utilization of bamboo charcoal(gigantochloa verticillata) and bentonite as adsororbent
TRANSCRIPT
By :
Wini Septiani, Hayat Sholihin and Asep Suryatna
DEPARTEMENT OF CHEMISTRY EDUCATION
FPMIPA UPI
Green cincau Pectin Food
Edible film (Roiyana, 2012)
Limited for green fruits and vegetables
Pharmacy
Binder in tablet, replacing CMC (Muchtaridi, 2009)
The color and thickness uniformity of antacid tablets obtained have not qualified
contains
Bamboo
charcoal
Bentonite
Adsorbent of cooking
oil to reduce levels of
FFA (Free Fatty Acid)
(Aji, Dwi Wahyu and
Muhammad N.H. )
Green cincau gel + adsorbent Colorless cincau gel
1. How to activate bamboo charcoal and bentonite as adsorbent?
2. How is the optimum condition to bleach green cincau extract?
3. How are the characteristics of adsorbent after contact with green cincau extract?
Adsorbent preparation
Green cincau leaves extraction
Optimation
Adsorbent characterization after
contact with green cincau extract
Volume of H3PO4 : 25 mL
Time of soaked: 24 hours
Activation temperature : 700oC
Heat time: 60 minutes
The highest randemen is activated charcoal with activator H3PO4 5%.
No. Charcoal mass
(g) [H3PO4]
Activated charcoal mass
(g) Randemen (%)
1. 10,0165 0% 2,6640 26,4
2. 10,0874 5% 5,8689 58,2
3. 10,0092 10% 5,6148 56,1
4. 10,0166 15% 5,3482 53,4
Activated Charcoal Pore Structure
No. Type of activated
charcoal Color of extract Absorbance
Efficiency
(%)
1. Control Green 0,5739 -
2. Before activated Green light 0,5333 7,07
3. H3PO4 0% activation Green light 0,0865 84,9
4. H3PO4 5% activation Colorless 0,0227 96,0
5. H3PO4 10% activation Colorless 0,0244 95,7
6. H3PO4 15% activation Colorless 0,0273 95,3
Bentonite
(100
grams)
HCl 15 %
(150 mL)
Heated at 70oC during 2
hours, netralize until pH 4
and dried at ±100°C
Activated bentonite
(72,7001 grams )
Image of SEM activated bentonite
The optimum mass ratio of activated charcoal and bentonite is 3: 1
No. Bamboo charcoal : bentonite Absorbance Efficiency (%)
1. Control 0,549 -
2. 0:1 0,236 57,01
3. 1:3 0,031 94,35
4. 1:2 0,030 94,54
5. 1:1 0,028 94,90
6. 2:1 0,029 94,72
7. 3:1 0,027 95,08
8. 4:1 0,050 90,89
9. 1:0 0,017 96,90
No.
Adsorbent
concentration
(%)
Color of extract after contact Absorbance
1. 0 Green with slightly green gel 0,2112
2. 2 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0403
3. 3 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0342
4. 5 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0326
5. 10 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0267
The addition of 2% adsorbent can reduce the value of the absorbance extract significantly, but the addition of 3-10% extract absorbance values are not significantly reduced
No.
Adsorbent
concentrations
(%)
Color of extract after contact Absorbance
1 0 Green with slightly green gel 0,1245
2 0,5 Green light with slightly colorless gel 0,0129
3 1 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0127
4 1,5 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0085
5 2 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0092
6 2,5 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0118
The optimum adsorbent concentration is at 1,5% adsorbent.
No. Times
(minutes) Color of extract after contact Absorbance
Efficiency of
bleaching
1. 0 Green with slightly green gel 0,0204 -
2. 5 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0099 51,47
3. 10 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0070 65,69
4. 15 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0077 62,25
5. 20 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0078 61,76
6. 25 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0101 50,49
7. 30 Colorless with slightly colorless gel 0,0115 43,63
The optimum contact time on bleaching the green cincau extract is 10 minutes
Wave numbers (cm-1) Prediction fungtional
groups Before contact After contact
468,7 468,7 Si-O-Si 524,6 524,6 Si-O
677,0 677,0 C-H alkenes, C-H aromatic
711,7 709,8 C-H alkenes, C-H aromatic
754,1 754,1 C-H alkenes, C-H aromatic
792,7 794,6 C-H alkenes, C-H aromatic
1041,5 1041,5 Si-O
1103,2 1103,2 C-O ester
1136,0 1134,1 C-O eter
1186,1 1186,1 C-O ester
1579,6 1579,6 C=C
1720,4 1720,4 C=O
2852,5 2852,5 C-H alkane
2920,0 2920,0 C-H alkane
3423,4 3423,4 O-H
Before contact After contact
The optimum conditions of contacting the adsorbent with green cincau extract is at concentration of adsorbent is 1,5% with activated charcoal and bentonite ratio of 3: 1 and 10 minutes contact time.
Based on the FTIR analysis, the adsorbent which has been contacted not changes chemicaly and based on SEM analysis of adsorbent which has been contacted with green cincau extract has pores that are still open, meaning that they can be used for the next adsorption.
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