Vaccine Timeline

A Look Through Time

START

Instructions:

For this assignment you will use the following timeline to answer questions 1 and 2. Before answering the questions, be sure to click on each year of the timeline. To answer question 3 you will need to find credible resources dealing with the topic on the internet. This assignment is to be turned in on paper.

1. Why is it possible to eliminate a disease like smallpox but not tetanus?

2. Compare Dr. RRK’s children’s immunization records which can be found within the timeline. For each child list the ages that they received the Hepatitis B vaccine as well as the Chicken Pox (Varicella) vaccine. What accounts for the differences you see in the ages they received them? Are there any vaccines that one child has that another doesn’t, and WHY?

3. Write a paragraph discussing the conditions surrounding the retraction of the Rotavirus vaccine from the market. Can you find specifics as to why the Rotavirus vaccine was initially sent out into the market and then later pulled?

To Timeline

1905Smallpox

1796 Smallpox

1879

Cholera

1881

Anthrax

1882

Rabies

1890

TetanusDiphtheria

1897Plague

1926Pertussis

1927

Tuberculosis

1935

Yellow Fever

1937

Typhus

1945

Influenza

1952

Polio

1964

Measles

1967

Mumps1970

Rubella

1974

Chicken Pox

1977

Pneumonia

1981

Hepatitis B

1972

Smallpox

1971

MMR

1971

• MMR (tri-valent measles/mumps/rubella) licensed.

1972

• U.S. ended routine use of smallpox vaccine

See also 1796 , 1905 , 2003

1992

Alex’s Immunization

1985

HiB

1997

Zach’s Immunization

1998

Rotavirus

1999

Rotavirus

2001

Katie’s Immunization

2003

Smallpox

Today

Immunization standards

1994

Max’s Immunization

1995

Chicken Pox

Back to the start

1995

• Chicken Pox vaccine licensed and put into wide spread use.

See also 1974

2003

• Smallpox vaccine stored in emergency first responder med-kits.

See also 1796 , 1905 , 1972

2001

Katie’s Immunization

1999

• Rotavirus vaccine pulled off market due to significant adverse reactions.

1998

• First vaccine for Rotavirus

Structure of rotavirus obtained by electron cryomicroscopy and computer image processing.

http://www.bcm.tmc.edu/biochem/ biochem_images.html

1994

Max’s immunization

Max with baby Katie

1997

Zach’s Immunizations

1992

• First vaccine for Hepatitis A

Alex’s immunizations

1985

• First vaccine for Haemophilus influenzae B (HiB)

1981

• First vaccine for Hepatitis B

1977

• First vaccine for Pneumonia

1974

• First vaccine for Chicken Pox (Varicella)

See also 1995

1970

• First vaccine for Rubella

1967

• First vaccine for Mumps

1964

• First vaccine for Measles

1952

• First vaccine for Polio

1945

• First vaccine for Influenza

1937

• First vaccine for Typhus

1935

• First vaccine for Yellow Fever

1927

• First vaccine for Tuberculosis

1926

• First vaccine for Pertussis or the Whooping Cough

1890

• First vaccine for Tetanus

• First vaccine for Diphtheria

Tetanus

• Tetanus is a disease caused by the toxin of the bacterium Clostridium tetani that affects the central nervous system, sometimes resulting in death. Spores of the bacterium Clostridium tetani live in the soil and are found around the world. In the spore form, C. tetani may remain dormant in the soil, and it can remain infectious for more than 40 years.

1897

• First vaccine for the Plague

1882• First vaccine for Rabies

1881

• First vaccine for Anthrax

1879

• First vaccine for Cholera

1796

• Smallpox vaccine is created, the first vaccine for any disease.

See also 1905 , 1972 , 2003

1905

• In 1905 the US Supreme Court upholds state law mandating smallpox vaccinations

See also 1796 , 1972 , 2003

Smallpox

• Smallpox is a viral disease unique to humans. It is caused by the variola virus. To sustain itself, the virus must pass from person to person in a continuing chain of infection and is spread by inhalation of air droplets or aerosols.

References

• Smallpox information

– http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/overview/disease-facts.asp

– http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol5no4/henderson.htm

• Tetanus information

– http://www.uhseast.com/14545.cfm

• Vaccine timeline information– http://www.909shot.com/Timeline/timeline.htm

– http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_vaccines

• Images

– http://www.idph.state.il.us/about/vpcd.htm

– Microsoft health clipart collection on-line