v10 cr smart_simple_organs_of_the_digestive_and_excretory_system_upper_grades
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Credits: Ed Cabalang JrTRANSCRIPT
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By
Rebecca K. Fraker
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The Digestive System
• Esophagus• Stomach• Small Intestine• Large Intestine• Liver• Gall Bladder• Pancreas
What has happened to the food you ate today?
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In the Mouth
• Digestion actually begins in the mouth.
• The teeth break the food into smaller pieces, and the tongue moves the pieces around so that saliva can be mixed with them.
• This begins the digestion.• Then swallow, and the
journey begins!
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Esophagus
• About 10” long• Moves food from the
throat to the stomach.– The muscle movement is
called peristalsis.
• Heartburn is when acid from the stomach gets in here.
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Stomach
• Stores the food you eat, breaks it down into tiny pieces.
• Mixes food with digestive juices.
• Acid in the stomach kills bacteria.
• It can stretch and shrink.
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Small Intestine• Small intestines are roughly
22 feet long. “Small” refers to its diameter, not its length.
• Insides are coated with little ‘fingers’ called cilia to increase surface area.
• Nutrients from the food pass into the bloodstream through the small intestine walls.
• You can have pieces removed but it is very hard for your body to get the right nutrients.
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Large Intestine
• About 5 feet long.• Accepts what small
intestines don’t absorb.
• Absorbs water and minerals from the waste matter.
• You can lose a large part of this and still survive.
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Liver
• Directly affects digestion by producing bile.– Bile helps digest fat.
• Processes nutrients in the blood, filters out toxins and waste.
• Is often called the body’s energy factory.
• You cannot live without a liver, although you can live with a part of one.
• Drinking alcohol damages the liver.
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Gall Bladder
• Stores bile from the liver.
• Delivers bile when food is digested.
• Fatty diets can cause gallstones.
• You can live without a gallbladder.
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Pancreas
• Produces compounds to digest fats and proteins.
• Neutralizes acids that enter small intestine.
• Regulates blood sugar by producing insulin.
• If it doesn’t work right you get diabetes.
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Fun Facts
• HOW LONG ARE YOUR INTESTINES? At least 25 feet in an adult. Be glad you're not a full-grown horse -- their coiled-up intestines are 89 feet long!
• Food drying up and hanging out in the large intestine can last 18 hours to 2 days!
• In your lifetime, your digestive system may handle about 50 tons!!
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On a sheet of paper, write the name of each colored organ:
• Green:• Red:• Pink:• Brown:• Purple:• Green:• Yellow:
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Did you get the answers right?
• Green: Esophagus• Red: Stomach• Pink: Small Intestine• Brown: Large Intestine• Purple: Liver• Green: Gall Bladder• Yellow: Pancreas
Great Job!
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References and Links
• Your Digestive System and How It Works: http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/yrdd/Your_Digestive_Sys.pdf
– Digestive system diagram comes from this site
• The Real Deal on the Digestive System
http://kidshealth.org/kid/body/digest_SW_p2.html
• Pancreas: Introduction and Index http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/pancreas/index.html
• Your Gross and Cool Body – Digestive System http://yucky.discovery.com/flash/body/pg000126.html