Report Yo. 51-233 5

V. s . /SOVIET YZLITARY BALANCE S t a t i s t i c a l Trends , 1970-1980

b Y John M . C o l l i n s

Sen io r S p e c i a l i s t i n N a t i o n a l Defense

and Elizabeth Ann Severns

Research A s s i s t a n t

October 1981

UV Gen.

The Congressional Research Service works exclusivelv f'or the Congress, conducting research. analyzing leqslation, and providing information at the request of' committees. Mem- bers, and their staffs.

The Service tnakes such research available, without parti- san bias, in many forms including studies, reports, compila- tions, digests, and background briefings. Upon request. CRS assists committees in analyzing legislative proposals and issues, and in assessing the possible effects of these proposals and their alternatii'es. The Service's senior specialists and subject analysts are also available fhr personal consultations in their respective fields of expertise.

ABSTRACT

This document is a quantitative comparison of U.S. and Soviet armed

forces from 1970 through 1980. It is an update of the summary of force

characteristics and statistical trends published by Congressional Research

Service in 1980.

U.S. /SOVIET MILITARY BALANCE

S t a t i s t i c a l T rends , 1970-1980

MY s t r e n e t h i s a s t h e s t r e n g t h of t e n , because my h e a r t i s pu re .

A 1 f r ed , Lord Tenny son S i r Gal lahad

PREFACE

Gallahad r e p e a t e d l y proved h i s ~ o i n t , which a p p l i e s t o n a t i o n a l power a s

w e l l a s noble k n i g h t s . Long be fo re he made t h a t b o a s t , reams a l r e a d y had been

w r i t t e n about f i n e sma l l f o r c e s t h a t bea t l a r g e r ones i n b a t t l e . The l i s t

c o n t i n u e s t o l eng then .

Neve r the l e s s , numbers d o coun t . Supe r io r weapons and pu re h e a r t s r a r e l y - p r e v a i l , i f t hey a r e few and f i r s t - c l a s s f o e s deploy i n p r o f u s i o n . F u l l y com-

m i t t e d m i l i t a r y machines w i th l i t t l e i n r e s e r v e l a c k s u f f i c i e n t f l e x i b i l i t y t o

cover a s s igned m i s s i o n s , much l e s s major c o n t i n g e n c i e s .

T h i s s t a t i s t i c a l summary of U.S. and Sov ie t Armed S e r v i c e s , which supe r sedes 11 -

i t s p r e d e c e s s o r s , t r a c e s q u a n t i t a t i v e t r e n d s f o r 11 s t r a i g h t y e a r s , from 1970

through 1980. Readers can r e a d i l y s e e which c u r r e n t s a r e s t r o n g , which a r e

weak, which a r e s h i f t i n g , and which a r e s t e a d y . The product a l s o g i v e s some

f e e l f o r r e l a t i v e improvement i n q u a l i t a t i v e t e rms , because b a s i c c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s

of c r i t i c a l components accompanv t a b l e s t h a t conf i rm how f a s t t h e y a r e phas ing

i n and o u t .

11 C o l l i n s , John M . , U.S.-Soviet M i l i t a r y Balance , Rook V I I , S t a t i s t i c a l - Summaries, Washineton, Congre s s iona l Research S e r v i c e , J u l y , 1980, 140 p . ; and C o l l i n s , John M. , U. S.-Soviet M i l i t a r y Balance : C o n c e ~ t s and Capabi l - i t i e s , 1950-1980, Washington, McGraw-Hill P u b l i c a t i o n s , 1980, D. 425-589.

Section A compares U.S. and Soviet manpower. Section B tabulates land,

sea, and air forces across the board. Section C figures what share of those

forces face each other in Europe and the Far East. Section D consolidates data

by organization, rather than function, to isolate respective Military Services

as complete and separate entities (U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine

Corps, for example). Section E recapitulates by country.

Important additions since the last edition include detailed breakouts of

Soviet intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) by model, such as SS-18s,

Mods 1, 2, 3, and 4. Tanks, other armored vehicles, and artillery now are

tallied by type (T-54, T-70, and so on). Major naval surface combatants and

submarine calculations cover ship classes along with categories for all 11

years (SSG, Juliett and Whiskey). Ship assignments by fleet are summarized

for both sides. Refinements are found throughout.

Primary U.S. input was drawn directly from computer printouts prepared by

the Department of Defense and the four Military Services. Defense Intelligence

Agency reviewed Soviet figures. Some data'differ in detail from classified

documents, but patterns portrayed in these pages are dependable.

The compilation is unique, since no other single classified or open source

contains similar summaries that are as complete. It consequently provides

Congress with a sound starting point for quantitative analyses of the U.S./

Soviet military balance and associated issues.

C R S - v i i

CONTENTS AND TABLE NUMBERS

Statistics and Force Characteristics Page .

Preface ................................................................ V A . Manpower Comparisons. 1970-1980 ..................................... 1

1 . Active Military Personnel .................................... 3 2 . Ready Reserves ............................................... 6 3 . Civilian Personnel ........................................... 8 4 . Composite Personnel Strengths ................................ 10

................................... B . Functional Comparisons. 1970-1980 12 .......................... 5 . Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles 14 .......................... . 6 Ballistic Missile Submarine Systems 18 ................................... . 7 Strategic Nuclear Aircraft 23 ........................... 8 . Strategic Offensive Recapitulation 27 ................. . 9 IntermediateIMedium-Range Ballistic Missiles 28

.......................... 10 . Strategic Defensive Missile Systems 30 ....................... 11 . Interceptors and Surveillance Aircraft 32

12 . Army!GroundForces .............................. A . Manpower and Maneuver Units 36

B . Selected Weapons ......................................... 39 .......................... . 13 Marine Ground Forces/Naval Infantry 44

14 . Land Force Recapitulation .................................... 47 ............................. 15 . Land-Oriented Tactical Air Power 58

16 . Naval Aircraft ............................................... 65 17 . Aircraft Carriers ............................................ 70 18 . Cruisers ..................................................... 74 19 . Destroyers and Frigates ...................................... 80 20 . Small Surface Combatants ..................................... 86 21 . Attack Submarines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 22 . Major Combatants By Fleet .................................... 93 23 . U.S. Coast Guard Combatants .................................. 95 24 . Military Airlift ............................................. 98 25 . Merchant Marine .............................................. 101 26 . Amphibious Lift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

.................................. Regional Comparisons. January 1980 107 .................... . 27 ~ATOlWarsaw Pact Forces in Central Europe 108

28 . N ~ ~ ~ / ~ a r s a w Pact Divisions. Detailed Breakout. Center Sector . 110 ........................... . 29 ~ATOlWarsaw Pact Naval Comparisons 113

........................................... . 30 NATO's North Flank 114

........................................... . 31 NATO's South Flank 116 . ........................................ 32 East Asia and Pacific 118 . ...................... 33 U.S. Pacific Command. Detailed Breakout 121

................................. D . Organizational Summaries. 1970-1980 124 . .................................................... 34 U.S. Army 125 . .................................................... 35 U.S. Navy 127 . ............................................... 36 U.S. Air Force 129 . ............................................ 37 U.S. Marine Corps 131

............... . 38 Soviet Strategic Rocket and Air Defense Forces 132 . 39 Soviet Ground Forces ......................................... 133

Page .

40 . S o v i e t Navy .................................................. 134 41 . Sov ie t A i r Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

................................ E . R e c a p i t u l a t i o n by Country. 1970-1980 137 42 . U.S. Armed Forces ............................................ 138 43 . S o v i e t Armed Forces .......................................... 142

Graphs

......................................... 1 . Comparative Manpower 1

2 . S t r a t e g i c Of fens ive Forces ................................... 13

3 . T r i a d s Compared S t a t i s t i c a l l y ................................ 26

4 . A i r Defense Forces ........................................... 29

..................... 5 . Se lec t ed Ground Force S t r e n g t h s Compared 46

................................... 6 . T a c t i c a l A i r Combat Forces 57

............................................. 7 . Naval Combatants 64

.......................................... 8 . A i r l i f t and S e a l i f t 97

Graph 1

COMPARATIVE MANPOWER - -

Stat kt ic al Summary (in Thousands)

(Note Different Scales)

Civilians

1500 !

Active Military Ready Reserves

MiFary Services Security I

Composite Strengths l8,OOO

6,000

5,000

Milita,rized

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r

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8 , 0 0 ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~ , . ~ . : . : , , i i , ~ ~ ~ r l t t ~ ~ I 1 1 ~ ~ ~ m ~ I ~ I ~

lsDtlll~ll '" Military Services

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-

MANPOWER COMPARISONS

1970-1980 Notes on Tables 1-4

Manpower comparisons cover the full range of categories:

Strategic nuclear combat forces include command/control and surveillance

elements. Strategic nuclear support strengths are entirely Air Force

for both sides, since support for ballistic missile submarines cannot

be separated from personnel supporting attack submarines. OASD (MFU&L)

furnished U. S. figures.

Soviet MRBM/IRBM strengths are displayed separately from Strategic

Rocket Forces (SRF), since they are not "strategic" nuclear by U.S.

definition.

Tactical/mobility "combat" forces correspond to the U.S. Defense Plan-

ning and Programming Category (DPPC) that includes land forces, tacti-

cal air forces, naval forces, military airlift, and military sealift,

less support shown in Note 4. The U.S. Coast Guard, with 39,339 mili-

tary personnel and 6,123 civilians as of January 1981, is not shown,

because only a small number represent combat capabilities in the con-

text of this study.

Tactical/mobility "support" forces include auxiliary activities (mili-

tary intelligence, centrally-managed communications, research and devel-

opment, and U.S. geophysical forces); overhead (base operating support,

medical support, training, central administration/logistics); and indi-

viduals (transients, patients, prisoners, trainees, students, and cadets).

U.S. Air Force support excludes elements identified by OASD (MRA&L) as

strategic nuclear support.

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CRS

- 7 -

Table 2 (CONT)

4 4 COW Q 1 m m 4 m m N N N Nr. m

.-I 4 + + I I + I

CRS

Table 3 C I V I L I A N PERSONNEL

( I N THOUSANDS)

CRS

- 9 -

Table 3 (CONT)

e k e L-l k m m cn m m -?

c n m cn w a cu a a a a I I I I

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CRS

- 10 -

Table 4

COMPOSITE PERSONNEL STRENGTHS ACTIVE AND RESERVE MILITARY/SECURITY FORCES, PLUS CIVILIANS

(IN THOUSANDS)

m a m u w m al u a c Ha l u H U N a l

0 U G Z a l 2 . 4 F u O U G ~2 F u - r m G I c h M H d

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CRS

- 11 -

Table 4 (Con ' t )

CRS

- 12 -

FUNCTIONAL COMPARISONS 1970-1980

This s e c t i o n compares U.S. and Sov ie t s t a t i s t i c s a cco rd ing t o f u n c t i o n a l c a t e g o r i e s , r a t h e r t h a n M i l i t a r y S e r v i c e s . The U.S. Army, f o r example, f i t s fundamenta l ly i n t o a c a t e g o r y c a l l e d g e n e r a l purpose l and combat, b u t i t a l s o f u r n i s h e s a few f o r c e s f o r s t r a t e g i c d e f e n s e , l and -o r i en t ed t a c t i c a l a i r oper- a t i o n s , and a i r l i f t . Our Navy, A i r F o r c e , and Marine Corps a r e s i m i l a r l y f r a c t i o n a t e d . So a r e some S o v i e t S e r v i c e s .

S i g n i f i c a n t a d d i t i o n s and recomputa t ions s i n c e t h e l a s t e d i t i o n i n c l u d e :

-- Tab le 5 : Broke o u t Sov ie t ICBMs by Mod; recomputed warhead t o t a l s , 1970-1978.

-- Table 6: Broke o u t U.S. and Sov ie t submarines by c l a s s , 1970-1980.

-- Table 7: Revised U.S. bomber f o r c e l o a d i n g s , 1970-1980; added some ASM c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s .

-- Tab le 10: Refined some d e f e n s i v e m i s s i l e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s .

-- Table 12: Broke o u t t a n k s , APC/AFV, a r t i l l e r y , ATGM l a u n c h e r s , m o r t a r s , SAMs, and SSMs by t y p e , 1970-1980; r e v i s e d U.S. a r t i l l e r y t o t a l s , 1970-1978 and ATGM t o t a l s , 1976-1978; s e p a r a t e d S o v i e t m o r t a r s from a r t i l l e r y , 1970-1980.

-- Table 14: Added M-48A5 t anks and 1 5 5 m a r t i l l e r y t o U.S. weapon c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , a l ong w i t h s e v e r a l S o v i e t ATGMs; added 155mm a r t i l l e r y e f f e c t i v e r ange .

-- Table 15: Added F-16 f i g h t e r s , 1980.

-- Table 16 : Added S o v i e t MI-14 h e l i c o p t e r s , 1976-1980.

-- Tab le s 18 , 19 , 20 now s e g r e g a t e c r u i s e r s , d e s t r o y e r s / f r i g a t e s , and smal l s u r f a c e combatants on s e p a r a t e pages , 1970-1980.

-- Tables 18 , 19 , 21 b r eak o u t major s u r f a c e combatants and a t t a c k subma- r i n e s by c l a s s , 1970-1980.

-- Table 22: Disp lays U.S. and Sovie t nava l d i s p o s i t i o n s by f l e e t .

-- Table 23 : Added Acushnet and C i t r u s medium endurance Coast Guard c u t - t e r s , 1970-1980.

-- Table 24: Added UH-60 Blackhawk h e l i c o p t e r s , 1980; r e v i s e d USMC h e l i - c o p t e r s , 1970-1978; broke o u t S o v i e t h e l i c o p t e r s by c l a s s , 1970-1980.

-- Table 26: Added Sov ie t a i r cu sh ion v e h i c l e s , 1970-1980.

CRS

- 13 -

Graph 2

STRATEGIC OFFENSIVE FORCES Statistical Summary

(Note Different Scales)

ICBMs

3000 o

Bombers

6oo 0

SLBMs I 200

, Nuclear , 12,000

CRS

- 14 -

Table 5

INTERCONTINENTAL BALLISTIC MISSILES

C1 0 0 0 G N O C 0 0 0 a ul N \ D N O O Lrl

4 4 m m N U a m N m U3 4 "

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CRS

- 15 -

Tab le 5 (CONT)

N m Q O N h l Q Q N 0 m m e m o m d m 0 m o m m 1Ci mI-4 N - I0 m Q\ 4-4 I 4 d N 4 m N

I

o a a a a a a a a rl 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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CRS - 16 -

T a b l e 5 ( C o n ' t )

1 / Two damaeed T i t a n s i l o s a r e i n o p e r a b l e . One, a t McConnell AFR, s h o u l d b e b a c k i n - b u s i n e s s by December 1981. The o t h e r , a t L i t t l e Rock A F R , w i l l n o t he r e s t o r e d u n l e s s p l a n s change .

2 / Seven ty SS-11s a r e b e i n g c o n v e r t e d t o SS-19s and a r e n o n - o p e r a t i o n a l . - 3/ SALT 11 r e c o g n i z e s S o v i e t SS-19 ICBMs a s " l i g h t , " a l t h o u g h t h e y a r e much h e a v i e r -

t h a n U.S. Minutemen. H e a v y / l i g h t t o t a l s have been a d i u s t e d a c c o r d i n g l y .

4 / The S o v i e t s have produced some SS-16 I C B M s , b u t none a r e c o u n t e d a s d e p l o v e d . - Moscow a E r e e s n o t t o t e s t , p r o d u c e , o r d e p l o y t h a t m i s s i l e i f t h e SALT I1 P a c t i s a ) p r o v e d .

5 / The t h r e e MRVs on e a c h S o v i e t SS-9 Mod 4 and SS-11 Mod 3 c o u n t a s s i n g l e warheads - i n t h i s summary.

CRS

- 17 -

Table 5 (Con ' t )

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-

Go

lf I

Go

lf

I1

Go

lf

I11

Go

lf

IV

TOTA

L

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

SLB

Ms

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

P

ola

ris

A-2

P

ola

ris

A-3

P

ose

ido

n

Tri

de

nt

I 11

TO

TAL

JET CHANGE

1970-1980

So

vie

t U

nio

n

SS-N

-4

SS

-N-5

SS

-N-6

SS

-N-8

SS

-N-

17

S

S-N

-18

TO

TA

G/

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

WA

RHEA

DS

-

4/

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

M

IRV

5

/ -

Oth

er TO

TAL

So

vie

t U

nio

n

MIR

V

0 th

er TO

TAL

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

1/

Th

e f

ir

st

Tri

de

nt

sub

ma

rin

e,

the

Oh

io,

was

la

un

ch

ed

o

n A

pri

l 7

, 1

97

9.

-

NET

CHANGE

1970-1980

Sea

tr

ials

be

ga

n

in

Ju

ne

19

81

. I

nit

ial

op

era

tio

na

l c

ap

ab

ilit

y

(IO

C)

is

sc

he

du

led

f

or

la

te 1

95

2.

Tw

o P

ola

ris

su

bm

ari

ne

s w

ere

sc

rap

pe

d

in

19

80

. T

hre

e m

ore

a

re

be

ing

c

on

ve

rte

d

to a

tta

ck

su

bm

ari

ne

s.

2/

Fiv

e P

ose

ido

n

sub

ma

rin

es

we

re

ba

ck

fitt

ed

fo

r T

rid

en

t I

mis

sil

es

as

of

Jan

ua

ry 1

, 1

98

1.

-

3/

Th

e S

ov

iets

ha

ve

94

7 SL

BM

s (1

60

MIR

Ved

) fo

r SA

LT

I1

pu

rpo

ses.

T

ha

t e

xc

lud

es

SS

-N-5

s o

n

Go

lf

I1

-

sub

ma

rin

es,

b

ut

inc

lud

es

SS

-N-5

s o

n

nu

cle

ar-

po

we

red

H

ote

l I1

su

bm

ari

ne

s.

41

T

he

thre

e M

RVs

on

Po

lari

s A

-3

and

SS

-FJ-

6 M

od

3 c

ou

nt

as

sin

gle

wa

rhe

ad

s f

or

th

is s

um

mar

y.

-

51

T

rid

en

t I

mis

sil

es

ca

rry

8-1

0

wa

rhe

ad

s.

Th

is

sum

mar

y c

ou

nts

10

, th

e s

ame

as

Po

seid

on

. -

SLBM

war

head

tot

als

wer

e co

mpu

ted

as fo

llow

s fo

r Ja

nu

ary

1

, 1

98

1.

Suhn

anrr

cs

SLBM

s W

arhe

ads

Nr

P(-r

C

lass

N

r.

Stt

btr

mri

!~~

Tota

l Pc

r SL

BM

Tota

l --

T!Iv

-

BY

TY

P

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Ben

jam

in F

rank

lin

3

lam

es M

ad~s

on

2

Ra

n_

]mn

m F

~M

.KII

* 9

<A,,

m+

wh

g

Laf

ayet

te

9 E

than

Alle

n X,

G

eorg

e W

ashi

ngto

n 3

TO

TA

L

36

Sovi

et U

nion

Gol

f I1

H

otel

11

Gol

f IV

Y

anke

e I

Del

ta I

Del

ta 1

1 G

olf

111

Hot

el 1

11

Yan

kee

11

Del

ta 1

11

TO

TA

L

Tri

dent

I??#

hr

-p

ose

I dm

l'o

seid

on

Pose

idon

Po

lari

s A

-3

Pola

ris

A-3

-.-".-

SU

BM

AR

INE

CtIAICZCTERISTICS

Sjw

d

Fw

st

Pow

er

SLB

Ms

To

rpio

rn

Kno

ts

Cla

qs

3rpl

oy~

d Pl

atst

T.Y

P

No.

7

ulm

(s

ubtw

rged

) --

--

-

Un

~te

d Sta

tes

Ben

pm

~n

Fra

nkli

n 19

65

Nuc

lear

P

oser

don

C-3

Ib

't

30

A

~s

wc

s 1~

4d

1;a

f

it

& 1

t96r

h

l&4

(h

Po

Jc

,~~

C-3

16

LT

~~

,"a"

&r

3 0

Laf

ayet

te

1963

N

ucle

ar

Pos

eldo

n C

-3

16

4 30

E

than

Alle

n 19

61

Nuc

lear

P

olan

s A

-3

16

4 30

G

eorg

e W

ashi

ngto

n 19

59

Nuc

lear

P

olan

s A

-3

16

4 30

Sov

iet

Uni

on

Del

ta I

19

73

Nuc

iear

SS

-N-8

12

6

20-3

0 D

elta

II

1973

N

ucle

ar

SS-N

-8

16

6 25

D

elta

111

1977

N

ucle

ar

SS-N

-18

16

6 2

5

Gol

f I

1961

D

iese

l SS

-N-4

3

10

17

C-1

: JI

19

67

Die

sel

SS-N

-5

3 10

17

G

olf

111'

1977

D

iese

l SS

-N-8

6

10

17

Gol

f IV'

1976

D

iese

l S

S-N

-6

4 10

17

H

otel

19

58

Nuc

lear

SS

-N-5

3

10

22

Yan

kee

I 19

67

Nuc

lear

SS

-N-6

16

8

30

Yan

kee

11' 19

77

Nuc

lear

SS

-N-1

7 12

8

30

SL

BM

CH

AR

AC

TE

RIS

TIC

S

Num

ber

RV

s C

EP

F

irst

W

arhe

ad

(Nau

tical

R

ange

D

eplo

yed

Sing

le

MRV

MIR

V

Yiel

d M

iles

) (M

iles

) Pr

opel

lant

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

Pola

ris

A-2

19

62

1 80

0 K

T 0.

5 17

50

Soli

d Po

lari

s A

3

1964

3

200

KT

ea

0.5

2880

So

lid

Pos

eido

n 19

71

10

40 K

T ea

0.

25

2880

So

lid

Tri

dent

I

1979

10

10

0 K

T ea

0.

15

2880

So

lid

Sov

iet

Uni

on

SS

-N-4

19

61

1 1

MT

1.5

300

Soli

d SS

-N-5

19

63

1 1-

2 M

T

1.5

900

Soli

d S

S-N

-6

1968

1

500

KT-

I M

T 0.

7 16

00

Liq

uid

Mod

3

1974

3

500

KT-

1 M

T e

a 0.

7 16

00

Liq

uid

SS-N

-8

1973

1

500

KT-

1 M

T 0.

8 48

00

Liq

uid

SS-N

-17'

19

77

1 50

0 K

T 0.

75

2000

So

lid

SS-N

-18

1977

3

1 M

T

0.75

45

00

Lia

uid

'Gol

f 11

1 an

d IV

sub

mar

ines

are

ess

enti

ally

Gol

f I1

wit

h ne

w m

issi

les.

'Y

anke

e II

is

esse

ntia

lly Y

anke

e I w

ith

a n

ew m

issi

le.

Del

ta I

11 i

s a

new

sub

mar

ine.

3 T

he t

hw

r V

RV

s n

n P

nla

ns

A4

and

SS

N-6

Mo

d 3

cou

nt a

s si

ngle

war

head

s in

thi

s su

mm

ary.

CRS - 23 -

T a b l e 7

STRATEGIC NUCLEAR AIRCRAFT

N 0 0 0 N a O \ D C O O CO m 0 In / E l 2 + I + \D \D + m u url m hl + 02.3 4.4 N u N m

+

CU h m F

\ D o a m o m 0 0 0 m o u u m a \D \Du N hlu CO rl r n d d N - OiO : + -34 m C O r l \D u3 + rl rl +

. .

O T % - -- --

CRS

- 24 -

Table 7 (Con ' t )

BO

MB

ER C

HA

RA

CT

ER

IST

ICS

Unr

efue

ld

Bonr

lt M

ax

Firs

t Co

rnbu

t Rad

ius

Load

S

P~

En

gine

s &

love

d (M

iles

) (L

id

ASM

(M

ach)

N

r ~'

VP

C

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

B-5

2 C'

1959

33

85

W70

,000

SR

AM

0.

95

8 k

t

FB-1

11

1969

15

56

13,5

00

SRA

M

2.5

2 le

t S

ovie

t Uni

on

h

TU-9

5 &a

? 19

55

. 39

00

35,0

00

AS-

3 0.

78

4 T

urbo

-pro

p M

YA

-4 B

ison

19

56

3000

20

,000

0.

87

4 k

t

W-2

6 ~

ackf

ire-

B3

1974

25

00

10.0

00

A- 2.

5 2

Jet

TA

NK

ER

CH

AR

AC

TE

RIS

TIC

S

Max

U

nrcf

uele

d Tr

ansf

erab

le F

uel

Firs

t Sp

eed

Rang

e (M

etri

c To

ns)

De~

lo~

ed

(mph

) (m

iles)

m

ax.

1600

nm

rad

ius

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

KC

-135

19

57

585

1150

75

45

S

ovie

t Uni

on

MY

A-4

B

ison

19

54

625

7000

70

35

TU

-16

Bad

ger

1954

59

0 30

00

25

12

AIR

-TO

-SU

RFA

CE

MIS

SILE

CtlA

RA

CT

ER

lS'I'

ICS

Firs

t W

nrlie

ad

Rarig

e G

uid

ance

, sp

ee

d-

Dri

~luy

ed

Yiel

d (M

ilss

) (M

ac

h)~

W

arh

ead

.

. --

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

L

ine

rti

al

wit

h

SRA

M

1972

20

0 KT

1

0

terr

ain

cle

ara

nc

e 3

.5+

n

uc

lea

r se

nso

r

Sov

iet U

nion

19

61

1 M

T 400

Pro

gra

mm

ed

AS

3 K

ange

roo

2.0

n

uc

lea

r A

%

Kitc

hen

1967

?

KT

300

Pro

gra

mrn

ed/H

om

ing

3

.3

HE

Inu

cle

ar

AS

-6 K

ingf

ish

1970

I

MT

200

Pro

gra

mm

ed

/~o

min

~ 3.0

.-

HE

/nu

cle

ar

'55

2G

com

ba

t ra

dius

refle

cts

ma

xim

um

hig

h a

ltitu

de m

issi

on a

rmed

wit

h a

vera

ge lo

ad o

f honR

rj a

nd

SR

AM

s. R52H r

adiu

s u

nd

er

thos

e co

nditi

ons

is 1060

naut

ical

mile

s. F

E-1

I1 ra

dius

is w

ith

SR

AM

s onl

y. T

he 1

550-

mile

com

bat

radi

us w

ou

ld b

e re

duce

d it

the

Itm

d w

ere

11.5

00 Ib

s o

f nuc

lear

bom

bs.

'Bea

r re

port

edly

has

a 2

700

naut

ical

mile

ran

ge b

elow

1,0

00 te

et.

'Bac

kfire

ch

arac

teris

tics

are

bas

ed o

n a

hi-

bh

i mis

sion

pro

file,

wit

ho

ut

exte

rnal

wea

pons

.

Graph 3

TRIADS COMPARED STATISTICALLY Statistical Summary (Note Different Scales)

DELIVERY United States

2500

Soviet Union

3000 0

NUCLEAR United States

WEAPONS Soviet Union

LAUNCHERS

United States

ICBM

SLBM

BOMBERS

TOTAL

Soviet Union

ICBM

SLBM

BOMBERS

TOTAL

U.S.

Standing

WEAPONS

Ballistic Missiles

United States

ICBM

SLBM

TOTAL

Soviet Union

ICBM

SLBM

TOTAL

U.S.

Standing

Bombs/ASMs

United States

Soviet Union

JET

CH

ANG

E 1970-1980

- 2

-80

-9 3

-

-175

-2 9

+

697

+ 75

-

-743

-918

+lo

78

+

4240

+53

18

+35

75

+lo

17

+45

92

+ 72

6

+ 66

6 +

15

0

CRS

-27a-

T a b l e 8 ( ( ; ~ N T )

CRS -28-

Table 9

INTERMEDIATE/MEDIUM-RANGE BALLISTIC MISSILES

Graph 4

AIR DEFENSE FORCES Statistical Summary

(Note Different Scales)

Surface-to-Air Missiles

I

U.S. DYAD 15,000

Interceptor Aircraft

Soviet DYAD

5r000 o

CRS

T a b l e 1 0 STRATEGIC DEFENSIVE M I S S I L E SYSTEYS

- G a r & q.7- s m N m m . 7 5 7 a J a J L m 8 L O . 7 T L aJ at' L C , O \ + 'E aJ 3 L 8 O U C , - C , W .r u aJ C,.? r m I I r n C , U U ~ m n n r 5 s

3 0 3 x 3 U Z L m m s o u aJ -"XI-

MIS

SIL

E C

HA

RA

CFE

RlS

TlC

S

Nr

. Sl

ant

Com

bat

Fir

st

Rails,

TYF

Ra nx

e C

eilin

g h

un

ch

Dep

love

d A

rnrs

W

arhe

ad

(nlil

es)

(Fee

t)

Site

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Haw

k N

ike

Her

cule

s B

orna

rc

1960

3

HE

25

Lo-

Med

M

obile

19

58

1 H

E,

Nuk

e 10

0 10

0,00

0 .!

hi. m o b

11 Q

1958

1

HE

, N

uke

2004

U0

70,0

00

Fixe

d

Sovi

et U

nion

m

ABM

A

BM-1

G

alos

h 1%

4 1

Nuk

e 35

0 Fi

xed

SAM

SA

-1 G

uild

19

56

1 H

E,

Nuk

e 2 5

F

ixed

SA

-2 G

uide

line

1958

1

HE

, N

uke

3 0

Med

-80,

000

Fixe

d SA

-3 G

oa'

1961

2A

H

E,

Nuk

e 15

~

,O

oo

M

obiie

SA

-5 G

amm

on

1963

1

HE

, N

uke

175

95,000

Fixe

d

'An

impr

oved

ver

sion

of

SA-3

, fir

st d

ispl

ayed

in 1

%7,

m

ay h

ave

a nu

clea

r w

arhe

ad. A

Cra

il ve

rsio

n he

gan

repl

acin

g th

e st

anda

rd 2

-rai

l system

begi

nnin

g in

197

3.

INTE

RC

EPTO

RS

Un

ite

d S

tate

s -

11

A

cti

ve

F-

106

De

lta

Da

rt

F-10

2 D

elt

a D

agge

r F-

101

Voo

doo

TOTA

L -

21

Na

tio

na

l G

uard

F-

4 P

hant

om

F-10

6 D

elt

a D

art

F-

102

De

lta

Dag

ger

F-10

1 V

oodo

o y

TOTA

L

GRAN

D TO

TAL

So

vie

t U

nion

M

IG-1

7 F

resc

o

MIG

-19

Far

mer

M

IG-2

3 F

log

ge

r 41

M

IG-2

5 F

oxba

t 57

SU

-9

Fis

hp

ot

SU-1

5 F

lag

on

TU

-28

Fid

dle

r YA

K-25

F

lash

1 ig

ht

YAK-

28

Fir

eb

ar

TOTA

L

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

NET

CHAN

GE

1970

-1 980

Su

rve

illa

nc

e -

5/

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

E

C-1

21

EL

Co

yo

te

E3A

S

en

try

SR

-71

Bla

ck

bir

d

U-2

To

tal

So

vie

t U

nio

n

TU

-126

M

oss

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

NET C

HANGE

19

70

-80

1/

Fig

ure

s ab

ov

e re

fle

ct

Pri

ma

ry

Air

cra

ft

Au

tho

riz

ati

on

(P

AA

) o

nly

. -

2/

Th

irty

-six

a

cti

ve

U.S

. F

-4s

are

de

dic

ate

d

to

str

ate

gic

ai

r d

efe

nse

. N

one

are

in

CO

NU

S,

24

ar

e

-

in A

lask

a,

12

in

Ic

ela

nd

. A

n a

ug

me

nta

tio

n f

orc

e o

f 1

60

F-4

s,

and

F

-15

s fr

om

th

e A

ir F

orc

e,

Nav

y an

d M

arin

e C

orp

s p

res

en

tly

pro

vid

es

a b

ack

up

. N

one

of

tho

se

air

cr

af

t sh

ow

o

n

this

ch

art

.

3/

Th

ree

sq

ua

dro

ns

of

Can

adia

n

F-l

Ols

, w

hic

h

tota

l a

bo

ut

44

a

irc

ra

ft,

a

re a

ssig

ne

d t

o N

ort

h

Am

eric

an

-

Air

Def

ense

(N

OR

AD

). T

hey

co

mp

lem

ent

U.S

. c

ap

ab

ilit

ies

by

c

ov

eri

ng

no

rth

ern

ap

pro

ac

he

s to

th

e

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

wh

ich

s

tre

ng

the

n d

efe

nse

-in

-de

pth

. 4

/ M

IG-2

3 an

d M

IG-2

5 a

re t

he

on

ly

inte

rce

pto

r a

irc

ra

ft

pre

se

ntl

y

be

ing

pro

du

ce

d

for

So

vie

t a

ir

de

fen

se

-

squ

ad

ron

s.

5/

EC

-121

an

d

E3A

a

re s

ame

air

cr

af

t sh

ow

n

on

T

ab

le

15

. -

AIR

CR

AFT

CH

AR

AC

TE

RIS

TIC

S - -

- - - -

--

-

-

--

Com

bat'

Max

IN

TE

RC

EPT

OR

S T-

ypic

nl A

rmam

ent

Firs

t N

r le

t Ra

drus

Sp

eed

. D

eplo

yed

Engines

(M11

e.s)

(M

ach)

G

uns

hli

~.i

Ls

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

F-10

6 D

elta

Dar

t 19

59

1 600

2.0

0

4 A

IM-Q

FIG

, 1

AIR

-2

F-10

2 D

elta

Dag

ger

1959

1

450

1.5

0 3

AIM

-QC

ID, 1

AIM

-26

F-10

1 V

oodo

o 19

58

2 40

0 1.

8 0

2 A

IM-Q

D.

2 A

IR-2

Sov

iet U

nion

M

IC-1

7 Fr

esco

M

IG1

9 F

arm

er

MI6

23

Flo

gger

M

IG2

5 F

oxba

t SU

-9

Fish

pot

SU-1

5 Fl

agon

TU

-28

Fidd

ler

YA

K-2

5 Fl

ashl

ight

Y

AK

-28

Fire

bar

300

Sub

soni

c 300

1 .o

700

2.5

500

3.2

685

2.2

800

2.5

1.7

Sub

soni

c 57

5 1.

1

3x23

mm

3x

30 m

m

Cat

ling

0 0 0 0

2x37

mm

0

2 A

toll

2 A

pex,

2 A

phid

4

Acr

id

4 A

lkal

i 2

Ana

b 4

Ash

2

(Mix

ed)

2 A

nab,

2 A

toll

SUR

VE

ILL

AN

CE

Fi

rst

Dep

loye

d M

nx S

peed

Se

rvic

e C

eilin

g R

~~

XC

C

rew

fm

t?lO

f f

eet)

(t

tdrs

)

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

EC-1

21 E

l C

oyot

e 19

55

E-3A

S

entr

y 19

77

SR-7

1 B

lack

bird

19

66

U-2

19

57

Sovi

et U

nion

TU

-126

M

OSS

19

70

525

35.0

00

4500

12

-14

'Com

bat r

adiu

s is

wit

h ex

tern

al f

uel

tank

s.

AIR

-TO

-AIR

MIS

SIL

EIR

OC

KE

T C

HA

RA

CT

ER

IST

ICS

Firs

t R

ange

Sp

eed

War

head

D

eplo

yed

G u i

danc

c (M

iles

) (M

ach)

T

ype

Yiel

dlW

eigh

t

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

Roc

kets

A

IR-2

G

enie

h

1957

N

un

e

6 3.

0 N

ucle

ar

1.5

KT

Mis

sile

s A

IM4C

.D F

alco

n 19

56

Infr

ared

6

2.0

AIM

4F,G

Fal

con

1960

R

adar

7

2.5

AIM

-26A

Sup

erfa

lcon

19

60

Rad

ar

5 2.

0 A

IM-2

68 S

uper

falc

on

1963

R

adar

5

2.0

HE

HE

40 I

bs

Nuc

lear

HE

1

Sov

iet U

nion

A

A-1

Alk

ali

1960

R

adar

, IR

5

1-2

HE

30 i

bs

AA

-3

Ana

b 19

61

Rad

ar,

IR

15

2.5

HE

80 1

bs

AA

-5

Ash

19

65

Rad

ar,

IR

15

2.5

HE

150

lbs

AA

-6 A

crid

19

70

Rad

ar,

IR

15

2.2

HE

90 I

bs

AA

-7

Ape

x 19

74

Rad

ar,

IR

15

3.0

HE

100

Ibs

AA

-8 A

phid

19

75

Rad

ar,

1R

3-4

3,O

HE

20 I

bs

- i-t V

MIL

ITA

RY

M

AN

POW

ER I/

To

tal

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

S

ov

iet

Un

ion

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

De

plo

ya

ble

2/

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

S

ov

iet

Un

ion

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

DIV

ISIO

NS

U

nit

ed

S

tate

s

Ac

tiv

e

3/

~r

mo

r

Mec

han

ized

In

fan

try

A

ir A

ssa

ult

A

irb

orn

e

Tri

ca

p

TOTA

L

So

vie

t U

nio

n

31

C

ate

go

ry I

-II -

Tan

k

Mo

tor

Rif

le

Air

bo

rne

TO

TAL

Ac

tiv

e C

at

I-II

U

. S

. S

tan

din

g

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

N

ati

on

al

Gu

ard

21

Arm

ore

d

Mec

han

ized

In

fan

try

TO

TAL

NET

CHANGE

1970-1980

So

vie

t U

nio

n

Ca

teg

ory

I1

1 4

1 T

ank

M

oto

r R

ifle

A

irb

orn

e

TOTA

L

U. S

. S

tari

din

g

GRA

ND

TO

TAL

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

S

ov

iet

Un

ion

U.

S .

Sta

nd

ing

SEPA

RA

TE

BR

IGA

DES

U

nit

ed

S

tate

s

Ac

tiv

e 5

1 A

rmor

In

fan

try

A

irm

ob

ile

61

Air

Ca

va

lry

TO

TAL

Re

serv

e I

/ A

mo

r M

ech

aniz

ed

Infa

ntr

y

Air

bo

rne

TO

TAL

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

So

vie

t U

nio

n

SEPA

RA

TE

REG

IMEN

TS

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

A

rmo

red

C

av

alr

y

Ac

tiv

e

Re

serv

e

TOTA

L

So

vie

t U

nio

n

IET

C-H

AN

GE

1970

-198

0

+2

+3

2% +5 - 5

Pa

r +

14 -

-14

Pa

r - 1

Pa

r +

1

Pa

r

+3

+

5 - 7

- 1

-

.,P

ar

Pa

r

Pa

r - 2

par - 2

par

1/

Ac

tiv

e m

ilit

ary

man

po

wer

o

nly

. F

igu

res

ar

e i

n t

ho

usa

nd

s.

(Se

e

Ta

ble

1 f

or

So

vie

t m

ilit

ari

ze

d

-

se

cu

rity

fo

rce

s i

n t

he

KG

B

and

MV

D).

2/

De

plo

ya

ble

man

pow

er

ex

clu

de

s h

igh

co

mm

and

an

d

ge

ne

ral

su

pp

ort

, b

ut

inc

lud

es

U.S

. f

ield

com

man

ds

-

and

m

issi

on

-ori

en

ted

b

as

e o

pe

rati

ng

fo

rce

s.

3/

U.S

. a

cti

ve

div

isio

ns

ar

e r

ou

gh

ly

co

mp

ara

ble

to

So

vie

t C

ate

go

rie

s 1-1

1.

-

41

U.S

. N

ati

on

al

Gu

ard

d

ivis

ion

s a

re

a

res

erv

e

com

po

nen

t.

Un

de

rstr

en

gth

S

ov

iet

Ca

teg

ory

I1

1

div

isio

ns

, -

som

e o

f w

hic

h

are

sim

ply

ca

dre

s,

ar

e "

ac

tiv

e"

. T

hey

a

re

, h

ow

ev

er,

ro

ug

hly

c

om

pa

rab

le.

As

man

y a

s

10

unm

anne

d "

mo

bil

iza

tio

n

div

isio

ns

"

may

b

e

co

nv

ert

ing

to

Ca

teg

ory

111.

If

s

o,

the

So

vie

t d

ivis

ion

to

tal

wi

ll

jum

p fr

om

1

73

to

18

3.

,i/

-

Th

ree

ac

tiv

e U

.S.

infa

ntr

y b

rig

ad

es

s

ati

sf

y s

pe

cia

l m

iss

ion

s

in

Ala

ska

, B

erl

in,

and

P

anam

a.

One

in

fan

try

an

d

on

e a

rmo

red

b

rig

ad

e

su

pp

ort

s

ch

oo

ls

at

Fo

rt

Be

nn

ing

an

d

Fo

rt K

no

x.

On

ly

the

ai

r

ca

va

lry

bri

ga

de

is

cu

rre

ntl

y u

nc

om

mit

ted

.

61

O

ne

ac

tiv

e a

irm

ob

ile

bri

ga

de

s

erv

ed

te

st

pu

rpo

ses

in

19

72

. It

the

n j

oin

ed

th

e

lOls

t A

irb

orn

e

-

Div

isio

n

(Air

A

ss

au

lt).

71

D

oes

n

ot

inc

lud

e

fou

r R

ese

rve

Co

mp

on

ent

"ro

un

do

ut"

b

rig

ad

es

, w

hic

h

ar

e i

de

nti

fie

d w

ith

th

e

-

5th

, 7

th.

24

th a

nd

2

5th

Ac

tiv

e

div

isio

ns

, o

r t

he

33

rd

Infa

ntr

y B

rig

ad

e,

wh

ich

is

sla

ted

to

su

pp

ort

a

s

erv

ice

sc

ho

ol.

GRO

UN

D

COM

BAT

WEA

PON

S H

eavy

/Med

ium

T

ank

s 1/

Un

ite

d S

tate

s

M-

1

M-6

0 A

l/A

3

M-6

0 A

2 M

L48

(Les

s A

5s)

M

-48

A5

To

tal

So

vie

t U

nion

JS

-3

T- 1

OM

T-5

4/55

T

-62

T-6

4 T-

72 T

ota

l

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

Lig

ht

Tan

ks

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

S

he

rid

an

-

2/

So

vie

t U

nio

n

PT-

76

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

APC

/AFV

31

u

nit

ed

-sta

tes

M-1

13

NET

CHAN

GE

19

70

-19

80

+26

+

4486

+

540

-539

7 +

I80

9

+I4

64

-20

00

+

loo

0

-30

00

+

6000

+

5000

+

3000

+

m

-85

36

- 1

00

- 10

00

+90

0

+3

25

0 --

CRS

- 40 -

T a b l e 12-B (Con't)

0 0 0 0 0 0 00010 0 0 O r - O r - N m

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

An

tita

nk

Gu

ided

M

iss

ile

La

un

ch

ers

-

41

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

D

rag

on

TO

W T

ota

l

So

vie

t U

nio

n

, P

rim

ary

I

Se

co

nd

ary

T

ota

l U

. S

. S

tan

din

g

Hea

vy

M

ort

ars

5

1

Un

ite

d

sta

tes

S

ov

iet

Un

ion

12

0mm

24

0mm

T

ota

l

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

Su

rfa

ce

-to

-Su

r fa

ce

M

iss

ile

s 6

/ u

nit

ed

-sta

tes

Pe

rsh

ing

I

La

nc

e

Ho

nes

t Jo

hn

T

ota

l

NET

CHANGE

19

70

-19

80

So

vie

t U

nio

n

SS

-12

Sc

ale

bo

ard

S

S-2

1

Scu

d

7 /

-

Fro

g T

ota

l

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

Air

D

efe

nse

Wea

po

ns

SAM

L

au

nc

he

rs

un

ite

d

Sta

tes

',H

awk

8/

Vik

e H

erc

ule

s

Ch

ap

arr

al

To

tal

So

vie

t U

nio

n

SA-4

SA

- 6

SA-8

SA

-9 T

ota

l

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

AA

G

un

s U

nit

ed

S

tate

s

Vu

lcan

-SP

V

ulc

an-T

ow

ed

To

tal

NET

CH

ANG

E 19

70-1

980

AA

G

UN

S (C

on

't)

So

vie

t U

nio

n 9

1 ZS

U

57

12

ZS

U

2314

ZU

23

12

57m

m

S-6

0 85

/100

mm

KS

12

1 1

9

To

tal

U . S

. S

tan

din

g- I

NET

CHANGE

1970-1980

Sli

gh

tly

mor

e th

an

ha

lf

of

al

l U

.S.

med

ium

ta

nk

s a

re a

ssig

ne

d

to c

omba

t u

nit

s.

Mos

t S

he

rid

an

s no

lo

ng

er

hav

e o

pe

rati

on

al

mis

sio

ns.

T

he

re i

s o

ne

ac

tiv

e b

att

ali

on

(5

4)

and

on

e re

se

rve

tro

op

(1

2).

2

An

ad

dit

ion

al

35

0 h

ave

bee

n

ide

nti

fie

d f

or

the

Arm

y N

ati

on

al

Tra

inin

g C

en

ter.

0-

l-

So

vie

t fi

gu

res

in

clu

de

wh

eele

d

ve

hic

les.

T

he

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

ha

s n

o

co

un

terp

art

s.

ID

I ~3

- *F

U.S

. A

TGM

s h

ave

on

e t

ub

e e

ac

h.

The

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

had

m

iss

ile

s b

ut

no

la

un

ch

ers

un

til

19

72

. A

nti

tan

k m

issi

on

s a

re

N

um

se

co

nd

ary

fo

r BM

P, BM

D,

and

BR

DM

co

mb

at

ve

hic

les

th

at

mou

nt

ATG

Ms.

Man

y a

re o

n m

ult

iple

r

ail

s.

I m

l U

. S

. h

eav

y m

ort

ars

a

re

4.2

-in

. -

Su

rfa

ce

-to

-su

rfa

ce

ta

cti

ca

l m

iss

ile

s e

xc

lud

e m

ediu

m-

and

in

term

ed

iate

-ra

ng

e

ba

llis

tic

mis

sil

es

, w

hic

h

show

on

C

3 0

Ta

ble

9.

E

ntr

ies

in

dic

ate

la

un

ch

ers

. H

on

est

Joh

ns

are

no

lo

ng

er

in

th

e U

.S.

inv

en

tory

, b

ut

are

re

tain

ed

by

3 -

som

e U

.S.

all

ies

. rt

V

Abo

ut

on

e-f

ou

rth

w

ere

SCU

D-A

s i

n 1

97

0 (

ran

ge

ab

ou

t 5

0 m

ile

s).

SCU

D-B

(r

an

ge

18

5 m

ile

s)

rep

lac

ed

th

em

al

l b

y 1

97

5.

Haw

k fi

gu

res

th

rou

gh

19

78

in

clu

de

to

tal

inv

en

tory

, le

ss

48

la

un

ch

ers

de

dic

ate

d

to N

ORAD

fo

r CO

NU

S d

efe

nse

. T

ho

se

48

la

un

ch

ers

sw

itc

he

d

to t

he

ge

ne

ral

pu

rpo

se

po

ol

in

19

79

. Tw

o a

dd

itio

na

l b

att

ali

on

s o

f 27

la

un

ch

ers

ea

ch

wer

e a

cti

va

ted

at

th

at

tim

e.

So

vie

t s

tati

sti

cs

fo

r y

ea

rs 1

97

0-1

97

5

ar

e n

ot

av

ail

ab

le.

Net

ch

ang

e is

fro

m 1

97

6 t

o 1

98

0.

U.S

. st

an

din

g a

nd

n

et

chan

ge

are

ca

lcu

late

d

on

ch

ang

e fr

om

19

76

to

19

80

.

MIL

ITA

RY

MA

NPO

WER

;/ -

To

tal

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

S

ov

iet

Un

ion

21

U . S

. S

tan

din

g

De

plo

ya

ble

U

nit

ed

S

tate

s 3

/ S

ov

iet

Un

ion

L/

3.S

. S

tan

din

g

DIV

ISIO

NS

U

nit

ed

S

tate

s

Ac

tiv

e

Re

serv

e

TOTA

L

So

vie

t U

nio

n

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

SEPA

RA

TE

REG

IMEN

TS

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

S

ov

iet

Un

ion

11

. S

. S

tan

din

g

NET

CH

ANG

E 1970-1980

-54

par

-54

-24

par

- 24

Pa

r par

Pa

r

va

r

Pa

r

ear + 1

-

-1

CRS - 4 5 -

T a b l e 13 ( c o n ' t )

0 . T Q COL 0 0 0 0 O N N . 3 m a m m ~3 d m + - a + + + + W + + +

Q . T Q COO r.lnr. 3

0 0 0 0 o m m CO

lnCON Q N r. i

a m 0 O W WNLn 3

m o m 0 b a r . m N O

. T m N 3 r.

3 Q

0 [I)

CRS

- 46 -

Graph 5

SELECTED GROUND FORCE STRENGTHS COMPARED Statistical Summary1

(Note Different Scales)

Deployable Manpower (IN THOUSANDS)

Field Artiiery

3o , (IN THOrANDS)

Heavy and Medium Tanks (IN THOUSANDS)

50

" U.S. includes Army and Marines. " ARNG is Army National Guard: USMCR is Marine Corps Reserve.

ARNGIUSMCR

CRS

- 47 -

Table 14

LAND FORCE RECAPITULATION ARMYIGROUND FORCES PLUS MARINESINAVAL INFANTRY

N O N m m w m N Jm

1 + 1

0

3 * N o 3 w 21s m a - _I JN 7 21: q 4 4 4 I +

I

L O h oI 7

0 0 - m o m w 0 0 a m a 2

I n - N 4 o m

CC4m rn -I* z - -1; O-r/c 6 $19 W.q$ 4- m e 4 4 c \ l o C a

N 3 4 I * m 4 m h l

I I

U. S

. GR

OUND

CO

MBA

T SY

STEM

C

HA

RA

CT

ER

IST

ICS

Com

bat

Roa

d P

rim

ary

Arm

F

irs

t W

eig

ht

Sp

eed

R

ang

e R

ang

e C

rew

/ C

BR

D

eplo

yed

(T

on

s)

(mph

) (M

ile

s)

Typ

e (M

eter

s)

Pa

sse

ng

ers

P

rote

cti

on

ARM

OR

Tan

ks

M-4

8A5

19

75

5

4

30

310

1 05

mm

2

,00

0 L

/ 4

No

M

-48A

3 1

96

3

52

30

3

10

90m

m

90

0

4

No

M-6

0A2

19

71

5

7

30

2 80

15

2mm

1

,50

0

4 No

M

-60A

1 ,A

3 1

96

1/1

97

6

53

30

3

10

10

5mm

2

,00

0

4

No

Sh

e rid

an

1

96

6

16

4

3 37

5 15

2mm

1

,50

0

4

No

Sh

ille

lag

h

3,0

00

XM-

1

19

80

6

2

45

27

5 10

5mm

2

,00

0 L

/ 4

Y

es

AP

C/L

VT

P -

31

M

-113

1

96

2

12

40

30

0 5

0 c

al

mg

1,0

00

1

18

LV

TP-

7

19

72

2 5

4

0

300

50

ca

l m

g 1

,00

0

3/2

5

. .

1/

Ki

ll

pro

ba

bil

ity

d

imin

ish

es

sig

nif

ica

ntl

y b

eyo

nd

2

,00

0

me

ters

, a

lth

ou

gh

th

e l

as

er

ran

ge

-fin

de

r re

ac

he

s 4

,40

0

o

-

=I

me

ters

an

d

arm

or-

pie

rcin

g

fin

sta

bil

izin

g d

isc

ard

ing

sa

bo

t (A

PF

SD

S)

amm

un

itio

n is

eff

ec

tiv

e t

o a

bo

ut

11

,00

0

- rt

w

me

ters

.

2/

Sh

ille

lag

h r

an

ge

is l

imit

ed

by

the

in

fra

red

gu

ida

nc

e b

eam

. -

31

LVTP

sp

eed

in

wa

ter

is

7.5

k

no

ts;

en

du

ran

ce

at

se

a 1

5 h

ou

rs.

-

U.S

. G

RO

UN

D

COM

BAT

SYST

EM

CH

AR

AC

TE

RIS

TIC

S (C

on

't)

Eff

ec

tiv

e R

ang

e (m

ete

rs)

Nu

cle

ar

Typ

e T

ran

spo

rt

Re

gu

lar

Wit

h

Rap

L/

Cap

able

AR

TILL

ERY

1

75

m

Gun

S

P

32

,80

0

N A

No

8

-in

M

-110

H

ow

SP

16

,80

0

22

,40

0

Yes

8

-in

M

-llO

A1/

2 H

ow

S P

23

,20

0

29

,60

0

Yes

15

5mm

M

-10

9A

1/2

/3

How

S

P

18

,00

0

24

,30

0

Yes

1

5 5m

m

M-

19

8

How

T

owed

2

2,4

00

3

0,1

00

Y

es

15

5m

M-1

14

How

T

owed

1

4,6

00

2

1,4

00

Y

es

105m

m M

-101

H

ow

SP

11

,50

0

N A

No

105m

m M

-102

H

ow

Tow

ed

11

,00

0

N A

No

I I

AN

TITA

NK

E

ffe

cti

ve

G

UID

ED

R

ange

W

eig

ht

MIS

SIL

ES

T

ype

Ca

lib

er

(Met

ers)

G

uid

ance

(l

bs

) C

rew

Dra

go

n

Med

ium

5

-in

1,

000m

W

ire

30

.5

1

TOW

H

eavy

5

.8-i

n.

3,75

0m

Wire

22

.8

4

11 R

AP

=R

ocke

t A

ssis

ted

Pro

jec

tile

-

SOV

IET

GR

OU

ND

CO

MB

AT

SY

STE

M C

HA

RA

CT

ER

IST

ICS

Com

bot

Roa

d P

drna

ry A

nn

F

irst

W

eigh

t S

peed

A

ux T

anks

R

ange

C

rew

1 C

BR

D

cpb

vcd

W

ow

) (m

ph)

(Mil

es)

TW

(M

ete

n)

Pas

smg

en

Pm

tect

ion

AR

MO

R

TAN

KS

T-72

1975

45

30

280

12

5 111

m

2,0

00

3

Yes

T

-64

19

73

3 4

3

1

280

1 2 5m

m

2,0

00

3

Ye

s '

T-62

1962

4

0

30

31

0 llS

rnm

1,

soo

4 Y

es

T-5

5 19

61

40

30

375

lOO

mm

1,o

Oo

4 Y

es

BTR

- 152

19

59

9 45

390

Non

e 19

N

o BT

R-S

OP

1957

15

25

17

0 N

one

22

Yes

BT

R-6

OP

1961

10

48

300

Non

e 16

Y

es

BMP

1067

14

40

24

0 73

mm

l.o

O0

11

Yes

Sa

gger

AT

3,00

0

So

vie

t G

rou

nd

C

om

bat

S

yst

em

Ch

ara

cte

ris

tic

s

(co

n'

t)

Eff

ec

tiv

e

Ran

ge

Nu

cle

ar

Ty

pe

Tra

nsp

ort

(M

ete

rs)

Ca

pa

ble

AR

TIL

LE

RY

2 4

Omm

20

3mm

18

0mm

l5

2mm

1

5 2m

m

152m

rn

1 30

mm

12

2mm

1

2 2m

m

lOO

mm

How

G

un/H

ow

Gun

G

un/H

ow

Gun

/How

H

ow

Gun

H

ow

How

G

U~

/AT

Tow

ed,

SP

T

owed

T

owed

T

owed

S

P T

owed

T

owed

S

P T

owed

T

owed

Yes

Y

es

Yes

N

o N

o N

o N

o N

o N

o N

o

AN

TITA

NK

G

UlD

ED

M

ISS

ILE

S

Ty

pe

Sa

gg

er

Med

ium

S

wa

tte

r H

eavy

S

pig

ot

Med

ium

S

pa

nd

rel

Hea

vy

Sp

ira

l H

eavy

Eff

ec

tiv

e

Ran

ge

Fli

gh

t T

ime

Wei

gh

t N

umbe

r C

ali

be

r (M

ete

rs)

(Max

Ran

ge)

G

uid

an

ce

(l

bs

) R

ail

s

4.7

- in

. 3

,00

0

25

se

co

nd

s W

ire

25

lo

nB

MP

, 6

on

BR

DM

5

.5-i

n.

2,5

00

2

5

sec

on

ds

Ra

dio

4

5

4 o

n B

RDM

4

.7-i

n.

2,0

00

1

5 s

ec

on

ds

Wir

e

30

1

, M

anp

ack

5

.5-i

n.

4,0

00

1

5 s

ec

on

ds

Wir

e 5

0

5 o

n

BRD

M

5.5

-in

. 5

,00

0

20

se

co

nd

s R

ad

io

50

4

on

Hin

d

E

SUR

FAC

E-TO

-SU

RFA

CE

MIS

SIL

E C

HA

RA

CTE

RIS

TIC

S

Fir

st

Dep

loy

ed

War

head

R

ange

(M

iles

) P

rop

ell

an

t L

aun

ch P

latf

orm

Un

ited

S

tate

s

Per

shin

g I

19

62

P

ersh

ing

I1

P en

d in

g

Ho

nes

t Jo

hn

1

95

3

Lan

ce

19

72

So

vie

t U

nion

SS

-12

SC

aleb

oar

d

19

69

S

S-2

1 1

97

8

Scu

d-B

-

1/

19

65

Fro

g 1

96

5

Nu

clea

r o

r HE

Nu

clea

r N

ucl

ear

or

HE

Nu

clea

r o

r HE

Nu

clea

r, 1 M

T N

ucl

ear,

1 K

T N

ucl

ear,

1 K

T o

r HE

N

ucl

ear,

1 K

T o

r HE

So

lid

S

ol i

d

So

lid

L

iqu

id

So

lid

S

oli

d

Liq

uid

So

lid

Whe

eled

V

eh

icle

W

heel

ed

Ve

hic

le

Whe

eled

V

eh

icle

W

hee

led

, T

rack

ed

Ve

hic

le

Whe

eled

Ve

hic

le

Whe

eled

Ve

hic

le

Whe

eled

V

eh

icle

Whe

eled

Ve

hic

le

1-1

Scu

b-B

s re

pla

ce

d

al

l S

cud-

As

by

19

78

, in

cre

asi

ng

th

e r

an

ge

fro

m 5

0 m

iles

to

18

5 m

iles

.

TA

CT

ICA

L A

IR D

EF

EN

SE

: SY

STE

MS

CH

AR

AtX

ER

IST

ICS

Fir

st

Ran

ge

Tar

get

Tra

ckln

gl

Cei

ling

S

peed

W

arhe

ad1

SAM

S D

eplo

yd(M

i1es

) A

cqui

sitlo

n G

uida

nce

(Fee

t)

(Mac

h)

Yie

ld

Mtr

sile

s

UN

ITE

D S

TA

TE

S C

ha

pa

rra

l M

-48

1866

3

O

ptlc

al

Opt

icau

8

,00

0

Supe

r-

HE

4

rails

IR

hom

ing

soni

c 1

mis

sile

ea

SOV

IET

UN

ION

SA

-4 G

anef

18

87

50

Surv

eilla

nce

Com

man

d 80

,000

4

HE

1

laun

cher

an

d ac

qui-

gu

idan

ce

300

Ibs

2 m

lssi

les

sitio

n ra

dar

SA-6

Gai

nful

18

70

15

Sear

ch a

nd

Rad

arIC

omd,

40

,000

3

HE

1

laun

cher

ac

qu

isit

ion

se

mi-

activ

e 10

0 Ib

s 3 m

issi

les

rada

r ra

dar

hom

ing

SA-8

Gec

ko

1075

7.

5 Se

arch

and

C

omm

and

40,0

00

2 H

E

2 la

unch

ers

trac

king

rad

ar

guid

ance

50

lbs

2

mis

sile

s ea

SA-Q

Cas

kin

1868

5

Opt

ical

O

ptic

al/

15,0

00

2 H

E

4 la

unch

er

IR h

omln

n 15

Ibs

cont

aine

rs

TA

CT

ICA

L A

IR D

EF

EN

SE: S

YST

EM

S C

HA

RA

CT

ER

IST

ICS

(co

n' t)

Bas

k F

irst

R

ange

T

arge

t F

ire

load

A

A G

UN

S D

eplo

yed(

Met

ers)

A

cqui

sitio

n C

ontr

ol

Bar

rels

T

ratu

port

(R

ound

s)

UNITED S

TATE

S V

ulca

n XM-167

1966

1500

V

isua

l. w

/lerd

- M

snrr

aV

6 20

mm

T

owed

11

00

com

puti

ng g

unsi

ght

rada

r V

ulca

n M-163

1866

1500

& m

nge-

only

mda

r M

anua

l/ 6

eOm

m

' SP

20

00

rada

r

SOV

IET

UN

ION

ZSU 2

34

1965

2500

R

adar

or

visu

al

Rad

ar o

r 4

23m

m

S P

2000

(V

isua

l =20

00m

ran

ge)

Opt

ical

ZU 232

1961

2500

V

isua

l O

ptic

al

2 23

mm

T

owed

24

00

ZSU

5712

1957

4000

V

lsua

l O

ptic

al

2 57mm

SP

300

57mm S40

1950

6000

Rud

ar o

r vi

sual

R

adar

or

1 5

7mm

T

owed

20

0 (V

isua

l -4000m range)

Opt

ical

DIV

ISIO

N C

HA

RA

CT

ER

IST

lCS

Pers

onne

l M

ediu

m

Arm

ored

St

reng

th

Tan

ks

Car

rier

s L

VT

PI

Art

illo

y A

nti-t

ank

Man

euue

r P

iece

s h

iisr

ile

r~

~

Bat

talio

ns

1 T

M

T

ord

2/

UN

ITE

D S

TA

TE

S A

rmy

Arm

or

Mec

hani

zed

Infa

ntry

A

irbo

rne

Air

Ass

ault

Mar

ine'

2/

SOV

IET

UN

ION

Ta

nk

9.50

0 32

5 1 5

0 80

10

5 0

10

3

13

Mo

tor

Rif

le

12,0

00

255

375

110

135

0

69

15

A

irbo

rne

8,00

0 0

100

54

145

8

00

9

CRS

- 57 -

Graph 6

TACTICAL AIR COMBAT FORCES Statistical Summary

(Note Different Scales)

Navy Shore-Based ~ombers*

0

2000

I US. - None

I

I I

USAF I

Carrier-Based FighterIAttack

1200 0 1°00 t U.S. I

Combined Strength

,OoO 0

' / Includes Air Force Reserve, Air National Guard, and Marine Corps Reserve; counts fighter /attack aircraft and theater bombers on both sides. Not normally directed against targets ashore, but possess such capability.

CRS

T a b l e 15 LAND-ORIENTED T A C T I C A L A I R POWER

CRS

- 59 -

Tab le 1 5 (con't)

TH

EA

TE

R

BOM

BERS

U

nit

ed

S

tate

s

F-1

11

S

ov

iet

Un

ion

T

U-1

6 B

adg

er

TU

-22

Bli

nd

er

TU

-26

Ba

ck

tire

4

/ -

IL-2

8

Be

ag

le

TOTA

L

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

TACT

TC

AL

CO

MB

AT

AIR

CR

AFT

TO

TAL

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

S

ov

iet

Un

ion

U

.S.

stan

d in

^

RE

CO

NN

AIS

SAN

CE

AND

SUR

VE

ILL

AN

CE

U

nit

ed

S

tate

s

Ac

tiv

e A

ir F

orc

e

RF

-101

V

oodoo

RF-

4 P

han

tom

E

C-1

21

El

Co

yo

te

E3A

S

en

try

TO

TAL

Air

Na

tio

na

l G

uar

d

RF-

4 P

han

tom

R

F-1

01

Voodoo

RF

-84

Th

un

de

rstr

ea

k

EC

-121

E

l C

oy

ote

TO

TAL

Air

Fo

rce

Re

serv

e

EC

-121

E

l C

oy

ote

Ac

tiv

e

Ma

rin

e

Co

rps

RF

-4

Ph

anto

m

GR

AN

D

TOTA

L

NET

CHAN

GE

1970

-198

0

+2 26

-17

5

-5n

+7

5 -2

20

-

-3 7

0

+5

96

+3

89

+

50

5 -

-1 1

6

-54

-1

80

-4

6

+2

0

-26

0

+I4

4

-54

-1

26 -8

-4 4

pa

r

Pa

r -3

04

REC

ON

NA

ISSA

NC

E (C

on ' t

)

So

vie

t U

nio

n

MIG

-17

Fre

sco

M

IG-2

1 F

ish

be

d

MIG

-25

Fo

xb

at

YA

K-2

5 F

las

hli

gh

t Y

AK

-28

Bre

wer

IL

-28

B

ea

gle

TO

TAL

U.

S.

Sta

nd

ing

HE

LIC

OPT

ER

G

UN

SHIP

S -

5/

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

A

rmy

Mar

ine

TOTA

L

So

vie

t U

nio

n

U.

S.

Sta

nd

ing

11

All

air

cra

ft

are

Pri

ma

ry

Air

cra

ft

Au

tho

riz

ati

on

(P

AA

).

-

2/

Fo

r c

arr

ier-

ba

sed

ta

cti

ca

l a

irc

ra

ft,

se

e T

ab

le

16

. -

31

S

om

etim

es

ca

lle

d

SIT

-24.

-.

4/

Ba

ck

fire

bo

mb

ers

are

th

e s

ame

air

cr

af

t sh

own

on

Ta

ble

7

. -

NET

CHAN

GE

51

U

.S.

arm

ed

he

lic

op

ters

are

AH

-1s.

S

ov

iet

co

un

terp

art

s a

re M

I-24

s an

d

som

e M

I-8

ve

rsio

ns

. --

--

.- -----

-- C

ornh

ot'

hfux

T

yp

ica

l W

ecpo

nr

Fir

st

Ro

diu

o

Sjie

ed

Pav

load

s -------

Nuc

lear

A

ll

Dep

loye

d (M

iles

) (h

fach

) f!b

a!

Gu

ns

hf

lsst

lerl

Bor

nbs

Cap

able

W

eath

er"

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

A-6

Int

rude

r 19

63

A-7

D C

orsa

ir

1966

A

-10

Thu

nder

bolt

11

1077

A

V-8

Ilu

nier

19

69

F-4

Pha

ntom

19

63

F-1

00 S

up

er S

abre

10

54

Non

e 1 26nm

1 30mm

2 30

mm

1 2

0mm

1 2O

mm

1 2

0mm

4 2O

mm

Yes

Y

es

N 0

N 0

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

-- Y

es

Yes

Y

es

Yes

Y

es

Yes

Yes

No

2

AC

M-I

2 F

-105

Thu

nder

chie

f 10

59

625

2. I

10,2

00

1 20

mm

4

AC

M-4

5 or

Y

es

Yes

2

AC

M-7

8 10

67

745

2.2

14,5

00

1 20

mm

24

Mk-

82

Yes

Y

es

Sov

iet

Uni

on

M I

C-1

7 F

resc

o 19

53

300

0.0

1,10

0 M

IC-1

9 F

i~m

ler

1955

42

5 1 .

O 1.

100

h! I

C-2

1 F

~sh

bed

19

56

400

2.1

2,00

0 M

IC-2

3 F

logg

er

1971

70

0 2.

5 2,

800

hl1C

25

Fo

xb

t 19

70

500

3.2

N A

S

U-7

F~

tter

19

60

300

1.6

5,50

0 S

U-1

7 F

~tt

er-C

19

72

600

1.7

5,50

0 '

SCT-

IS F

ence

r 19

74

52 5

2.0

3.00

0 T

U-1

6 B

adge

r 19

55

1500

0.

8 20

.000

T

U-2

2 B

l~nc

ler

1962

15

00

1.1

12.0

00

TU

-26

B.rc

kfir

e 19

74

2500

2.

5 10

.000

Y

AK

-28

Fir

elw

r 19

61,

600

1.1

4,40

0

3 23

mm

3 3

0mm

1

23m

m

1 23

n1m

N

one

2 30

mm

2

30m

m

1 23

mm

7

23m

m

1 23

mm

N

one

Non

e

4 A

lkal

i 4

Alk

nll

4 A

toll

4 A

S-7

4 A

crid

2

Ato

il 2

Ato

ll 4

3

2 A

SJ,

AS

4

1 A

S-4

2 A

S-4

2

An1

1b

No

No

No

No

Yes

N

o

Yes

Y

es

No

Yes

N

o N

o Y

es

Yes

Yes

Y

es

Yes

N

o Y

es

No

Yes

Y

es

No

Yes

1/

Com

bat

ra

dii

co

rre

spo

nd

w

ith

p

ay

loa

ds

show

n u

nd

er

av

era

ge

c

on

dit

ion

s,

ex

ce

pt

Ga

ck

fire

, w

hic

h

-

is h

i-lo

-hi,

w

ith

ou

t e

xte

rna

l w

eap

on

s.

2/

Pa

ylo

ad

s a

re m

ere

ly

rep

res

en

tati

ve

. E

xte

rna

l f

ue

l ta

nk

s

are

in

clu

de

d w

he

re

ap

pli

ca

ble

. -

3/

"All

w

ea

the

r" is

ve

ry

su

bje

cti

ve

c

rite

rio

n.

It

ge

ne

rall

y

re

fle

cts

ab

ilit

ies

to

ta

ke

off

an

d

-

lan

d u

nd

er

inst

rum

en

t c

on

dit

ion

s.

Non

e o

f th

e a

irc

ra

ft

sho

wn

c

an

a

cc

om

pli

sh

clo

se

ai

r s

up

po

rt

on

in

stru

me

nts

. 4

/ S

ee

Ta

ble

I1 f

or

ch

ara

cte

ris

tic

s o

f re

co

nn

ais

san

ce

an

d

su

rve

illa

nc

e a

irc

ra

ft.

-

--

\V~

l~Il

t,

Fir

st

Rnt

~ge

Spe

ed

Yie

ld

Dep

loue

d C

utd

ance

(h

f ile

s)

(Mac

h)

TV

P~

IW

UN

ITE

D S

TA

TE

S

Air

-la

-Air

A

XI-7

1.: S

~I

~O

W

1963

R

i~d

i~r

14

3.5+

A

IX1-

7F S

prn

ow

'

1976

R

i~d

.~r

28

3.5+

A

IM-9

Sid

ewin

der

1051

ln

l'mre

d

2 2.

5

HE

II

E

IIE

Air

-to

-Cro

~~

~d

A

CM

-12U

Bu

llpc~

p

1959

R

;dio

7

1.

2 H

E

250

AC

ht-

12C

DII

II~I

I~

1959

R

rdio

10

1.

5 .

IIE

10

00

AG

hl-45 S

hri

ke

1964

P

II

10

2.0

1 I E

14

5 A

Ghl-65 h

liwrr

ick

It369

T

V

8 1

.8

HE

. 27

A

C h

l-7

8 !h

mdnrd

Arm

19

68

PH

15

.5

2.0

HE

2

20

SO

VIE

T U

NIO

N

Air

-to

-Air

M

-1

Alk

ali

1959

R

adar

, 1R

3

2

1IE

M

-2

Ato

ll 19

60

hd

nr,

IR

3

2

.5

IIE

A

dvan

ced

Ato

ll 19

73

1 R

5 2

.5

AA

-3 A

nab

HE

19

61

Rad

ar,

IR

15

2.5

HE

Alr-t

o-G

round

AS

-3 K

ange

roo

1860

P

repr

ogra

mm

ed

350

2.0

N

uke

50

00

Auto

pilo

t A

S-4

Kiic

hen

1967

P

repro

grr

mm

ed

250

4.0

11E

INuk

e 22

00

Aut

o &

Rad

ar

AS

-5 K

elt

1065

P

repr

ogra

mm

ed

150

1 .O

HE

INu

kc

2200

A

uto

pilo

t A

S-6

Kin

gfis

h

1070

P

repr

ogra

mm

ed

200

3.0

l f E

INuke

1

100

Auto

pilo

t A

S-7

Ker

ry

1971

C

omm

and

6 1.

0 II

E

200

AS

4

1875

ll

omin

g 50

ru

bso

nic

H

E

330

. .

11 I

R

mis

sile

gu

ida

nce

is

in

fra

red

. P

ll is

pa

ssiv

e h

omin

g.

-

1 '

Graph 7

NAVAL COMBATANTS Statistical Summary

(Note Different Scales)

Aircraft Carriers1

Attack Submarines

Cruisers, Destroyers, Frigates2 300 0

Cruise Missile Ships3

i lncludes helicopter carriers.

31ncludes a few US. Naval Reserve destroyers and frigates. Includes major surface combatants, attack submarines, and patrol boats

CA

RR

IER

-BA

SED

A

IRC

RA

FT

~ig

hte

r/A

tta

ck

11

U

nit

ed

s

tate

s-

A-4

S

kyha

wk

A-6

In

tru

de

r A

-7

Co

rsa

ir

F-4

P

han

tom

F-

8 C

rusa

de

r F

-14

Tom

cat

To

tal

So

vie

t U

nio

n

YA

K-3

6 F

org

er

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

ASW

A

irc

raft

U

nit

ed

S

tate

s

Fix

ed

Win

g S

-2

Tra

ck

er

S-3

V

ikin

g

To

tal

He

lic

op

ters

SH

-3

LAM

PS

RH

-53

Se

a S

tall

ion

-

21

T

ota

l

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

So

vie

t U

nio

n

KA

-25

Hor

mon

e (

~e

lo

)

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

NET

CH

AN

GE

19

70

-19

80

-147

+

1

+3

4

-10

9

-78

+

I68

-

-1 3

1

+6

0

-19

1

-91

+I1

0

+1

9

+3

4

+6

0

+2

3

+I1

7

+I3

6

+2

0

+I1

6

SHO

RE-

BA

SED

A

IRC

RA

FT -

1 /

An

ti-S

urf

ac

e S

hip

B

ombe

rs

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

2/

So

vie

t U

nio

n A/

IL-2

8 B

eag

le

SU-1

7 F

itte

r-C

T

U-1

6 B

adg

er

TU

-22

Bli

nd

er

TU

-26

Ba

ck

fire

TO

TAL

U . S

. S

tan

din

g

ASW

A

irc

raft

U

nit

ed

S

tate

s

P-3

O

rio

n

So

vie

t U

nio

n 6

1 F

ixe

d W

ing

BE-

6 M

adge

B

E-1

2 M

ail

IL

-38

May

T

U-9

5 B

'ear

-F

TOTA

L

He

lic

op

ters

>/

KA

-25

Hor

mon

e M

I-4

Hou

nd

MI-

14

Haz

e TO

TAL

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

Gra

nd

To

tal

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

S

ov

iet

Un

ion

U . S

. Sta

nd

ing

1976

0

20

Few

2

90

6

0

30

-

40

0

-40

0

2 1

6

0

10

0

55

2

0 -

17

5

15

0

70

1

5

-

2 35

4

10

-19

4

216

8 1

0

-594

NET

CHAN

GE

1970-1980

Pa

r

-60

+

4 0

- 4

0

-20

+

7 5

-

- 5

+5

+10

- 30

+

40

+30

+4

5

-

+8

5

+30

-1

30

+

4 5

--

-55

+

30

-20

+1

0

+2

5

-15

--

CRS

Table 16 ( c o n ' t )

1/ PAA only , exc luding reconnaissance , t r a i n i n g and s p e c i a l purpose v e r s i o n s , such - a s t anke r s and EW a i r c r a f t .

2 / Seven RH-53s adapted f o r mine-sweeping were l o s t i n t h e a b o r t i v e r a i d t o r ecove r - 50 U.S. hos t ages from I r a n i n A p r i l 1980.

3/ S t r a t e g i c A i r Command (SAC) makes a s i g n i f i c a n t c o n t r i b u t i o n , i n accord w i t h i t s - c o l l a t e r a l mi s s ions . Those f o r c e s a r e n o t shown h e r e .

4 / Sov ie t e n t r i e s exc lude s i m i l a r type a i r c r a f t w i th Long-Range and F r o n t a l Av ia t ion . -

5 / Hormone h e l i c o p t e r s may be embarked a t v a r i o u s t imes on a i r c r a f t c a r r i e r s and c r u i s e r s .

CA

RR

IER

-BA

SED

AIR

CR

AFT

CH

AR

AC

TE

RIS

TIC

S

Cor

nlh~

t M

nx

Typi

c-nl

WL

'R~

JII

S

Fir

st

Rad

ius

Slvr

d Pf

lvlo

nd

Nuc

lear

A

ll D

ql~

ytd

f~

de

s)'

(~a

clr

1

(Ild

G

itrrs

M

issi

lc.sl

Bor

rr1~

C

qmhl

t W

enllr

cr

FIC

HT

EIU

AT

TA

CK

U

nite

d S

tate

s A

-6

Intr

uder

19

63

750

0.9

10,0

00

Non

e I8

Mk-

82

Yes

Y

es

A-7

D C

orsa

ir

1966

55

0 0.

9 7,

200

12

0rn

rn

12M

k-82

Y

es

Yes

F

A)

Pha

ntom

19

61

475

2.2

15.5

00

Non

e R

AIM

-719

Y

es

Yes

F7

14 T

omca

t 19

73

580

2.3

17,6

00

1 20

rnm

8

AIM

-719

N

o Y

es

6 A

IM-5

4

Sov

iet

Uni

on

YA

K-3

6 Fo

rger

ASW

AIR

CR

AFT

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

S-2

Tra

cker

S-

3 V

ikin

g SH

-3 (

Hel

o)

LA

MPS

(H

elo)

1976

2

0

1.1

2,00

0 Fo

ur p

ylon

s fo

r gu

ns,

No

Lim

ited

A

AM

s,an

d ro

cket

s

Pnt r

ol

S}m

i (m

yltl

ASW

Wrq

rorl

s D

rtn'

t itw

I?~

I%.I

'~

.- -.

1954

67

5 15

0 2

torp

edoe

s or

dep

th c

harg

es

MA

D,

rada

r, J

onoh

uoys

19

74

1200

+ 20

0 4

torp

edoe

s or

oth

er m

ix

MA

D,

rada

r, s

onob

uoys

19

61

100

135

2 to

rped

oes

or o

ther

mix

M

AD

, ra

dar,

dip

ping

son

ar

1973

60

1 SO

1 to

rped

o M

AD

, ra

dar,

son

obuo

ys

Sov

iet U

nion

K

A-2

5 H

orm

one

(Hel

o)

1967

20

0 12

0 2

torp

edoe

s or

dep

th c

harg

es

'Com

bat

radi

i cor

resp

ond

wit

h p

aylo

ads

show

n un

der

aver

age

cond

ition

s.

'Pay

lwd

s ar

e m

erel

y re

pres

enta

tive.

Ext

erna

l fue

l ta

nks

are

incl

uded

whe

reve

r ap

plic

able

. 'No

uncl

assi

fied

data

.

SH

OR

E-B

AS

ED

AIR

CR

AF

T C

HA

IlA

CT

EII

IST

ICS

Pol n

fl

Firs

t N

r R

ndiu

s D

cfcc

t iclrr

Att

tl-S

/II\

I D

rplo

yJ

Cre

w

Elr

~irw

s (M

tlrr

l D

evic

tls '

WI~

)OII

S -

AN

TI-

SUR

FAC

E

SH

IP B

OM

BE

RS

Sovi

et U

nion

IG

2R B

eagl

e 19

50

3

2 60

0 SU

-17

Fitte

r-C

19

72

1 1

500

TU

-16

Bad

ger

1955

7

2 16

00

TU

-22

Bli

ndrr

19

62

3-4

2 17

00

TU

-26

13ac

kfire

19

75

24

2

2500

T

U-9

5 B

ear-

F I9

71

5.

4

3900

ASW

AIR

CR

AFT

U

nite

d S

tate

s P-

3 O

rion

19

62

10-1

2 4

1200

Sovi

et U

nion

Uom

bs o

r to

rped

oes

Roc

kets

B

ombs

or

ASM

I3

ombs

A

SMs

Bom

bs o

r A

SMs

AD

, ra

dar,

son

obuo

y T

orpe

does

or

min

es

1

BE

12

ail

' 19

65

4 2

1000

M

AD

, ra

dar,

son

obuo

y B

ombs

, m

ines

, de

pth

char

ges,

tor

pedo

es

(var

lous

mix

es)

IG38

May

19

68

12

4 20

00

MA

D,

rada

r, s

onob

uoy

Bom

bs,

min

es,

dept

h ch

arge

s, t

orpe

does

(v

ar~

ou

s mix

es)

MI4

Hou

nd (

I ld

o)

195R

1

100

MA

D,

rada

r, s

onar

N

one

'MA

D *

tan&

fm M

agnc

tlc A

nom

aly

Det

ecto

r. 'B

E-12

(a

nd it

r pr

cdcc

cwor

BE

41 $5

a fly

mp

boat

AIR

CR

AFT

C

AR

RIE

RS

BY

Ty

pe

Att

ac

k C

arr

iers

U

nit

ed

Sta

tes

N

uc

lea

r (C

VA

N)

Oi

l (

CV

A)

11

-

To

tal

So

vie

t U

nio

n

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

ASW

C

arr

iers

(C

VS

) U

nit

ed

S

tate

s

So

vie

t U

nio

n

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

Gu

ided

Mis

sile

V

TOL

Ca

rrie

rs

(CV

HG

) U

nit

ed

S

tate

s

So

vie

t U

nio

n

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

He

lic

op

ter

Ca

rrie

rs

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

2/

-

LPH

LH

A

To

tal

So

vie

t U

nio

n

(CH

G)

3 -

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

Gra

nd

To

tal

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

S

ov

iet

Un

ion

U

.S.

Sta

nd

ing

NE

T CHANGE

1970

-198

0

- 4

par -4

Pa

r par

+5

CRS

- 7 1 - Table 1 7 (con't)

CRS - 72 -

Table 17 (Con't)

AIR

CR

AFT

CA

RR

IER

CH

AR

AC

TE

RIS

TIC

S

Ave

rage

Fi

ghte

r A

ttack

R

mn

A

SW

Age

Cru

ise

Oth

er

Aim

aft

Airc

mP

Aim

aft

Airc

raft

fYm

rs1

Mis

sile

s W

mpo

ns

spca

l (K

nots

)

Atta

ck (

CV

A)

Hel

icop

ter (

LPH

)

Sovi

et U

nion

A

SW

(C

VX

)'

Hel

icop

ter

(CH

G)

Cam

es a

mix

of

abou

t 20

CH

-46,

Ch-

53,

14

UH

-I,

AH

-1

heli

copt

en

Cam

es a

mix

of

abou

t 16

CH

-46,

6 C

H-5

3.

3 4

UH

-1E

helic

opte

rs.

AV

Bs

may

rep

lace

som

e he

lm.

Car

ries

up to 3

0 Y

AK

36 a

nd

h

ASW

hel

icop

ters

Non

e S

ea S

parr

owi

35

Tem

er

Non

e Se

a Sp

arro

w1

4 Xi .

SO c

al

20

Non

e Se

a S

parr

ow

3 si

.51c

al

22

8

Tor

pedo

es,

ASW

SS

-N-3

f12

Roc

kets

, SU

W-N

-I 30t

Non

e T

orpe

does

, ASW

R

ocke

ts

30

'Klw

dam

ad

em

an

an

y r

mix

af

up to

30

fixed

- ad

ai

rcra

ft. A

ll 30

cou

ld be

YAK

&,

but

10-1

5 smru s

tand

ard.

CRS

- 7 4 -

Table 18 CRUISERS

CRS - 75 -

Table 18 (Con't)

CRS

- 76 -

Table 18 (Con' t )

U m 5 [I] a, rl a d

V) m d E s4 a, U

E al a C 3 I 0 U

I a U m '+I b 7 [I]

al a 7 rl u c -d

0

3 rn U al -ri 3 0 rn

d 0 a k m z

[I]

5 .2 'd u 3 -74

rl a -d aJ P

E g (d m

u 01

f;; 3 rn

[I] a al -d 3 C m [I] .c C h rn rl m a

m - P

rn 0 . k 3 a

- - a .rl C V) al rl u U to P

h P m P - m 0 U

- a, rl e m Ll (d a z 0

V) .d

U H

U

s u m P E 0 u al U m w k 7 V)

a al k a,

a I $4 m al rl u 7 C

u aJ .d 3 0 rn

h rl

aJ 5 [I] $74

3 0 k .d !d

3

CRS

- 7 7 -

Tahle 18 (Can't)

h

c . d 3 w V

t-l m U

m E-' N

5 0

3 4

m r-. 0' 4

CR

UIS

ER

C

HA

RA

CT

ER

IST

ICS

(co

n' t

)

An

ti-

Av

er a

ge

Su

rfa

ce

F

irs

t n

isp

lac

e

AA

A

ASW

S

hip

P

ow

er

Dep

loy

ed

(To

ns)

SA

M

11

-

Wea

po

ns2

1

-

-

-

Wea

po

ns3

/ P

lan

t41

SOV

IET

U

NIC

H

Yir

ov

1

98

0

24

,00

0

12

SA

-N-6

2

SS

-N-1

4 20

S

S-N

-19

Nu

cle

ar

(CG

N)

2 S

A-N

-4(T

win

) AS

W

Ro

ck

ets

2

To

rpe

do

8 G

atl

ing

2

lo

on

?

Ka

ra

19 7

3 1

0,0

00

2

SA-N

-3

8

SS

-N-1

4 1

0 T

orp

ed

o

Gas

(C

G)

2

SA-N

-4

ASW

R

oc

ke

ts

Tu

rbin

e

2-7

6mm

CT

wi n

) 4

Ga

tlin

q

Kre

sta

I

19

67

7

,50

0

2S

A-N

-1

ASW

R

oc

ke

ts

4 S

S-N

-3

St e

arn

(CG

) 2

5/l

nm

(Tw

in)

10

To

rpe

do

Kre

sta

I1

19

70

7,5

00

2

SA

-N-3

8

SS

-N-1

4 1

0 T

orp

ed

o

Ste

am

(CG

) 2

5 /l

nm

(Tw

in)

ASW

R

oc

ke

ts

Kyn

da

19

62

5

,50

0

1 S

A-N

-1

ASW

R

oc k

e t s

8

SS

-N-3

S

team

(C

G)

2 7

6mm

(Tw

in)

6 T

orp

ed

o

Sv

e rd

lo

v

19 5

2

17

,50

0

32

31m

m

(CL

) S

ome

SA-N

-4

Som

e G

atl

ing

12

6-i

n

Gun

s S

team

1

2

3.9

-in

G

uns

1/

SA-N

-3

pro

ba

bly

h

as

an

ti-s

urf

ac

e

sh

ip a

s w

ell

a

s a

nti

air

cr

af

t c

ap

ab

ilit

ies

. A

ll S

AM

- la

un

ch

ers

are

tw

in-a

rmed

. 2

/ S

S-N

-14

ae

ria

l to

rpe

do

es

pro

ba

bly

h

av

e

an

ti-s

urf

ac

e

sh

ip a

s w

ell

a

s

ASW

c

ap

ab

ilit

ies

. 71

C

on

ve

nti

on

al

torp

ed

oe

s m

ay

ha

ve

ASW

a

s w

ell

a

s a

nti

-su

rfa

ce

s

hip

ca

pa

bil

itie

s.

-

Num

bers

sh

own

are

la

un

ch

tu

be

s,

no

t w

eap

on

s.

4/

Ka

ra,

Kre

sta

, an

d

Sv

erd

lov

cla

ss

es

ha

ve

a

to

p s

pe

ed

o

f a

bo

ut

32

k

no

ts;

Kyn

da

35

-

kn

ots

; K

iro

v

som

ewh

at

fas

ter.

CG

N

is

gu

ide

d m

iss

ile

cru

ise

r,

nu

cle

ar

po

wer

ed;

CG

i

s g

uid

ed

m

iss

ile

cru

ise

r;

CL

is

lig

ht

cru

ise

r.

AN

TI-

SHIP

MIS

SIL

BR

OC

KE

T C

HA

RA

CT

ER

lST

lCS

Pay

lwd

Flr

st

Ra~

qc

or

Drp

loyd

(m

iles)

W

nrl~

cwd

Yiel

d

UN

ITE

D S

TA

TE

S A

SR

OC

19

61

6 H

E,

Nuk

e I

~a

r~

oo

n'

1977

35

H

E 50

0 Ib

s S

OV

IET

UNION

SS-N

-191

1

98

0

2 50

H

E, Nuke ?

?K

T

SS-N

-14

1974

30

H

E,

Nuk

e 7.

KT

SS-N

-12

1976

34

5

HE

, N

uke

2000

ibs,

KT

SS

N-9

19

71

150

HE

, N

uke

10

00 I

bs,

KT

SS-N

-3

1962

15

0-25

0 H

E, N

uke

ZOO0 Ibs,

KT

SS-N

-2

1960

30

H

E

lo00 l

bs

SS-N

-1

1958

1 3

0 H

E,

Nuk

e <I000

Ibs,

KT

'Ha

rpo

n ra

nge

is 3

5 m

iles

hu

nch

ed f

rom

sur

face

shi

p or

sub

mar

ine,

120

mile

s if

air

-laun

ched

from

P-3

O

rio

n.

DES

TRO

YER

S B

Y T

yp

e U

nit

ed

S

tate

s

Ac

tiv

e

SSM

1

/ o

the

r

To

tal

Re

serv

e

2/

-

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

'So

vie

t U

nio

n

3/

-

SSM

1

/ o

the

r

To

tal

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

Rv

Cla

ss

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

A

cti

ve

D

DG

-

C.F

. A

dam

s C

oo

nt z

D

ec

atu

r M

itsc

hn

er

To

tal

DD

-

Ca

rpe

nte

r 4

/ F

orr

es

t ~

he

rma

n

Ge

ari

ng

-

4/

Hu

ll

Sp

rua

nc

e

To

tal

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

Re

serv

e

Cla

ss

n

ot

sho

wn

NE

T CH

ANGE

19

70-1

980

+46

-1

25

-7

9

-12

-91 -4

-1

2

-

-16

-75

pa

r +

2 P

ar

-2

CRS

- 81 - Tab le 1 9 (Can't)

O W N In r. o m ' w w dl* d A/" 1.

CRS

- 82 -

Table 19 (Con't)

u > ffi m m . d k m w u

m u u " .?I .x U F:

h =

FRIG

AT

ES

By

Cla

ss

So

vie

t U

nio

n (

Co

n'

FFL

-

Mir

ka

Gri

sha

? P

ety

a -

J T

ota

l

!JET CH

ANGE

1

97

0-1

98

0

1/

U.S

. SS

M

sh

ips

ar

e a

rmed

wit

h H

arp

oo

n.

So

vie

t SS

Ms

inc

lud

e

surf

ac

e-t

o-u

nd

erw

ate

r m

iss

ile

s

-

tha

t p

rob

ab

ly h

av

e

SSM

c

ap

ab

ilit

ies

. S

ee T

ab

le

18

fo

r c

ha

rac

teri

sti

cs

. H

P

, d

2/

U.S

. N

aval

R

ese

rve

s

hip

s s

ho

wn

a

re

im

me

dia

tely

av

ail

ab

le

to a

ug

men

t a

cti

ve

fo

rce

s i

n e

mer

gen

cy.

, -

r

cv

a

3/

So

vie

t d

es

tro

ye

r a

nd

f

rig

ate

fig

ure

s e

xc

lud

e s

om

e "

ina

cti

ve

"

sh

ips

th

at

oc

ca

sio

na

lly

see a

cti

ve

a

w

$

-

se

rvic

e.

Th

ere

is

on

e e

xc

ep

tio

n:

com

pro

mis

e fi

gu

res

ar

e u

sed

to

av

oh

d

a

saw

-to

oth

ed

in

co

n-

.;;

1

sis

ten

cy

whe

n s

hip

s r

ota

te r

ap

idly

i

n a

nd

o

ut

of

ac

tiv

e s

tatu

s.

Co

rre

ct

tre

nd

s w

ou

ld

oth

erw

ise

b

e

co

nc

ea

led

. rt -

w

4/

Sh

ips

fro

m

the

U.S

. F

lee

t R

ea

din

ess

an

d M

od

ern

iza

tio

n

(FR

AM

) p

rog

ram

th

at

refu

rbis

he

d D

Ds

af

ter

--

Wo

rld

W

ar 11.

5/

Inc

lud

es

sh

ips

fo

rme

rly

ca

lle

d

de

str

oy

er

es

co

rts

an

d

co

mp

ara

ble

c

ra

ft

ov

er

1,2

00

to

ns

. -

6/

Ko

ni

beg

an

ph

asi

ng

in

J19

78

; K

ola

c

om

ple

ted

p

ha

sin

g o

ut

19

79

. -

- -

- - - --

SEL

EC

TE

D D

EST

RPY

ER

/FR

IGA

TE

CH

AR

AC

TE

RIS

TIC

S

Av

era

ge

UN

ITE

D

STA

TE

S D

ESTR

OY

ERS

Ch

arl

es

F.

Ada

ms

19

60

4

,50

0

1 T

art

ar

ASR

OC

4

Har

po

on

2

5-i

n

Ste

am

( DD

G )

(Sin

gle

or

Tw

in)

2 T

orp

ed

o

(Ta

rta

r)

(Tri

ple

t)

Co

on

t z

( DD

G )

19

60

5

,80

0

1 T

err

ier(

Tw

in)

ASR

OC

8

Har

po

on

1

5-i

n

Ste

am

2 T

orp

ed

o

(2 Q

uad

) (T

rip

let)

Fo

rre

st

Sh

erm

an

19

55

4

,05

0

No

ne

( DD

G )

1

96

7

4,1

50

1

Ta

rta

r

Ge

ari

ng

1

94

5

3,5

00

N

one

(DD

Sp

rua

nc

e

( DD

1

19

75

7

,80

0

Non

e

ASR

OC

o

n

8

Non

e 2

13

5-i

n

Ste

am

2 T

orp

ed

o

15

-in

S

team

(T

rip

let )

ASR

OC

N

one

4 5

-in

S

team

2

To

rpe

do

(T

rip

let)

ASR

OC

8

Har

po

on

2

5-i

n

Gas

2

To

rpe

do

(2

Qu

ad

) T

urb

ine

(T

rip

let

1 A

SW

He

lo

FRIG

AT

ES

Kno

x (F

F)

19

69

3

,01

1

1 S

ea

Sp

arr

ow

A

SRO

C 4

Har

po

on

1 5

-in

S

team

4

To

rpe

do

(A

SR

OC

Oli

ve

r H

azar

d

Pe

rry

1

97

7

3,6

00

1

SM

-1

mis

sil

e

2 L

AM

PS

He

los

4 H

arp

oo

n

no

ne

G

as

(FF

G)

lau

nc

he

r 2

To

rpe

do

(T

art

ar)

T

urb

ine

1

76m

m

gu

n

(Tri

ple

t)

1 P

ha

lan

x

(pe

nd

ing

)

11

To

rpe

do

es

are

la

un

ch

tu

be

s o

nly

, n

ot

nu

mb

ers

of

wea

po

ns.

-

2/

Har

po

on

s a

re

la

un

ch

ers

on

ly,

no

t n

um

ber

s o

f w

eap

on

s.

As

of

Jan

ua

ry

1,

19

81

, 9

o

f 2

3 A

dam

s -

and

8

of

10

Co

on

tz

DD

Gs

wer

e s

o e

qu

ipp

ed

; 2

9

of

30

S

pru

an

ce

D

Ds;

6

o

f 7

Pe

rry

FF

Gs;

an

d

41

o

f 4

6 K

nox

FF

s.

3/

5-i

nch

g

un

s h

av

e

an A

AA

c

ap

ab

ilit

y.

-

41

Sp

ee

ds

av

era

ge

s

lig

htl

y o

ve

r 3

0

kn

ots

.

SEL

EC

TE

D D

ES

TR

OY

ER

IFR

IGA

TE

C

HA

RA

CT

ER

IST

ICS

(CO

N'T

) An

ti-

Av

era

ge

S

urf

ac

e

Fir

st

Dis

pla

ce

AA

A AS

W

Sh

ip

Po

wer

D

eplo

yed

(T

on

s)

SAM

-

11

W

eapo

ns -

21

W

eap

on

s3 - /

Pla

nt -

4/

SO

VIE

T U

NIO

N

DES

TRO

YER

S

Kan

in

19

68

4

,50

0

1 S

A-N

-1

ASW

R

oc

ke

ts

10

To

rpe

do

S

team

( D

DG

1

2 5

7m

m(Q

uad

)

Ka

shin

1

96

3

4,5

00

2

SA-N

-1

ASW

R

oc

ke

ts

4

SS-N

-2

Gas

( D

DG

1

5 T

orp

ed

o

Tu

rbin

e

(co

nv

ert

ed

1

Min

es

Kot

lin

1

95

4

3,5

00

4

45

mm

(Qu

ad)

(DD

)

Kot

lin

1

96

2

3,5

00

1

SA

-N-1

(D

DG

) 2

57m

m(T

win

) 2

30m

m(Q

uad)

4

5.1

-in

G

un

s S

team

1

0 T

orp

ed

o

Min

es

2 5

.1-i

n

Gu

ns

Ste

am

5 T

orp

ed

o

FRIG

AT

E

Kri

va

k

19

7 1

4

,00

0

2 S

A-N

-4

4

SS

-N-1

4 8 T

orp

ed

o

Gas

(F

FG

) 2

76m

m(T

win

) T

urb

ine

1/

SA-N

-3

pro

ba

bly

ha

s a

nti

-su

rfa

ce

s

hip

as

we

ll

as

an

tia

irc

ra

ft

ca

pa

bil

itie

s.

Al

l

-

SAM

la

un

ch

ers

a

re

tw

in-a

rmed

. 2

/ S

S-N

-14

ae

ria

l to

rpe

do

es

ha

ve

an

ti-s

urf

ac

e

sh

ip a

s w

ell

a

s A

SW

ca

pa

bil

itie

s.

-

3/

Co

nv

en

tio

na

l to

rpe

do

es

may

h

av

e A

SW

as

we

ll a

s a

nti

-su

rfa

ce

s

hip

ca

pa

bil

itie

s.

-

Num

bers

sh

ow

n

ar

e l

au

nc

h

tub

es

, n

ot

we

ap

on

s.

41

Ka

nin

, K

ash

in,

and

K

otl

in h

av

e

a

top

sp

ee

d

of

ab

ou

t 3

5 k

no

ts;

Kri

va

k a

bo

ut

32

k

no

ts.

-

51

Fo

urt

ee

n K

ash

in

de

str

oy

ers

la

ck

an

ti-s

urf

ac

e

mis

sil

es

. -

61

Se

e F

igu

re

18

fo

r SS

M

ch

ar

ac

ter

isti

cs

. -

DD

is

de

str

oy

er;

DD

G

is

gu

ide

d m

iss

ile

de

str

oy

er;

FF

G

is

a

gu

ide

d m

iss

ile

fr

iga

te.

CRS

- 8 6 -

T a b l e 20 SMALL SURFACE COMBATANTS

CRS

- 87 -

Table 20 (Can't )

o m c o 034NO N W C

4

L L Y U (U ( d m 13

u a a .rl m

s a ( U m U 4 - I .rl m .rl E

P m m E m m L 0 .d .rl 0 U Z E : w

ATT

AC

K

SUB

MA

RIN

ES

UN

ITE

D

STA

TE

S SS

M

1/

~u

cl

ea

r

Die

se

l TO

TAL

Oth

er

Nu

cle

ar

" D

ies

el

TOTA

L

GR

AN

D

TO

TA

L

SOV

IET

U

NIO

N

s SM

Nu

cle

ar

Die

se

l TO

TAL

Oth

er

Nu

cle

ar

Die

se

l TO

TAL

GPA

ND

TO

TAL

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

-

NET

C

HA

NG

E 19

70-1

980

+33

par

+3 3

Pa=

-54 -

-54

-2 1

+9

- 8 -

+ 1

+3 1

-5

0 -

-1 9

-1 8

-3

ATT

ACK

SU

BM

AR

INES

B

y C

las

s

un

ite

d

Sta

tes

SS

N -

~a

li

bu

t

Lip

sco

mb

L

os

An

pel

es

Nar

wh

al

Na

uti

lus

Pe

rmit

S

ea W

olf

,, S

ka

te

Sk

ipja

ck

S

turg

eo

n

Tu

llib

ee

T

ota

l

SS -

Ba

rbe

ll

Da

rte

r G

ray

bac

k

GU

PPY

1A

G

UPP

Y

2 G

UPP

Y

2A

GU

PPY

3

Sa

ilfi

sh

T

ang

T

ota

l

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

ATT

AC

K

SUB

MA

RIN

ES

By

Cla

ss

So

vie

t U

nio

n

SSG

N -

Ch

arl

ie

Ech

o

I1

Osc

ar

Pa

pa

T

ota

l

SSN

-

Alp

ha

Ech

o I

Nov

embe

r V

icto

r Y

ank

ee

To

tal

SSG

-

Ju

lie

tt

Wh

isk

ey

To

tal

S S

-

Fo

xtr

ot

Go

lf

Qu

eb

ec

R

omeo

T

ang

o

Wh

isk

ey

Zu

lu

To

tal

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

CRS

- 91 -

Table 2 1 (Con't)

I P 1 m

a U m u u m 0 u

a 01 u b a , . 3 a g: U 0

E rn a,

$ .rl aJ I4 h m a E 3 P 3 rn rn a,

P 1

5 u d 5 s N U

c rn 1 4 m d

71

5 3 . rl - m aJ m

2 -2 C m U $3 -: m m . rl - 4 w 4 ri m o e w

h u al Ol u .d 4-1 > cd 0 cn rn

aJ a, c aJ .d h b e 2 GI

--

--

AN

TI-

SH

IP

MIS

SIL

E/R

OC

KE

T

CH

AR

AC

TE

RIS

TIC

S

Fir

st

Ran

ge

Pay

loa

d

Dep

loy

ed

(~

il

es

)

War

hea

d

~r

Yie

ld

UN

ITE

D

STA

TE

S S

ub

roc

1

96

6

3 5

N

uke

1

Har

po

on

-

2/

19

7 7

3

5

HE

50

0

ibs

SOV

IET

U

NIO

N

Su

bro

c

19

79

?

HE

, N

uke

? ?

KT

SS-N

-19

19

80

2

50

H

E,

Nuk

e ?

? KT

SS

-N-1

2 3

/ -

19

76

3

45

H

E,

Nuk

e ?

KT

SS-N

-7

19

68

3 0

H

E,

Nuk

e ?

KT

SS-N

-3

19

62

1

50

-25

0

HE

, N

uke

? KT

1/

Lau

nch

w

eig

ht

is

4,0

75

lb

s.

Pa

ylo

ad

i

s c

las

sif

ied

. -

21 H

arp

oo

n

ran

ge

is

35

mil

es

la

un

ch

ed

fr

om

su

rfa

ce

sh

ip o

r -

sub

ma

rin

e,

12

0 m

ile

s

if

air

-la

un

ch

ed

fr

om

P-3

O

rio

n.

CRS

T a b l e 22

MAJOR COMBATANTS BY FLEET J a n u a r y 1, 1 9 8 1

So

vie

t U

nio

n -11

A

irc

raft

Ca

rrie

rs

Kie

v C

las

s

Mos

kva

Cla

ss

To

tal

Cru

ise

rs

De

stro

ye

rs

Fri

ga

tes

Su

bm

ari

ne

s S

tra

teg

ic

Nu

cle

ar

Die

se

l T

ota

l

Att

ac

k

Nu

cle

ar

Die

se

l T

ota

l

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

No

rth

ern

B

alt

ic

Bla

ck

Se

a

Pa

cif

ic

Fle

et

-- 21

F

lee

t F

lee

t -

2/

Fle

et

To

tal

1/

Inc

lud

es

sh

ips

in

th

e I

nd

ian

Oce

an,

ma

inly

fr

om

P

ac

ific

Fle

et.

-

2/

Mo

st

sh

ips

in

th

e M

ed

ite

rra

ne

an

co

me

from

Bla

ck

Sea

Fle

et.

-

Som

e su

bm

ari

ne

s co

me

fro

m N

ort

he

rn F

lee

t.

CRS

- 95 -

Tab le 23 U . S . C O A S T GUARD COMBATANTS

CRS

-96-

T a b l e 2 3 ( c o n t )

CRS

Graph 8

AIRLIFT AND SEALIFT Statistical Summary

(Note Different Scales)

Strategic Airl'ift Tactical Airlift 600 900

Note: US. airlift and merchant ships include reserve components. I / Does not include Soviet air cushion vehicles.

Merchant Marine Cargo Ships Amphibious Lift

500

400

us.

1500 120

1250 - S o h t ,,4*

1970 1975 1980 1970 1975 1980

-

300

200

100

-

450

300

150

0

-

-

- Soviet ,+d

O ' * 1 9 t 7 I

-4

-

-

I l l 1

L -

-

,d-- -

,r I l l

100

-

-

I I I I

-

80 1000

*-4* 4

750 60

500 40

-

.

- 250

4--'

O ' I I I I

Soviet * -' - d+- - m4 -

I I I I 0 I l l 1 I l l 1

1970 1975 1980 1970 1975 1980

- 20

STR

AT

EG

IC

AIR

LIF

T

Uni

:ed

Sta

tes

.-

1/

hc

tiv

e

C-5

G

ala

xy

C

-133

C

arg

om

ast

er

C-1

41

Sta

rli

fte

r

To

tal

Re

serv

e

C-9

7 S

tra

tofr

eig

hte

r C

-124

G

lob

em

ast

er

To

tal

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

So

vie

t U

nio

n

AN

-22

Co

ck

11.-

76

Can

did

T

ota

?

U.

S.

Sta

nd

ing

TA

CT

ICA

L A

IRL

IFT

IJn

ite

d S

tate

s -

1/

Ac

tiv

e

C-7

C

ari

bo

u

C-1

23

Pro

vid

er

C-1

30

He

rcu

les

To

tal

Re

serv

e

C-7

C

ari

bo

u

C-1

19

Fly

ing

Bo

xca

r C

-123

P

rov

ide

r C

-130

H

erc

ule

s T

ota

l

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

So

vie

t U

nio

n

2/

AN

-12

cub

-

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

*

NE

T

i K-

V.1G

Z 1

97

0-i

98

C

+6

8

-38

p

ar -

+3

0

-32

-20

8

P

-24

0

-21

0

+4

0

+loo

-

+1

40

-35

0

-80

-60

-1

76

-

-31

6

+4

8

-4 8

+

56

+

21

2

-

+2

68

-4 8

-23

0

+1

82

GRA

ND

TO

TAL

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

S

ov

iet

Un

ion

U.

S.

Sta

nd

ing

UTI

LITY

/CA

RG

O

HE

LIC

OPT

ER

S

Un

ite

d

Sta

tes

3-1

Arm

y C

H-3

4 C

ho

ctaw

C

H-3

7 M

oja

ve

CH

-47

Ch

ino

ok

C

H-5

4 F

lyin

g C

ran

e U

H-1

Ir

oq

uo

is

UH

-60

Bla

ckh

awk

T

ota

l

Mar

ine

CH

-46

Se

a K

nig

ht

CH

-53

Se

a S

tall

ion

T

ota

l

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

So

vie

t U

nio

n

Ha

re;

Ho

pli

te

Ho

un

d;

Hip

; H

ind

H

ook T

ota

l

U.

S.

Sta

nd

ing

--

JET

CHA

NG

E 1970-1980

-25

8

-90

-16

8

-23

5

-5 1

-4

8

+ 2

-41

4

+8

0 -

-66

6

-44

-1 0

-

-54

-72

0

+7

00

+

30

0

+2

00

-

+I2

00

-1 9

20

1/

U.S

. a

irc

ra

ft

ar

e P

AA

o

nly

. - 21

So

vie

t ta

cti

ca

l a

irc

ra

ft

ex

clu

de

a

larg

e n

um

ber

o

f "

ca

ts

and

d

og

s"

fo

r w

hic

h

the

U.S

. in

tell

ige

nc

e

-

com

mu

nit

y

ha

s n

o

ac

cu

rate

co

un

t.

Th

eir

in

div

idu

al

ca

pa

bil

itie

s a

re

co

mp

ara

tiv

ely

sm

all

bu

t c

um

ula

tiv

e

co

ntr

ibu

tio

ns

ar

e c

on

sid

era

ble

. 31

S

tre

ng

ths

fo

r U

.S.

he

lic

op

ters

r

ef

lec

t a

cti

ve

in

ve

nto

ry

air

cr

af

t o

nly

. S

ov

iet

sta

tis

tic

s e

xc

lud

e

gu

nsh

ips

show

n i

n T

ab

le

15

alt

ho

ug

h s

ome

ca

rgo

he

lic

op

ters

s

erv

e d

ua

l p

urp

ose

.

TR

AN

SPO

RT

AIR

CR

AFT

CH

AR

AC

TER

ISTI

CS

Rang

e w

ith

Min

imum

Po

wer

Crui

sing

M

axim

um

Max

Loa

d R

unm

y Le

ngth

Pl

ant

Spee

d C

argo

Load

N

autic

al

fF&

? N

R

T!P

(K

nots

) fl

bd

(mile

s)'

TI0

La

nd

Pax

Para

Tm

opsJ

UN

ITE

D STATES

Act i

vc

C-5

4

Jet

450

209,

000

2565

' 77

00

4610

34

3 0

C-1

30F

4 T

urb

o p

rop

280

42,0

00

2000

26

00

2700

91

64

C

-141

4

Jet

425

63,6

00

2835

63

00

3840

13

1 I2

3 R

cmv

C-7

2

Pro

p

140

6,00

0 10

0 10

00

1000

31

25

C

lt3

K

4 2

Jet

145

17,6

00

100

1325

11

50

58

58

2 P

rop

C

-130

A

4 T

urbo

pro

p 29

0 Z

,000

10

75

1850

18

50

89

64

C-1

308

4 T

urb

o p

rop

290

35,0

00

1575

24

00

2400

91

64

SO

VIE

T U

NIO

N'

3

AN

-12

Cu

b

4 T

urb

o p

rop

32

0 44

,000

40

0 23

00

1640

90

60

AN

-22

Coc

k 4

Tu

rbo

pro

p

350

176,

200

2200

42

60

2620

17

5 0

1G76

Can

did

4 Je

t 43

0 w

Joo

2700

33

00

1600

14

0 14

0

'Ran

ges

corr

espo

nd w

ith l

oads

sho

wn.

Per

form

ance

dat

a pr

edic

ated

on

war

time

max

imum

gro

ss ta

keof

f w

eigh

ts,

no w

ind,

and

max

imum

fue

l re

serv

es.

Lig

hter

load

s al

low

long

er r

ange

s.

'Min

imum

run

way

len

gths

sho

wn

abov

e ap

ply

to o

rrm

gc, n

ot m

axim

rim,

gros

s ta

keof

f w

eigh

ts.

'Pax

st

ands

for

pas

seng

ers;

par

a fo

r pa

ratr

oops

. 'C

-5

rang

e is

unr

ehre

ied.

'C

oke (AN-24) a

nd C

url (

AN

-26)

, bo

th s

imila

r to

Fokk

er F

-27s

, am

sca

rcel

y su

itabl

e fo

r mos

t air

lift p

urpo

ses.

Coo

t (IG28). a

med

ium

tra

nspo

rt,

is

assi

gned

rlm

ost

excl

usiv

ely

to A

erof

lot,

rath

er t

han

Sovi

et A

ir F

om

uni

ts.

All

thre

e ar

e th

eref

ore

excl

uded

.

NET

CHANGE

1970-1980

UN

ITED

ST

AT

ES

Mil

ita

ry S

ea

lift

Com

man

d

Nu

cleu

s C

arg

o

Tan

ker

T

ota

l

Ch

art

er

Car

go

T

ank

er

To

tal

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

Rem

ain

der

A

cti

ve

M

erch

ant

Mar

ine

1/

-

Car

go

T

ank

er

To

tal

Fla

gs

of

Co

nv

enie

nce

2/

-

Car

go

T

ank

er

To

tal

To

tal

Ac

tiv

e

Car

go

T

ank

er

To

tal

Nat

io

na

l D

efen

se

Res

erv

e F

lee

t 2

1

-

Car

go

T

ank

er

To

tal

CRS

- 102 -

Table 2 5 (con't)

-

CA

RG

O S

HIP

CH

AR

AC

TE

RIS

TIC

S

UN

ITE

D S

TATE

S Bo

om

Mar

ad

Ship

C

apac

ify

Spee

d Ca

paci

ty

Cont

aine

r L

igh

td

Des

ign

Cla

ss

(MIT

I' DWT2

(Kno

ts)

(Ton

s)

~op

acit

g Ba

rges

Bre

ak Bulk

Part

ial

Con

tain

ersh

ip

Self

-sus

tain

ing

Con

tain

ersh

ip

Con

tain

ersh

ip,

Non

Sel

faus

tain

ing

Las

h4

Sea

geeg

RO

iRO

Ade

lphi

Vic

tory

Shel

don

Lyk

es

Cha

lleng

er

Aus

tral

Pilo

t

Pres

iden

t Po

lk

C.

V.

Lig

htni

ng

Am

eric

an A

ce

Sea-

Lan

d G

allo

way

(9

,-7)

.

Lash M

ia

Doc

tor L

ykes

1x

50

'1x

60

4 x

10

2x

15

. 1

x7

0

4 x

15

2 x

10

2 x

10

4 x

22

1x

60

Non

e

Non

e

Non

e

1x

30

1

x5

00

(C

rane

)

2000

(E

leva

tors

)

Non

e

Non

e

Non

e

Non

e

203-

20

380-

20

198-

40

928-

20

463-

20

23440

896-

35

200-

40

248-20

Non

e

Non

e

2 x

15

Non

e

Non

e

Non

e

Non

e

Non

e

Non

e

Non

e

Non

e

Non

e

49 w

ith

cont

aine

rs.

62 w

itho

ut

38 B

arge

s

Non

e

Non

e -

'Mea

sure

men

t to

n (MII) e

qual

s &

cub

ic f

eet

'DW

T st

ands

for

dead

wei

ght

tons

'2

OS2

O i

nd

ica

t~

203

Mfo

ot c

onta

inen

, an

d w

, on

. 'L

ash

ligh

ter

capa

city

475

Mm

'Sea

Bee

barg

e ap

adty

100

0 M

UN

ITE

D

STA

TE

S LC

C LK

A

LP A

LP

D

LP

SS

LS

D

LST

To

tal

He

lic

op

ter

Ca

rrie

rs 1/

LPH

LH

A

To

tal

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

SO

VIE

T

UN

ION

21

LP D

L

ST To

tal

Air

Cu

shio

n

Ve

hic

les

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

U.S

. S

tan

din

g

LCC

=

Am

ph

ibio

us

Com

man

d S

hip

LK

A

= A

mp

hib

iou

s C

arg

o

Sh

ip

LPA

=

A

mp

hib

iou

s T

ran

spo

rt

LST

=

L

an

din

g

Sh

ip T

ank

LC

M

=

La

nd

ing

C

raft

, M

ech

aniz

ed

LC

PL

=

La

nd

ing

C

raft

, P

ers

on

ne

l LC

U

=

La

nd

ing

C

raft

, U

tili

ty

LPD

=

A

mp

hib

iou

s T

ran

spo

rt D

ock

LP

SS

=

A

mp

hib

iou

s T

ran

spo

rt

Su

bm

ari

ne

LC

VP

=

La

nd

ing

C

raft

, V

eh

icle

, P

ers

on

ne

l -

LSD

=

L

an

din

g

Sh

ip D

ock

LVTP

=

L

an

din

g V

eh

icle

, T

rac

ke

d,

Pe

rso

nn

el

1/

He

lic

op

ter

ca

rr

ier

s a

re

th

e s

ame

sh

ips

sh

ow

n

on

Ta

ble

1

7.

-

2/

So

vie

t L

SMs

(La

nd

ing

Sh

ips,

M

ec

ha

niz

ed

) c

orr

esp

on

d m

ore

c

los

ely

wit

h U

.S.

lan

din

g c

ra

ft

tha

n w

ith

am

ph

ibio

us

-

sh

ips

, a

nd

ar

e s

o l

iste

d.

Th

ey

cu

rre

ntl

y h

av

e

60

.

AM

PHIB

IOU

S SH

IP C

tiAR

AC

TE

RIS

TiC

S'

--

-

Grn

cral

F u

rl

Boor

ns,

Sp

d

Car

80

Vciri

clcs

At

trttto

Fu

rl

Bulk

Cr

arre

s (K

nots

) Tr

oops

(C

u fi

) (S

o ft

) (C

u ft

) D

rutn

s (G

al)

(Ton

s)

Boctt

s H

rlos

UN

ITE

D S

TATE

S LK

A 16

13

8 42

,518

21

,798

39

,988

60

0 N

one

4 x

35

6 L

CM

-6

Non

e R

anki

n C

lass

.2

x

10

6 LC

VP

6 X

5

2 LC

PL

1 L

CM

-8

LPA

Pa

ul R

ever

e CL

20

+

1657

13

5,45

7 10

,132

11

,471

90

5 A

VC

AS:

2

x 60

7

LC

M-6

1

CH

-53

5900

1

x 30

10

LCV

P 3

x 10

5

LCPL

2

x

8 2

x

5

LP

~

Aus

tin

Cla

ss

20+

92

5 2,

176

11,1

27

16,6

60

MO

GA

S: 2

2,33

5 1 x

30

2

LCPL

2

CH

-53

AV

CA

S: 9

7,32

8 6

x 4

2 LC

VP

AV

LU

B: 4

,500

2

x 1.

5 JP

-5: 2

24,5

72

LSD3

20+

341

Non

e 8,

754

3,00

0 A

VC

AS:

120

0 2

x 50

2 LCVP

1 C

H-5

3 _

Tho

mas

ton

Cla

ss

or

2 LC

PL

MO

GA

S: 1

200

Die

sel:

39

.M -

'Eac

h cl

ass

is d

iffe

rent

. Shi

ps a

bove

are

cur

rent

ly in

wid

est

uusc.

'L

PD c

an c

arry

am

rnun

ttto

n or

gen

eral

car

go, b

ut n

ot b

oth

'Sam

ple

load

s: 3

LC

U; o

r 19

LC

M-6

; or

9 L

CM

-8;

or 4

8 LV

TP.

SOV

IET

I:Y

TON

LPD

Iv

an

Ro

go

v

20

55

0+

10

ta

nk

s 3

AC

V -

2/

'

30

APC

11

--

1/

APC

is

arm

ore

d

pe

rso

nn

el

ca

rrie

r.

- - 2_/

A'

:V

is

air

cu

shio

n

vrh

irle

.

LST

CH

AR

AC

TE

RIS

TIC

S

Gen

eral

U

rrlk

SF&

C

nrp

Vr

lr rc

lrs

Am

o Fu

el (K

nots

) T

mp

s (T

ohs)

(S

arc~

ple Io

adsl

IC

u ft

) (G

all

Bm

ts

Hel

os

UN

ITE

D S

TATE

S 11

79 C

lass

20

+ 43

1 500

25 L

VT,

17

2,552

254,

000

3 LC

VP

1 C

H-5

3 (b

each

) 2'

1~

T T

ruck

s D

iese

l;

1 LC

PL

2000

or

7,

197

over

LST

- 21

M-6

0 T

anks

M

OG

AS

; in

stal

led

17 Z

1I2T

Tru

cks

134,

4311

ca

usew

ay

AV

CA

S

SOV

IET

UN

ION

A

lliga

tor

15

375

26 T

anks

LA

ND

ING

CR

AFT

CH

AR

AC

TE

RSI

TIC

S

UN

ITE

D S

TA

TE

S LC

M-6

9

80

34

3 '1,

-T T

ruck

s or

1 2

'lrT

Tru

clJT

raile

r L

CM

-8

I2

150

60

1 M

-60

Tan

k LCU'

8 40

0 18

0 3

M-6

0 T

anks

LC

V P

8

36

8100

1

'4-T

Tru

cWra

iler

LVTP

7 28

N

one

Non

e

SOV

IET

UN

ION

LS

M

Poln

ocny

A

18

200

6 T

anks

Po

lnoc

ny C

18

30

5 T

anks

'L

CU

is 1

610

scne

s

CRS

- 107 -

REGIONAL COMPARISONS

January 1981

T h i s s e c t i o n compares U.S. and Sov ie t Union s t a t i s t i c a l s t r e n g t h s i n r e - g ions of key conce rn , f i r s t Europe, t h e n E a s t As i a and t h e P a c i f i c . Ne i the r s i d e c o n s i s t e n t l y c o n f r o n t s t h e o t h e r w i t h l a r g e - s c a l e armed f o r c e s anywhere e l s e i n t h e world.

U.S. and Sovie t s t r e n g t h i s t h e c o r e o f NATO and t h e Warsaw Pac t r e spec - t i v e l y , b u t a l l i e s make s u b s t a n t i a l c o n t r i b u t i o n s i n each c a s e . S t a t i s t i c s t h e r e f o r e cover p r i n c i p a l s p l u s p a r t n e r s .

A l l i e s and a s s o c i a t e s p l a y l e s s prominent r o l e s a l o n g t h e P a c i f i c pe r iph - e r y . Some c o l l e a g u e s pos se s s s u b s t a n t i a l armed s e r v i c e s b u t , e x c e p t f o r J apan , they a r e t i g h t l y t i e d t o home t e r r i t o r i e s , and t h e r e f o r e l a c k much a b i l i t y t o b e a r on t h e superpower b a l a n c e . S t a t i s t i c s i n t h i s summary r e f l e c t t h a t s i t u a - t i o n .

S i g n i f i c a n t a d d i t i o n s and recomputa t ions r e s u l t from b e t t e r b a s i c d a t a and c l a r i f i e d coun t ing r u l e s . Some e n t r i e s c o r r e l a t e p o o r l y w i th J anua ry 1980 com- p i l a t i o n s f o r t h o s e r e a s o n s .

NA

TO

U.S

. L/

O

the

r TO

TAL

NA

TO

2/

-

Pe

rso

nn

el

31

2

76

,00

0

72

8,2

00

1

,00

4,2

00

Div

isio

ns

Co

mm

itte

d

41

-

Arm

or

2 1

13

O

the

r T

ota

l

Rea

dy

R

ein

forc

em

en

ts

5/

-

Arm

or

Oth

er

To

tal

Su

b-T

ota

l 16

Fir

st-

Lin

e

Re

serv

es

61

-

Arm

or

Oth

er

To

tal

To

tal

Div

isio

ns

Med

ium

T

ank

s 7

/ ~

e~

lo

~e

d-

PO

MCU

S T

ota

l

Ta

cti

ca

l A

irc

raft

8/

Bom

bers

F

igh

ter/

At

tac

k

Inte

rce

pto

rs

To

tal

MRB

M/

IRB

M

9 /

-

WAR

SAW

PA

CT

U.S

.S.R

. O

the

r TO

TAL

1 /

-

War

saw

P

ac t

NA

TO

STA

ND

ING

-24

5,1

00

-3

21

3

-17

1

/3

-2 1

+2

2

13

+

16

1

13

+

19

- 2

- 9

-4

- -

-13

-15

-17

,14

5

+7

70

-1

6,3

75

+I7

0

+2

40

-8

15

-

-40

5

-54

2

CRS

Table 27 ( C o n ' t

l / 1J.S. Personnel s t r e n g t h s a r e a c t i v e Army and A i r Force o n l y . The Sov ie t s i d e i n c l u d e s - CAT I11 d i v i s i o n s a t c u r r e n t s t r e n g t h s . Sov ie t pe r sonne l t o t a l 410,000 i n Eas t Germany, 50,000 i n Poland , and 75,000 i n Czechoslovakia.

2 / French Army and A i r Force t o t a l s a r e inc luded i n a l l c a t e g o r i e s , even though t h o s e - f o r c e s a r e n o t under NATO c o n t r o l and on ly t h r e e d i v i s i o n s a r e deployed i n Germany. Danish and German f o r c e s i n t h e Schleswig-Holstein Province on t h e base of t h e J u t l a n d Pen insu l a a r e t e c h n i c a l l y a p a r t o f NATO's n o r t h f l a n k , bu t a r e counted i n t h e c e n t e r s e c t o r f o r purposes o f t h i s comparison.

3/ NATO personnel s t r e n g t h s a r e a c t i v e f o r c e s on ly . They i n c l u d e 276,000 Americans, 78,000 - Belg i ans , 4 ,400 Canadians, 53,200 French, 441,300 Germans ( exc lud ing f o r c e s w i th AFNORTH), 700 Luxembourgers, 73,100 from t h e Ne the r l ands , and 17,500 B r i t i s h , f o r a t o t a l o f 1 ,004 ,200. Warsaw Pact i n c l u d e s CAT I11 d i v i s i o n s a t c u r r e n t s t r e n g t h s . The t o t a l r e f l e c t s 535,000 Sov ie t f o r c e s , 150,300 Eas t Germans, 364,000 P o l e s , and 200,000 Czechs.

4 / Committed NATO d i v i s i o n s a r e t hose i n West Germany. A l l U.S. d i v i s i o n s a r e Army. Three - CONUS-based Reforger d i v i s i o n s have one b r igade each forward-deployed i n Germany. Warsaw Pact d i v i s i o n s a r e t hose i n Eas t Germany, Czechoslavakia and Poland. C L I a r e CAT I. Div i s ion e q u i v a l e n t s a r e excluded.

5 / U.S. Ready Reinforcements do not conform t o c u r r e n t cont ingency p l a n s . They r e f l e c t what - - could be committed qu ick ly , r a t h e r than what n e c e s s a r i l y would: 8 f u l l Amy, p a r t s of two Reforger d i v i s i o n s ( t h a t show a s 113 and 213 r e s ~ e c t i v e l ~ m two Marine Amphibious Force (MAF) d iv i s ion /wing teams. NATO Ready Reinforcements a r e 6 French, 2 Be lq i an , and 3 Dutch d i v i s i o n s . Sov ie t l i s t s a r e r e s t r i c t e d t o CAT I and I1 d i v i s i o n s i n t h e B a l t j c , Belorus- s i a n , and Carpa th ian M i l i t a r y D i s t r i c t s .

61 F i r s t L ine Reserves do not conform t o c u r r e n t cont ingency p l a n s , which contempla te with- - ho ld ing two o r more d i v i s i o n s i n i t i a l l y , i nc lud ing t h e l i e h t 82d a i r b o r n e . I n s t e a d , they r e f l e c t re inforcement by a l l f o r c e s i n CONUS and CIWPACs Army r e s e r v e t o show t h e b e s t p o s s i b l e U.S. c a s e : one a c t i v e Army d i v i s i o n ( i n Korea) , s i x i n t h e Na t iona l Guard, and two MAFs (one a c t i v e , one r e s e r v e ) . Sov ie t f o r c e s a r e CAT I11 d i v i s i o n s i n t h e B a l t i c , Be lo rus s i an , and Carpa th ian M i l i t a r y D i s t r i c t s .

7/ The United S t a t e s has r ep l aced a l l Sher idan l i g h t t a n k s w i th M-60 mediums. The number i:f - Sov ie t r e s e r v e s tock t anks i s no t a s c e r t a i n a b l e .

8/ A i r c r a f t s t a t i s t i c s exc lude U.S. dual-based f o r c e s i n CONUS. F-111s count a s medium - bombers. U.S. a i r c r a f t i n Great B r i t a i n and Spain show.

9/ U.S. Persh ing m i s s i l e s a r e SRSMs, with a maximum range of about 400 m i l e s , s o do n o t - coun t . The 18 NATO MRBM/IRBMs a r e French. About one- th i rd of MRBM/IRBM~ a r e i n Europ?*.n Russia . Another t h i r d i n Western S i b e r i a could cove r E u r o ~ e a n t a r g e t s on c a l l .

CRS

Table 28 NATO/WARSAW PACT DIVISIONS

D e t a i l e d Breakout , Center S e c t o r

J anua ry 1 , 1981

Armor

NATO DIVISIONS

Committed D i v i s i o n s I n West Germany ~ e l g i u m 0 B r i t a i n 4 Canada 0 France 1 / 3 U.S. 2/- 2 113 West Germany 2/ 8

SEPARATE BRIGADES,

T o t a l 17 113

Other T o t a l

Ready Reinforcements Belgium 0 1 1 Denmark 3 / 0 1 1 France 1 7 5 6 11 etherl lands 0 3 3 U.S. - 21 1 213 9 113 11

REGIMENTS

T o t a l 6 213 20 113 2 7 I 6

1 / French Army and Air Force t o t a l s a r e inc luded i n a l l c a t e g o r i e s , a l t hough t h e y - a r e n o t under NATO c o n t r o l .

F i r s t - L i n e Reserves Nether lands 0 0 0 U.S. 2 / 2 7 9 ~ e l g i u m 0 0 0 B r i t a i n 0 0 0

Grand To ta l 2 6 3 6 6 2

2/ See Table 2 7 f o r n o t e s on U.S. d i v i s i o n s . U.S. b r i gades l r eg imen t s i n c l u d e t h e - B e r l i n Br igade and two armored c a v a l r y reg iments . Ready r e in fo rcemen t s a r e two a c t i v e b r i g a d e s and one ACR i n CONUS. F i r s t - l i n e r e s e r v e s a r e 14 r e s e r v e com- ponent b r i g a d e s and f o u r ACRs. our s e p a r a t e b r i g a d e s j o i n a c t i v e d i v i s i o n s under t h e "round ou t " program. Two r e p l a c e school t r o o p s a t F o r t Benning and Fo r t Knox. Br igades i n Alaska and Panama s t and f a s t . )

3 18

2 4

3 9

3 1 Danish and German f o r c e s i n t h e Schleswig-Holstein Province on t h e b a s e of t h e - J u t l a n d P e n i n s u l a a r e t e c h n i c a l l y a p a r t o f NATO's n o r t h f l a n k , b u t a r e counted i n t h e c e n t e r s e c t o r f o r purposes of t h i s comparison. Zero b r i g a d e s a r e c m n t e d f o r Germany s i n c e t e r r i t o r i a l f o r c e s a r e n o t i n c l u d e d .

CRS

- 111 -

Table 28 ( c o n ' t )

WARSAW PACT DIVISIONS TOTAL

CATEGORY I I I I11

I n Czechoslovakia Czech Tank 5 Motor R i f l e 5

To ta l 10

Sovie t Tank 2 Motor R i f l e 3

Tota l 5

Grand T o t a l 1 5

I n Eas t Germany East German Tank 2 Motor R i f l e 4

Tota l 6

Sovie t Tank 9 Motor R i f l e 10 -

T o t a l 19

Grand T o t a l 2 5

I n Poland P o l i s h Tank 5 Motor R i f l e 8 Other 2 T o t a l 15

Sovie t Tank 2 Motor R i f l e 0

T o t a l 2

Grand T o t a l 1 7

CRS

Table 28 (con't)

Total Committed Non-Sovie t Tank 12 Motor Rifle 17 Other

Total

Soviet Tank 13 Motor Rifle 13 -

Total 26

Grand Total 5 7 4 9 4 4

In Western Russia Ready Reinforcements 4

(all Soviet) 4 - 8

First-Line Reserves 11 (all Soviet) - 11

2 2

Grand Total 8 7

CRS

Table 29 bJATC)/WAWAW PACT NAVAL COMPARISONS

( Janua ry 1 , 1981)

A t t ack C r u i s e r s F r i g a t e s P a t r o l Yine Amphi - A i r c r a f t Sub- and and Ships 6 Warfare b ious C a r r i e r s marines11 Des t roye r s C o r v e t t e s C r a f t Sh ips Ships2 /

NATO Be1 qium B r i t a i n Canada Denmark France W . Germany Greece I t a l y Nether lands Norway Por tuga l Turkey

Tot a1

1J. S. A t l a n t i c F l e e t 6 4 2

Grand To ta l 11 177 160 202 271 267 7 1

WARSAW PACT Bu lqa r i a 0 4 0 2 27 24 0 E . Germany 0 0 0 2 8 2 3 3 12 Poland 31 0 4 1 0 5 0 2 5 2 3 ~ o m a n i a- 0 28 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 6 6 -

0 8 1 -

4 -

Tot a1 225 110 3 5

Sov ie t F l e e t s 4 / 3 - 194 7 7 122 570 115 15

Grand Tot a1 3 202 78 126 795 225 5 0

NATO St and i ng + 8 -25 +82 +76 -524 +4 2 +2 1

11 Excludes 2 B r i t i s h and 2 French b a l l i s t i c m i s s i l e submarines. - 21 Amphibious s h i p s i nc lude LSTs, LSDs, LPDs, and LSMs, p l u s h e l i c o p t e r c a r r i e r s . Landing -

c r a f t s a r e n o t inc luded .

3 / Poland h a s a sea- landing d i v i s i o n o f about 5,000 t r a i n e d f o r amphibious a s s a u l t o p e r a t i o n s . - I t s nava l a v i a t i o n reg iments c o n t a i n s 10 reconnaissance /bombers , 40 j e t f i g h t e r s , and 2 5 h e l i c o p t e r s .

4 / Sov ie t f o r c e s a r e found i n B a l t i c , Black Sea , Nor thern , and Medi te r ranean F l e e t s . -

CRS

- 114 - Tab le 30

NATO I S NORTH FLANK

January 1 , 1981

NORWAY 1 / -

FORCES ASHORE Personnel 3 /

Ground Fo rces 19 ,000 A i r Fo rce s 9,400

T o t a l 28,400

D i v i s i o n s Armored Other

To ta l

TANKS 115

AIRCRAFT Medium Bombers F i g h t e r I A t t a c k I n t e r c e ~ t o r s Reconnaissance

T o t a l

SOVIET U N I O N - 2/

Kola P e n i n s u l a Elsewhere

I / Danish and German f o r c e s i n t h e Schleswig-Holstein Province on t h e b a s e of - t h e J u t l a n d P e n i n s u l a a r e t e c h n i c a l l y a p a r t o f NATO's n o r t h f l a n k , bu t a r e counted i n t h e c e n t e r s e c t o r f o r purposes of t h i s comparison.

2/ S o v i e t f o r c e s a r e l i m i t e d t o t h e Leningrad M i l i t a r y D i s t r i c t . -

3/ NATO's land and a i r f o r c e s a r e a c t i v e Norwegian on ly . -

FORCES AFLOAT 1 /

-

Submarines

Strategic

Nuclear -

21

Diese 1

Total

Attack

Nuclear

Diesel

Total

GRAND TOTAL

European

Members

0

0 -

0

0

103

-

103

103

Surface Combatants

Aircraft Carriers

4

Cruisers/Destroyers 51

Frigates/Corvettes 122

Total

177

Amphibious Ships -

31

17

AT0

U.S. 2n(

Fleet

3 1

0 -

3 1

3 8

0 -

38

6 9

5

5 3

33 -

9 1

26

Total

WARSAW PACT

Total

4 3

13

-

5 6

65

109 -

174

230

1

4 4

7 7

-

122

2 5

SOVIET UNION

Northern Baltic

Fleet

Fleet

East

Poland Germany

1/ NATO's naval

strength opposing the Soviet Northern and Baltic Fleets comprises the U.S.

- Second Fleet and forces from Belgium, Britain, Canada, Denmark, France (minus naval forces

shown on Table 31).

West Germany, the Netherlands, and Norway.

Only part of NATO's

strength normally deploys near the Greenland-Iceland-Faeros

Gap.

2/ Thirty-one ballistic missile submarines (SSBNS) are controlled by the JCS through Atlantic

- Command. They show with U. S. 2d Fleet for convenience only.

31 LSTs and LPDs only. Poland has 20 LSMs.

-

NA

TO

War

saw

P

ac

t S

ov

iet

Un

ion

T

ota

l

FOR

CES

A

SHO

RE -

1 /

Com

bat

Tro

op

s D

ire

ct

Su

pp

ort

2/

1

,02

0,0

00

3

91

,00

0

Div

isio

ns

Arm

ored

2

1

2

Oth

er

32

5 2

-

-

To

tal

3 4

69

Tan

ks

7,0

00

1

5,0

00

Air

cra

ft

31

M

ediu

m b

e r s

0

1

00

F

igh

terI

Att

ac

k

58

0

35

0

Inte

rce

pto

rs

-

20

0

93

0

To

tal

78

0

1,38

0

Me

dit

err

an

ea

n

U.S

. M

embe

rs

of

Six

th

NA

TO

Fle

et

FOR

CE

S A

FLO

AT

4/

Air

cra

ft

~a

rr

Te

rs

A

tta

ck

1

1

He

lic

op

ter

0

1

Cru

ise

rs

3

3

De

stro

ye

rs

3 8

2

~

rig

ate

s/C

orv

ett

es

T

ota

l

Att

ac

k

Su

bm

ari

ne

s 5

/ 29

4

A

mp

hib

iou

s S

hip

s -

67

2

5

3

Gra

nd

T

ota

l 1

27

17

Nav

al

Air

cra

ft A

flo

at -

7/

111

5 8

F

igh

ter

Sq

ua

dro

ns

0

2

Att

ac

k

Sq

ua

dro

ns

2 3

NATC

T

ot:

W

P

To

tal

0 2

10

2

6

4 7

-

8 5

2 8

5

11

8

0

0 0

So

vie

t U

nio

n

Bu

lga

ria

M

ed

Bla

ck

Se

a

CRS

Tab le 31 ( c o n ' t )

1 / NATO f o r c e s a sho re a r e i n I t a l y , Greece , and Turkey. Warsaw P a c t f o r c e s a r e - i n B u l g a r i a , Hungary, and Romania. S o v i e t d i v i s i o n s a r e i n Hungary and southwes te rn M i l i t a r y D i s t r i c t s (Odessa , Kiev , North Caucasus, T ranscaucasus , p a r t o f T u r k i s t a n MDs . )

21 NATO pe r sonne l s t r e n g t h s i n c l u d e U.S. and B r i t i s h u n i t s . -

3 1 NATO a i r s t r e n g t h s i n c l u d e U.S. squadrons i n Spa in . -

4 / Average nava l deployments a r e shown, b u t c an v a r y s l i g h t l y depending on what - mix i s p r e s e n t a t any g iven t ime . NATO i n c l u d e s Greece , Turkey, and I t a l y , p l u s one French a t t a c k c a r r i e r , one c r u i s e r , 5 d e s t r o y e r s , 7 f r i g a t e s , and 111 n a v a l a i r c r a f t (80 a f l o a t ) .

51 The Black Sea F l e e t h a s 24 a t t a c k submarines a s s i g n e d ; 9-10 a r e u s u a l l y ' deployed i n t h e Medi te r ranean .

6 1 LSTs and LPDs on ly . -

7 1 Sov ie t land-based nava l a i r c r a f t w i th t h e Black Sea F l e e t i nc luded 100 bombers - and f i g h t e r l a t t a c k a i r c r a f t , 110 fixed-wing a i r c r a f t and h e l i c o p t e r s f o r ASW purposes on January 1, 1981.

CRS

T a b l e 32 EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC

J a n u a r y 1, 1 9 8 1

DIVISIONS Army M a r i n e

T o t a l

NAVAL INFANTRY 2/ REGIMENTS

MEDIUM TANKS Army M a r i n e

T o t a l

BOMBERS 4 / A i r ~ o r c e

S t r i k e H e a v y Medium

T o t a l

S u p p o r t H e a v y Medium

T o t a l

Navy S t r i k e

H e a v y Medium

T o t a l

S u p p o r t H e a v y Medium

T o t a l

G r a n d T o t a l

FIGHTER/ATTACK AIRCRAFT

A i r F o r c e - 61 M a r i n e Navy

T o t a l

U n i t e d S t a t e s 1 / West P a c as t - ~ a c T o t a l

U.S.S.R. - 2 /

CRS

Table 32 (Can't)

United S t a t e s 11 West Pac Eas t Fac T o t a l U.S.S.R. 21

NAVAL SHIPS A i r c r a f t C a r r i e r s

At t a c k 3 H e l i c o p t e r 1

C r u i s e r s 7 / 4 D e s t r o y e r s 81 8 F r i g a t e s - 9 / - 14 -

Tot a1 30

Submarines S t r a t e ~ i c 5 A t t ack 9 -

Tot a1 14

Amphibious 101 - 7

11 See Table 3 3 f o r n o t e s r e l a t e d t o U.S. f o r c e s . - 2/ A l l Sov i e t f i y u r e s a r e con f ined t o f o r c e s i n t h e T r a n s b a i k a l and F a r E a s t -

M i l i t a r y D i s t r i c t s . 3/ The Two Sov ie t nava l i n f a n t r y r ey imen t s r e p o r t e d l y a r e s u b o r d i n a t e t o a -

"marine" d i v i s i o n h e a d q u a r t e r s , b u t no coo rd ina t ed e x e r c i s e s have y e t occu r r ed .

4 / Heavy "bombers" a r e Bear v a r i a n t s . Medium bombers a r e Badger v a r i a n t s . - Those f o r s t r i k e purposes c a r r y g r a v i t y bombs and /o r c r u i s e m i s s i l e s . Support types c a r r y ou t t a n k e r , r e conna i s sance , e l e c t r o q i c w a r f a r e , and o t h e r t a s k s . About 115 fixed-and ro ta ry-wine ASW a i r c r a f t a r e exc luded .

5/ S o v i e t i n t e r c e p t o r s a s s iqned t o P V O S t r any f o r homeland de fense cou ld sup - plement F r o n t a l Av ia t i on i n some c i r cums tances .

6/ S o v i e t f i g h t e r / a t t a c k a i r c r a f t exc lude r econna i s sance t y p e s a s s i q n e d t o - Fron t a1 Av ia t i on .

71 C r u i s e r s w i th t h e Sov ie t P a c i f i c F l e e t i n c l u d e 3 Kara, 1 Kres t a I , 3 K r e s t a - I I s , 2 Kyndas, and 2 Sverd lov C l a s s .

81 Des t roye r s w i th t h e Sov ie t P a c i f i c F l e e t i n c l u d e 3 Kanin, 4 Kashin, 1 Ki lden , - and 2 K o t l i n D D G s , p l u s Ki lden/Kot l in /Skoryy DDs.

9 / The 51 Sov ie t f r i g a t e s a r e a mix of Kola , Koni, and Riga C l a s s FFs, a l o n g - w i t h G r i s h a , Mirka, and Fe tya C l a s s FFLs. Gr i sha h e r e t o f o r e h a s been con- s i d e r e d a c o a s t a l combatant , bu t U.S. nava l i n t e l l i y e n c e now c a r r i e s t h a t c l a s s w i th f r i g a t e s . Kr ivak , once c a l l e d a d e s t r o y e r , i s now cons ide red a guided m i s s i l e f r i g a t e . Seven a r e i nc luded i n t h e Far E a s t t o t a l .

101 Amphibious s h i p s a r e 1 LPD and 10 LSTs. -

CRS

DIVISIONS Army Marine

T o t a l

MEDIUM TANKS Army Marine

T o t a l

BOMBERS 1 / -

FIGHTER~ATTACK AIRCRAFT 2 /

A i r Force F -4 F-4 F-15 F-4

T o t a l

Marine - 3 / F-4

AV-8 - 4 / T o t a l

Navy 51 F-4/F-14 A-6 A- 7

T o t a l

Grand To ta l

SHIPS A i r c r a f t C a r r i e r s

A t t ack 51 ~ e l i c o ~ t e r

T o t a l

Other S u r f a c e Combatants C r u i s e r s 6 1 ~ e s t r o ~ e r i 11 81 F r i g a t e s

Tab le 33 U.S. PACIFIC COMAND DETAILED BREAKOUT

January 1 , 1981

West Pac

1 Korea 213 Okinawa

1 213

155 Korea 34 Okinawa,

A f l o a t 189

14 Guam

4/72 Korea 2 /36 Okinawa 2/36 Okinawa 2/48 P h i l i p p i n e s

101192

2/24 Japan

1 /19 Japan 1 /10 Japan

6 Japan 4/59

Seventh F l e e t 6/72 3 /32

Mid, Eas t PAC

1 Hawaii 113 Hawaii

1 C a l i f o r n i a 2 113

13 Hawaii 133 C a l i f o r n i a

None

2/24 Hawaii 3 /36 C a l i f o r n i a 2 /38 C a l i f o r n i a 2/20 C a l i f o r n i a 119 Arizona

101127

Thi rd F l e e t 6/72 3 /4O

T o t a l

CRS

Table 33 (Con ' t )

West PAC Mid, East PAC Tot a1

FIGHTERIATTACK AIRCRAFT 2/ -

Submarines S t r a t e ~ i c Attack 81 91

T T ~ aT

Amphibious 101 Underway ~ e T e n i s h m e n t Other Support

Total 111 -

11 Bomber f i g u r e s exclude antisubmarine warfare (ASW) a i r c r a f t , such as - P-3s. B-52 bombers based i n Guam belong t o S t r a t e g i c A i r Command (SAC).

21 F i g h t e r l a t t a c k f igures i n d i c a t e squadrons/PAA a i r c r a f t . - 3/ Some a i r c r a f t from the Marine A i r Wing a t Misawa i n Japan opera te p a r t t ime -

from Kadena, i n Okinawa.

41 The s i x Marine AV-8 H a r r i e r s i n Japan a r e a detachment, not a squadron. - 5/ The a i r c r a f t c a r r i e r undeqo inq overhaul i s not included, but i t s airwing i s . -

It could f l v combat missions from land bases i f proper support were p resen t , o r from the 12th U.S. c a r r i e r which has no assiqned a i r L ~ n g .

6 / Three of PACOM's 14 c r u i s e r s a r e nuclear-powered. - 7 / Twenty-four DDs and 16 DDGs comprise the cur ren t des t royer mix. DDs include -

f i v e from t h e U.S. Naval Reserve.

81 Th i r ty - s ix of PACOM's 90 e s c o r t s and 14 out of 39 a t t a c k submarines were armed - with Harpoon c r u i s e m i s s i l e s on January 11, 1981. That f i g u r e i s inc reas ing r a p i d l y .

91 Three diesel-powered a t t a c k submarines a r e found i n East PAC. Two a re i n - West PAC. A l l the r e s t a r e nuclear-powered.

101 West PAC included an amphibious squadron of 1 LPH, 2 LSTs, 2 LPDs and 2 LSDs - on December 31, 1980. That f i g u r e f l u c t u a t e s .

111 A i r c r a f t c a r r i e r s , c r u i s e r s , and f r i g a t e s a r e a c t i v e Navy only . The U.S. - Naval Reserve provides 5 d e s t r o y e r s ; 2 amphibious sh ips ( 2 La); 9 mine war- f a r e v e s s e l s ; and 5 support sh ips . The Naval F l e e t Auxi l iary Force, which i s C i v i l Service manned, con ta ins 14 more support sh ips . Only the 5 DDs (note 7) a r e r e f l e c t e d i n t h i s t a b l e .

CRS

- 122 -

Annex D ORGANIZATIONAL SUBMARINES

1970-1979

Annex B f r a c t i o n a t e s U.S. and Sov ie t Armed S e r v i c e s t o compare them

f u n c t i o n a l l y . S t a t i s t i c s i n t h i s s e c t i o n p u t t h e same p i e c e s t o g e t h e r i n an

o r g a n i z a t i o n a l frame.

F i g u r e s i n t h i s f o rma t , however, a r e poo r ly s u i t e d f o r compara t ive pur-

p o s e s , s i n c e s e v e r a l f o r c e s on t h e two s i d e s a r e s t r u c t u r e d q u i t e d i f f e r e n t l y .

S o v i e t S t r a t e g i c Rocket Forces (SRF) , f o r example, a r e a s e p a r a t e e n t i t y f o r

which t h e r e i s no U.S. c o u n t e r p a r t . The S o v i e t s have no Marine Corps. And

s o on. These t a b l e s t h e r e f o r e s imply summarize U.S. and Sov ie t s t r e n g t h s ,

w i thou t a t t e m p t i n g t o s e t up e q u a t i o n s .

S i g n i f i c a n t a d d i t i o n s and recomputa t ions s i n c e t h e l a s t e d i t i o n r e s u l t

from b e t t e r d a t a and c l a r i f i e d c o u n t i n g r u l e s . See i n t r o d u c t i o n t o Annex B

f o r d e t a i l s .

CRS

Table 34 U . S . ARMY

o m o m % OwId a o a m a p y~~~ : s t a + m a w \ D m Q \ + - - m d

Antitank Guided

Missile Launchers -

5/

SSMs 6/

SAM ~aunchers -

2/

AA

Guns I

/ Helicopters

Gunships

Utility/Cargo

Total

1/ Manpower strengths in thousands.

- 21

Reserve indicates all reserve components.

-

31 Hawk and Nike SAMs dropped to zero as of April 9, 1979.

4/

Sheridan armored assault vehicles.

-

5/ Dragon and TOW antitank missiles.

-

61 Honest John SSMs dropped to zero in 1979.

-

7/ Vulcan towed and self-propelled.

-

CRS

Table 35 U . S . NAVY

Air

cra

ft

(co

nt

) S

hor

e-B

ased

3

/ -

Gra

nd

To

tal

Sh

ips

(Les

s C

arr

iers

) C

ruis

ers

Des

tro

yer

s A

ctiv

e R

eser

ve

To

tal

Fr

iga

tes

' A

ctiv

e R

eser

ve

To

tal

Att

ack

S

ub

mar

ines

N

ucl

ear

Die

sel

To

tal

Am

ph

ibio

us

Sh

ips

Hel

ico

pte

r C

arr

iers

-

21

O

ther

T

ota

l

11

M

anpo

wer

st

ren

gth

s in

th

ou

san

ds.

-

21

H

elic

op

ter

ca

rr

ier

s li

ste

d u

nd

er A

irc

ra

ft

Ca

rrie

rs a

nd

Am

ph

ibio

us

Sh

ips

ar

e t

he

sam

e.

-

31

Sh

ore-

bas

ed

air

cr

aft

are

ex

clu

siv

ely

P-3

O

rfo

ns.

-

Manpower 1

1

Active M

ilitary

Civilian

Reserve 21

~o

t

a 1-

Strategic N

uclear

ICBMs

MIRV

Other

Total

Warheads

Bombers -

31

Heavy

Medium

Total

Weapons

Tankers

Active

Reserve

Total

Interceptors

Active

Reserve 21

~otal-

Tactical/Mobility

Combat Aircraft 21

Medium Bombers

FighterIAttack

Reconnaissance a

nd

Surveillance

Airl

ift

Aircraft

Strategic

Active

Reserve 21

~otal-

NET

CH

ANG

E 19

70-1

980

- CRS

- 128 - T a b l e 36 (con't)

CRS

- 1 2 9 -

Table 37 U.S. MARINE CORPS

C w 4 \\.d 4 e l k m u

a ' c o U U C W

Str

ate

gic

Ro

cket

F

orc

es

Man

pow

er

1/

Ac

tiv

e ~

Zl

it

ar

y

Civ

ilia

n

Res

erv

e T

ota

l

ICB

Ms

MIR

V 2

/ o

the

r-

To

tal

I War

hea

ds

AIR

DEF

ENSE

FO

RC

ES

Man

pow

er

1/

Ac

tiv

e ~

Tl

it

ar

y

Civ

ilia

n

Res

erv

e T

ota

l

ABM

L

aun

cher

s SA

M

Lau

nch

ers

3 /

-

Inte

rce

pto

rs

11

M

anpo

wer

st

ren

gb

hs

in t

ho

usa

nd

s.

-

2/

Not

a

ll

MIR

Vab

le

ICB

Ms

are

MIR

Ved

. -

NET

CH

AN

GE

'tP70

-P98

0

31

So

me

So

vie

t SA

M L

aun

cher

s m

ount

m

ore

th

an

on

e m

iss

ile

. T

ota

l r

ail

s e

qu

all

ed

1

2,4

00

in

19

80

. -

Manpower 1_/

Military

Active

Civilian

Reserve

Total

~ilitarized Security l

a/

Active

Civilian

Reserve

Total

Tactical/Mobility

Deployable M

anpower

Divisions

Category 1-11

Category I11

Total

Heavy

& Medium Tanks

Light Tanks

APCIAFV 21

~rtillery

Heavy M

ortars 3-1

ATGM L

aunchers

Primary

Secondary -

41

Total

SSMs

SAM L

aunchers

AA Guns 5-1

1/

Man

pow

er s

tre

ng

ths

in th

ousa

nds.

-

la/

Mil

ita

riz

ed

se

cu

rity

fo

rce

s a

re K

GB

and

MVD

. -

Per

sonn

el

NET CHANGE

1970-1980

for

air

and

sea

co

mpo

nent

s a

re i

ncl

ud

ed

, b

ut are a small fr

ac

tio

n.

2/

APC/

AFV

fig

ure

s i

ncl

ud

e w

heel

ed a

s w

e1 1

as

tra

cke

d v

eh

icle

s.

-

31

Hea

vy m

oraa

rs a

re 120mn,

240m

n.

TI

An

tita

nk

mis

sio

ns

are

sec

onda

ry

for

BMP,

BM

D,

and

BRDM

co

mba

t ve

hic

les

tha

t m

ount

ATG

Ms.

51

AA g

un s

tati

sti

cs

no

t a

va

ila

ble

fo

r 19

70-1

975.

N

pt

rh

an

n~

ic

Cn

r l

a7

~1

oa

n

-

Pianpower 1/

Active ~

Tlitar~

Civilian

Reserve

Total

Strategic Nuclear

Submarines

Nuclear

Diesel

Total

SLBMs

MIRV

Other

Total

Warheads

Tactical/Mobility

Aircraft Carriers

Guided Missile VTOL

Helicopter

Total

Aircraft

Carrier-Based

~ixed-Wing

Helicopters

Total

Shore-Based

Fixed-Wing

Helicopters

Total

Grand Total

NET

C

iaA

K; r

l93C-

19

80

-58

par

- 84 -

-142

+4 9

-5 -

+44

+160

+537 -

+697

+lo17

+ 2

par + 2

+60

+20 -

+80

+80

-55 -

+25

+lo5

Cru

ise

rs

De

stro

ye

rs

Fri

ga

tes

At t

ac

k S

ub

mar

ines

N

ucl

ear

Die

sel

To

tal

Am

ph

ibio

us

Sh

ips -

21

Nav

al

Infa

ntr

y

Man

pow

er L

/ ?A

ctiv

e M

ilit

ary

C

ivil

ian

R

eser

ve

To

tal

Reg

imen

ts

Lig

ht

Tan

ks

ATGM

L

aun

cher

s

Hea

vy M

ort

ars

-

4/

NET

CH

AN

GE

1970

-198

0

Pa

r -1

6

+68

+40

-5

8 -

-18

+16

.

.

Pa

r P

ar

par

p

ar

+1

+60

+25

0

+30

+60

1/

Man

pow

er

stre

ng

ths

in t

ho

usa

nd

s.

Sea

ele

me

nts

of

the

mil

ita

riz

ed

s

ec

uri

ty f

orc

es

are

in

clu

de

d i

n

-

Ta

ble

39,

an

d

the

refo

re d

o n

ot

ap

pe

ar

he

re.

The

num

ber

is c

om

pa

rati

ve

ly s

mall

.

21

A

mp

hib

iou

s sh

ips

ex

clu

de

LSM

s,

wh

ich

c

orr

esp

on

d

clo

se

ly t

o U

.S.

lan

din

g c

raft

. L

ST

s an

d

the

Iv

an

-

Rog

ov L

PD

co

un

t.

31

APc

IAFV

in

clu

de

wh

eele

d

as

we

ll a

s t

rac

ke

d v

eh

icle

s.

-

41

Hea

vy

mo

rta

rs i

nc

lud

e

120u

n11,

t40

mm

! -

CRS

T a b l e 41 S O V I E T A I R FORCE

m h a m Llmm 0 L1 9 e N m a l - b m a + a-1- + + a + l + - + a

m a l n a 0 o m o o 0 m C l n l n " 4hla CO m ""I " m m o o o * 4 l-COam " m "I? "

Z 'd E a

V W h l U .d L1 > .d 0 o o w m a t + w P w Q z g x x

CRS - 135 -

Annex E RECAPITULATION BY COUNTRY

1970-1980

This recapitulation summarizes statistics displayed in Annexes A and B,

omitting details for each category. ICBMs, for example, show as lump sums,

without identifying Minutemen, SS-18s, and so on.

The product provides readers a ready reference to U.S. and Soviet quan-

titative strengths across the complete force spectrum.

CRS - 136 -

Table 42 U . S . ARMED FORCES

a 0 4 a O N

b a n W N14 0 0010 P- e

m 0 m P - m m or. e 4 a m N N m

d m 4 rD N a0 m 00 0 0 W O W m d U L'7 4 Cc) 00 4- ln 0 4 a 4 d a e e Nr.

0 4 N U N

444 9 0 m w m -0 0 0 m o m mr.4- m 0 9 a 0 0 a 03 4 a0 d d 4 4 4 N e

g a B I ~

h

m 4.4 .d .4

\ .d "I" z & 0) .,-I

f .? .$ Oa : .? C d V s

Tactical/Mobility

Ground Forces 41

Deployable ~

ai~ower

-

1 /

Divisions

Active

Reserve 31

Total-

Separate Brigades

Active

Reserve 3

1

~otal-

Separate Regiments

Active

Reserve

Total

Heavy h

Medium Tanks

APC/LVTP

Artillery

ATGM Launchers 51

-

Heavy Mortars

Combat Air Forces

Medium Bombers

FighterIAttack

Land-Based 61

carrier-~ased

Total

Helo Gunships -

41

ASW Fixed Wing

Helicopter

Total

NET CHANGE

1970

-198

0

!4~'

"61

C;3

m1.3

i 4'

A~

rc

ra

f t C

era

fers

A

tta

ck C

ar

rie

rs

Nu

clea

r O

i 1 T

ota

l

ASW

C

ar

rie

rs

He

lic

op

ter

Ca

rrie

rs 7

1 G

rand

T

ota

l

Cr

uis

er

s

Des

tro

yer

s A

cti

ve

R

eser

ve

To

tal

Fr

iga

tes

Ac

tiv

e

Res

erv

e T

ota

l

Att

ack

S

ub

mar

ines

N

ucl

ear

Die

sel

To

tal

Am

ph

ibio

us

Sh

ips

71

H

eli

co

pte

r ~

ar

ri

e

Oth

er

To

tal

Air

lift

S

tra

teg

ic

Ac

tiv

e

Res

erv

e T

ota

l

Ta

cti

ca

l ~

ct

iv

e

Re

serv

e

To

tal

Gra

nd

T

ota

l

Uti

lity

Car

go

-

41

H

eli

co

pte

rs

~e

rk

ha

nt S

hip

s C

arg

o

Ac

tiv

e

Re

serv

e

To

tal

Tan

ker

s A

cti

ve

R

ese

rve

T

ota

l

Gra

nd

To

tal

11

M

anpo

wer

s

tre

ng

th i

n t

ho

usa

nd

s.

-

2/

Hea

vy

and

med

ium

b

om

ber

s co

mb

ined

. -

31

Inc

lud

es

al

l r

es

erv

e c

om

po

nen

ts.

-

41

A

rmy

plu

s M

ari

ne

s.

-

51

D

rag

on

an

d TOW

lau

nc

he

rs.

-

61

A

ir F

orc

e p

lus

Mar

ines

. -

NET

CH

AN

GE

1970

-198

0

71

H

eli

co

pte

r c

arr

iers

co

un

ted

as

air

cr

af

t c

arr

iers

als

o s

how

as

am

ph

ibio

us

sh

ips

. -

CRS

T a b l e 43 SOVIET ARMED FORCES

3t? w N m m * 9 9 ~n o m w o N O O N a .it {a m o a+ m o 4 m m m m m o m =r wf-.m sr, m:irl .3 d a Ln

g\ rn A e4 rn rn in (Cl rn r P Iqi N 9 m N 4 * wlj-

m m L l L l m 0 l P ) b . t

-5.52 c c a 5 1 6 ,

m m m v & lJ-lcll Ll a, a, a, w W Z Z U c c m c c m W c m H w

a, a

Ground Forces (con't)3/ -

Separate Regiments -

4/

Heavy/Medium Tanks

APC/AFV

Artillery

ATGM Launchers

Primary

Secondary -

5 /

Total

Heavy Mortars

Combat Air Forces

Medium Bombers -

21

FighterlAttack

Land-Based

Carrier-Based

Total

Helo Gunships

ASW ~ixed Wing 6/

~elico~ters-7/

-

Total

Naval Combatants

Aircraft Carriers

Guided Missile VTOL

Helicopter

Total

Cruisers

Destroyers

Frigates

NET CHANGE

1970

-198

0

+ 1

+10,000

+35,250

+7,400

+3530

+l6,OOO

+19,530

+2660

-375

+875

+60 -

+935

+700

+85

-3 5

-

+50

+ 2

par + 2

Par

-1 6

+68

Nav

al

Co

mb

atan

ts

(co

n' t

A

tta

ck

S

ub

mar

ines

N

uc

lea

r D

ies

el

To

tal

Am

ph

ibio

us

Sh

ips - 71

Air

lif

t S

tra

teg

ic

Ta

cti

ca

l T

ota

l

Uti

lity

Car

go

H

eli

co

pte

rs -

81

Mer

chan

t S

hip

s C

arg

o

Ta

nk

er

To

tal

NET

CIU

FiG

E 19

70-1

980

11

M

anpo

wer

s

tre

ng

ths

in

th

ou

san

ds.

In

clu

de

s m

ilit

ari

ze

d

se

cu

rity

fo

rce

s.

-

21

M

ediu

m b

om

ber

s in

str

ate

gic

nu

cle

ar

an

d

tac

tic

al

ca

teg

ori

es

co

nta

in t

he

-

an

ti-s

urf

ac

e

sh

ip b

om

ber

s.

31

Gro

un

d F

orc

es,

p

lus

Nav

al

Infa

htr

y.

-

sam

e B

ac

kfi

res

an

d n

av

al

41

A

ll r

eg

ime

nts

are

na

va

l in

fan

try

. -

5/

ATGM

m

issi

on

s a

re s

ec

on

da

ry

for

BM

P,

BMD

, a

nd

BRD

M

com

bat

v

eh

fcle

s

tha

t m

ou

nt

an

tita

nk

mis

sil

es

d

-

61

A

ll f

ixe

d-w

ing

AS

W

air

cr

af

t a

re

la

nd

-ba

sed

. -

7/

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