utah driver education and training basic control tasks
TRANSCRIPT
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UTAH Driver Education and TrainingUTAH Driver Education and Training
Basic Control Tasks
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Standards and Benchmarks1. Laws and Highway System
c. consistently demonstrate knowledge and understanding by responsible adherence to highway transportation system traffic laws and control devices
2. Responsibilityb. demonstrate the ability to make appropriate decisions while operating a motor vehiclec. consistently display respect for other users of the highway transportation systemd. develop habits and attitudes with regard to responsible driving
3. Visual Skillsa. know proper visual skills for operating a motor vehicleb. communicate and explain proper visual skills for operating a motor vehiclec. demonstrate the use of proper visual skills for operating a motor vehicled. develop habits and attitudes with regard to proper visual skills
4. Vehicle Control a. demonstrate smooth, safe and efficient operation of a motor vehicleb. develop habits and attitudes relative to safe, efficient and smooth vehicle operation.
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Starting TasksStarting Tasks
Check/set park brake
Right foot on brake pedal, heel on floor
Left foot on “dead pedal”
Key in ignition, turn to start
Check alert, warning lights and gauges
Adjust ventilation, accessories
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Pre-set Hand Positions
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9 3
7 5Advantages of these hand positions
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1968 Chevrolet Camaro SS Convertible Lemans
4-6 complete revolutions to turn the steering wheel from locked to locked position
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Ford Taurus 2001
Only 2 ½ revolutions to turn the steering wheel from locked to locked positions
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1999 Lincoln Town Car Limousine
What kind of steering would it take to turn a corner in this
vehicle?
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Hand-to-Hand SteeringHand-to-Hand Steering
11
7
1
5
•Right Turn
•Left Hand Pushes Up
•Right Turn
•Right Hand Pulls Down
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Hand-Over-Hand SteeringHand-Over-Hand SteeringUsed with Speeds below 15 mphUsed with Speeds below 15 mph
11 12
•Left Turn
Left hand pulls down, then reaches up to about the 11-12 position and continues to pull down to the left
•Left Turn
Right Hand pushes up to about the 11 position
Continue pulling on the top 1/3 of the wheel until desired path of travel is reached
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One Hand Steering – Backing StraightOne Hand Steering – Backing Straight
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Foot Firmly on Brake,
Heel on Floor
Shift to Proper Gear Overdrive, Drive, or Reverse
Check TrafficCheck TrafficForward, Rear, and Sides
SignalCommunicate Intentions
Moving from a Stopped Position
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Release Parking Brake
Check Traffic
Select Gap in Traffic Flow
Move to New Lane
Use Progressive Acceleration
Moving from a Stopped Position
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TargetingTargeting
A “Target” is a fixed object in the center of the path you intend to drive
What is the target in the driver’s path of travel?
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Target AreaTarget AreaThe Target area is the area to the left and right of your target
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Ground Areas Around the Vehicle Ground Areas Around the Vehicle the Driver Can’t Seethe Driver Can’t See
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Locating Vehicle Blind AreasLocating Vehicle Blind Areas Place markers (cones, milk cartons, people) at the point where the driver can see the marker on the ground
Draw the space area around the vehicle
Mark the tire patches prior to moving vehicle
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1
4
5
MAXIMIZE LANE USE
Use the lane position that gives you the best line of sight and path of travel. This diagram is based upon an average 12 foot wide lane.
33
2
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Lane Position 1Lane Position 1
12-3 Feet
2-3 Feet
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Lane Position 2Lane Position 2
2
3-6 Inches
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Lane Position 3Lane Position 3
33-6 Inches
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Lane Positions 4 and 5Lane Positions 4 and 5
Lane positions 4 and 5 – straddling the line to avoid a problem
5
4
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Standard Vehicle Reference Points
• Relates a part of the vehicle to some part of the roadway
• Know your vehicle placement within a lane at all times• Maneuver in confined places
Left Side (6 inches)
Left Side (3 feet)
From the driver’s seat, see some part of the vehicle as it relates to some part of the roadway, to know where the vehicle is actually located.
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Left Side 3-6 Inches
When you look at the curb, pavement line, or edge of the road, it appears to line up about one foot in from the left edge of the hood.
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Left Side 3-6 Inches
How it is used:• Lane Position 2• Preparing for a left
turn• Parking
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Right Side 3-6 Inches
The curb, pavement line or edge of the road appears to line up near the center of the hood
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Right Side 3-6 Inches
How it is used:• Lane Position 3• Parking
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Right Side Three Feet
When you look at the curb, pavement, or edge of the road, it appears to line up with the middle of the right half of the hood
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Right Side Three Feet
How it is used:
• Side Position for a right turn
• Lane Position 1
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Front LimitationFront Limitation
When you look at the curb line it appears to line up with the side view mirror
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Front LimitationFront LimitationHow it is used: - Safety Stop to get a clear view
- Precision legal stop
•Point when you start turning the wheel for a right turn
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Rear LimitationsLEFT
When you look back over your left shoulder, the curb or line appears to be in the middle of the left rear window
RIGHT
When you look back over your right shoulder, the curb or line appears to be near the rear window corner post
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Rear Limitations – How They are Used
LEFT
When backing to know where your rear bumper is
RIGHT
When backing around a corner, it’s the pivot point for turning, such as backing into a perpendicular parking space
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Braking Basics
The key is to stabilize the foot by keeping the
heel on the floor
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AcceleratorBrakeDead Pedal
Left foot on Dead Pedal, right foot pivots
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1.
2.
3.
Where to Stop
The three legal stop positions:
1. Before the Stop Line, or
2. Before the Crosswalk, or
3. Before the Intersection
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Four Braking Techniques
1. Release the Accelerator
Slows the vehicle by transferring weight to the front of the vehicle
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2. Controlled BrakingSmooth, steady braking to bring the vehicle to a stop
Good Habits
• Check rear view and side view mirrors
• Apply smooth, steady, squeezing pressure on brake pedal
• Ease off brake few seconds before stopping for a smooth stop – curl toes back
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3. Threshold BrakingSlows the vehicle as quickly as possible without locking brakes or losing traction
Good Habits• Release accelerator
• Keep heel on floor, apply steady, maximum brake pressure without lockup
• Release brake pressure few seconds before stopping for a smooth, non-jerky stop
• Check traffic to rear and sides
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4. Trail BrakingUsed while turning to maintain balance and steering control
Good Habits
• On entry to a turn or curve, use controlled braking prior to any steering movement
• As you enter the turn, ease off the brake and maintain slight braking pressure until halfway through the turn, then accelerate out
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Ease off the brakes as you enterthe curve, by using trail braking until halfway through the turn.
Accelerate out of the turn.
Use controlled
braking prior to reaching thecurve.
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Acceleration Techniques
1. Progressive Acceleration: To gradually gain speed
Move foot off the brake
With heel on floor, place foot over the accelerator pedal
Squeeze accelerator to gradually and progressively pick up speed from 2 mph to desired speed
Good Habits
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Acceleration Techniques
2. Thrust Acceleration: For maximum speed increase without losing traction
Good Habits
• With heel on floor, firmly push accelerator to quickly pick up speed without traction loss
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Precision Turns
A precision turn is the ability to consistently perform left and right turns from a stopped and moving position with a pre-determined idea of where you want to begin and end the turn.
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• Able to determine target area and path of travel
• Use the least amount of space necessary
• Precision braking and acceleration for entry and exits
• Accurate steering to the new path of travel
• Increase ability to plan ahead
• Make tight turns
Precision TurnAdvantages
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Precision Turn Approach•Signal
•Check Mirrors
•Search Intersection
STO
P
STO
P
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Precision Turn Approach•Get side position
•Legal Stop
STO
P
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Precision Turn Approach•Get forward position for the turn – even with the curb line
STO
P
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Precision Turn While Turning•Select safe gap
•Turn head to target
•Accelerate and turn simultaneously
STO
P
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• Use trail braking if the brakes were applied going into the turn
•Turn your head and look to the target – GO, don’t hesitate!
•Push-Pull for most turns
•Hand-over-hand for slow speeds
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Transition Pegs
Left TurnRecover the wheel when the target intersects with the corner window post
Right TurnRecover the wheel when the target intersects with the rear view mirror
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Precision Turn Exiting
• Smooth acceleration out of the turn
• Check rearview mirror
STO
P
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Backing Straight
Check clear path of travel
Foot on brake, shift to reverse
Shift body weight
Left hand at 12 o’clock, right hand
on passenger seat for balance
Look back and creep slowly
Look back until stopped
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Backing & Turning
Check for clear path of travel
Foot on brake, shift to reverse
Both hands on wheel in balanced position
Look back and control speed and movement
Use hand-over-hand
Check front clearance frequently