Vascular Seed PlantsI. Characteristics

A. Vascular tissue1. Provide support2. carry water and other nutrients3. Two Types

a. Phloem - transports food made in leavesb. Xylem – transports water and minerals

from roots

B. Use Pollen and Seeds to Reproduce1. Pollen – tiny structures that become sperm

cells (don’t need water)2. Seeds – fertilized eggs that contain a young

plant in a protective covering

II. Types of Seed PlantsA. Gymnosperms

1. Seed plants that produce “naked’ seeds – NO FRUIT

2. Have cones

B. Angiosperms1. Seed plants that produce seeds that are

enclosed in fruit (covered seeds)2. Have flowers

III. Seeds to plantsA. Inside seeds are partially developed plants. If

seeds land where conditions are good, the plant sprouts and the seed starts to grow.

B. Seed Dispersal1. Other organisms

a. Fruit gets eaten by animals

b. Barbs and thistles stick to animal’s coat

2. Water

a. Oceans, lakes, rivers move seeds from one area to another

3. Wind

a. Lightweight seeds are carried to new locations

4. Tossing

a. Some plants eject their seeds in a forceful way to scatter them in many directions

Vascular Seed Plants Review1. What are the 2 functions of

vascular tissue?2. What are the 2 types of vascular

tissue?3. What are the functions of the 2

types of vascular tissue?4. What are the two characteristics

of angiosperms?5. What are the two characteristics

of gymnosperms?

1. Provide support

carry water and other nutrients2. Phloem, Xylem3. Phloem - transports food made in

leaves Xylem – transports water and minerals

from roots4. Seed plants that produce seeds that are

enclosed in fruit (covered seeds)Have flowers

5. Seed plants that produce “naked’ seeds – NO FRUITHave cones

IV. RootsA. anchor a plant in the groundB. absorb nutrients and water from the

soilC. sometimes store food

V. StemsA. The stem carries substances between

the plant’s roots and leaves.B. Provides support for the plant and

holds up the leaves so they are exposed to the sun.

Roots & Stems Review: (On Heading 3)No Notes!!1) List the three functions of roots.

2) List the 2 functions of stems.

Answers:

1) Anchor the plant into the ground.

Absorb water and nutrients from the soil.

Store food.

2) Transport materials between roots and leaves.

Provide support for the leaves so they are exposed to the sun.

VI. LeavesA. Capture sunlight and perform

photosynthesisB. Structure

1. cuticle – top layer of leaf that prevents water loss

2. surface cells – contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis

3. lower leaf – contains veins which are made of phloem and xylem

4. stomata – tiny pores that allow in carbon dioxide and let out oxygen and water vapor

C. Photosynthesis

6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy C6H12O6 + 6O2