usmma: working to ensure domestic production of high performance magnets
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USMMA: Working to Ensure Domestic Production of High Performance Magnets. Ed Richardson President USMMA Technology Metals Summit 2013. Magnet Development. Permanent Magnets Available Today. Highest Temperature. Lowest Cost. Alnico. Ferrites. Neodymium Iron Boron. Samarium Cobalt. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Ed RichardsonPresident USMMA
Technology Metals Summit 2013
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Magnet Development
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Permanent Magnets Available Today
Alnico Ferrites
Samarium Cobalt
Neodymium Iron
Boron
Highest Temperature
Lowest Cost
Highest Maximum
Energy Product
High Temp / High Max
Energy Product
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Permanent Magnets Available Today
Alnico Ferrites
Samarium Cobalt
Neodymium Iron
Boron
Generally Considered “High Performance”
Highest Temperature
Lowest Cost
Highest Maximum
Energy Product
High Temp / High Max
Energy Product
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Who Produces Them in the U.S.?• Alnico Magnets
▫ Thomas & Skinner Indianapolis, IN 170 employees
▫ Permanent Magnetic Corporation Indianapolis, IN 50 employees
▫ Arnold Magnetic Technologies Marengo, IL 140 employees
• Samarium-Cobalt▫ Electron Energy
Corporation Landisville, PA 100 employees
• Hard Ferrites▫ Hoosier Magnetics, Inc.
(ferrite powder) Ogdensburg, NY 50 employees
• Neodymium-Iron-Boron▫ Hitachi Metals (planned)
China Grove, NC 130 employees
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How They Are Made: Casting
Pour molten metal into
molds
Heat treat
Grinding
Inspection
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How They Are Made: SinteringCast Alloy &
CrushPress
PowderSinter
Heat Treat
Grinding
Inspection
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High-Performance Magnets: Commercial Use• Aerospace
▫ Motors▫ Sensors▫ Switches
• Medical▫ Transducers
• Industrial▫ Motors/generators▫ Guitar pickups▫ Instrumentation
• Oil and Gas Exploration▫ Sensors
Aerospace
Industrial
Oil Exploration
Medical
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High-Performance Magnets: Military Use
AGM-114 “Hellfire”
Excalibur Artillery Shell
JDAM Assembly
F-22A RaptorAIM-9X
Phalanx CIWS
AESA RadarsBlack Hawk Helicopter
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Military Requirement for Domestic Sources: Some, Not AllHard (Permanent) Magnets Soft Magnetic Materials
• Four general types:▫ Alnico▫ SmCo (Rare Earth)▫ NdFeB (Rare Earth)▫ Hard Ferrites
• Multiple types, including: ▫ Electrical Steel
▫ Powdered Iron▫ Soft Ferrites
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Why Do We Need A Secure Supply?• Vietnam War
▫ Sony withheld cameras used to guide tactical missiles
• 1983▫ Socialists in the Japanese Diet blocked the sale of
ceramic packaging used in U.S. cruise missiles
• 2002 ▫ Hellfire Missile production stopped during West
Coast dock strike Critical parts sourced in Japan were awaiting off-
loading
• 2003▫ JDAM bomb production stopped during Iraq war
because Swatch Group refused to ship critical part Disagreed w/ Bush Administration foreign policy
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Why Do We Need A Secure Supply?•Critical to our economy
▫Innovation is a key trait of the companies listed in the Business Week 50, an annual ranking of the top-performing companies in America
•Critical to a strong military▫Weapons systems typically built with new,
innovative technology and materials“Innovation remains a powerful engine of success”
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Case study: NdFeB Magnets and Innovation• “Offshoring technology innovation: A case
study of rare-earth technology,” Fifarek, Veloso and Davidson, Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 26, 2008
▫Shows that once the domestic bonded neo magnet industry went to China, innovation by US industry involving bonded neo magnets decreased dramatically.
▫Number of patents involving bonded neo magnets dropped precipitously.
Without the ability to manufacture,
we lose the ability to innovate.
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U.S. Production is Vital•Develop unique materials for mission
specific DOD requirements, U.S. market needs, AND commercialize.
•Interest and ability to work with high performance, small production runs.
•China has become a critical US defense supplier.
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Summary• U.S. magnetic materials industry is alive.
• 10 U.S.C. 2533b “Specialty Metals Clause” applies to the high performance magnets.
• High performance magnets are strategic materials in high-profile legacy and emerging weapon systems.
• U.S. defense supply chain needs domestic, advanced, and specialized magnet technology capabilities for unique military requirements.
• Supply Chain Security works for the Defense Department
• The US military should not become dependent on China for its defense systems
Ability to manufacture = ability to innovate