequately positioned between
vehicular traffic and the worker.
2. On and after January 1,
2003, an adequate number of crash
trucks shall be adequately positioned
between vehicular traffic and the
worker.
3. If the operation involves
intermittent stops averaging 30 minutes
or less, an adequate number of
barricades or delineators shall be
adequately positioned between
vehicular traffic and the worker.
4. If the operation involves
intermittent stops averaging more than
30 minutes,
i. an adequate
longitudinal buffer area shall
be provided if physically possible,
ii. the lane on which
work is being done shall be
adequately identified with lane
closure signs and a lane closure
taper, and
iii. an adequate
number of barricades or delineators
shall be adequately positioned
between vehicular traffic and the
work area. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 21.
68. The following requirements apply with respect
to a sign used by a worker to direct vehicular
traffic:
1. It shall be octagonal in shape,
measure 450 millimetres between opposite
sides, and be mounted on a pole that is 1.2
metres long.
2. It shall be made of material with at
least the rigidity of plywood that is six
millimetres thick.
3. On one side it shall be high-intensity
retroreflective grade red in colour, with the
word "STOP" written in legible high-intensity
retro-reflective grade white letters 150
millimetres high in a central position on the
sign.
4. On the other side it shall be high
retro-reflective micro-prismatic fluorescent
chartreuse in colour, with a black diamond-
shaped border that is at least 317 milli
metres by 317 millimetres, and with the
word "SLOW" written in legible black letters
120 millimetres high in a central position on
the sign.
5. It shall be maintained in a clean and
legible condition. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 22.
69. (1) This section applies with respect to directing
vehicular traffic that may be a hazard to
workers on a public way. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 23.
(2) A worker shall not direct vehicular
traffic for more than one lane in the same
direction. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 23.
(3) A worker shall not direct vehicular
traffic if the normal posted speed limit of the
public way is more than 90 kilometres per
hour. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 23.
(4) A worker who is required to direct
vehicular traffic,
(5) (a) shall be a competent worker;
a) shall not perform any other
work while directing
vehicular traffic;
(b) shall be positioned in such
a way that he or she is endangered as
little as possible by vehicular traffic;
and
(c) shall be given adequate
written and oral instructions, in a
language that he or she understands,
with respect to directing vehicular
traffic, and those instructions shall
include a description of the signals that
are to be used. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 23.
(5) The written instructions referred to in
clause (4)(d) shall be kept at the project. O. Reg.
145/00, s. 23.
69.1 (1) A worker who may be endangered by
vehicular traffic shall wear a garment that covers
at least his or her upper body and has the
following features:
1. The garment shall be
fluorescent blaze or international
orange in colour.
2. On the front and the back,
there shall be two yellow stripes that
are 5 centimetres wide. The yellow area
shall total at least 500 square
centimetres on the front and at least
570 square centimetres on the back.
3. On the front, the stripes
shall be arranged vertically and centred
and shall be approximately 225
millimetres apart, measured from the
centre of each stripe. On the back, they
shall be arranged in a diagonal "X"
pattern.
4. The stripes shall be retro-
reflective and fluorescent. O. Reg.
145/00, s. 23.
(2) If the garment is a vest, it shall have
adjustable fit. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 23.
(3) On and after January 1, 2001, a
nylon vest to which this section applies shall also
have a side and front tear-away feature. O. Reg.
145/00, s. 23.
(4) In addition, a worker who may be
endangered by vehicular traffic during night-time
hours shall wear retro-reflective silver stripes
encircling each arm and leg, or equivalent side
visibility-enhancing stripes with a minimum area of
50 square centimetres per side. O. Reg. 145/00, s.
23.
Sections 104-106 104. (1) Every project shall be planned and
organized so that vehicles, machines and
equipment are not operated in reverse or are
operated in reverse as little as possible. O. Reg.
145/00, s. 27.
(2) Vehicles, machines and
equipment at a project shall not be
operated in reverse unless there is no
practical alternative to doing so. O. Reg.
145/00, s. 27.
(3) Operators of vehicles,
machines and equipment shall be assisted
by signallers if either of the following
applies:
1. The operator's view of the intended
path of travel is obstructed.
2. A person could be endangered by
the vehicle, machine or equipment or by
its load. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 27.
(4) Subsection (3) also applies to
shovels, backhoes and similar excavating
machines and to cranes and similar hoisting
devices. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 27.
(5) The operator and the signaller shall,
(a) jointly establish the procedures by
which the signaller assists the
operator; and
(b) follow those procedures. O. Reg.
145/00, s. 27.
(6) If subsection (3) applies to the project
and it is not possible to carry out the project
without some operation of vehicles and
equipment in reverse, signs shall be posted at the
project in conspicuous places warning workers of
the danger. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 27.
105. A dump truck shall be equipped with an
automatic audible alarm that signals when the
truck is being operated in reverse. O. Reg. 145/00,
s. 27.
106. (1) A signaller shall be a competent worker
and shall not perform other work while acting as a
signaller. O. Reg. 213/91, s. 106 (1).
(1.1) The signaller shall wear a garment that
covers at least his or her upper body and has the
following features:
1. The garment shall be fluorescent
blaze or international orange in colour.
2. On the front and the back, there
shall be two yellow stripes that are 5
centimetres wide. The yellow area shall
total at least 500 square centimetres on the
front and at least 570 square centimetres
on the back.
3. On the front, the stripes shall be
arranged vertically and centred and shall be
approximately 225 millimetres apart,
measured from the centre of each stripe.
On the back, they shall be arranged in a
diagonal "X" pattern.
4. The stripes shall be retro-reflective
and fluorescent. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 28.
(1.2) If the garment is a vest, it
shall have adjustable fit. O. Reg. 145/00, s.
28.
(1.3) On and after January 1,
2001, a nylon vest to which this section
applies shall also have a side and front tear-
away feature. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 28.
(1.4) In addition, a signaller who
may be endangered during night-time hours
shall wear retro-reflective silver stripes
encircling each arm and leg, or equivalent
side visibility-enhancing stripes with a
minimum area of 50 square centimetres per
side. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 28.
(1.5) The employer shall,
(a) ensure that the signaller has
received adequate oral training in his or her
duties and has received adequate oral and
written instructions in a language that he or
she understands; and
(b) keep the written instructions at the
project. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 28.
(2) A signaller,
(a) shall be clear of the intended path of
travel of the vehicle, machine or
equipment, crane or similar hoisting device,
shovel, backhoe or similar excavating
machine or its load;
(b) shall be in full view of the operator
of the vehicle, machine or equipment, crane
or similar hoisting device, shovel, backhoe
or similar excavating machine;
(c) shall have a clear view of the
intended path of travel of the vehicle,
machine or equipment, crane or similar
hoisting device, shovel, backhoe or similar
excavating machine or its load; and
(d) shall watch the part of the vehicle,
machine or equipment or crane or similar
hoisting device, shovel, backhoe or similar
excavating machine or its load whose path
of travel the operator cannot see. O. Reg.
213/91, s. 106 (2).
(3) The signaller shall communicate with the
operator by means of a telecommunication system
or, where visual signals are clearly visible to the
operator, by means of prearranged visual signals. O.
Reg. 213/91, s. 106 (3).
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