VAISHALI

ICAR research complex for eastern regionPatna, Bihar

India

SITE SELECTION

Eastern IGP

Eastern UP, Bihar, West Bengal,Nepal tarai region, andBangladesh

It is characterized by high potential but low productivity region.

Study Site

Vaishali District (Bihar)

Vaishali

Represents part of eastern IGP within India. It falls almost in the middle of eastern IGP

Possess almost all the representative characteristics.

Geographical Location

The District is located at 25° to 30° North latitude and 84° to 85° east longitude.

The District is surrounded by River Ganga in south, Gandak in west,District Muzaffarpur in north & District Samastipur in East.

The District is in semi tropical Gangetic plane. The state capital Patna is linked with famous Mahatma Gandhi Setu.

CharacteristicsLow Productivity - Food deficit regionRice productivity – 2.25 t/hawheat productivity 2.12 t/haPoor infrastructure

communication roads power supply

Low inputs fertilizer – 37 kg/hapesticides – 0.04 kg/ha

Rainfall: Medium - High, 1121 mmMore per capita water availability, but available water is under utilized.Irrigated area less than 40%Very few developed irrigation canal networkHigh risk of flooding, poor drainage, water logging /stagnationAbout 4% area is water logged.Labour out migration is a common feature for search of livelihood.

Table 1: Basic Demographic Indicators of Vaishali District

Indicators District

Average annual exponential growth ratePopulation density (per Sq Km)Sex ratio (females per 1000 males)Percent urbanPercent Scheduled castePercent Scheduled tribePercent of literate population age 7+ yearsPersonMaleFemale

2.313329216.920.70.1

51.6364.0038.14

Source : Census, 2001

Land Use: The land use details of the district are as below:

Land use type % of total area

District (Vaishali)

State (Bihar)

Barren and uncultivable land

12.2 4.7

Land put to non-agricultural use

18.0 17.5

Land under miscellaneous trees and groves

4.5 2.5

Current fallow 5.0 6.4

Net area sown 60.3 60.2

HEALTH

DISTRICT HOSPITAL :- 01REFERRAL HOSPITAL :- 02PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE :- 11ADDITIONAL PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE :- 33

HEALTH SUB CENTRE :- 339GRAMIN AUSADHALAY :- 09BLOOD BANK :- 01AIDS CONTROL SOCIETY :- 01

TRAINED NURSES :- 401 TRAINED DOCTORS :- 120

ENERGY & ELECTRICITY

i) LENGTH OF DISTRIBUTION OF NET WORK(a) 33 KVA LINE :- 75 KM.

(b) 11 KVA LINE :- 1050 KM.ii) TOWNS ELECTRIFIED

PERCENTAGE OF TOWN :- 75 %ELECTRIFICATION

VILLAGES ELECTRIFIED :- 536

PERCENTAGE OF VILLAGE ELECTRIFICATION :- 20%

Migration Per capita agricultural income Rs. 1508 Rural poverty : 40.07 %

Out of the total migrants from rural Bihar 77 percent migrate with the hope of getting sufficient employment at enhanced wage rate.

If we ignore the reason of better wages, and limit only to the employment as prime reason for migration, even then almost 38.7 percent migrants fall in this category. These are the migrants who more appropriately may be called as distressed migrants.

Maximum migration has been towards northern and western states like Maharashtra, Punjab, Haryana, Jammu etc.

AGRICULTURE

MAIN CROPS:Paddy, Maize, Wheat, Vegetables, tobacco & oil

crops.

CROPPING INTENSITY: 222 %

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION: 272.46 Thousand MT

CROP ROTATION

(I) PADDY- WHEAT(II) PADDY WHEAT- MAIZE(III) PADDY- MAIZE(IV) PADDY- WHEAT- MUNG(V) TOBACCO- MAIZE(VI) PADDY- POTATO - ONION(VII) PADDY- GRAM/MASUR/TISI

Working population

No. : 782717Main

Cultivators: 210357Agricultural labourers: 232598Household industry workers: 23672Other workers: 157825

MarginalCultivators: 32159Agricultural labourers: 93187Household industry workers: 8968Other workers: 23951

Non Working population: 1935704

Average expenditure per person per month in Bihar (Rs)

Urban Total food 338.30Non food 336.17Total consumption expenditure 674.47Rural Total food 252.17Non food 162.45Total consumption expenditure 414.62

Crop 2000-2001 2001-2002 2002-2003

A P Y A P Y A P Y

PADDY

Garma 300 358 1193 336 691 2057 188 356 1894

Bhadai 12250 19943 1628 14078 18682 1327 168 134 798

Agahani 50324 77664 1543 45097 60793 1348 47937 60804 1268

WHEAT 43299 109076 2519 47415 108512 2289 43369 91786 2116

Barley 407 459 1128 253 442 1747 250 300 1200

MAIZERabi

6606 12849 1945 5360 16380 3056 5677 16282 2868

Garma 9789 26479 2705 12421 38357 3088 12105 48981 4046

GRAM 121 125 1033 354 339 958 107 108 1009

LENTIL 391 355 908 281 217 772 265 149 562

PEA 31 30 968 15 15 1000 27 24 889

ARHAR 1543 1509 978 1366 1339 980 1522 1289 847

Khesari 545 334 613 146 111 760 83 51 614

Green Gram

15866 9266 584 16263 8993 553 16429 8855 539

Potato 7007 42732 6098 6252 42208 6751 6861 45570 6642

Tobacco 7927 9219 1163 6133 6746 1100 6252 7027 1124

Crop 2000-2001 2001-2002 2002-2003A P Y A P Y A P Y

Turmeric 148 164 1108 113 105 929 118 117 992

Sweet potato

665 8056 12114 464 5397 11631 461 6329 13729

Ginger 6 9 1500 0 0 0 0 0 0

Chilli 70 48 686 116 97 836 50 28 560

Sunflower 5 5 1000 5 6 1200 8 9 1125

Castor 6 5 833 0 0 0 0 0 0

GARLIC 53 80 1509 52 79 1519 38 56 1474

Onion 952 6997 7350 674 4314 6401 663 3700 5581

Mustard 2680 1876 700 2430 1562 643 2816 1760 625

Linseed 453 371 819 120 86 717 86 65 756

Coriander 255 104 408 187 108 578 190 111 584

ANIMAL HUSBANDARY

No of Vet nary Hospital :- 22No of Vet nary Sub Center :- 44(a) Plough Animals :- 127542(b) Diary Animal :- 158631

(i) Cattle :- 67216(ii) Buffalos :- 91415

(c) Sheep, Goats & Others :- 171200(d) Poultry :- 63284

THANK YOU