vambery armin

8/13/2019 vambery armin

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Eladk Az eladsok sszefoglali

Lecturers Abstracts of the papers


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GH

Academic studies

Born Budapest, 30 April 193219501954 Bachelor of Arts, University of Budapest

1958 Doctor of Philosophy, University of Budapest1966 Doctor of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

Research and Teaching Experience

19561957 Visiting Lecturer, University of Sofia19581962 Research Fellow, Hungarian Academy of Sciences19631982 Visiting Associate to Full Professor, Humboldt University (Berlin)

19631974 Head of the Turfan Research Group, German Academy of Sciences19841990 Research Professor and Publishing Director of the Hungarian Academy ofSciences

19921999 Professor and Head of the Department of Turkish Studies, University ofCyprus

2000 Research Professor, Hungarian Academy of Sciences20002003 Founding Rector of the Andrssy University (Budapest)

Publications

Author of books, studies, and reviews in various, mainly Turkological subjects Editor, co-editor, member in the advisory board or of the following journals and series: Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungariae (Budapest) Archivum Ottomanicum (Wiesbaden) Bibliotheca Orientalis Hungarica (Budapest) Cahiers dEtudes sur la Mediterrane Orientale et le Monde Turco-Iranien

(Paris) Journal of Turkish Studies, Trklk Bilgisi Aratrmalar (Cambridge, USA)

Orientalistische Literaturzeitung (Berlin) Studien zur Sprache, Geschichte und Kultur der Turkvlker (Freiburg i. Br.) Turkologischer Anzeiger/Turkology Annual (Vienna) Trk Dilleri Aratrmalar (Ankara) Zeitschrift fr Balkanologie (BerlinWiesbaden)

Functions in international bodies

1969 President of the Permanent International Altaistic Conference

19732000 Vice-President of the International Committee of Ottoman and Pre-OttomanStudies

19731991 Secretary of the International Union of Oriental and Asian Studies


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1991 Secretary General of the International Union of Oriental and Asian Studies19921996 President of the Subject Group of Oriental Studies, Academia European1997 President of the 35th International Congress of Asian and North-African

Studies19982000 Member of the International Organizing Committee of the 36thICANAS20002004 Member of the International Organizing Committee of the 37thICANAS

2006 President of the Vmbry Civic Association (Dunajska Stred, Slovakia)

Honours and awards

1957 Corresponding member of the Turkish Linguistic Society (Trk Dil Kurumu,Ankara)

1978 Corresponding member of the Socit Finno-Ougrienne (Helsinki)1979 Corresponding member of the Turkish Historical Society (Trk Tarih Kurumu,

Ankara)1982 Honorary member of the Turkish Linguistic Society (Trk Dil Kurumu,Ankara)

1982 Corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences1988 Honorary professor of the University of Budapest1990 Member of the Academia Europaea (London)1991 Doctor honoris causa of the University of Ankara1995 Ordinary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences1997 Honorary President of the Krsi Csoma Sndor Association1999 Professor emeritus of the University of Cyprus

2001 Corresponding member of the Sdosteuropa-Gesellschaft (Mnchen)2001 Honorary member of the American Oriental Society2001 Honorary Member of the Turkish Academy of Sciences2002 Andrssy Prize2003 Honorary President of the House of Nations2004 Awarded by the President of the Federal Republic of Germany (das Groe

Verdienstkreuz des Verdienstordens der Bundesrepublik Deutschland)2005 Honorary Professor of the Eastern Research Institute of the Russian Academy

of Sciences2005 Awarded by the President of the Hungarian Republic (A Magyar Kztrsasgi

rdemrend Kzpkeresztje)2006 Member of the Vmbry Association/Vmbry Scientific College2007 Honorary Member of the Societas Uralo-Altaica (Gttingen)2007 Vmbry Prize2007 Certificate of acknowledgment for services rendered to the Republic of Turkey

awarded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey2007 Elected President of the International Union of Oriental and Asian Studies2010 Honorary Member of the Deutsche Morgenlndische Gesellschaft2011 Awarded by the President of the Republic of France: Commandeur de lordre du

Mrite2013 Doctor honoris causa of the University of Istanbul


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HG

Tanulmnyok, diplomk

Szletsi hely, id: Budapest, 1932. prilis 30.19501954 ELTE Budapest (Orientalisztika/Turkolgia)

1958 Egyetemi doktori cm (ELTE, Budapest)1966 Akadmiai doktori cm (Magyar Tudomnyos Akadmia, Budapest)

Kutatsi, ill. tantsi feladatok s funkcik

19561957 Vendgadjunktus (Szfiai llami Egyetem)19581962 Tudomnyos munkatrs (Magyar Tudomnyos Akadmia)19631982 Vendgdocens, majd vendgprofesszor (Humboldt Egyetem, Berlin)19631974 A Nmet Tudomnyos Akadmia Turfan kutatcsoportjnak vezetje

1984 Kutatprofesszor (Magyar Tudomnyos Akadmia)19841990 Az Akadmiai Kiad figazgatja19921999 Professzor s a Turkolgiai Intzet vezetje (Ciprusi Egyetem, Nicosia)20002003 Az Andrssy Gyula Budapesti Nmet NyelvEgyetem alapt rektora

Publikcik

Knyvek, tanulmnyok s ismertetsek szerzje fleg a turkolgia terletn Kiadsi tevkenysg: rszvtel folyiratok, ill. sorozatok szerkesztsben: Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungariae (Budapest)

Archivum Ottomanicum (Wiesbaden) Bibliotheca Orientalis Hungarica (Budapest) Cahiers dEtudes sur la Mediterrane Orientale et le Monde Turco-Iranien

(Paris) Journal of Turkish Studies, Trklk Bilgisi Aratrmalar (Cambridge, USA) Orientalistische Literaturzeitung (Berlin) Studien zur Sprache, Geschichte und Kultur der Turkvlker (Freiburg i. Br.) Turkologischer Anzeiger/Turkology Annual (Vienna) Trk Dilleri Aratrmalar (Ankara)

Zeitschrift fr Balkanologie (BerlinWiesbaden)

Nemzetkzi szervezetekben val tevkenysg

1969 Az lland Nemzetkzi Altaisztikai Konferencia elnke19732000 Az International Committee of Ottoman and Pre-Ottoman Studies alelnke19731991 Az International Union of Oriental and Asian Studies titkra1991 Az International Union of Oriental and Asian Studies ftitkra19921996 Az Orientalista Tudomnyok munkacsoportjnak elnke (Academia Europea)1997 Az zsiai s szak-Afrikai Tudomnyok 35. Nemzetkzi Kongresszusnak

elnke19982000 Tagja az International Organizing Committee of the 36thICANAS-nak20002004 Tagja az International Organizing Committee of the 37thICANAS-nak


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Elismersek s kitntetsek

1957 A Trk Nyelvszeti Trsasg leveleztagja (Ankara)1978 A Finnugor Trsasg leveleztagja (Helsinki)1979 A Trk Trtneti Trsasg leveleztagja (Ankara)1982 A Trk Nyelvszeti Trsasg tiszteletbeli tagja (Ankara)

1982 A Magyar Tudomnyos Akadmia leveleztagja1988 Az ELTE (Budapest) tiszteletbeli professzora1990 Az Academia Europaea (London) tagja1991 Az Ankarai Egyetem dszdoktora1995 A Magyar Tudomnyos Akadmia rendes tagja1997 A Krsi Csoma Trsasg tiszteletbeli elnke1999 A Ciprusi Egyetem professor emeritusa2001 Sdosteuropa Gesellschaft (Mnchen): leveleztag2001 American Oriental Society: tiszteletbeli tag

2001 Trk Tudomnyos Akadmia (Ankara): tiszteletbeli tag2002 Andrssy-dj2003 A Nemzetek Hza tiszteletbeli elnke2004 A Nmet Szvetsgi Kztrsasg kitntetse: Das groe Verdienstkreuz des

Verdienstordens der Bundesrepublik Deutschland2005 Az Orosz Tudomnyos Akadmia Keletkutatsi Intzetnek tiszteletbeli

professzora2005 A Magyar Kztrsasgi rdemrend Kzpkeresztje2006 Vmbry Polgri Trsuls/Vmbry Tudomnyos Kollgium tagja2007 Societas Uralo-Altaica tiszteletbeli tagja (Gttingen)

2007 Vmbry-dj2007 A Trk Klgyminisztrium oklevele a Trk Kztrsasgrt tett

munkssgnak elismersrt2007 Az International Union of Oriental and Asian Studies megvlasztott elnke2010 Deutsche Morgenlndische Gesellschaft: tiszteletbeli tag2011 Francia Kztrsasg rdemrendje: Commandeur le lOrdre du Mrite2013 Az Isztambuli Egyetem dszdoktora


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IV

2013 Corresponding Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (HAS)2010 Two terms Visiting Fellowship at All Souls College, Oxford20052010 Director of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Lornd Etvs University (ELTE),

Budapest

2001 Doctor of HAS1996 Professor of Turkic Studies (ELTE), Budapest19992003 Ambassador of the Republic of Hungary to Tehran (Iran); from 2002 also

accredited to Ashkhabad (Turkmenistan)19911995 Ambassador of the Republic of Hungary to Ankara (Turkey)19901991 Consul General of the Republic of Hungary in Istanbul (Turkey)19881989 Visiting Research Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson Center in Washington, D.C.19801990 Associate Professor at the Department of Turkic Studies (ELTE)19811982 Two terms Visiting Professorship at the University of Venice (Universit di

Venezia), Italy.1981 Cand. Scient. dissertation (HAS)19681980 Research Fellow in the Altaistic Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of

Sciences1971 PhD dissertation (ELTE)1968 MA (ELTE)19631968 Faculty of Arts of ELTE, studies in Turcology, English and History1945 Born in Budapest, Hungary

Scholarly interest

Various themes of Turkic philology and history concerning the role of Turkic elements in thehistory of Central and Eastern Europe, among others:1. History of the steppe region of Eastern Europe in the 5th13th centuries (Huns, Avars,Onogurs, Bulgars, Khazars, Pechenegs, Cumans),2. TurcoHungarian contacts in the same period,3. history of the Mongol and post-Mongol states with a special emphasis on the Golden Hordeand her successor states (the Kazan and the Crimean Khanates, the Nogay Horde) in the 13th16th cc.

Positions held and research trips

2003 Editor-in-chief of Acta Orientalia.2011 Elected president of the Oriental Committee of HAS1970 Member of the Oriental Committee of HAS19971999 Elected president of the aforementioned committee19771982 Member of the Editorial Board of Acta Orientalia,international journal of

Oriental Studies published by HAS1968 Founding member of the Krsi Csoma Society, scholarly association of

Hungarian Orientalists19881990 Vice-president of the Krsi Csoma Society1981 Krsi Csoma Award for his works in Turcology and early Hungarian history


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1988 Corresponding Fellow, from 1999: Honorary Fellow of the Turkish LinguisticSociety (Trk Dil Kurumu)

1973 Regularly attends Hungarian and international fora (conferences, symposiums,etc.) of Turcology and related fields (Bloomington/Ind., Cambridge/Mass.,London, Paris, Berlin, Bonn, Gttingen, Leiden, Venice, Spoleto, Vienna,Helsinki, Ankara, Istanbul, Moscow, Novosibirsk, Kazan, Astrakhan,

Ashkhabad, and others)19701990 altogether seven research trips in Moscow and Leningrad

He is author of

e Golden Horde(1986); Chancellery of the Golden Horde(1987) and History of Pre-Mongol InnerAsia(1993) (all in Hungarian); Oriental Military: Cumans and Tatars in the Balkans, 11851365(Cambridge, 2005); Turks, Tatars and Russians in the 13th16th Centuries (Variorum CollectedStudies Series). (Ashgate, 2007) and numerous articles in Hungarian and international periodicals.

Abstract

Arminius Vmbry, a pioneer of Turkic studies

Arminius Vmbry (18321913), outstanding figure of Hungarian scholarship and history ofscience can be considered one of the founders and pioneers of a new branch of learning, thatof Turkology. On account of his famous Central Asian travel in 18621864 Vmbry can beregarded as an expert of the Islamic world, whose main field of expertise was Turkey, Iran andCentral Asia. As scholar he was a founder of Turkology, and as traveller he was an explorer of

Central Asia. In his understanding Turkology must expand its interest to all Turkic peoples andcultures, not only to the Ottoman-Turks but to the Asiatic Turkic peoples as well. In addition,a special task of Hungarian Turkological research is to pay attention to the different layers ofTurcoHungarian contacts (pre-ninth-century contacts prior to the conquest of the CarpathianBasin, PechenegCuman and Hungarian relationship in the 10th13th century and the ageof Ottoman domination in the 16th17th century). One of the most important works of hisTurkological research is e Turkic Race (1885), the firstEuropean monograph in which he made an attempt to getrid of the Ottoman-centred European view of Turkology andto include all Eurasian Turkic languages and peoples intothe orbit of research. Another, equally significant field ofhis activity was laying foundation of East-Turkic (Chagatay)philology. His agataische Sprachstudien(1867) was amongthe earliest East-Turkic chrestomathies published in Europe.Likewise, the publication of Kutadgu Bilig, an 11th-centuryTurco-Islamic didactic poem was also a path-breakingundertaking. Besides his Turkological activity Vmbry wasalso intensely engaged in problems concerning the originsof the Hungarians and early Hungarian history. Although

in this field he put forward some controversial theories, histhought-provoking ideas essentially contributed to a betterunderstanding of early Hungarian history.


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VI

2013 A Magyar Tudomnyos Akadmia leveleztagja2010 Kt trimeszter, vendgkutat, All Souls College, Oxford20052010 A budapesti Etvs Lornd Tudomnyegyetem Blcsszettudomnyi Karn

(ELTE BTK) az Orientalisztikai Intzet igazgatja

2001 Az MTA doktora19992003 A Magyar Kztrsasg teherni nagykvete (Irn); 2002-tl Ashabdba

(Trkmenisztn) is akkreditlva1996 Az ELTE BTK Trk Filolgiai Tanszknek professzora19911995 A Magyar Kztrsasg ankarai nagykvete (Trkorszg)19901991 A Magyar Kztrsasg isztambuli fkonzula (Trkorszg)19881989 A Woodrow Wilson Center (Washington, D.C.) kutat sztndjasa19801990 Az ELTE BTK Trk Filolgiai Tanszknek docense19811982 Kt flvre vendgtanr a velencei egyetemen (Universit di Venezia)

1981 Kandidtusi tudomnyos fokozat19681980 Az MTA Altajisztikai Kutatcsoportjban tudomnyos munkatrs1971 Egyetemi doktori fokozat1968 Egyetemi diploma angol s trk szakon19631968 Angol, trk s trtnelmi trgy egyetemi tanulmnyok az ELTE BTK-n19591963 Kzpiskolai tanulmnyok a budapesti Tncsics Mihly Gimnziumban1945 Budapesten szletett

Tudomnyos rdeklds

A trk filolgia s trtnelem klnbztmai, klns tekintettel a trksg Kzp- s Kelet-Eurpban jtszott trtnetre:1. A kelet-eurpai steppe-vezet az 513. szzadban (hunok, avarok, bolgrok, kazrok,magyarok, besenyk, kunok),2. a korai trkmagyar kapcsolatok, a magyar strtnet trk vonatkozsai,3. a mongol kor trtnete (1316. sz.), klns tekintettel az Arany Hordra s tatrutdllamaira (a Kazni s Krmi Knsgok, a Nogj Horda).

Tisztsgek s kutatutak

1970 Az MTA Orientalisztikai Bizottsgnak tagja; 19971999 kztt s 2011-tlismt vlasztott elnke

19771982 Az MTA nemzetkzi orientalisztikai folyiratnak, az Acta Orientalinakszerkesztbizottsgi tagja

2003 Az Acta Orientalia fszerkesztje1968 A magyar orientalistk egyesletnek, a Krsi Csoma Trsasgnak alapt

tagja; 19881990 kztt a Krsi Csoma Trsasg alelnke1981 Krsi Csoma-dj turkolgiai s magyar strtneti munkirt

1988 A Trk Nyelvtudomnyi Trsasg (Trk Dil Kurumu) levelez, majd 1999-tltiszteleti tagja

1993 A MagyarTrk Barti Trsasg alapt tagja, 2008-tl elnke


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1973 Rendszeres rsztvevvolt a turkolgia s Bels-zsia-kutats magyar snemzetkzi sszejvetelein (Bloomington/Ind., Cambridge/Mass., London,Prizs, Berlin, Bonn, Gttingen, Leiden, Velence, Spoleto, Bcs, Helsinki,Ankara, Isztambul, Moszkva, Novoszibirszk, Kazn, Asztrahn, Ashabd,Uppsala, Jeruzslem stb.)

19701990 Ht kutatt Moszkvba s Leningrdba

A kvetkezmvek szerzje

Az Arany Horda (Bp. 1986);Az Arany Horda kancellrija (Bp. 1987);A rgi Bels-zsia trtnete(Szeged, 1993; 2. kiads: Bp. 2003); Cumans and Tatars. Oriental Military in the Pre-OttomanBalkans, 11851365.(Cambridge, 2005); Turks, Tatars and Russians in the 13th16th Centuries(Ashgate, 2007);Magyar shazk s magyar strtnszek(Bp. 2008) s tbb mint 150 cikk hazais nemzetkzi folyiratokban.

sszefoglalVmbry rmin, a turkolgia ttrje

Vmbry rmin (18321913) a magyar tudomny s mveldstrtnet kiemelked alakja,akinek szemlyben joggal tisztelhetjk egy j tudomnynak, a turkolginak a megalaptjt.18621864-ben lebonyoltott hres kzp-zsiai utazsa nyomn Vmbry elssorban amuszlim vilg szakrtje lett, s azon bell is leginkbb Trkorszg, Irn s Kzp-zsiaismerje. Tbb terleten ttrvolt: tudsknt a turkolgiaegyik megalaptja, utazknt pedigKzp-zsiaegyik feltrja. Az felfogsban a turkolgia az egsz trksg tudomnya, gy az

oszmn-trk kutatsok s az zsiai trksg ismerete egyarnt szerves rsze ennek. Ehhezjrul mg a magyar turkolgia kln feladata, a magyar vonatkozsok (a honfoglals eltti kortrk kapcsolatai, a besenykun hats koras az oszmn-trk hdoltsg kora) feltrsa.Turkolgiai munkssgnak egyik legrtkesebbmve A trk faj cm munkja (1885), az elsolyan eurpai m, mely az oszmn-trksgszkebb szemlletbl kitrt, s a trk npekets nyelveket a maguk eurzsiai teljessgbens sokflesgben vizsglta. Tuds munks-sga msik, taln legfontosabb rsze a kzp-zsiai trk (csagatj) filolgia megteremtse.A agataische Sprachstudien (1867) az egyikels, Eurpban megjelent keleti-trkszveggyjtemny. A Kutadgu Bilig cm, 11.szzadi didaktikus kltemny kiadsa szintnttrvllalkozs volt. Turkolgiai munkssgamellett Vmbry sokat foglalkozott a magyarstrtnet s eredet krdsvel is, s ez irny

munki, br tbb vitathat elemet tartalmaztak,jelentsen hozzjrultak a korai magyartrtnelem megrtshez.


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MS. K

1980 MA degree, Istanbul University, Faculty of Humanities (Turkish language andliterature)

19831990 Researcher, then professor at Marmara University, Istanbul1990 PhD degree, Istanbul University, Faculty of Humanities (Turkish language and

literature)19941999 Assistant professor, then associate professor at Marmara University, Istanbul20002002 Guest professor at KyrgyzstanTurkey Manas University2002 Head of Department at the Istanbul University, Faculty of Humanities2010 Guest professor at PekinMinzu University, Department of Uygur Language and

Literature2012 President of the Turkish Linguistic Society

Scholarships: 1984: Germany; 19871989: Hungary (ELTE, Budapest; JATE, Szeged)

Research fields: Central Asian Turkic literary languages (Karakhanid, Khwarezmian andChagatay), publication and analysis of Kipchak dictionaries and translations

Abstract

Vmbry and his study of agataische Sprachstudien

Vmbrys well-known study, the agataische Sprachstudien was the first basic monographin Europe containing the grammar, chrestomathy and dictionary of this language. In this

book that was published exactly 145 years ago Vmbry made the first attempt to define theChagatay language and to describe its spread both chronologically and geographically. Vmbrypublished the original texts in Arabic script without Latin transcription, accompanied byGerman translations. ey extend from the Uzbek proverbs to the love story of Tahir ile Zhreanddisplay a great linguistic diversity.e dictionary in the book is the first Chagatay dictionarypublished in Europe in which the word entries in Arabic script are followed by a transcriptionin the Latin alphabet and the meanings are given in German and French. e author includedin his dictionary only the special Chagatay words, and those related to the Ottoman languagewere left out. e same happened to words originating from foreign (mainly Arabic and

Persian) languages. Only those Arabic and Persian words found their way into the dictionarythat were used in Chagatay with a different meaning. is means that the dictionary becamerather frugal in terms of content, so its usage definitely needs the supplementary help of anOttoman dictionary containg all the Arabic and Persian words missing from Vmbrywork.While preparing the dictionary, Vmbry utilised earlier Chagatay dictionaries as well suchas the Abuka, the Bedyil-lugat, the Lugat-i Trk, and the Hulsa-i Abbs. In light of themodern data one is often compelled to correct Vmbrys readings, suffice it mentioning herean example: the word read as brgt eagle must be amended to brkt. e actuality of thework is demonstrated by the fact that it was reprinted in Amsterdam, in 1975 and it can alsoeasily be found on the internet. e present paper will treat a few selected parts of the work and

will give an analysis of the dictionary.


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MS. K

1980 Trk nyelvi s irodalmi tanulmnyok utn diploma az Isztambuli Egyetemen19831990 Kutat, majd tanr az isztambuli Marmara Egyetemen1990 Doktori diploma (PhD) trk nyelv s irodalom szakon az Isztambuli

Egyetemen

19941999 Tanrsegd, majd docens az isztambuli Marmara Egyetemen20002002 Vendgtanr a Kirgizistan-Trkiye Manas Egyetemen2002 Professzor s tanszkvezetaz Isztambuli Egyetemen2010 Vendgtanr a PekinMinzu Egyetem Ujgur Nyelv s Irodalom Tanszkn2012 A Trk Nyelvtudomnyi Trsasg elnke

sztndjak: 1984: Nmetorszg 19871989: Magyarorszg (ELTE, Budapest; JATE, Szeged)

Kutatsi terletei: A kzp-zsiai trk irodalmi nyelvek (karahanida, hvrezmi s csagatj),illetve kipcsak sztrak s fordtsok kiadsa s elemzse

sszefoglal

Vmbry agataische Sprachstudien-je

Vmbry jl ismert agataische Sprachstudien-je e krdskrben az els alapvet monogrfiaEurpban, mely nyelvtant, szveggyjtemnyt s sztrt tartalmaz. A 145 vvel ezeltt

megjelent knyvben Vmbry elsknt tett ksrletet arra, hogy a csagatj nyelvet definiljas elterjedsnek id- s trbeli hatrait meghzza. A szvegeket Vmbry az eredeti arabbetvel kzli, latin bets trs nlkl, nmet fordts ksretben. A szvegek az zbgkzmondsoktl egszen a Tahir ile Zhre szerelmes trtnetig terjednek s igen sok nyelvivltozatot kpviselnek. A sztri rsz a Nyugaton napvilgot ltott elscsagatj sztr, amelybenaz arab bets cmszavak mellett mr azok latin bets trsa is meg van adva, a jelentsekpedig nmetl s franciul szerepelnek. A szerzcsak a jellegzetes csagatj szavakat vette felsztrba, az oszmnlibl is ismert szavak nem kerltek bele. Ugyanez vonatkozik az idegeneredet(fleg arab s perzsa) szavakra is. Csak az esetben kerlt be egy arab vagy perzsa sz a

sztrba, ha a csagatj nyelvben az eredetitl eltrjelentssel hasznltk. Ez azt jelenti, hogya sztri rsz meglehetsen szk terjedelmre sikerlt, gy hasznlata kzben mindenkppenszksg van egy oszmnli sztrra is, amely tjkoztatst ad a nyelv arabperzsa elemeirl.A sztri rsz elksztsnl Vmbry korbbi csagatj sztrakat is felhasznlt, mint pldulaz Abuka,a Bedyil-lugat, aLugat-i Trk s aHulsa-i Abbs. Gyakran szksges Vmbryolvasatait az jabb adatok ismeretben kijavtani, egy konkrt pldt hozva: a sztrban a sasjelentsbrgt-knt szereplolvasatot brktalakra kell emendlnunk. A knyv idtll volttbizonytja, hogy 1975-ben Amszterdamban reprint kiadsban jra megjelent s az internetenis knnyen megtallhat. Az eladsban a kivlasztott szvegrszek s a sztr egsznekelemzsre kerl sor.


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JM. L

Jacob M. Landau is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.His works have dealt with late Ottoman history, the Republic of Turkey, and the literatures andpolitical ideologies of the modern Middle East and Central Asia. He has authored 26 books,edited 12 others and published many papers in the professional periodicals, encyclopaedias and

Festschrifts. His books have appeared in Hebrew, Turkish, Arabic, English, French, German,Greek, Russian and Chinese. He was awarded the Israel Prize for Research, the highest scholarlydistinction of the State of Israel, as well as a medal by the Turkish Historical Society (of whichhe is an honorary member) for his publications.

Abstract

Arminius Vmbry and Abdul Hamid II

By his own account, Arminius Vmbry had a claim to a special favoured relation with theSultan Abdul Hamid II. Vmbrys published works declare that he was a confidential adviser tothe Sultan, who honoured him with invitations to his table and with lengthy private audiences.Vmbry used his influence, for example, by arranging an audience, in 1901, with the Sultanfor eodor Herzl, the founder of the World Zionist Organization. Vmbry, a conscientiousscholar, soon enough noted the Sultans autocratic tendencies which he reported in his writingsbut still attempted to mitigate his criticism by praising the Sultans interest in public educationand in commerce. Abdul Hamid, however, was hurt by Vmbrys criticism. Furthermore, theSultan suspected Great Britains territorial designs and praised Russian policies. Vmbry tooka diametrically opposed view on foreign affairs which he carefully elaborated in his meetings

with the Sultan. us their relations began to cool and found a final expression in a detailedcritical paper published by Vmbry in a London monthly in 1909 after the Sultans depositionby the Young Turks.

BK-H

Barbara Kellner-Heinkele studied Islamic Studies, Turkology and History at the Universitiesof Freiburg im Breisgau and Hamburg (Dr. phil. in 1974) and Uralic and Altaic Studies at

Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana/USA (M.A. 1969). In 1981 she received her degreeof habilitation (Dr. phil. habil.) from the University of Freiburg im Breisgau. From 19791982she worked as a research assistant at the Orient-Institut der Deutschen MorgenlndischenGesellschaft in Beirut. From 19821990 she was professor of Islamic Studies and Turkology atthe University of Frankfurt am Main, from 19902007 she was professor and founding directorof the Institut fr Turkologie at Freie University Berlin. Her research focuses on the culturalhistory of the Turkic peoples (in particular the Ottoman Empire, the Crimean Khanate andthe Turkmen) and on ego-documents on the basis of little known or unique Turkic-languagemanuscripts. With Jacob M. Landau she co-authored Politics of Language in the Ex-Soviet Muslim

States(London 2001) and Language Politics in Contemporary Central Asia(London 2012). She isa co-editor of Turkologischer Anzeiger(1975) and editor and co-editor of numerous collectedvolumes. Since her retirement in 2007 she is Secretary General of the Permanent InternationalAltaistic Conference (PIAC).


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JM. L

Jacob M. Landau a jeruzslemi Hber Egyetem professor emeritusa, szakterlete a politika-tudomny. Munkiban a ks oszmn trtnelemmel, a Trk Kztrsasggal, valamint azjkori Kzel-Kelet s Kzp-zsia irodalmaival s politikai ideolgiival foglalkozik. Mindmig26 knyve jelent meg, 12 mnek volt szerkesztje, s tovbbi szmos tanulmnyt publiklt

szakmai folyiratokban, enciklopdikban s emlkknyvekben. Knyvei hber, trk, arab,angol, francia, nmet, grg, orosz s knai nyelven jelentek meg. Tudomnyos kzlemnyeirt azIzraeli Kutati Djat (a legmagasabb tudomnyos kitntets Izrael llamban), valamint a TrkTrtneti Trsasg emlkrmt adomnyoztk neki. A Trk Trtneti Trsasg tiszteleti tagja.

sszefoglal

Vmbry rmin s II. Abdulhamid

Sajt beszmolja szerint Vmbry rmint kivltsgos kapcsolatok fztk II. Abdulhamidszultnhoz. Vmbry kiadott munki alapjn megllapthat, hogy bizalmas tancsadja volta szultnnak, aki azzal tisztelte meg, hogy az asztalhoz hvta, s hossz magnkihallgatsokonfogadta t. Vmbry pldul arra hasznlta befolyst, hogy 1901-ben kihallgatst eszkzlt kia szultnnl eodor Herzl, a Cionista Vilgszervezet alaptja szmra. Lelkiismeretes tudskntVmbry hamar szrevette a szultn autokratikus hajlamait, amelyekrl szt ejtett rsaiban is,ugyanakkor kritikjt enyhteni prblta azzal, hogy dicsrte a szultn rdekldst a kzoktatss kereskedelem irnt. II. Abdulhamid szultn ennek ellenre megsrtdtt Vmbry brlatain.Radsul a szultn gyanakodott az angolokra terleti aspirciik miatt, s dicsrte az orosz politikt.Vmbry viszont homlokegyenest ellenkezklpolitikai nzeteket vallott, s ezeket a szultnnal

val tallkozsain gondosan ki is fejtette. Kapcsolatuk ezrt fokozatosan elhideglt. Ennek vgslecsapdsa az a rszletes, kritikus cikk, amelyet Vmbry 1909-ben egy londoni havilapban tettkzz azutn, hogy a szultnt letasztottk a trnrl az itrkk.

BK-H

Barbara Kellner-Heinkele iszlmtudomnyt, turkolgit s trtnelmet tanult a Freiburgi Egyete-men s Hamburgban, majd tanulmnyait az Egyeslt llamokban, az Indiana Egyetem (Blooming-

ton) Url-altaji Tanszkn folytatta (MA, 1969). A doktori cmet Hamburgban nyerte el 1974-ben.1981-ben habilitlt a Freiburgi Egyetemen. 1979 s 1982 kztt kutatasszisztensknt dolgozotta Nmet Keleti Trsasg Keleti Tanulmnyok Intzetben Bejrtban. 19821990 kztt az iszlm-tudomny s a turkolgia professzora a Frankfurti Egyetemen, majd 1990 s 2007 kztt alaptigazgatja s egyben professzora lett a Berlini Szabad Egyetem Turkolgiai Intzetnek. Kutatsaielssorban a trk npek kultrtrtnetre irnyulnak (klns tekintettel az Oszmn Birodalom,a Krmi Knsg s a trkmnek trtnetre). Mindezen tl kevss ismert vagy egyedi trk nyelvkziratok alapjn ego-dokumentumok tanulmnyozsval foglalkozik. Jacob M. Landau profesz-szorral trsszerzknt publiklta aNyelvpolitika a muszlim szovjet utdllamokban(London, 2001),

valamint aNyelvpolitika a mai Kzp-zsiban(London, 2012) cmmveket. 1975-tl trsszerkesz-tje a turkolgia nemzetkzi kurrens bibliogrfijnak (Turkologischer Anzeiger/Turkology Annual),valamint szmos kollektv ktet szerkesztje, ill. trsszerkesztje. 2007-es nyugdjba vonulsa taaz lland Nemzetkzi Altajisztikai Konferencia (PIAC) ftitkra.


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Abstract

Visions of Bukhara A Comparative Look at the Travels of Arminius Vmbry andGeorge Nathaniel Curzon

After his Travels in Central Asia (1864), which gained him international fame, Arminius

Vmbry published over the next 40 years not only a number of additional books dealing withthe Orient but also a multitude of eloquent, routinely written newspaper articles and essayson contemporary Central Asia. Although he never returned to the region, he was able to retaina certain prestige as a specialist of political, economic, social and cultural questions regardingan area that from a backwater of history had become the stage of the Great Game. Conqueredby the Russians between 1863 and 1895, the so far unknown Central Asian territories quicklybecame a laboratory of Russian colonial efforts, showing successes as well as failures. Vmbrywas 31 years old when he made his trip from Tehran to Khiva, Bukhara, Samarkand and back(March 1863 January 1864) under the most primitive conditions, practically without money

or support, in regions where non-Muslims would usually meet with death when found out.Only 25 years later (1888), at the age of 29, George Nathaniel Curzon (18591925), Member ofthe English Parliament (thus representative of the country Vmbry deeply admired for mostof his adult life), made a comfortable trip from St. Petersburg via the Turkmen territory toBukhara, Samarkand and Tashkent, using for part of his trip the Transcaspian Railway fromUzun Ada to Samarkand that had recently been built by the Russians in their new colonies ofTranscaspia and Turkistan and through the Emirate of Bukhara. Curzon lacked neither moneynor official support and had no reason to fear for his life during his journey. Russian CentralAsia in 1889 and the Anglo-Russian Question (1889) is the result of his travel, a hefty bookbased on the entire literature on Central Asia available to date in the major European languages

and on the most recent Russian statistics.e book made him the foremost specialist of CentralAsia in Great Britain and, with his later books on his travels in Persia, Afghanistan, East andSouth Asia, the leading authority on Asian affairs.e two men, so different in character, familybackground, education and worldview, were similar in their fascination for the Orient, asVmbry called it, the East, as Curzon saw it. Vmbry hated the Russians from his youth,Curzon knew to acknowledge their achievements in Central Asia, but considered the RussianEmpires expansion a serious threat to British colonial rule in India. is presentation discussesin a first step Vmbrys and Curzons level of information on Central Asia as displayed in theirtravel books and secondly compares their perception of the land and its peoples once they hadmade their own experiences. ird, the paper attempts to show how the two mens personalbackground and their mode of travelling determined their writing style. Finally, an overviewwill be given of the development of European knowledge of Central Asia after Russia had forcedopen this region which, to most Europeans, seemed mysterious, dangerous and governed bybarbarian tyrants.


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sszefoglal

Buharai kpek Vmbry rmin s George Nathaniel Curzon tlersainaksszehasonltsa

Utazsok Kzp-zsiban(1864) cmmve nemzetkzi hrnevet hozott Vmbry rminnak.

Az ezt kvetnegyven vben a szerznemcsak szmos tovbbi, a Kelet-tel foglalkoz knyvetrt, hanem egy sereg vlasztkosan megfogalmazott s jrtassgt bizonyt jsgcikket stanulmnyt a modern Kzp-zsirl. Br sohasem trt vissza, mgis kpes volt megrizniazt a tiszteletet, amely szemlyt egy olyan rgi politikai, gazdasgi, trsadalmi s kulturlisszakrtjeknt vezte, amely a trtnelem elmaradott terletbl a nagy jtszma szntervvlt. Az oroszok ltal 1863 s 1895 kztt megszllt, eladdig ismeretlen kzp-zsiai terletekhamar a rszben sikeres, m sok esetben sikertelen orosz gyarmati trekvsek clpontjvvltak. Vmbry 31 vesen 1863 mrciusa s 1864 janurja kztt tette meg a TehernHvaBuharaSzamarkand utat, majd trt haza sikeresen. Az t rendkvl nehz krlmnyek kztt

telt, brmifle anyagi tmogats nlkl, olyan terleteken t, ahol a nem muszlimok ltalbanaz letkkel fizettek, ha felfedtk kiltket. Mindssze 25 vvel ksbb (1888) a 29 ves GeorgeNathaniel Curzon (18591925), az angol parlament tagja annak az orszgnak a kpviselje,amelyet Vmbry felntt letnek nagy rszben mlyen csodlt , knyelmes krlmnyekkztt tette meg utazst Szentptervrrl a trkmn terleten t Buharba, majd onnanSzamarkandba s Taskentbe. Uzun Ada vrostl Szamarkandig az t egy rszt az akkorjonnan ptett, a Kaspi-tengertl Kzp-zsiba vezet vastvonal egyik szakaszn tettemeg, mely a Buharai Emirtuson keresztl vezetett az oroszok j kzp-zsiai s turkesztnigyarmataihoz. Curzon sem anyagi, sem hivatali tmogatsban nem szenvedett hinyt, snem kellett attl tartania, hogy lett brmi veszly fenyegetn utazsa sorn. lmnyeit s

tapasztalatait az Orosz Kzp-zsia 1889-ben s az angolorosz krds (1889) cmknyvbenfoglalta ssze, amelyhez felhasznlta az akkor rendelkezsre ll, a nagyobb eurpai nyelvekenrdott szakirodalmat, tovbb a legfrissebb orosz statisztikkat. Ez a ms ksbbi knyvei,amelyek tmjt Perzsiban, Afganisztnban, Kelet- s Dl-zsiban tett utazsai adtk, aszerzt Angliban Kzp-zsia legismertebb szakrtjv s az zsiai gyek vezettekintlyvemeltk. A kt tuds szemlyisge, csaldi httere, tanulmnyai s vilgszemllete igencsakelttt egymstl, mgis kzs volt bennk a csodlat az Oriens ahogy Vmbry mondta,vagy a Keletirnt ahogy Curzon ltta. Vmbry gyerekkortl kezdve gyllte az oroszokat,Curzon viszont megtanulta tisztelni kzp-zsiai teljestmnyket, jllehet az volt a vlemnye,hogy az Orosz Birodalom terjeszkedse nagy veszedelmet jelent az angolok gyarmati uralmraIndiban. Az elads elszr azt taglalja, hogy tiknyveik tansga szerint Vmbry s Curzonmilyen szint informcikkal rendelkeztek Kzp-zsirl, majd sszehasonltja, hogy mintvlekedtek a terletrl s annak nprl, miutn szemlyes tapasztalatokra tettek szert. Azelads megksrli bemutatni azt is, hogy a kt ember szemlyes httere, valamint utazsukkrlmnyei miknt befolysoltk ri stlusukat. Vgezetl egy sszefoglal elemzs kvetkezikarrl, hogy miknt fejldtt Eurpa ismerete Kzp-zsirl az orosz hdtst kveten,amely eladdig a legtbb eurpai szemben egy rejtelmes, veszlyes s barbr zsarnokok ltalkormnyzott terlet volt.


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RB

Work experience

2012 Acting Professor, Islamic Studies/Turcology, Albert-Ludwigs-UniversittFreiburg i. Br.

201012 Research assistant at the Department of Turcology, Justus-Liebig-UniversittGieen, project Majority or minority? Constructions of identity in thediscourse of politics of language in Russian-Turkic speech communities(funded by the German Research Foundation, DFG)

20072009 Research assistant at the Department of Turcology, Justus-Liebig-UniversittGieen; project e end of an Islamic literary language? Lexical traces ofcultural and language change of the Volga Tatars (funded by the GermanResearch Foundation, DFG)

Educational and academic background

20072011 Postgraduate student (Dr. phil), Justus-Liebig-Universitt Gieen Dissertation:e development of Tatar terminology since the end of the 19th century

20072010 Member at the International Graduate Centre for the Study of Culture (GCSC)as postgraduate student, Justus-Liebig-Universitt Gieen

19982005 Student (M. A., Magister Artium) in Islamic Studies and Slavic Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitt Freiburg Master thesis: Life and work of ArminiusVmbry (18321913)

20012002 Student at the Faculty of History, State University Samarkand (Uzbekistan),

with a grant from the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)

Abstract

e perception of Arminius Vmbry and his journey in Central Asia yesterday and today

When Arminius Vmbry (18321913) travelled to Central Asia in the years 18631864, theregion was not yet conquered by the Russian Empire and therefore constituted forbidden

territory for the Europeans. But Vmbry, disguised as a dervish, escaped detection andsucceeded to return to Europe via Persia, bringing with him a young Mull from the city ofKhiva. For Vmbry, this journey was the beginning of a remarkable career: After a warm-hearted reception in London and the publication of his travel account, he succeeded withoutever obtaining a university degree in being appointed professor in Budapest. But there werereactions not only in Europe, but also in Central Asia. In my paper, I would like to shed light onthe perception of Vmbry and his journey in this region and other parts of the former RussianEmpire or, respectively, the former Soviet Union, from the 19thcentury to the present. In Central

Asia, Vmbrys coup did not go unnoticed. In the years following the Russian conquest of theCentral Asian Khanates, several Europeans travelled to Central Asia, followed Vmbrys traces

and interviewed some of his hosts. ese reactions were published in contemporary newspaperarticles or travel accounts and in turn cited by Vmbry in his autobiography e Story of MyStruggles, first published in English in 1904. In one of these statements, made by a man from


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RB

Munkahelyek

2012 Professzor az Albert-Ludwig Egyetem (Freiburg i. Br.) Iszlmtudomnyi sTurkolgia Tanszken

201012 Tudomnyos munkatrs a gieeni Justus-Liebig Egyetem TurkolgiaTanszkn. A projekt cme Tbbsg vagy kisebbsg? A szemlyazonossgalakulsa a nyelvpolitika tkrben az orosztrk nyelvnpcsoportokban(a Nmet Kutatsi Alap/DFG anyagi tmogatsval)

20072009 Tudomnyos munkatrs a gieeni Justus-Liebig Egyetem TurkolgiaTanszkn. A projekt cme: Egy iszlm irodalmi nyelv vge? Lexiklisbizonytkok a volgai tatrok kulturlis s nyelvi vltozsaira (a NmetKutatsi Alap/DFG anyagi tmogatsval)

Tanulmnyi s akadmiai httr

20072011 Posztgradulis tanulmnyok (Justus-Liebig Egyetem, Gieen); a disszertcicme: A tatr terminolgia fejldse a XIX. szzad vgtl

20072010 Posztgradulis munkatrsknt tagja a Kulturlis Tanulmnyok NemzetkziHallgati Kzpontjnak (GCSC) (Justus-Liebig Egyetem, Gieen)

19982005 Egyetemi hallgat (MA) az Iszlmtudomnyi s Szlavisztikai Tanszken(Albert-Ludwigs Egyetem, Freiburg)Diplomamunka cme: Vmbry rmin (18321913) lete s munkssga(megjelent: Von Zentralasien nach Windsor Castle. Leben und Werk des

Orientalisten Arminius Vmbry [18321913].Ergon Verlag, 2006)20012002 Hallgat a Szamarkandi llami Egyetem trtnelem fakultsn,

zbegisztnban, melyet sztndjjal nyert el a Nmet Akadmiai Csereprogramkeretben (DAAD)

sszefoglalVmbry rmin kzp-zsiai utazsnak rtkelse tegnap s ma

Vmbry rmin (18321913) 18631864-es kzp-zsiai tja sorn a terlet mg nem tar-

tozott az Orosz Birodalom felsgterlethez, gy az eurpai lakossg szmra tiltott terlet-nek szmtott. Ennek ellenre Vmbry, magt dervisnek lczva, Perzsin keresztl sikere-sen visszatrt Eurpba, magval hozva Hva vrosbl egy fiatal mollt. Vmbrynek ez azutazsa egy csodlatos karrier kezdete is volt. Szvlyes fogadtatsa utn Londonban utaz-si lmnyeit publiklta, s anlkl hogy egyetemi diplomt szerzett volna, a Pesti Egyetemprofesszorv neveztk ki. Ugyanakkor Vmbry tlersa nemcsak Eurpban, de zsibanis visszhangot vltott ki. Eladsomban r kvnok vilgtani, hogyan vlekedtek Vmb-ryrl s utazsrl a trgyalt rgiban, a cri Oroszorszgban, majd a volt Szovjetuniban a19. szzadtl napjainkig. Kzp-zsiban Vmbry trekvsei nem maradtak ismeretlenek.A kzp-zsiai knsgok orosz megszllst kvetvekben szmos eurpai utazott Vmbry

nyomn e trsgbe, s beszlt az t vendgl lt emberekkel. Ezen visszajelzsek az akkorijsgok hasbjain s ms utazsi beszmolkban egyarnt megjelentek. Ksbb utalt ezekreVmbry is Kzdelmeim c. visszaemlkezsben, mely elszr 1904-ben angolul jelent meg.


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Bukhara by the name of Rakhmed-Bi, Vmbry is characterised as a learned man, which wasthe reason why Rakhmed-Bi allowed him to continue his journey, without letting Vmbry oranybody else know about his discovery. Similar was the reaction of Emir Yaqb Khan, governorof the city of Herat, who commented some years later when asked about Vmbry by theEnglish officer Sir Robert Warburton: I knew at once that he must be a European [...]. [...] I didnot press the matter, being afraid that if suspicion had been roused against him, his life might

not have been safe. In these statements, Vmbry was not seen as a threat, but as a personeager for knowledge, deserving protection and maybe even being worthy of respect for takingthe risk of travelling in disguise. Today, the fact that there is still a memory of Vmbry and histravel in Uzbekistan is clearly shown by the revelation of a memorial tablet at the Ark Fortressof Bukhara which took place on the occasion of an official visit by Hungarys former PresidentPl Schmitt to Bukhara in November 2011. Schmitt, visiting the city in company of UzbekistansPrime Minister Shavkat Mirziyoyev, stressed that the memorial tablet should be seen as one ofmany signs of the long-lasting tradition of friendship and mutual understanding, so one can saythat Vmbry today functions as a figurehead for these values.

M

1985 MA esis (history) at the Dokuz Eyll University (Izmir)1992 Postgraduate studies at the Dokuz Eyll University1997 PhD esis at the Dokuz Eyll University (History of the Turkish Republic)

Field of research: History of the Turkish Republic; TurkishHungarian relations of themodern periodWorkplace: Mula University20002005: assistant professor; 20052011: associate professor; 2011: professorScholarships: 20052006: research scholarship in Hungary rewarded by the Turkish Ministry ofPublic EducationMemberships: member of the Military History Committee of the Headquarters Staffin Turkey

Abstract

oughts on the significance of Arminius Vmbrys travelin Central-Asia from the Ottoman, British and Russian angle

e famous Hungarian Turkologist Arminius Vmbry, following a longer period of preparationin Istanbul, set out to his travel in Central-Asia disguised as a Muslim dervish. He managedto accomplish his journey with the knowledge and support of Ottoman political circles andto surmount the extreme difficulties with the help of other dervishes ubiquitous in the wholeIslamic world. In a period when Great Britain and Russia were in sharp competition overCentral Asia, both rivals were eager to know the experiences of Vmbry heading for the regionand wanted to benefit from the results of his journey. Vmbry obtained a well-deservedinternational fame after publishing his travel account on his adventures in Central Asia. epaper aims to present and analyse Vmbrys journey and travel account in the context of theCentral Asian politics of the day and mutual relationships of the Ottoman Empire, Great Britainand Russia.


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Az egyik ilyen visszaemlkezs szerint, amely egy Rahmed-Bi nevbuharai frfitl szrmazik,Vmbryt tanult embernek tekintettk. Ez adott a frfinak okot arra, hogy Vmbryt tjraengedje anlkl, hogy felfedje kiltt, akr msnak, akr magnak a tuds Vmbrynek. Ugyan-ez volt a visszajelzs Emir Yakub kn, Herat vros kormnyzjtl is, aki nhny vvel ksbb,amikor Sir Robert Warburton angol hivatalnok Vmbryrl faggatta, gy nyilatkozott: Tudtam,hogy csakis eurpai lehet Nem erltettem tovbb a krdezskdst, ugyanis fltem attl,

ha brmi gyan merlne fel ellene, lete akr veszlybe kerlhet. Ezen emlkezsek szerintVmbryt nem gy tekintettk, mint brmifle fenyegetst vagy gyans szemlyt, sokkal in-kbb mint egy olyan utazt, aki tudsra szomjazik, s ezltal vdelmet rdemel; st tiszteletet,amirt minden veszlyt vllalva, inkognitban utazik. Napjainkban Vmbry s zbegisztniutazsa mlt emlkt rzi az az emlktbla, melyet a buharai Ark erdtmny oldaln SchmittPl, Magyarorszg volt kztrsasgi elnke leplezett le 2011 novemberben tett hivatalos l-togatsa sorn. Schmitt Pl az zbg miniszterelnk, Savkat Mirzijojev trsasgban kifejezteabbli remnyt, hogy az emlktbla a hossz tv bartsg s a kzs megrts szimblumalesz. gy megllapthatjuk, hogy Vmbry manapsg ezen rtkek nagykveteknt l tovbb a

kztudatban.

M

1985 Trtnelem szakos MA-diploma, Dokuz Eyll Egyetem (Izmir)1992 Posztgradulis tanulmnyok, Dokuz Eyll Egyetem1997 PhD fokozat, Dokuz Eyll Egyetem (A Trk Kztrsasg trtnete)

Kutatsi terlete: A Trk Kztrsasg trtnete, jkori trkmagyar kapcsolatok

Munkahelye: Mulai EgyetemBeosztsa: 20002005: tanrsegd; 20052011: docens; 2011: professzorsztndjak: 20052006: Magyarorszgi kutati sztndj, Trk Kzoktatsi MinisztriumTagsg: a trk Vezrkari Fnksg Hadtrtneti Bizottsgnak tagja

sszefoglal

Gondolatok Vmbry rmin kzp-zsiai utazsnak fontossgrlaz Oszmn Birodalom, Anglia s Oroszorszg szempontjbl

Vmbry rmin, a jeles magyar turkolgus egy Isztambulban tlttt hosszabb felkszl-si szakasz utn muzulmn dervis lruhjba ltzve indult el hossz tjra zsia belsejbe.Az oszmn politikai krk tudtval s segtsgvel megvalsul t sorn Vmbry ennek a dervislruhnak ksznhette, hogy muszlim-knt tllhette a nem mindennapi fizikai s lelki meg-prbltatsokat. Egy olyan idszakban, amikor Kzp-zsirt, s klnsen az ottani politikaibefolysrt Anglia s Oroszorszg egyarnt versengett, nyilvnval volt, hogy a Kzp-zsibautaz Vmbry ott szerzett gazdag tapasztalatai irnt mindkt fl rendkvli rdekldst tan-stott, gy az utazs eredmnyeit nemcsak Anglia, hanem Oroszorszg is hasznostani tudta.Vmbrynek a kzp-zsiai utazs lersa meghozta a joggal kirdemelt vilghrnevet. Jelen

elads az Oszmn Birodalom, Anglia s Oroszorszg kzp-zsiai politikjnak s egymshozfzdkapcsolataiknak fnyben kvnja bemutatni s elemezni Vmbry kzp-zsiai tjt,valamint az errl kszlt tlerst.


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FC

Ferenc Csirksfirst studied Turkish, Persian and English at Etvs Lornd University, Budapest,before spending a year as a Fulbright visiting researcher at the Denis Sinor Research Institutefor Inner Asian Studies at Indiana University in Bloomington in 20052006. He has been aPhD student at the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations at the University

of Chicago since 2006, becoming ABD in 2010. His dissertation under preparation entitledChaghatay oration, Ottoman eloquence, Qizilbash rhetoric: Turkish Literature in Safavid Persia ,seeks to understand the cultural and social background as well as the relative place of Turkishand Persian against the background of Early Modern Muslim Empires in general and SafavidIran in particular. Currently, he is also a visiting instructor in the Department of MedievalStudies at Central European University in Budapest.

CF

Csirks Ferenc elszr trk, perzsa s angol nyelvet hallgatott a budapesti Etvs LorndTudomnyegyetem, majd 20052006-ban a Fulbright Program keretben, mint vendgkutat,egy vet tlttt el a Denis Sinor Kutatintzet Bels-zsiai Tanulmnyok Tanszkn, abloomingtoni Indiana Egyetemen. 2006-tl PhD-hallgat a Chicagi Egyetem Kzel-keletiNyelvek s Civilizcik Tanszkn, majd ABD 2010-ben. Folyamatban lvdisszertcijnakcme: Csagatj beszd, trk kesszls, kizilbas retorika: A trk irodalom helyzete a SzafavidaPerzsiban. A tanulmny arra trekszik, hogy ltalnos kpet adjon a trk s perzsa nyelvekkulturlis s trsadalmi htterrl, valamint azok helyrl a kora jkori muzulmn birodalmak

rnykban, klnsen vizsglva e jelensget a Szafavida Irn tekintetben. Emellett, mintvendgelad, a budapesti Kzp-eurpai Egyetem Kzpkori Tanulmnyok Tanszknekoktatja.


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GF

Gbor Fodor graduated from the Etvs Lornd University, Faculty of Humanities, Departmentof History and Chair of Turkish Philology in 2011. During his studies he spent a term in Bilginiversitesi, Istanbul as an Erasmus student. He started his postgraduate studies in the PhDSchool of History of Etvs Lornd University, in the programme History of the Ottoman

Empire and the Republic of Turkey in 2011. His dissertation aims to uncover Hungariansources relating to the fate of the Ottoman Armenians during World War I. From 2009 onwardhe has worked in a research group of Turkish philology (in 20092011 in the Research Institutefor Linguistics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; from 2011 as a junior researcher in theInstitute for Literary Studies, Research Centre for the Humanities of the Hungarian Academyof Sciences). He published articles on the Armenian Question both in Hungary and abroad,presented papers in international conferences, and delivered lectures for the broader public. Inthe academic year 20122013, he taught Turkish language at the Chair of Turkish Philology atEtvs Lornd University, Budapest.

FG

Fodor Gbor az Etvs Lornd Tudomnyegyetem Blcsszettudomnyi Karnak trkfilolgiatrtnelem szakprjn diplomzott 2011-ben, melyet megelzen az Erasmus-sztndjkeretben egy flvet tlttt az isztambuli Bilgi Egyetemen. Ezt kveten posztgradulistanulmnyait az Etvs Lornd Tudomnyegyetem Trtnelemtudomnyok Doktori Iskolj-nak Az Oszmn Birodalom s a Trk Kztrsasg trtnete doktori programjn kezdte meg.Disszertcija az I. vilghborban elpusztult rmnyek sorsra vonatkoz magyar forrsok

feltrst clozza. 2009-tl tagja a turkolgiai kutatcsoportnak, mely 2009 s 2011 kztta Magyar Tudomnyos Akadmia Nyelvtudomnyi Intzetben, majd 2011 ta a MagyarTudomnyos Akadmia Blcsszettudomnyi Kutatkzpont Irodalomtudomnyi Intzetbenmkdik. Az rmnykrds tmakrben 2011 ta jelentet meg cikkeket hazai s nemzetkzifolyiratokban, tart tudomnyos s ismeretterjeszteladsokat. Emellett az elmlt vben azEtvs Lornd Tudomnyegyetem Trk Filolgia Tanszkn trk nyelvet oktatott.


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Abstract

Vmbry as a public figure

In Hungary Vmbry is primarily known as a Turkologist and scholar, while in an internationalcontext he is also known for his political expertise in Central Asian and Ottoman matters and

his diplomatic and clandestine activities. e latter has had a different reception dependingon the place: in Britain he was lionized, while in Turkey he has often been considered a spy ordouble agent. He had established contacts with British Foreign Office circles already aroundthe time of his famous travel to Central Asia in 18631864, but these relations only becamefrequent between 1889 and 1913, when he regularly reported to the Foreign Office primarilyabout Ottoman affairs. e most prominent subject of his reports was his regular visits atthe court of Sultan Abdulhamid II and his conversations with him. Acting as an intermediarybetween the British and the Ottomans with the tacit consent of the Sultan, Vmbry intendedto alleviate the conflict over the British occupation of Egypt and possibly forge an anti-Russian

alliance. Nave as he might have been in great power politics and secret diplomacy, Vmbrysreports provide a fascinating insight into the world power maneuveres of the last decades ofthe 19ththrough the first decade of the 20thcentury, a period that decided the fate of empires.e first part of the presentation will give a general outline of the context in which Vmbry, ascion of a poor Jewish family, could fashion himself as an exponent of Hungarian nationalismas well as British and Ottoman interests at the same time. e second part of the presentationwill focus on two files preserved at the Public Record Office in London and outline the maintopics of the correspondence.

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Vmbry, a kzleti szemlyisg

Vmbry rmin letmvnek haznkban taln kevsb ismert aspektusa nemzetkzi politikaijsgri, valamint diplomciai tevkenysge. Ez utbbi megtlse igen szles skln mozgottaz elmlt vszzadban, hiszen mg Nagy-Britanniban hsnek kijr tisztelet vezte a 19. sz-zad msodik felben a magyar kutatt, addig az Oszmn Birodalomban, majd Trkorszgbanegyre inkbb kmnek, ketts gynknek blyegeztk. Vmbry 18631864-es kzp-zsiai uta-zsa sorn s utn kerlt szoros kapcsolatba az angol klgy munkatrsaival, aminek egyeneskvetkezmnye lett, hogy 18891913 kztt lland levelezsben llt a Foreign Office keletigyekkel foglalkoz munkatrsaival. A II. Abdulhamid szultn tudtval s az angolok hallgat-lagos beleegyezsvel vgzett kzvetti munkja ma is vitk trgyt kpezi, m a forrsokblegyrtelmen kiderl, hogy a Brit Birodalom, valamint a keleti kultra irnt egyarnt rajongVmbry clja a civakod angol s trk vezetk kibktse, az Egyiptom krl tmadt ellenttfeloldsa s egy oroszellenes szvetsg ltrehozsa volt. Br a nagypolitika tvesztiben kissesetlenl mozg tuds vgl nem rte el cljt, levelei mgis rendkvl rdekes bepillantst en-gednek a 19. szzad utols vtizednek s a 20. szzad elsveinek birodalmak sorst eldntdiplomciai manverezseibe. Az elads els rsze ltalnos ttekintst kvn adni Vmb-ry rminrl, egy szegny zsid csald gyermekrl, aki egyszerre lett a magyar nacionalizmus

hve, valamint a brit s az oszmn rdekek tmogatja. Az elads msodik rsze a londoniNemzeti Levltr gyjtemnyben rztt anyagot veszi szemgyre, melybl kiderl, Vmbrymilyen fontos gyekben prblt kzvetteni a vilgbirodalmak vitiban.


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vambery armin

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