using satellite-based es.mates of evapotranspiraon and ...60 mm/yr of gw decline in cv 100 mm/yr ......
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Usingsatellite-basedes.matesofevapotranspira.onandgroundwaterchangestodetermineanthropogenicwaterfluxesinlandsurfacemodel
Min-HuiLo,R.G.Anderson,J.S.FamiglieF,S.Swenson,Q.TangDepartmentofAtmosphericSciences,Na.onalTaiwanUniversity,Taiwan
2016/09/29@theGEWEXworkshopofIncludingWaterManagementinLargeScaleModels
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Usingsatellite-basedes.matesofevapotranspira.onandgroundwaterchangestodetermineanthropogenicwaterfluxesinlandsurfacemodel
Min-HuiLo,R.G.Anderson,J.S.FamiglieF,S.Swenson,Q.TangDepartmentofAtmosphericSciences,Na.onalTaiwanUniversity,Taiwan
2016/09/29@theGEWEXworkshopofIncludingWaterManagementinLargeScaleModels
![Page 4: Using satellite-based es.mates of evapotranspiraon and ...60 mm/yr of GW decline in CV 100 mm/yr ... , 2016 FamiglieF et al., 2011 Voss et al., 2013 ... – How to best u.lize the](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051922/600f3d9a8fa8c0165f6043d0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
LandSurfaceProcesses
Landsurfaceprocessesfunc.onas– lowerboundarycondi.onin
AtmosphericModels– upperboundarycondi.onin
HydrologicalModels– interfaceforcoupled
Atmospheric/Hydrological/EcologicalModels
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A bucket model was developed as a lower boundary condition for a GCM by Manabe et al., [1965]
Soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer (SVAT) model[Dickinson et al, 1986 and Sellers et al., 1986.] Heterogeneity hydrologic processes [Famiglietti and Wood, 1991; 1994; Liang et al., 1994]
1965
1970
1980
1990
2000
Evolutions of Land Surface Model (LSM)
EarliestLSMs:prescribedsoilmoisturecondi.on
Detailedecologicalprocesses.[Bonan,1998]
2010
Subsurfaceprocess[YehandEltahir,2005;Niuetal.,2007;Loetal.,2008;Pokhreletal.,Campoyetal.,…]
I-GEM(ImpactofGroundwaterinEarthsystemModels)2015-2018betweenFranceANR(AgnèsDucharne)andTaiwanNSF(Min-HuiLO)
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Bonan(2008)
Physicalprocessesinlandsurfacemodel
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Irriga.onintensitymap(FAO)
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modifiedfromFauntetal.[2009]
CentralValleyAquifer
CentralValleySurfaceProcesses
GWR(184)
precipita.on(374)
evapora.on(607)
surfacewaterdeliveries(241)
groundwaterwithdrawal
(203)storagelose(33)
(units:mm/year)
California’sCentralValley(52,000km2)
waterbudgetinheavilyirrigatedsystem
usingCaliforniaasanexample
(Famiglie5etal.,2011;Andersonetal.,2012;LoandFamiglie5,2013;Loetal.,2013;Andersonetal.,2015)
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Cancurrentmodelssimulatereasonableevapora.on?
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2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
50
100
Year
mm
/mon
(a) Evapotranspiration from 9 Land Model Simulations
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 20090
100
200
300
400
500
Year
mm
/yr
(b) Observed Precipitation
canmodelssimulatereasonableevapora.on?
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
50
100
Time
mm
/mon
(a) Evapotranspiration from 3 Estimations and 9 Land Model Simulations
model obs
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 20090
100
200
300
400
500
Time
mm
/yr
(b) Precipitation from PRISM
2 4 6 8 10 12020406080
100120
Time
mm
/mon
(c) Same as (a), but for Climatology
model (279mm)obs (655mm)
Andersonetal.,2015
UnitedStatesAgriculturalMonitoring(USAM),Tangetal,2009
Thesurfaceenergybalancealgorithmforland(SEBAL),Andersonetal.,2012
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dSdt
= In −Out
650mm/yrvs280mm/yr
Howmuchwateratleastneedstobeapplied(ThedifferencebetweenactuallyET&modelET)
lowerenvelopees.mateofirrigatedwaterdemand
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
50
100
Time
mm
/mon
(a) Evapotranspiration from 3 Estimations and 9 Land Model Simulations
model obs
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 20090
100
200
300
400
500
Time
mm
/yr
(b) Precipitation from PRISM
2 4 6 8 10 12020406080
100120
Time
mm
/mon
(c) Same as (a), but for Climatology
model (279mm)obs (655mm)
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GRACEes.matedgroundwaterpumpingrate
2004 2006 2008 2010−200
−100
0
100
200
Groundwater Storage
mm
Time
60mm/yrofGWdeclineinCV
100mm/yr
270mm/yr
dGWdt
=GWR− pumping
Surfacewaterusesta.s.cs(240mm/yr)fromStateWaterProject,USBureauofReclama.on,andcanalstreamflowdatafromCaliforniaDataExchange.Totalirrigatedwaterdemand(~400mm/yr)inCV,(Wisseretal.,2008)
FamiglieFetal.,2011
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100mm/yr
270mm/yr
representa.onofirriga.onfluxes
Andersonetal.,2015
re-conductprevioussimula.ons
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
50
100
Time
mm
/mon
Evapotranspiration from 3 Estimations and Land Model Simulation with Irrigation
model with irriobs
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• Currentmodelshavesophis.catedphysicalparameteriza.ons.
• HOWEVER,lackofanthropogenicprocessesleadstounderes.matedevapora.on.
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
50
100
Time
mm
/mon
(a) Evapotranspiration from 3 Estimations and 9 Land Model Simulations
model obs
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 20090
100
200
300
400
500
Time
mm
/yr
(b) Precipitation from PRISM
2 4 6 8 10 12020406080
100120
Time
mm
/mon
(c) Same as (a), but for Climatology
model (279mm)obs (655mm)
recap
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Caveat:
• Constantirrigatedwater?• GWwithdrawalfromconfinedandunconfinedaquifersglobally?
NextStep:
• Applythisapproachglobally• CoupletoGCMtoseehumanfingerprintontheclimate
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Reageretal.,2016
FamiglieFetal.,2011 Vossetal.,2013 Rodelletal.,2009
Fengetal.,2013
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Figure 3
Groundwaterwithdrawal Irriga.onintensitymap(FAO)
GRACEtrendmap:
spaAaldistribuAonoflandwaterstoragechange(2003-2014)
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Caveat:
• Constantirrigatedwater?• GWwithdrawalfromconfinedandunconfinedaquifersglobally?
NextStep:
• Applythisapproachglobally• CoupletoGCMtoseehumanfingerprintontheclimate
![Page 19: Using satellite-based es.mates of evapotranspiraon and ...60 mm/yr of GW decline in CV 100 mm/yr ... , 2016 FamiglieF et al., 2011 Voss et al., 2013 ... – How to best u.lize the](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051922/600f3d9a8fa8c0165f6043d0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
climatemodelsimula.ons
• Model: – NCAR AGCM (Community Atmosphere Model, 1.4 lat x 1.4 lon)
• Experiments: – Exp01 (CTR): CAM coupled land surface model – Exp02 (IRRI): CAM coupled land surface model + Irrigation
• Methodology: – Both simulations are conducted for 90 years – Analysis of the differences between Exp01 and Exp02 for the
west of US and for summer only.
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Loetal.,2013
changesinlocalsurfaceenergybudget
increaseinlatentheatfluxdecreaseinsurfacetemperature
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asymmetricresponsesinrainfall
LoandFamiglieF,2013 Loetal.,2013
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011120
20
40
60
80
100
120
Time, mon
mm
/mon
ET Climatology from IRRI and CTR runs
IRRICTR
CMIP5modelsaverages
applica.onsoncurrentclimatemoels
simulatedcostalstratocumulusmightbeoveres.mated?simulatedUSsouthwestrainfallmightbeunderes.mated?
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• GRACEtrendmapprovidesaninvaluableinforma.on– Someofthosenega.veregionsindicatetheanthropogenicac.vi.es
– Howtobestu.lizetheGRACEdatainclimatemodels?
• Whencouplingtotheclimatemodel,– theresultsshowtheimportanceofsubsurfacehydrologicalandanthropogenicprocessesintheclimateandwatercycle.
summary
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ET Estimate
TheMODISdataincludeLandCoverType,SurfaceReflectance,LandSurfaceTemperature/Emissivity,Vegeta.onIndices,andAlbedo.
Surfaceradia.oncomponentsareobtainedfromSurfaceRadia.onBudgetData.
UnitedStatesAgriculturalMonitoring(USAM)
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110
20
40
60
80
100
120
Time
mm
/mon
Average ET for Central Valley
MODISSEBAL
Thesurfaceenergybalancealgorithmforland(SEBAL)
Inputdata:SurfaceT,surfaceemissivity,vegindices,andalbedofromMODIS.Incomingsolar,airhumidity,netlongwaveradia.on,andairtemperaturedatafromCIMIS(TheCaliforniaIrriga.onManagementInforma.onSystem)
FromRayAnderson
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Andersonetal.,2015
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0 2 4 6 8 10 120
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Month
Evap
otra
nspi
ratio
n, m
m/m
onth
Climatological Evapotranspiration, Averaged in Central Valley
obsCMIP5
fromAndersonetal.,2015
Simula.onsofEvapotranspira.oninCMIP5